YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

UNIT-I

1. Which equation below is used to determine the heat flux for conduction? [ A ]
A) –k 𝑑𝑇 B) h(T2-T1) C) εσ T4 D) None of them
𝑑𝑥
2. Which equation below is used to determine the heat flux for convection? [ B ]
A) –k 𝑑𝑇 B) h(T2-T1) C) εσ T4 D) None of them
𝑑𝑥
3. Which equation below is used to determine the heat flux emitted by thermal radiation from a
surface? [ C ]
A) –k 𝑑𝑇 B) h(T2-T1) C) εσ T 4
D) None of them
𝑑𝑥
4. Heat is energy in the process of being transferred from: [A ]
A) Hot objects to B) Low pressure to C) Cold objects to hot D) High pressure
cold objects high pressure objects to low
pressure
5. Which of the following is the poorest conductor of heat? [ A ]
A) Still air B) Water C) Ice D) Snow
A hot
6. 16 cm × 16 cm × 16 cm cubical iron block is cooled at an average rate of 80 W. The heat flux is [ B ]
2 2 2 2
A) 195 W/m B) 521 W/m C) 3125 W/m D) 7100 W/m
7. Heat is lost steadily through a 0.5-cm thick 2 m × 3 m window glass whose thermal conductivity
is 0.7 W/m⋅°C. The inner and outer surface temperatures of the glass are measured to be 12°C to
9°C. The rate of heat loss by conduction through the glass is [ D ]
A) 420 W B) 5040 W C) 17,600 W D) 2520 W
8. East wall of an electrically heated house is 6 m long, 3 m high, and 0.35 m thick, and it has an
effective thermal conductivity of 0.7 W/m°C. If the inner and outer surface temperatures of wall
are 15°C and 6°C, the rate of heat loss through the wall is [ A ]
A) 324 W B) 40 W C) 756 W D) 648 W
9. The variation of temperature in a plane wall is determined to be T(x)=65x+25 where x is in
meters and T is in °C. If the temperature at one surface is 38ºC, the thickness of the wall is [ C ]
A) 2 m B) 0.4 m C) 0.2 m D) 0.1 m
10. A 2.5-m-high, 4-m-wide, and 20-cm-thick wall of a house has a thermal resistance of
0.0125ºC/W. The thermal conductivity of the wall is [ C ]
A) 0.72 W/moC B) 1.1 W/moC C) 1.6 W/moC D) 16 W/moC
11. For a given heat flow and for the same thickness, the temperature drop across the material will be
maximum for [GATE-1996] [ C ]
A) Copper B) Steel C) Glass-wool D) Refractory
brick
12. A steel ball of mass 1kg and specific heat 0.4 kJ/kg is at a temperature of 60°C. It dropped into
1kg water at 20°C. The final steady state temperature of water is: [GATE-1998] [ A ]
A) 23.5°C B) 300°C C) 35°C D) 40°C
13. In descending order of magnitude, the thermal conductivity of [GATE-2001]
a. Pure iron, b. Liquid water,
c. Saturated water vapour, and d. Pure aluminium, can be arranged as [ C ]
A) a -b- c- d B) b -c- a- d C) d- a -b -c D) d –c- b -a
14. A copper block and an air mass block having similar dimensions are subjected to symmetrical
heat transfer from one face of each block. The other face of the block will be reaching to the same
temperature at a rate: [IES-2006] [ B ]
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

A) Faster in air B) Faster in copper C) Equal in air as well D) Cannot be

block block as copper block predicted with
the given
information
15. A furnace is made of a red brick wall of thickness 0.5 m and conductivity 0.7 W/mK. For the
same heat loss and temperature drop, this can be replaced by a layer of diatomite earth of
conductivity 0.14 W/mK and thickness [IES-1993] [ B ]
A) 0.05 m B) 0.1 m C) 0.2 m D) 0.5 m
16. Assertion A): The leakage heat transfer from the outside surface of a steel pipe carrying hot
gases is reduced to a greater extent on providing refractory brick lining on the inside of the pipe
as compared to that with brick lining on the outside.

Reason (R): The refractory brick lining on the inside of the pipe offers a higher thermal
resistance.[IES-2000] [ A]
A) Both A and R B) Both A and R C) A is true but R is D) A is false but
are true and R is are true but R is false R is true
the correct not correct
explanation of explanation of
A A
17. Assertion A): Hydrogen cooling is used for high capacity electrical generators. [IES-
1992]Reason (R): Hydrogen is light and has high thermal conductivity as compared to air. [ A]
A) Both A and R B) Both A and R C) A is true but R is D) A is false but
are true and R is are true but R is false R is true
the correct not correct
explanation of explanation of
A A
18. Assertion A): Non-metals are having higher thermal conductivity than metals. [IES-
2008]Reason (R): Free electrons In the metals are higher than those of non metals. [ D ]
A) Both A and R B) Both A and R C) A is true but R is D) A is false but
are true and R is are true but R is false R is true
the correct not correct
explanation of explanation of
A A
19. In which one of the following materials, is the heat energy propagation minimum due to
conduction heat transfer? [IES-2008] [ D]
A) Lead B) Copper C) Water D) Air
20. A wall of thickness 0.6 m has width has a normal area 1.5 m2 and is made up of material of
thermal conductivity 0.4 W/mK. The temperatures on the two sides are 800°C. What is the
thermal resistance of the wall[IES2006; 2007] [ C ]
A) 1 W/K B) 1.8 W/K C) 1 K/W D) 1.8 K/W
21. A composite wall of a furnace has 3 layers of equal thickness having thermal conductivities in the
ratio of 1:2:4. What will be the temperature drop ratio across the three respective layers?
[IES-2009] [ B]
A) B) C) D)
22. Which of the following statement is wrong? [ C]
A) The heat B) The amount of C) The thermal D) Logarithmic
transfer in liquid heat flow conductivity of mean
and gases takes through a body solid metals temperature
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

