Voicebox: Names of Parts in Sagittal Cross-Section

"There's 3 V's in your Voicebox":

Vestibular fold
Ventricle
Vocal fold
· Note: Vestibular and Vocal cord also known as false
and true cords respectively.

Cavernous Sinus Contents

O TOM CAT:
O TOM are lateral wall components, in order from
superior to inferior.
CA are the components within the sinus, from medial
to lateral. CA ends at the level of T from O TOM.
· See diagram.
Occulomotor nerve (III)
Trochlear nerve (IV)
Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Carotid artery
Abducent nerve (VI)
T: When written, connects to the T of OTOM.

Pterygoid Muscles: Function Of Lateral Vs. Medial

"Look at how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of 'Lateral' or 'Medial' ":
"La":your jaw is now open, so Lateral opens mouth.
"Me": your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mandible.

External Carotid Artery Branches

"Some Angry Lady Figured Out PMS":
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superificial temporal

"Some Anatomists Like Flowers, Others Prefer Squeeky Muscles."

Foramen Ovale Contents

MALE:
Mandibular nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary veins
Alternatively: also include Motor root of Trigeminal and Middle meningeal vein under 'M'.

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Superior Orbital Fissure: Structures Passing Through
"Lonely Fair Teenage Virgins Rarely Like Swallowing And Never
Ingest":
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Vein: ophthalmic
Ring: tendinous
· From the ring, arises:
Lateral rectus
Superior division III
Abducent nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior divison III

Facial Nerve Branches

"Tell Ziggy Bob Marley Called":
· From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
· Alternatively: "Two Zombies Bit My Cat".
· Alternatively: "To Zanzibar By Motor Car".
· Alternatively: "Tall Zulus Bear Many Children"

Carotid Sheath Contents

"I See 10 CC's in the IV":
I See (I.C.) = Internal Carotid artery
10 = CN 10 (Vagus nerve)
CC = Common Carotid artery
IV = Internal Jugular Vein

Foramen Ovale Contents

OVALE:
Otic ganglion (just inferior)
V3 cranial nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary veins

Orbit: Bones Of Medial Wall

"My Little Eye Sits in the orbit":
Maxilla (frontal process)
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid (body)

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Facial Nerve: Branches After Stylomastoid Foramen
"Ten Zulus Buggered My Cat (Painfully)":
· From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
(Posterior auricular nerve)
· Alternatively:
"PAssing Through Zanzibar By Motor Car"
(PA for Posterior Auricular).

Superior Orbital Fissure: Structures Passing Through

"Lay French Tarts Lie Naively In Anticipation Of Spring":
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Lateral nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Internal nerve
Abducens nerve
Ophthalmic veins
Sympathetic nerves

CN VII Innervated Muscles (Branchial Arch 2 Derivatives)

"Imagine someone making the facial expression to say 'PSS...' ":
Facial expression muscles
Posterior belly of digastric
Stapedius
Stylohyoid

Thyroids: Relative Sizes

Thyroid looks like a bra.
Breasts are bigger in women, so
thyroid bigger in women.
Pregnant women have biggest
breasts of all, so they have the
biggest thyroids.

Facial Bones
"Virgil Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh!":
Vomer
Conchae
Nasal
Maxilla
Mandible
Palatine
Zygomatic
Lacrimal

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Nasal Cavity Components
"Never Call Me Needle Nose!":
Nares [external]
Conchae
Meatuses
Nares [internal]
Nasopharynx
· Note mnemonic sentence is nasally-related.

Internal Jugular Vein: Tributaries

"Medical Schools Let Capitalist People In":
· From inferior to superior:
Middle thyroid
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Common facial
Pharyngeal
Inferior petrosal sinus

Cricoarytenoids: Abductor Vs. Adductor

When aliens abduct you, they Probe you.
Posterior cricoarytenoids abduct. Lateral therefore is adduct by default.

Trigeminal Nerve: Where Branches Exit Skull

"Sleeping Room Only":
Superior orbital fissure is V1
foramen Rotundum is V2
foramen Ovale is V3

Lingual Nerve Course

The Lingual nerve
Took a curve
Around the Hyoglossus.
"Well I'll be ruined!"
Said Wharton's Duct,
"The bastard's gone and crossed us!"

External Carotid Artery Branches

"Suzy Always Lays Flat On Pillows
Making Sleep Terrific":
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superificial Temporal

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Scalp Layers
SCALP:
· From superficial to deep:
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium

V3 Innervated Muscles
"My A$$ Meets The Toilet":
Mylohyoid
Anterior digastric
Muscles of Mastication
Tensor veli palatini
Tensor tympani

Cranial Bones
"Fraternity Parties Occasionally Teach Spam Etiquette":
· The first two letters of each bone:
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

Superior Thyroid Artery Branches

"May I Softly Squeeze Charlie's Girl?":
Muscular
Infrahyoid
Superior laryngeal
Sternomastoid
Cricothyroid
Glandular

External Carotid Artery Branches

" Sister Lucy's Powdered Face Often Attracts Sick Men ":
· Before entering the parotid gland:
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Posterior auricular
Facial
Occipital
Ascending pharyngeal
· Ends as:
Superficial temporal and
Maxillary bifurcating in the in the parotid gland

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Skull Bones
"STEP OF 6 "
· The 6 skull bones are:
Sphenoid
Temporal
Ethmoid
Parietal
Occipital
Frontal
· Alternatively: "STEP OFf my skull".

V3 Innervated Muscles (Branchial Arch 1 Derivatives)

"M.D. My TV":
Mastication [masseter, temporalis, pterygoids]
Digastric [anterior belly]
Mylohyoid
tensor Tympani
tensor Veli palatini

External Carotid Artery Branches

"Some Aberdeen Ladies Fart, Others Prefer Mangoes Sweet":
· From inferior to superior:
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superficial temporal

Cranial Bones
"PEST OF 6":
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
· The 6 just reminds that there's 6 of them to remember.

