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Buildings and other structures that represent low risk to human life in the event of failure I
All buildings and other structures except those listed in Risk Categories I, III, and IV II
Buildings and other structures, the failure of which could pose a substantial risk to human
life. High economic impact, hazardous chemicals, toxic or explosive substances III
Earthquake Important
Risk Category
Factors
I 1.00
II 1.00
III 1.25
IV 1.50
Target Reliability
Conditional Probability of Failure
Conditional Probability of
Risk Category Failure Caused by the
MCER Shaking Hazard (%)
I & II 10
III 5
IV 2.5
New
Earthquake Maps
Surabaya
Earthquake Maps
Surabaya
Respons Spectra
New S1, MCER
Earthquake Maps
New SS, MCER
Earthquake Maps
Creating
Respons Spectra
Differences
With ASCE 7-16
Application of
Earthquake Maps
Sway Mechanism
Strong Column Weak Beam Concept
The seismic design of conventionally framed bridges and buildings relies on the
dissipation of earthquake-induced energy through inelastic (nonlinear) response in
selected components of the structural frame. Such response is associated with structural
damage that produces direct (capital) loss repair cost, indirect loss (possible closure,
rerouting, business interruption) and perhaps casualties (injuries, loss of life).
Traditional seismic analysis and design procedures do not permit the accurate
estimation of structural deformations and damage, making it very difficult to predict the
likelihood of direct and indirect losses and casualties.
Seismic Design
Strategies and Devices
Diaphragms: Floors and roofs can be used as rigid horizontal planes, or diaphragms, to
transfer lateral forces to vertical resisting elements such as walls or frames.
Shear Walls: Strategically located stiffened walls are shear walls and are capable of
transferring lateral forces from floors and roofs to the foundation.
Braced Frames: Vertical frames that transfer lateral loads from floors and roofs to
foundations. Like shear walls, Braced Frames are designed to take lateral loads but are
used where shear walls are impractical.
Base Isolation: This seismic design strategy involves separating the building from the
foundation and acts to absorb shock. As the ground moves, the building moves at a
slower pace because the isolators dissipate a large part of the shock
Seismic Devices
How it works
Note:
Response spectra method is linear
method, care should be made because
the seismic devices has nonlinear
behaviour
Seismic Devices
in SNI 1726-20xx
Analysis Procedures:
- Equivalent Lateral Forces , 4 storey or 19.8m
- Response Spectrum Analysis, with exceptions.
- Time History Analysis.
Product Testing.
specification of
seismic bearing
Note:
Parameters of rubber isolator were inputted
according to the specification from brochure
from.
In SAP2000, Rubber Isolator can be defined as
Link/Support Properties.
structural
model
Bearing
s
Type of model
Model 1 : the use of elastic bearing pad
Model 2 : the use of seismic bearing (OVM)
Spring
foundation
Fixed restraint
detail of structural model for four piles
spectral matching
for artificial time history
In order to obtain the nonlinear
behavior of link/support frame,
nonlinear time-history analysis must Artificial spectrum is
be carried out. scaled to the
response spectrum of New artificial
Jakarta time-history
The lack of time-history data for function
seismic in Indonesia, makes the
analysis by using spectral matching
software is indispensable.
Table 1 Summary of ultimate axial forces on spun pile Hysteresis Behavior of Seismic Bearing
20
Envelope Axial Percentage of
Direction Bearing Pad Seismic Bearing 15
Force (ton) Reduction (%)