16-02-2019

Angular measurement

Angle measuring instrument

• Protractor
• Universal bevel protractor
• Optical Bevel Protractor
• Sine bar
• Tomlinson gauges
• SPIRIT LEVEL
• Autocollimator

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Protractor

Universal bevel protractor

Main parts
1) Base plate
2) Adjustable
blade
3) Main scale
4) Vernier scale
5) Acute angle
attachment

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Calculation of Least Count

• the least count is the difference between one

vernier division and two main scale divisions,
which is 1/12° or 5'.

Reading on vernier scale

• The seventh division, marked as the 35'

division, on the lefthand side of the vernier
scale coincides with a division on the main
scale.

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Optical Bevel Protractor

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SINE BAR

Measuring Unknown Angles with Sine

Bar

The actual angle in ‘degrees’ is given by sine−1 (h/L).

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Guidelines to be followed for proper

usage of the instrument:
1. It is not recommended to use sine bars for angles greater than 45°
because any error in the sine bar or height of slip gauges gets
accentuated.
2. Sine bars provide the most reliable measurements for angles less
than 15°.
3. The longer the sine bar, the better the measurement accuracy.
4. It is preferable to use the sine bar at a temperature recommended
by the supplier. The accuracy of measurement is influenced by the
ambient temperature.
5. It is recommended to clamp the sine bar and the work part against
an angle plate. This prevents misalignment of the workpiece with
the sine bar while making measurements.
6. One should always keep in mind that the sine principle can be put to
use provided the sine bar is used along with a high-quality surface
plate and set of slip gauges.

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ANGLE GAUGES

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• consider an angle 42°35′20'', which is to be built using

the 16-gauge set. Starting from degrees, the angle of
42° can be built by subtracting a 3° block from a 45°
block. The angle of 35' can be obtained by combining a
30' gauge with a 5' gauge. A 20" gauge is readily
available. The resulting combination is shown in Fig

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SPIRIT LEVEL