ENGINEERING IDEA

MEDIA IN ELT
LECTURER: PUAN SURI MIRA ANNISA SEMBIRING,S.Pd.,M.Hum.

COMPLETED BY

NAME : DEVI JULIANA SITOHANG

GRACIELA HARAITO TOGATOROP

INTAN YULANI SAGALA

SISNAWATI SITEPU

YOLANDA.B. SARAGIH

CLASS : DIK 17 B/ REGULER B 2017

ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT

LANGUAGE AND ART FACULTY

STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN

2019
 FOREWORD

Praise and gratitude to Almighty God, because of His blessing and grace so that we can
complete the paper of development of teaching media. In this task , we elaborate and explain
about the development of media that we remake based on the using of media in a teaching video
titled Video Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas X SMK – Expression of Congratulation from
tomy widiyanto youtube channel.
In the process of this discuss the matter of course writer need guidance, direction,
correction and suggestions, to the gratitude in which writers convey to Mom Puan Suri Mira
Annisa Sembiring,S.Pd,M.Hum Writers also realize this task is not perfect, but writers expect
criticism and constructive suggestion to make this assignment be better.

Hopefully this assignment be useful for us. Thank you.

Medan, 2018

Writers
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

I. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Media is everywhere; it has become a part of our daily life. People today are better
informed and more enlightened thanks to the service of the media. Media can be used in direct
instruction active learning teaching strategies and students projects. The kind of media have been
described by some experts, so to conclude all of them, we can said that media consist of: Visual
media, Audio media, Audio-visual media, Multimedia, and Media reality. Complaints about its
negative effects have been heard and even those who criticize media for its negative impact
cannot ignore the fact that media can be used as an effective tool to educate, inform and
entertain. Media in classroom are appropriate for triggering ideas, making difficult subject more
understandable, and for holding attention on important ideas. It should be lead students to
remember ideas by becoming more involved with them. What is not always obvious is that
students and also teachers firstly should know what media is and ways to think about it. Critical
skills in understanding media are extremely important, without them, the kind of media such as
film, video, record or slide presented in relation to a subject is only one dimensional.

Using digital media and audio-visual media for teaching English is needed because using
that media is effective to convey the learning topic for students. It also can attract student’s
attention to learning the topic that teacher teach, also these kind of media has more benefit than
manual media that teachers usually used. So, based on that opinion, we decide to develop a
digital media and audio-visual media to help teacher in teaching-learning process.
II. PROBLEM OF STUDY

How we develop teaching media to teach Expression of Congratulation for students in

Vocational high school grade X.

III. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

To elaborate and explain the teaching media development to teach Expression of
Congratulation for students in Vocational high school grade X.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

I. AUDIO VISUAL MEDIA

According to Heinich and Molenda (1986), the term of media refers to anything that
carrier information between a source and a receiver. Films, televisions, radios, audio recordings,
photographs, project visuals and printed materials are media which use in teaching learning
process. They are considered that instructional media when they are used to carry messages with
an instructional intent. According to Herlina (2014), teaching media can be classified into three
types, they are:
1) Audio aids, which consist of radio, magnetic, tape recorder, and language laboratory.
2) Visual aids, which consist of picture, chart spice men, blackboard/whiteboard, flash card,
flannel board, slide, projector, silent film strip projector and overhead projector.
3) Audio Visual aids which consist of television, video, tape recorder, sound fil strip projector,
sound motion projector and VCD player.

Researcher argues that media in this research is alternative in delivering message and
information in teaching process which can help students solve their problems in mastery their
pronunciation. Audio visual media is defined as anything that carrier information from visual and
audio. For example video, one of media types has been a media which receiver can get
information through eyesight and hearing.

II. DIGITAL MEDIA

In the past decade, classrooms have begun to shift away from textbooks, notebooks, pens
and pencils and toward electronic media. In college lecture halls, increasing numbers of students
are taking notes on laptops, and in high school classrooms, teachers are incorporating computers
and tablets into their lesson plans. While there are advantages to electronic media, a growing
number of studies show that some educational goals are better achieved using traditional pen and
paper methods. Thus, rather than rushing to digitize learning, teachers and administrators should
take a step back, consider their desired educational outcomes and assess the extent to which
digital media or paper supports the goals of a particular learning experience.

One obvious way in which paper and digital media differ is in the ease of accessing
external materials. On laptops, students have the ability to go online, which enables them to
access source material, supplemental information and online tutorials. This can help students
better understand lessons, and allows for a broader range of classroom activities than would
otherwise be possible. However, students with laptops can also access email, social media,
online games and other sources of distraction. While in theory students could resist these
diversions, studies have shown that most have tremendous difficulty doing so, and that these
sorts of competing demands on students’ attention can undermine information processing (c.f.
Atchley & Lane, 2014). As such, lessons that require focused attention may be better served
using paper, which is devoid of distractions, while lessons that require students to reference
external sources or rapidly sift through large quantities of information may benefit from laptop
use.