place according is dependent increases with rise difference is

to convection. upon the in temperature not equal to
material of the the arithmetic
body. mean
23. Thermal diffusivity is a [ B]
A) Function of B) Physical C) Dimensionless D) All of these
temperature property of a parameter
substance
24. The highest thermal diffusivity is of [B]
A) Iron B) Lead C) Concrete D) Wood
25. The heat transfer takes place according to [C]
A) Zeroth law of B) First law of C) Second law of D) Kirchhoff's
thermodynamics thermodynamics thermodynamics law
26. Thermal conductivity of water __________ with rise in temperature. [D]
A) Remains same B) Decreases C) Increases D) May increase
or decrease
depending
upon
temperature
27. Conduction is a process of heat transfer [A]
A) From one B) From one C) From a hot body to D) None of the
particle of the particle of the a cold body, in a above
body to another body to another straight line,
without the by the actual without affecting
actual motion of motion of the the intervening
the particles heated particles. medium
28. Thermal diffusivity of a substance is [ D]
A) Directly B) Inversely C) Inversely D) All of the
proportional to proportional to proportional to above
the thermal density of specific heat
conductivity substance
29. The lowest thermal diffusivity is of [ D]
A) Iron B) Lead C) Aluminium D) Rubber
30. Upto the critical radius of insulation [ A]
A) Added B) Added C) Convective heat D) Heat flux will
insulation will insulation will loss will be less decrease
increase heat decrease heat than conductive
loss loss heat loss
31. The critical thickness of insulation for a sphere is[IES-2008] [ B]
A) k/h B) 2k/h C) h/k D) h/2k
32. The process of heat transfer from one particle of the fluid to another by the actual movement of
the fluid particles caused by some mechanical means, is known as [ C]
A) Conduction B) Free convection C) Forced convection D) Radiation
33. Fourier's law of heat conduction gives the heat flow for [ C]
A) Irregular B) Non-uniform C) 1-D case only D) 2-D case only
surfaces temperature
surfaces
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

34. The transfer of heat by molecular collision is known as [B]

A) Conduction B) Convection C) Radiation D) None of these
35. An electric cable of aluminium conductor (k = 240 W/mK) is to be insulated with rubber (k =
0.15 W/mK). The cable is to be located in air (h = 6 W/m2K). The critical thickness of insulation
will be [A]
A) 25 mm B) 40 mm C) 160 mm D) 800 mm
36. A furnace is made of a red brick wall of thickness 0.5 m and conductivity 0.7 W/mK. For the
same heat loss and temperature drop, this can be replaced by a layer of diatomite earth of
conductivity 0.14 W/mK and thickness [B]
A) 0.5 m B) 0.1 m C) 0.2 m D) 0.5 m
37. Which one of the following expresses the thermal diffusivity?[IES-2006] [C ]
A) k2ρc B) 1/ kρc C) k/ρc D) ρc/k2
38. Thermal diffusivity of a substance is[IES-2006] [ B ]
A) Inversely B) Directly C) Directly D) Inversely
proportional to proportional to proportional to the proportional to
thermal thermal square of thermal the square of
conductivity conductivity conductivity thermal
conductivity
2
39. For a current wire of 20 mm diameter exposed to air (h = 20 W/m K), maximum heat
dissipation occurs when thickness of insulation (k = 0.5W/mK ) is:[Gate -1999] [ B ]
A) 20 mm B) 25 mm C) 15 mm D) 10 mm
40. What is the critical radius of insulation for a cylinder[IES-2008] [ A ]
A) k/h B) 2k/h C) h/k D) h/2k
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

UNIT-II

1. The fin efficiency is defined as the ratio of the actual heat transfer from the fin to [ C]
A) The heat transfer from the same fin with an adiabatic tip
B) The heat transfer from an equivalent fin which is infinitely long
C) The heat transfer from the same fin if the temperature along the entire length of the
fin is the same as the base temperature
D) The heat transfer through the base area of the same fin
2. On heat transfer surface, fins are provided [ C]
A)To increase temperature gradient so as to enhance heat transfer
B)To increase turbulence in flow for enhancing heat transfer
C)To increase surface are to promote the rate of heat transfer
D)To decrease the pressure drop of the fluid
3. Usually fins are provided to increase the rate of heat transfer. But fins also act as
insulation. Which one of the following non-dimensional numbers decides this factor? [B]
A) Eckert number B) Biot number C) Fourier number D) Peclet number
4. A 1-cm-diameter, 30-cm long fin made of aluminum (k = 237 W/mºC) is attached to a
surface at 80ºC. The surface is exposed to ambient air at 22ºC with a heat transfer
2
coefficient of 11 W/m ºC. If the fin can be assumed to be very long, the rate of heat [D]
transfer from the fin is ]
A) 2.2 W B) 3.0 W C) 3.7 W D) 4.7 W
5. A cylindrical pin fin of diameter 0.6 cm and length of 3 cm with negligible heat loss
from the tip has an efficiency of 0.7. The effectiveness of this fin is [D ]
A) 0.3 B) 0.7 C) 2 D) 14
6. Two finned surfaces with long fins are identical, except that the convection heat
transfer coefficient for the first finned surface is twice that of the second one. What
statement below is accurate for the efficiency and effectiveness of the first finned
surface relative to the second one? [D ]
A) higher efficiency and higher effectiveness
B) higher efficiency but lower effectiveness
C) lower efficiency but higher effectiveness
D) lower efficiency and lower effectiveness
7. Provision of fins on a given heat transfer surface will be more if there are: [ C]
A) Fewer number of thick fins B) Fewer number of thin fins
C) Large number of thin fins D) Large number of thick fins
8. Which one of the following is correct? Fins are used to increase the heat transfer from
a surface by [IES-2008] [B ]
A) Increasing the temperature difference
B) Increasing the effective surface area
C) Increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient
D) None of the above
9. Fins are made as thin as possible to: [B ]
A) Reduce the total weight
B) Accommodate more number of fins
C) Increase the width for the same profile area
D) Improve flow of coolant around the fin
10. The value of Biot number is very small (less than 0.01) when [B ]
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