Pharynx Vs. Larynx

Eat Phood with your Pharynx. Sing La La La with your Larynx

Thyroid: Isthmus Location

"Rings 2,3,4 make the isthmus floor":
Isthmus overlies tracheal rings 2,3,4

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Maxillary Artery Branches
"DAM I AM Piss Drunk But Stupid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone
Alcoholics Anonymous":
Deep auricular
Anterior tympanic
Middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar
Accessory meningeal
Masseteric
Pterygoid
Deep temporal
Buccal
Sphenopalatine
Descending palatine
Infraorbital
Posterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar
Pharyngeal
Anterior superior alveolar
Artery of the pterygoid canal

Hyoid Bone: Muscle Attachments

"Cats, He Didn't Screw Girls Much. That's Obvious, Stupid":
· The first sentence is for 6 muscles attaching superiorly, the second sentence is for 3
muscles attaching inferiorly.
· Both sentences are in order from lateral to medial:
Constricter (middle)
Hyoglossus
Digastric
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Myloyoid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid

Cranial Bones
"Old Pygmies From Thailand Eat Skulls":
Occipital
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
· Note: 'skull-eating pygmies' helps remind that mnemonic is for the skull.
· Alternatively: "Old People From Texas Eat Spiders".
· Alternatively: "Prostitutes Offer Free Sex To Everyone".

V3: Sensory Branches

"Buccaneers Are Inferior Linguists":
Buccal
Auriculotemporal
Inferior alveolar
Lingual

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Foramen Spinosum: Location on Base of Skull
Foramen spinosum is adjacent to the spine of sphenoid.

Extraocular Muscles: Movements

"ObliqLiques cause lateral rotation of eyeball":
· Obliques cause lateral, all other rectii are medial rotators of the eyeball.
Action of the obliques is opposite to their names.
Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names.
Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.

Cervical Plexus: Arrangement of the Important Nerves

"GLAST":
· 4 compass points: clockwise from north on the right
side of neck:
Great auricular
Lesser occipital
Accessory nerve pops out between L and S
Supraclavicular
Transverse cervical

Face Muscles: Large Muscle Groups' Cranial Innervation

Mandibular nerve: Mastication.
Facial nerve: Facial expression.

Tonsils: The 3 Types

"PPL (people) have tonsils":
Pharyngeal
Palatine
Lingual

Scalp: Nerve Supply

GLASS:
Greater occipital/ Greater auricular
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital

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Ear: Bones of Inner Ear
Take a Hammer: Malleus
Hit an Indian Elephant: Incus
It puts its foot in a stirrup: Stapes
· Describes the shape, and relative position (from out to
in) of the inner ear bones.
· Alternatively: "Mailing Includes Stamps".

Cervical Vertebra: Landmarks at each level

"NoaH Told MariaH To Try Cervical Counting":
Nose (base), Hard palate: C1
Teeth: C2
Mandible, Hyoid bone: C3
Thyroid cartilage (upper): C4
Thyroid cartilage (lower): C5
Cricoid cartilage: C6
Cricoid cartilage (just below): C7

External Carotid Artery Branches

StApLE OPIS:
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
External maxillary (facial)
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Internal maxillary
Superficial temporal

Superior Orbital Fissure: Structures passing through

"Live Free To See Absolutely No Insult":

Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Superior branch of oculomotor nerve
Abducent nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior branch of oculomotor nerve

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Cartilage Derivatives of 1st Pharyngeal Arch (Mandibular)

"I'M A Super Sexy Guy" (or Girl):

Incus
Malleus
Anterior ligament of malleus
Spine of sphenoid
Sphenomandibular ligament
Genial tubercle of mandible

Ansa Cervicalis Nerves

"GHost THought SOmeone STupid SHot Irene":
Geniohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Superior Omohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Inferior omohyoid

External Carotid Artery Branches

"She Lay Flaccid As Olaf's SIPped.":
· From caudal to cephalad:
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Occipital
Superficial temporal
(Internal) maxillary
Posterior auricular
Extrinsic Muscles of Tongue [For Pro Soccer Fans]
"Paris St. Germain's Hour":
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
· PSG is a French soccer team (foreign), hence extrinsic comes to mind.

External Carotid Artery Branches

"Sally Ate Lots Of Fresh Produce March Through September":
Superior thyroid
Ascending laryngeal
Lingual
Occipital (O before F is an extremely common variation)
Facial
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Transverse facial
Superficial temporal

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External Carotid Artery Branches
"So Long For Acting Old Parenting Means Stability":
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Occiptal
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superficial temporal

Lacrimal Nerve Course

"Lacrimal's story of 8 L's":
Lacrimal nerve runs on Lateral wall of orbit above Lateral rectus, then Lets
communicating branch join in, then supplies Lacrimal gland, then Leaves it and supplies
Lateral upper eye Lid!

Extraocular Muscles Cranial Nerve Innervation

"LR6SO4 rest 3":
Lateral Rectus is 6th
Superior Oblique is 4th
rest are all 3rd cranial nerve

Balance Organs: Relative Position of Saccule vs. Utricle

"Your SAC is below U":
Saccule is below the Utricle.
· Note: "sac" is slang for male genitalia, and it thus down "below".

Eye Rotation by Oblique Muscles

"I Love S&M":
Inferior oblique: Lateral eye rotation.
Superior oblique: Medial eye rotation.

External Jugular Vein: Tributaries

PAST:
Posterior external jugular vein
Anterior jugular vein
Suprascapular vein
Transverse cervical vein

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