Paper and digital media also tend to encourage different ways of thinking about the
information presented. Students using paper tend to adopt a more concrete mindset (i.e., thinking
about how things are done), while those on computers are more likely to adopt an abstract
mindset (i.e., thinking about why things are done; Kaufman & Flanagan, 2016). This has several
implications. Most obviously, paper better supports students who are trying to learn or answer
questions about concrete details while computers better support students who are trying to gain a
broader or more general overview of the material. Moreover, students thinking at different levels
of abstraction focus on different features of texts and therefore accomplish different learning
goals. For example, in proofreading, a concrete mindset helps identify typos and low-level
grammatical errors, while an abstract mindset helps identify flaws in logical flow or consistency
of argument. Consequently, people are better at catching typos when using paper (Wharton-
Michael, 2008), but may be better at spotting content errors on computers. In sum, paper and
digital media require and engender different ways of thinking and therefore produce different
educational outcomes. Educators who are considering the adoption of digital media in their
classrooms should think through how these differences will interact with their learning goals and
lesson plans. Crucially, paper and digital media are not mutually exclusive; both can provide
tremendous value in the classroom. As such, educators should not be trying to determine which
medium to adopt, but rather when and how each medium can support classroom objectives.

CHAPTER III

DISCUSSION

I.THE USING OF MEDIA

As already said in our background of study, we decide to use digital and audio-visual
media to teach expression of congratulation for grade tenth in Vocational high school. The media
that we used is slides that contain the explanation of expression of congratulation and a video as
example to express the congratulation. Expression of congratulation is the expression that we use
to congratulate someone when they succeed in doing something. Expression of congratulation is
not just a theory/explanation but we need to apply it in our social life both in the form of oral and
written

.
 The learning objectives in this topic are:

Discussion and group learning activities in exponent learning are expected that students are
actively involved and responsible in expressing opinions, answering questions, giving advice and
criticism, and can:

1. Actively involved in learning texts about congratulations in accordance with the context of
their use.

2. Cooperate in group activities.

3. Tolerant to problem solving.

4. Understand congratulatory texts according to the context of their use

5. Understand the text about congratulations according to the context of their use.

6. Capturing the meaning of exposure to congratulatory texts in accordance with the context of
their use.

7. Arrange oral texts to explain, ask and respond to congratulations in accordance with the
context of their use.

8. Arrange written text to explain, say and about congratulations according to the context of their
use.

Based on the learning objectives above, we decide to make slides as a media to help
teacher and students achieve the learning objectives. With the slides that we prepared, we expect
that the media can make the learning-teaching process effectively more that when teacher use
manual media like write the explanation on the white board. It also can help teachers to manage
time more effectively and save teacher’s energy because if teacher use manual media, they need
more time and energy to explain/elaborate the learning topic. With the slides, we also expect that
the learning-teaching process more interesting, so they can interest and focus in learning topic.
As we know, expression of congratulation is a learning topic that students must apply in their
social life. It means, they need to know how to apply it. So, in the slide, we add a video that
contain how to convey the expression of congratulation. With this video, we expect that students
can get the illustration about the application of congratulation in social life, so they can apply it
by theirselves.

In the slides, first we add the learning objectives briefly to give the illustration to students
about the learning topic that they will learn and the purpose that they must achieve from the
learning-teaching process. After that, we add the explanation related to expression of
congratulation and how to respond it and also its example. Based on the explanation, we expect
student’s base comprehension about the topic with asking them to tell some expression of
congratulation and how to respond the expression of congratulation. And then, we will show the
expression of congratulation video as the example of expression of congratulation’s application.
After teachers convey and explain about all of the explanation, teacher will test student’s
comprehension with make a congratulation card. As the closing, teacher will conclude all of the
explanation. Also, students reflect the learning topic that has been done.
 CHAPTER IV

CLOSING

I. CONCLUSION

Media in teaching refers to anything which is used by teachers or students/learners to

facilitate the teaching-learning process. Using media engages students, aids students’ rentention
of knowledge, motivates interest in subject matter, and illustrates the relevance of many
concepts. One of the kinds of media is digital media and audio-visual media. The example of
these media is slides and video. To teach the learning topic that must be practiced or apply, these
media is useful and quite effective. It can attract students’ attention and help teachers to manage
time and save their energy. With these media, students can get the explanation and illustration
about expression of congratulation, how to respond expression of congratulation and the
application of expression of congratulation in social life. From the media, we expect students to
easily knowing the expression of congratulation and apply it properly in their social life