A) The convective resistance of the fluid is negligible

B) The conductive resistance of the fluid is negligible
C) The conductive resistance of the solid is negligible
D) None of these
11. A steel steam pipe 10 cm inner diameter and 11 cm outer diameter is covered with
insulation having the thermal conductivity of 1 W/mK. If the convective heat transfer
coefficient between the surface of insulation and the surrounding air is 8 W/m2K, then
critical radius of insulation is: [GATE-2000] [C ]
A) 10 cm B) 11 cm C) 12.5 cm D) 15 cm
12. It is proposed to coat a 1 mm diameter wire with enamel paint (k = 0.1 W/mK) to
increase heat transfer with air. If the air side heat transfer coefficient is 100 W/m 2K,
then optimum thickness of enamel paint should be: [GATE-1999] [ B]
A) 0.25 mm B) 0.5 mm C) 1 mm D) 2 mm
13. For a current wire of 20 mm diameter exposed to air (h = 20 W/m2K), maximum heat
dissipation occurs when thickness of insulation(k = 0.5W/mK) is:[GATE1993,1996] [B ]
A) 20 mm B) 25 mm C) 20 mm D) 10 mm
14. Upto the critical radius of insulation [C]
A) Convection heat loss will be less than conduction heat loss
B) Heat flux will decrease
C) Added insulation will increase heat loss
D) Added insulation will decrease heat loss
15. The units for the heat transfer coefficient is ------- [C ]
2 2
A) W/ mk B) W/m C) W/m k D) W/m
16. Assertion A): Addition of insulation to the inside surface of a pipe always reduces
heat transfer rate and critical radius concept has no significance.
Reason (R): If insulation is added to the inside surface, both surface resistance and
internal resistance increase[IES-1995] [A ]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
17. A fin has 5mm diameter and 100 mm length. The thermal conductivity of fin material
is 400 Wm−1K−1. One end of the fin is maintained at 130ºC and its remaining surface
is exposed to ambient air at 30ºC. If the convective heat transfer coefficient is
40 Wm-2K-1, the heat loss (in W) from the fin is: [GATE-2010] [ B]
A) 0.08 B) 5.0 C) 7.0 D) 7.8
18. On heat transfer surface, fins are provided [IES-2010] [ C]
A) To increase temperature gradient so as to enhance heat transfer
B) To increase turbulence in flow for enhancing heat transfer
C) To increase surface are to promote the rate of heat transfer
D) To decrease the pressure drop of the fluid
19. Which one of the following is correct? The effectiveness of a fin will be maximum in
an environment with[IES-2008] [ A]
A) Free convection B) Forced convection
C) Radiation D) Convection and radiation
20. Usually fins are provided to increase the rate of heat transfer. But fins also act as
insulation. Which one of the following non-dimensional numbers decides this factor? [B ]
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

[IES-2007]
A) Eckert number B) Biot numberC) Fourier number D) Peclet number
21. Fins are made as thin as possible to: [IES-2010] [B ]
A) Reduce the total weight
B) Accommodate more number of fins
C) Increase the width for the same profile area
D) Improve flow of coolant around the fin
22. The critical radius is the insulation radius at which the resistance to heat flow is [ B]
A) Maximum B) MinimumC) Zero D) None of these
23. Which of the following would lead to a reduction in thermal resistance? [ D]
A) In conduction, reduction in the thickness of the material and an increase in thermal
conductivity.
B) In convection, stirring of the fluid and cleaning the heating surface.
C) In radiation, increasing the temperature and reducing the emissivity.
D)All of the above
24. When the temperature of the surrounding is higher than the temperature of the body,
then the heat loss by convection from the body to the surrounding will be [B ]
A) Positive B) NegativeC) Zero D) None of these
25. The thermal diffusivity for gases is generally __________ those for liquids. [ C]
A) Equal To B) Less ThanC) Greater Than D) None of these
26. The ratio of surface convection resistance to the internal conduction resistance is
known as [ B]
A) Grashoff number B) Biot number
C) Stanton number D) Prandtl number
27. The amount of heat flow through a body by conduction is [ D]
A) Directly proportional to the surface area of the body
B) Directly proportional to the temperature difference on the two faces of the body
C) Inversely proportional to the thickness of the body
D) All of the above
28. The heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body is directly proportional to the surface
area and difference of temperatures between the two bodies. This statement is called [ B]
A) First law of thermodynamics B) Newton's law of cooling
C) Newton's law of heating D) Zeroth law of thermodynamics
29. The process of heat transfer from one particle of the fluid to another by the actual
movement of the fluid particles due to difference of density caused by temperature of
the particle is known as [B ]
A) Conduction B) Free convection C) Forced convection D) Radiation
30. The overall coefficient of heat transfer is used in problems of [ D]
A) Conduction B) Convection
C) Radiation D) Conduction and convection
31. From a metallic wall at 100°C, a metallic rod protrudes to the ambient air. The
temperatures at the tip will be minimum when the rod is made of: [IES-1992] [B ]
A) Aluminium B) Steel C) Copper D) Silver
32. On heat transfer surface, fins are provided [IES-2010] [C ]
A) To increase temperature gradient so as to enhance heat transfer
B) To increase turbulence in flow for enhancing heat transfer
C) To increase surface are to promote the rate of heat transfer
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

