www.decisionsciences.org/Proceedings/DSI2008/docs/527-7972.

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STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL DATA COLLECTION FORM

Product Unit: M&M’s Bag, Fun Size

What are important dimensions of quality for this product? (What is important to the
customer? What is important to the manufacturer?)

Number of M&Ms in bag = ___________

Number of green M&M’s in bag = ________________
Number of defective M&M’s in bag = _______________
Number of defects across whole unit (bag and candy) = ______________

Control Chart for Variables (Averages and Range; X-bar-chart and R-chart)
Measurement: ____Number of M&Ms in Bag___ Unit of Measurement: ___One bag____
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6
Unit 1 21 19 21 19 22
Unit 2 22 19 20 22 21
Unit 3 22 20 21 21 21
Unit 4 19 20 23 20 21
Unit 5 21 20 22 20 23
Unit 6 20 18 21 20 22
Unit 7 21 22 21 21 22
Average
Range

R-bar = average of sample ranges = 3.25

__
UCLR = D4 * R = 6.24
__
LCLR = D3 * R = 0.26

Range chart from initial samples indicate variance appears to be stationary. OK to use
chart. Future sample (#6) also is in control.

Grand Mean (X) = average of sample means = 20.57

= __
UCLXbar = X + A2R = 21.94

= __
LCLXbar = X - A2R = 19.21
Plotting initial and future sample averages on X-bar chart indicates (i) OK to use chart,
and (ii) process is in control for Sample 6.
 Control Chart for Attributes (Proportions; p-chart)
Measurement: __Green M&M Candy Pieces__ Unit of Measurement: ___Bag of 20____
Samples Samples Samples Samples Future Sample
Unit 1 2 3 3 3 3
Unit 2 4 4 2 3 4
Unit 3 4 1 1 5 2
Unit 4 2 3 4 1 3
Unit 5 4 3 1 1 6

__
p = (# of green)/{(# of samples)*(# of observations in each sample) = 0.135

σp ={p(1-p)/n}0.5
= 0.076

UCLp = p + z * σp
= 0.364

LCLp = p – z * σp
= Negative, thus set to 0.
Future samples indicate process is in control.

Control Chart for Attributes (Counts; c-chart)

Measurement: __Defects Across Bag_______ Unit of Measurement: ____One Bag______

Samples Samples Samples Samples Future Sample

Unit 1 1 2 1 2 3
Unit 2 0 1 1 4 0
Unit 3 1 1 2 0 0
Unit 4 0 2 2 1 2
Unit 5 1 2 0 0 1

__
c = 1.2
_
σc ={c}0.5 = 1.095
__
UCLc = c + z * σc = 4.49 {using Z = 3}

__
LCLc = c – z * σc = 0 {using Z = 3}

Again, future samples indicate process is in control.

Product Unit: Skittles Bag, Fun Size
What are important dimensions of quality for this product? (What is important to the
customer? What is important to the manufacturer?)

Number of Skittles in bag = ___________

Number of defective printed Skittles “S” in bag = _______________
Number of defects across whole unit (bag and candy) = ______________

Control Chart for Variables (Averages and Range; X-bar-chart and R-chart)
Measurement: __Number of Skittles in Bag__ Unit of Measurement: ___One bag____
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Future
Sample
Unit 1 19 19 20 19 18 21
Unit 2 19 20 18 20 17 23
Unit 3 18 20 20 19 19 23
Unit 4 18 21 18 18 18 25
Unit 5 20 19 17 17 20 24
Unit 6
Unit 7
Average 18.8 19.8 18.6 18.6 18.4 23.2
Range 2 2 3 3 3 4
To see each answer below, change the font color in the blank spaces below to red.
R-bar = average of sample ranges
= (2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 3) / 5 = 13/5 = 2.6
__
UCLR = D4 * R
= 2.11 * 2.6 = 5.486
__
LCLR = D3 * R
= 0 * 2.6 = 0

Range chart plot of initial samples indicates variance is stationary; it should be okay to use the
chart. Plotting future sample indicates variance is in control.

Grand Mean (X) = average of sample means =

= (18.8 + 19.8 + 18.6 + 18.6 + 18.4)/5 = 18.84
= __
UCLXbar = X + A2R
= 18.84 + 0.58(2.6) = 20.35
= __
LCLXbar = X - A2R
= 18.84 - 0.58(2.6) = 17.33
The future sample has a mean of 23.2, which is above the UCL, thus suggesting the process may
be going out of control.
 Control Chart for Attributes (Proportions; p-chart)
Measurement: __Defective Pieces__ Unit of Measurement: ___Bag of 19____
Samples Samples Samples Samples Future Samples
Unit 1 1 4 1 6 7
Unit 2 3 2 2 3 5
Unit 3 5 5 1 4
Unit 4 4 0 3 8
Unit 5 5 1 1 9
To see each answer below, change the font color in the blank spaces below to red.
__
p = (# of defectives)/{(# of samples)*(# of observations in each sample)}
= 47 defectives / [(17 samples)* (19 observations)] = 47/323 = 0.146
σp ={p(1-p)/n}0.5
= squareroot{ (0.146)(1 – 0.146)/19 } = 0.081
UCLp = p + z * σp
= 0.146 + 3(0.081) = 0.146 + 0.243 = 0.389
LCLp = p – z * σp
= 0.146 - 3(0.081) = 0 (since it is negative)
Samples having 8 and 9 defects suggest that the process may be out of control

Control Chart for Attributes (Counts; c-chart)

Measurement: __Defects Across Bag_______ Unit of Measurement: ____One Bag______

Samples Samples Samples Samples Future Bags

Unit 1 1 4 2 1 2
Unit 2 3 2 1 3 3
Unit 3 7 6 2 2 6
Unit 4 4 0 3 6 7
Unit 5 12 0 1 4 4
To see each answer below, change the font color in the blank spaces below to red.
__
c=
= 64 defects/20 bags = 3.2
_
σc ={c}0.5
= sqrt(3.2) = 1.79
__
UCLc = c + z * σc
= 3.2 + 3(1.79) = 8.57
__
LCLc = c – z * σc
= negative, thus 0
None of the bags examined in the future indicate the process is out of control.