SOALAN STRUKTUR

1. The following information is about compound C2 H4 .

Maklumat berikut adalah mengenai sebatian C2H4.

 Gas at room temperature

Gas pada suhu bilik

 Undergoes combustion
Menjalani pembakaran

 Member of a homologous series

Ahli suatu siri homolog

(a) What is the name of this compound?

Apakah nama bagi sebatian ini?

.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(b) State the general formula and the functional group for the homologous series of this
compound.
Nyatakan formula am dan kumpulan berfungsi bagi siri homologous sebatian ini?

.......................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 mark]

(c) Compound C2H4 burns in excess oxygen. Write the chemical equation for this reaction.
Sebatian C2H4 terbakar dalam oksigen berlebihan.Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak
balas ini.

.......................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 mark]

(d) Ethanol undergoes dehydration to produce compound C2H4.

Etanol mengalami pendehidratan untuk menghasilkan sebatian C2H4.

(i) Name one dehydrating agent for this reaction.

Namakan satu agen pendehidartan bagi tindak balas ini.
 ............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the apparatus set-up diagram for thedehydration reaction that can be used
to collect compound C2H4.
Lukiskan gambar rajah susunan radas untuk tindak balas pendehidratan yang
boleh digunakan untuk mengumpul sebatian C2H4

[2 marks]
[2 mark]

(e) Table 1 shows the results of a test to differentiate between compound C2H4and ethane.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan ujian untuk membezakan antara sebatian C2H4 dan
etana.

Procedure Observations
Prosedur Pemerhatian
Compound C2H4 flow into bromine water Brown colour is decolourised
Sebatian C2H4dialirkan kedalam air Warna perang dinyahwarnakan
bromin
Ethane flow into bromine water Brown colour remains
Etana dialirkan ke dalam air bromin Warna perang tidak berubah

Table 1
Jadual 1

(i) Explain why there is a difference in this observations.

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan dalam pemerhatian
 ............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the structural formula of the compound formed when compound C2H4 is
added into bromine water.
Lukis formula struktur bagi sebatian yang terbentuk apabila sebatian C2H4
dialirkan ke dalam air bromin

[1 mark]
[1 mark]
1 Figure shows the set up of the apparatus for an experiment to investigate electron transfer at a
distance.
Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pemindahan
elektron pada satu jarak.

Electrode P Electrode Q

Iron (II) sulphate Bromine water

solution

Sulphuric acid

Based on Figure, answer the following questions.

Berdasarkan Rajah, jawab soalan-soalan berikut.

(a) Draw the flow of electron in Figure 5.

Lukiskan arah aliran elektron dalam Rajah 5.
[1 mark]
(b) State the function of sulphuric acid.
Nyatakan fungsi asid sulfurik.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
(c) State the observations for iron(II) sulphate solution and bromine water.
Nyatakan pemerhatian untuk larutan ferum(II) sulfat dan air bromin.

Solution Observation
Larutan Pemerhatian

Iron(II) sulphate

Bromine water

[2 marks]
(d) Write the half equation for the reactions that occur at electrode P and Q.
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku pada elektrod P dan Q

(i) Electrode P : ………………………………………………………………..

(ii) Electrode Q : ………………………………………………………….…….

[2 marks]

(e) State the oxidising agent and the reducing agent.

Nyatakan agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan.

(i) Oxidising agent :

Agen pengoksidaan: ……………………………………………………………….

(ii) Reducing agent:

Agen penurunan……………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(f) State the change of oxidation number for iron in iron(II) sulphate solution.
Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi ferum dalam larutan
ferum(II) sulfat.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(g) Name one chemical substance that can be used to replace bromine water.
Namakan satu bahan kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan air bromin.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
SOALAN ESEI

1 Diagram 1 shows how compound Y is formed from an alkene W. Then compound Y react
with alcohol X to produce ester Z.
Rajah 1menunjukkan bagaimana sebatian Y terbentuk daripada alkena W.Kemudian
sebatian Y bertindak balas dengan alkohol X menghasilkan ester Z.