D) To decrease the pressure drop of the fluid

33. Which one of the following is correct? The effectiveness of a fin will be maximum in
an environment with [IES-2008] [B ]
A) Free convection B)Forced convection
C) Radiation D)Convection and radiation
34. Provision of fins on a given heat transfer surface will be more it there are: [IES-1992] [C ]
A) Fewer number of thick fins B)Fewer number of thin fins
C) Large number of thin fins D)Large number of thick fins
35. Which one of the following is correct? Fins are used to increase the heat transfer
from a surface by [IES-2008] [B ]
A) Increasing the temperature difference
B) Increasing the effective surface area
C) Increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient
D) None of the above
36. Fins are made as thin as possible to: [IES-2010] [B ]
A) Reduce the total weight
B) Accommodate more number of fins
C) Increase the width for the same profile area
D) Improve flow of coolant around the fin
37. In order to achieve maximum heat dissipation, the fin should be designed in such a
way that:[IES-2005] [A ]
A) It should have maximum lateral surface at the root side of the fin
B) It should have maximum lateral surface towards the tip side of the fin
C) It should have maximum lateral surface near the centre of the fin
D) It should have minimum lateral surface near the centre of the fin
38. Assertion A): In a liquid-to-gas heat exchanger fins are provided in the gas side.
Reason (R): The gas offers less thermal resistance than liquid[IES-2002] [C ]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
39. Assertion A): Nusselt number is always greater than unity.
Reason (R): Nusselt number is the ratio of two thermal resistances, one the thermal
resistance which would be offered by the fluid, if it was stationary and the other, the
thermal resistance associated with convective heat transfer coefficient at the surface.
[IES-2001] [ A]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
40 Addition of fin to the surface increases the heat transfer if hA/ KP is: [IES-1996] [ C]
A) Equal to one B)Greater than one
C) Less than one D)Greater than one but less than two
41. The value of Biot number is very small (less than 0.01) when [GATE-2002] [C ]
A) The convective resistance of the fluid is negligible
B) The conductive resistance of the fluid is negligible
C) The conductive resistance of the solid is negligible
D) None of these
 YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

43. The ratio of Internal conduction resistance Surface convection resistance is known as
[IES-1992] [B ]
A)Grashoff numberB) Biot number
C) Stanton number D)Prandtl number
44. Which one of the following statements is correct? The curve for unsteady state
cooling or heating of bodies[IES-2004] [B ]
A) Parabolic curve asymptotic to time axis
B) Exponential curve asymptotic to time axis
C) Exponential curve asymptotic both to time and temperature axis
D) Hyperbolic curve asymptotic both to time and temperature axis
45. Assertion A): In lumped heat capacity systems the temperature gradient within the
system is negligible
Reason (R): In analysis of lumped capacity systems the thermal conductivity of the
system material is considered very high irrespective of the size of the system
[IES-2004] [A ]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
46. A thermocouple in a thermo-well measures the temperature of hot gas flowing
through the pipe. For the most accurate measurement of temperature, the thermo-well
should be made of:[IES-1997] [A ]
A) Steel B)Brass C) Copper D)Aluminium

UNIT-III

1. In natural convection Nusselt number is a function of [A ]

A) Reynolds number and Prandtl number B) Weber number and Reynolds number
C) Grashoff’s number and Prandtl number D) Weber number and Prandtl number
2. The Prandtl number for gases lies between [A ]
A) 0.65 to 1 B) 5 to 50 C) 60 to 100 D) 110 to 150
3. The heat transfer in cooling tower takes place mainly by [ B]
A) Radiation B) Convective cooling
C) Evaporative D)None of the above
4. Nusselt number in case of forced convection is a function of [B ]
A)Reynold and grasshoffnumber B) Prandtl and grashoff number
C) Prandtl and Reynold’s number D)None of the above
5. The number which plays significant role in natural convection is [ B ]
A) Weber B) Grashoff C) Nusselt D) None of the above
6. The heat transferred from the outer surface of insulated steam pipe to the surroundings
still air is by [B ]
A) Conduction B) Convection C) Radiation D)By all the above
7. Pecelet number is a ratio of two non-dimensional numbers from the following groups [C ]
A)Reynold and schemdit B) Prandtl and weber
C) Reynold and prandtl D)Weber and schemdit
8. The ______ number is a significant dimensionless parameter for forced convection [ A]
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

and the _____ number is a significant dimensionless parameter for natural convection
A) Reynolds, GrashofB) Reynolds, Mach
C) Reynolds, Eckert D)Reynolds, Schmidt
9. For the same initial conditions, one can expect the laminar thermal and momentum
boundary layers on a flat plate to have the same thickness when the Prandtl number of
the flowing fluid is [C ]
A)Close TO ZERO B) Small C) Approximately ONE D) Large
10. One can expect the heat transfer coefficient for turbulent flow to be ____ for laminar
flow [C ]
A) less than B) Same as C) Greater than D) Zero
11. The properties of mercury at 300 K are: density = 13529 kg/m3, specific heat at
constant pressure = 0.1393 kJ/kg-K, dynamic viscosity = 0.1523 × 10-2 N.s/m2 and
thermal conductivity = 8.540 W/mK. The Prandtl number of the mercury at 300 K is:
[GATE-2002] [B]
A) 0.0248 B) 2.48 C) 24.8 D) 248
12. If velocity of water inside a smooth tube is doubled, then turbulent flow heat transfer
coefficient between the water and the tube will:[GATE-1999] [ C]
A) Remain unchanged
B) Increase to double its value
C) Increase but will not reach double its value
D) Increase to more than double its value
13. A sphere, a cube and a thin circular plate, all made of same material and having same
mass are initially heated to a temperature of 250oC and then left in air at room
temperature for cooling. Then, which one of the following is correct? [IES-2008] [D ]
A) All will be cooled at the same rate
B) Circular plate will be cooled at lowest rate
C) Sphere will be cooled faster
D) Cube will be cooled faster than sphere but slower than circular plate
14. A thin flat plate 2 m by 2 m is hanging freely in air. The temperature of the
surroundings is 25°C. Solar radiation is falling on one side of the rate at the rate of 500
W/m2. The temperature of the plate will remain constant at 30°C, if the convective
heat transfer coefficient (in W/m2 °C) is: [IES-1993] [ B]
A) 25 B) 50 C) 100 D) 200
15. Air at 20°C blows over a hot plate of 50 × 60 cm made of carbon steel maintained at
220°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient is 25 W/m2K. What will be the heat
loss from the plate? [IES-2009] [ A]
A) 1500W B) 2500 W C) 3000 W D) 4000 W
16. For calculation of heat transfer by natural convection from a horizontal cylinder,
what is the characteristic length in Grashof Number? [IES-2007] [ A]
A) Diameter of the cylinder
B.)Length of the cylinder
C)Circumference of the base of them cylinder
D) Half the circumference of the base of the cylinder
17. Assertion A): A slab of finite thickness heated on one side and held horizontal will
lose more heat per unit time to the cooler air if the hot surface faces upwards when
compared with the case where the hot surface faces downwards.
Reason (R): When the hot surface faces upwards, convection takes place easily [A ]
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

whereas when the hot surface faces downwards, heat transfer is mainly by conduction
through air. [IES-1996]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
18. Which one of the following numbers represents the ratio of kinematic viscosity to the
thermal diffusivity? [IES-2005] [B ]
A) Grashoff number B) Prandtl number
C) Mach number D) Nusselt number
19. Nusselt number for a pipe flow heat transfer coefficient is given by the equation NuD =
4.36. Which one of the following combinations of conditions does exactly apply for
use of this equation? [IES-2004] [ D]
A) Laminar flow and constant wall temperature
B) Turbulent flow and constant wall heat flux
C) Turbulent flow and constant wall temperature
D) Laminar flow and constant wall heat flux
20. For steady, uniform flow through pipes with constant heat flux supplied to the
wall, what is the value of Nusselt number? [ A]
A) 48/11 B) 11/48 C) 24/11 D) 11/24
21. Assertion A): All analyses of heat transfer in turbulent flow must eventually rely on
experimental data.
Reason (R): The eddy properties vary across the boundary layer and no adequate
theory is available to predict their behaviour.[IES-2000] [ A]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
22. In free convection heat transfer transition from laminar to turbulent flow is governed
by the critical value of the [D ]
A) Reynold's number
B) Grashoff's number
C) Reynold's number, Grashoff's number
D) Prandtl number, Grashoff's number
23. The thickness of thermal and hydrodynamic boundary layer is equal if Prandtl number
is [ A]
A) Equal to one B) Greater than one
C) Less than one D) Equal to Nusselt number
24. Free convection flow depends on [D ]
A) Density B) Coefficient of viscosity
C) Gravitational force D) All of these
25. The ratio of Nusselt number and the product of Reynold's number and Prandtl number
is equal to [ A]
A) Stanton number B) Biot number
C) Peclet number D) Grashoff number
26. In case of liquids and gases, the heat transfer takes place according to [ B]
A) Conduction B) ConvectionC) Radiation D) None of these
27. According to Newton's law of cooling, the heat transfer from a hot body to a cold [ D]
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

body is
A) Directly proportional to the surface area
B) Directly proportional to the difference of temperatures between the two bodies
C) Either A) or (b)
D) Both A) and (b)
28. Reynolds number is the ratio of [C ]
A) Energy transferred by convection to that by conduction
B) Kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity
C) Inertia force to viscous force
D) None of the above
29. The rato of energy transferred by convection to that by conduction is called [ B]
A)Stanton number B) Nusselt number C)Biot number D) Peclet number
30. The heat is transferred by conduction, convection and radiation in [ B]
A) Melting of ice B) Boiler furnaces
C) Condensation of steam in condenser D) None of these
31. The unit of overall coefficient of heat transfer is [A ]
A) W/m2K B) W/m2 C) W/mK D) W/m
32. The product of Reynolds number and Prandtl number is known as [ C]
A) Stanton number B) Biot number
C) Peclet number D) Grashoff number
33. For calculation of heat transfer by natural convection from a horizontal cylinder, what
is the characteristic length in GrashofNumber?[IES-2007] [A ]
A) Diameter of the cylinder
B)Length of the cylinder
C) Circumference of the base of the cylinder
D)Half the circumference of the base of the cylinder
34. The ratio of Internal conduction resistance Surface convection resistance is known as
[IES-1992] [B ]
A)Grashoff number B)Biot number
C) Stanton number D)Prandtl number
35. Which one of the following statements is correct? The curve for unsteady state cooling
or heating of bodies[IES-2004] [ B ]
A) Parabolic curve asymptotic to time axis
B)Exponential curve asymptotic to time axis
C) Exponential curve asymptotic both to time and temperature axis
D)Hyperbolic curve asymptotic both to time and temperature axis
36. For the fully developed laminar flow and heat transfer in a uniformly heated long
circular tube, if the flow velocity is doubled and the tube diameter is halved, the heat
transfer coefficient will be:[IES-2000] [A]
A) Double of the original value B)Half of the original value
C) Same as before D)Four times of the original value
37. Assertion A): According to Reynolds analogy for Prandtl number equal to unity,
Stanton number is equal to one half of the friction factor.
Reason (R): If thermal diffusivity is equal to kinematic viscosity, the velocity and the
temperature distribution in the flow will be the same. [IES-2001] [D ]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B)Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
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SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

C) A is true but R is false

D)A is false but R is true
38. The Nusselt number is related to Reynolds number in laminar and turbulent flows
respectively as[IES-2000] [B ]
A) Re-1/2 and Re0.8 B)Re1/2 and Re0.8
C) Re-1/2 and Re-0.8D)Re1/2 and Re-0.8
39. In free convection heat transfer transition from laminar to turbulent flow is governed
by the critical value of the IES-1992 [D ]
A) Reynolds number B) Grashoff's number
C) Reynolds number, Grashoff number D) Prandtl number, Grashoff number
40. Which one of the following numbers represents the ratio of kinematic viscosity to the
thermal diffusivity? IES-2005 [ B]
A) Grashoff number B) Prandtl number
C) Mach number D) Nusselt number