Alkene W + H2O Alcohol X K2Cr2O7 Compound Y

Alkena W Alkohol X Sebatian Y

H3PO4 , 3000C,60 atm

Ester Z

Ester Z
Diagram 1
Rajah 1

(a) (i) Name one alkene that has less than five carbon atoms.
Write its molecular formula
Namakansatu alkena yang mempunyai kurang daripada lima atom karbon.
Tulis formula molekulnya.
[2 marks]

(ii) Based on the answer in 1 (a) (i), state the name of alcohol X and compound Y.
Berdasarkan jawapan di 1(a) (i), nyatakan nama bagi alkohol X dan sebatian
Y.
[2 marks]

(iii) Write the chemical equation and state the observation for the reaction
between alcohol X and potassium dichromate, K2Cr2O7 to produce compound
Y that you named in (a) (ii).
Tuliskan persamaan kimia dan nyatakan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas antara
alkohol X dan kalium dikromat, K2Cr2O7 untuk menghasilkan sebatian Y yang
anda namakan di (a) (ii).
[3 marks]
 (b) (i) By using alcohol X and compound Y that you named in (a) (ii), describe the
preparation of ester Z in the laboratory.
In your description, include the chemical equation for the reaction.
Dengan menggunakan alkohol X dan sebatian Y yang anda namakan di (a)
(ii), huraikan penyediaan ester Z di dalam makmal.
Dalam huraian anda, sertakan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
[5 marks]
(ii) Alkene W can be prepared from alcohol X.
Draw the set –up of apparatus for the preparation of the alkene W.
Alkena W boleh disediakan daripada alkohol X.
Lukiskan susunan radas bagi penyediaan alkena W itu.
[2 marks]

(c) Table 1 shows the results of latex coagulation.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan pengumpalan getah.
Procedure Observations
Prosedur Pemerhatian
Compound Y is added to latex The latex coagulates immediately
Sebatian Y ditambah kepada susu getah Susu getah menggumpal dengan serta
merta.
Compound T is added to latex The latex does not coagulate within a
Sebatian T ditambah kepada suhu getah longer period.
Susu getah tidak menggumpal dalam
suatu tempoh yang lebih lama.
Latex is left under natural conditions The latex coagulates slowly.
Susu getah dibiarkan pada keadaan Susu getah menggumpal dengan
semulajadi perlahan.

Table 1
Jadual 1

Explain why there is a difference in these observations. Suggest the compound T.

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan pemerhatian itu. Cadangkan sebatian T itu.
[6 marks]
2.(a) Define the oxidation and reduction processes in terms of the change in the oxidation
number.
Takrifkan proses pengoksidaan dan penurunan dari segi perubahan nombor
pengoksidaan. [2
marks]

(b) By using a suitable example, explain why each of the following reactions is not a redox
reaction.
Dengan menggunakan contoh yang sesuai, terangkan mengapa tindak balas- tindak
balas berikut adalah bukan tindak balas redoks.

(i) Neutralisation reaction

Tindak balas peneutralan

(ii) Precipitation reaction

Tindak balas pemendakan
[6 marks]

(c) Diagram 8 shows the changes involving iron(III) chloride solution.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan perubahan-perubahan yang berlaku ke atas larutan ferum(III)
klorida.

Iron(III) chloride solution I Green solution II Brown solution

+ Zinc + Bromine water Larutan perang
Larutan ferum(III) klorida Larutan hijau
+ Zink + Air bromin
III + Magnesium

+ Magnesium
Colourless solution

Larutan tanpa warna

Diagram / Rajah 8

Explain the process I, II and III.

Your answer should consist of the followings :

Terangkan proses I, II dan III.

Jawapan anda haruslah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut :

 ionic equation
persamaan ion
 the substances that are oxidised and reduced
bahan yang dioksidakan dan diturunkan

 the substances act as oxidizing agent and reducing agent

bahan yang bertindak sebagai agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan
[12
marks]