UNIT-IV

1. Drop wise condensation occurs on a ……….. surface [B]

A) Rough B) Oily C) Coated D)Glazed
2. NTU method is used in the design of heat exchanger when [C ]
A)The outlet temperatures of both fluids are not known
B)The outlet temperatures of both fluids are known
C)Inlet temperatures of both fluids are known
D) The outlet temperature of one fluid is known and other fluid is not known
3. The multiple-pass heat-exchanger is used [A]
A)To increase the rate of heat transfer B)To reduce the pressure loss
C)To increase the heat transfer coefficient D)All the above
4. The NTU of an heat exchanger is given by [C ]
A)ACmin/U B) U/ACmin C)AU/Cmin D)Cmin/AU
5. In parallel flow heat exchanger [C ]
A) Both fluids at inlet are at hottest states
B) Both the fluids at inlet are at coldest states
C) Hot fluid is at hottest state and cold fluid is at coldest state
D) None of the above
6. In case of counter flow heat exchanger [ B]
A) The outlet temperature of cold fluid is always higher than outlet temperature of
hot-fluid
B) The outlet temperature of cold fluid is always lower than outlet temperature of
hot-fluid
C) The outlet temperature of cold fluid is always equal to outlet temperature of hot-
fluid
D) The outlet temperature of cold fluid may be lower, equal or higher than outlet
temperature of hot-fluid
7. A correction factor for LMTD is used for a [ B]
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SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

A ) parallel flow heat exchanger B )Cross flow heat exchanger

C ) Counter flow heat exchanger D) All of the above
8. LMTD in case of counter-flow heat exchanger compared with parallel flow, when
inlet temperatures of both fluids [ C]
A) Less B) More C) Same D) Unpredictable
9. In free convection heat transfer transition from laminar to turbulent flow is governed
by the critical value of the IES-1992 [D]
A) Reynolds number B) Grashoff's number
C) Reynolds number, Grashoff number D)Prandtl number, Grashoff number
10. Which one of the following numbers represents the ratio of kinematic viscosity to the
thermal diffusivity? IES-2005 [ B]
A)Grashoff number B)Prandtl number
C) Mach number D)Nusselt number
11. Consider the following phenomena: [IES-1997]
1. Boiling 2. Free convection in air
3. Forced convection 4. Conduction in air
Their correct sequence in increasing order of heat transfer coefficient is: [ A]
A) 4, 2, 3, 1 B) 4, 1, 3, 2 C) 4, 3, 2, 1 D) 3, 4, 1, 2
12. Consider the following statements regarding condensation heat transfer:
1. For a single tube, horizontal position is preferred over vertical position for better
heat transfer.
2. Heat transfer coefficient decreases if the vapour stream moves at high velocity.
3. Condensation of steam on an oily surface is dropwise.
4. Condensation of pure benzene vapour is always drop wise. Of these statements
[IES-1996] [C ]
A) 1 and 2 are correct B)2 and 4 are correct
C) 1and 3 are correct D) 3 and 4 are correct.
13. When all the conditions are identical, in the case of flow through pipes with heat
transfer, the velocity profiles will be identical for: [IES-1997] [ A]
A)Liquid heating and liquid cooling B) Gas heating and gas cooling
C) Liquid heating and gas cooling D) Heating and cooling of any fluid
14. Drop wise condensation usually occurs on [IES-1992] [C ]
A) Glazed surface B) Smooth surface C) Oily surface D) Coated surface
15. In spite of large heat transfer coefficients in boiling liquids, fins are used
advantageously when the entire surface is exposed to: [IES-1994] [ B]
A) Nucleate boiling B) Film boiling
C)Transition boiling D) All modes of boiling
16. When a liquid flows through a tube with sub-cooled or saturated boiling, what is the
process known? [IES-2009] [D ]
A) Pool boiling B) Bulk boiling
C) Convection boiling D) Forced convection boiling
17. Consider the following statements:
1. If a condensing liquid does not wet a surface drop wise, then condensation will take
place on it.
2. Drop wise condensation gives a higher heat transfer rate than film-wise
condensation.
3. Reynolds number of condensing liquid is based on its mass flow rate.
4. Suitable coating or vapour additive is used to promote film-wise condensation. [D ]
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

Of these statements[IES-1998]
A) 1 and 2 are correctB) 2, 3 and 4 are correct
C) 4 alone is correct D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
18. Assertion A): Even though drop wise condensation is more efficient, surface
condensers are designed on the assumption of film wise condensation as a matter of
practice.
Reason (R): Dropwise condensation can be maintained with the use of promoters like
oleic acid.[IES-1995] [ B]
A)Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B)Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C)A is true but R is false
D)A is false but R is true
19. Assertion A): Drop-wise condensation is associated with higher heat transfer rate as
compared to the heat transfer rate in film condensation.
Reason (R): In drop condensation there is free surface through which direct heat
transfer takes place. [IES-2009] [A ]
A)Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B)Both A and R individually true but R in not the correct explanation of A
C)A is true but R is false
D)A is false but R is true
20. Consider the following statements: The effect of fouling in a water-cooled steam
condenser is that it
1. Reduces the heat transfer coefficient of water.
2. Reduces the overall heat transfer coefficient.
3. Reduces the area available for heat transfer.
4. Increases the pressure drop of water
Of these statements:[IES-1997] [B ]
A) 1, 2 and 4 are correct B) 2, 3 and 4 are correct
C) 2 and 4 are correct D) 1 and 3 are correct
21. For the same inlet and outlet temperatures of hot and cold fluids, the Log Mean
Temperature Difference (LMTD) is: [GATE-2002] [B ]
A)Greater for parallel flow heat exchanger than for counter flow heat exchanger.
B)Greater for counter flow heat exchanger than for parallel flow heat exchanger.
C)Same for both parallel and counter flow heat exchangers.
D)Dependent on the properties of the fluids.
22. The automobile radiator is a heat exchanger of [ C]
A) Parallel flow type B)Counter flow type
C)Cross flow type D)Regenerator type
23. Fouling factor is used [A ]
A)In heat exchanger design as a safety factor
B)In case of Newtonian fluids
C)When a liquid exchanges heat with a gas
D)None of the above
24. The natural convection air cooled condensers are used in [ A]
A) Domestic refrigerators B)Water coolers
C) Room air conditioners D)All of these
25. The use of heat exchangers is made in [ D]
A)Radiators in automobile
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

B)Condensers and boilers in steam plants

C)Condensers and evaporators in refrigeration and air conditioning units
D)All of the above
26. In a heat exchanger with one fluid evaporating or condensing, the surface area
required is least in [D ]
A)Parallel flow B) Counter flow
C) Cross flow D)All of these
27. In a shell and tube heat exchanger, baffles are provided on the shell side to [D ]
A)Improve heat transfer
B)Provide support for tubes
C)Prevent stagnation of shell side fluid
D)All of these
28. In counter-current flow heat exchangers [ A]
A)Both the fluids at inlet are in their hottest state
B)Both the fluids at inlet are in their coldest state
C)Both the fluids at exit are in their hottest state
D)One fluid is coldest and the other is hottest at inlet
29. The burnout heat flux in the nucleate boiling regime is a function of which of the
following properties?
1. Heat of evaporation
2. Temperature difference
3. Density of vapour
4. Density of liquid
5. Vapour-liquid surface tension
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Codes:[IES-1993] [C]
A) 1, 2, 4 and 5 B)1, 2, 3 and 5 C) 1, 3, 4 and 5 D)2, 3 and 4
30. Assertion A): If the heat fluxes in pool boiling over a horizontal surface is increased
above the critical heat flux, the temperature difference between the surface and liquid
decreases sharply.
Reason (R): With increasing heat flux beyond the value corresponding to the critical
heat flux, a stage is reached when the rate of formation of bubbles is so high that they
start to coalesce and blanket the surface with a vapour film.[IES-2003] [ D]
A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B)Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D)A is false but R is true
31. For film-wise condensation on a vertical plane, the film thickness δand heat transfer
coefficient h vary with distance x from the leadingedge as[IES-2010] [C ]
A)δ decreases, h increases B)Both δ and h increase
C)δ increases, h decreases D)Both δ and h decrease
32. Saturated steam is allowed to condense over a vertical flat surface and the condensate
film flows down the surface. The local heat transfer coefficient for condensation
[IES-1999] [B ]
A) Remains constant at all locations of the surface
B)Decreases with increasing distance from the top of the surface
C) Increases with increasing thickness of condensate film
D)Increases with decreasing temperature differential between the surface and
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

Vapour
33. Air enters a counter flow heat exchanger at 70°C and leaves at 40°C. Water enters at
30°C and leaves at 50°C. The LMTD in degree C is:
[GATE-2000] [ B]
A) 5.65 B)14.43 C) 19.52 D)20.17
34. Air can be best heated by steam in a heat exchanger of[IES-2006] [C ]
A) Plate type
B) Double pipe type with fins on steam side
C) Double pipe type with fins on air side
D)Shell and tube type
35. Which one of the following heat exchangers gives parallel straight line pattern of
temperature distribution for both cold and hot fluid?[IES-2001] [ B]
A) Parallel-flow with unequal heat capacities
B)Counter-flow with equal heat capacities
C) Parallel-flow with equal heat capacities
D)Counter-flow with unequal heat capacities
36. For a balanced counter-flow heat exchanger, the temperature profiles of the two fluids
are:[IES-2010] [A ]
A) Parallel and non-linear B)Parallel and linear
C) Linear but non-parallel D)Divergent from one another
37. Consider the following statements: In a shell and tube heat exchanger, baffles are
provided on the shell side to:
1. Prevent the stagnation of shell side fluid
2. Improve heat transfer
3. Provide support for tubes
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:[IES-1994] [D ]
A) 1, 2, 3 and 4 B)1, 2 and 3 C) 1 and 2 D)2 and 3
38. In a counter-flow heat exchanger, the hot fluid is cooled from 110°C to 80°C by a
cold fluid which gets heated from 30°C to 60°C. LMTD for the heat exchanger is:
[IES-2001] [ C]
A) 20°C B)30°C C) 50°C D)80°C
39. A counter flow heat exchanger is used to heat water from 20°C to 80°C by using hot
exhaust gas entering at 140°C and leaving at 80oC. The log mean temperature
difference for the heat exchanger is:[IES-1996] [ B]
A) 80°C B)60°C
C) 110°C D)Not determinable as zero
40. For evaporators and condensers, for the given conditions, the logarithmic mean
temperature difference (LMTD) for parallel flow is: [IES-1993] [A ]
A) Equal to that for counter flow
B)Greater than that for counter flow
C) Smaller than that for counter flow
D)Very much smaller than that for counter flow
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

UNIT-V

1. Emissivity of a gray body is [A ]

A)1 B) 0.5 C)>1 D) <1.
2. Stefan-Boltzmann's law is expressed as [ A ]
A) Q  AT B) Q  A T C) Q  A T D) Q  A T
4 2 4 2 2 4 4

3. The quantity of heat radiation is dependent on [ D]

A)Area of the body B) Shape of the body
C)The temperature of the body D)All the above
4. A body which absorbed entire radiation incident on it is known as [ A]
A) Black body B)White body
C)Gray body D)Transparent body.
5. Planck's law of radiation is applicable to [ B]
A)Thermal radiation B) Monochromatic radiation
C) Both A and B D)None of the above
6. For a good radiation shield, the lowest required parameter is [ A ]
A) Emissivity B) Reflectivity C) Absorptivity D)Transmissivity
7. The emissivity is highest for [ D ]
A) Rubber B) Paper C) wood D) Carbon
8. A body which reflects entire radiation incident on it is known as [ B ]
A) Black body B) White body C) Gray body D)Transparent body.
9. All bodies emit radiation above absolute zero temperature is known as [ A]
A)Stefan Boltzmann law B) Planck's law
C) 'Wien's law D) Prevost law
10. The wavelength for maximum emissive power at a given temperature is given by [ A ]
A)Stefan Boltzmann law B) Wien's law
C) Kirchhoff’s law D)Fourier's law
11. In radiative heat transfer, a gray surface is one [GATE-1997] [ C ]
A)Which appears gray to the eye
B)Whose emissivity is independent of wavelength
C)Which has reflectivity equal to zero
D)Which appears equally bright from all directions.
12. The shape factors with themselves of two infinity long black body concentric
cylinders with a diameter ratio of 3 are……… for the inner and………………… for
the outer[GATE-1994] [ A ]
A) 0, 2/3 B) 0, 1/3 C) 1, 1/9 D) 1, 1/3
13. What is the value of the view factor for two inclined flat plates having common edge
of equal width, and with an angle of 20 degrees?[GATE-2002] [ A ]
A) 0.83 B) 1.17 C) 0.66 D) 1.34
14. A solid cylinder (surface 2) is located at the centre of a hollow sphere (surface 1). The
diameter of the sphere is 1 m, while the cylinder has a diameter and length of 0.5 m
each. The radiation configuration factor F11 is: [GATE-2005] [ C]
A) 0.375 B) 0.625 C) 0.75 D) 1
15. The radiative heat transfer rate per unit area (W/m2) between two plane parallel grey
surfaces (emissivity = 0.9) maintained at 400 K and 300 K is: [GATE-1993]
[ B ]
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

A) 992 B) 812 C) 464 D) 567

16. Fraction of radiative energy leaving one surface that strikes the other surface is called
[IES-2003] [ C ]
A) Radiative flux B)Emissive power of the first surface
C) View factor D)Re-radiation flux
17. Assertion A): Heat transfer at high temperature is dominated by radiation rather than
convection.
Reason (R): Radiation depends on fourth power of temperature while convection
depends on unit power relationship.[IES-2002] [ A ]
A)Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
B)Both A and R are individually true but R is not the of A
C)A is true but R is false
D)A is false but R is true
19. Which one of the following modes of heat transfer would take place predominantly,
from boiler furnace to water wall? [IES-1993] [ C]
A) Convection B) Conduction
C) Radiation D)Conduction and convection
20. A solar engine uses a parabolic collector supplying the working fluid at 500°C. A
second engine employs a flat plate collector, supplying the working fluid at 80°C. The
ambient temperature is 27°C. The ratio maximum work obtainable in the two cases is:
[IES-1992] [ C ]
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 16
21. What is the ratio of thermal conductivity to electrical conductivity equal to?
[IES-2006] [ C]
A)Prandtlnumber B) Schmidt number
C) Lorenz number D)Lewis number
22. The total radiation from a black body per second per unit area is __________ fourth
power of the absolute temperature. This statement is known as Stefan-Boltzmann law [ B ]
A) Equal to B) Directly proportional to
C) Inversely proportional to D) Not equal to
23. The amount of radiation mainly depends upon the [ D ]
A) Nature of the body B) Temperature of the body
C) Type of surface of the body D) All of these
24. A perfect black body is one which [ B ]
A) Is black in colour
B) Absorbs heat radiations of all wave lengths falling on it
C) Reflects all the heat radiations
D) Transmits the heat radiations
25. The emissivity for a black body is [ D ]
A) 0 B) 0.5 C) 0.75 D) 1
26. Which of the following statement is correct? [ B ]
A) A grey body is one which absorbs all radiations incident on it.
B) At thermal equilibrium, the emissivity and absorptivity are same.
C)The energy absorbed by a body to the total energy falling on it, is called emissivity
D) A perfect body is one which is black in colour.
27. Two long parallel surfaces each of emissivity 0.7 are maintained at different
temperatures and accordingly have radiation heat exchange between them. It is [ C ]
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

desired to reduce 75% of the radiant heat transfer by inserting thin parallel shields of
emissivity 1 on both sides. The number of shields should be
A) One B) Two C) Three D)Four
28. According to Stefan-Boltzmann law, the total radiation from a black body per second
per unit area is directly proportional to the [ D ]
A) Absolute temperature
B) Square of the absolute temperature
C) Cube of the absolute temperature
D) Fourth power of the absolute temperature
29. The radiation emitted by a black body is known as [ D ]
A) Black radiation B) Full radiation C) Total radiation D) All of these
30. The value of the wave length for maximum emissive power is given by [ C ]
A) Kirchhoff's law B) Stefan's law C) Wein's law D) Planck's law
31. If the energy radiated per second per sq. cm. of the surface for wave lengths lying
between λ, and λ + dλ is represented by (eλ.dλ), then eλ is called [B ]
A) Absorptive power B) Emissive power
C) Emissivity D) None of these
32. The emissivity of a polished silver body is __________ as compared to black body. [C ]
A) Same B) Low C) Very low D) High
33. When absorptivity (α) = 1, reflectivity (ρ) = 0 and transmittivity (τ) = 0, then the body
is said to be a [ A ]
A) Black body B) Grey body C) Opaque body D) White body
34. Kirchhoff's law states that [ C ]
A) The total radiation from a black body per second per unit area is
directlyproportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature
B) The wave length corresponding to the maximum energy is proportional to the
absolute temperature
C) The ratio of the emissive power and absorptive power of all bodies is the same and
is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body
D) None of the above
35. When α is absorptivity, ρ is reflectivity and τ is transmittivity, then for a
diathermanous body, [ D ]
A) α = 1, ρ = 0 and τ = 0 B) α = 0, ρ = 1 and τ = 0
C) α = 0, ρ = 0 and τ = 1 D) α + ρ = 1 and τ = 0
36. The ratio of the emissive power and absorptive power of all bodies is the same and is
equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body. This statement is known as [ C ]
A) Wien's law B) Stefan's law
C) Kirchhoff's law D) Planck's law
37. The heat of sun reaches to us according to [ C ]
A) Conduction B) ConvectionC) Radiation D) None of these
38. The unit of Stefan-Boltzmann constant is [ C ]
A) Watt/mK B) Watt/m2K2C) Watt/m2K4 D) Watt/mK2
39. The emissive power of a body depends upon its [ D ]
A) Temperature B) Physical NatureC) Wave LengthD) All of these
40. The ratio of the energy absorbed by the body to the total energy falling on it, is called [ A]
A) Absorptive power B) Emissive power
C) Emissivity D) None of these
YEAR:III SEM:I

SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

41. Radiation is the process of heat transfer in which heat flows from a __________ , in a
straight line, without affecting the intervening medium. [ B ]
A) Cold body to hot body B) Hot body to cold body
C) Smaller body to larger body D) Larger body to smaller body

Prepared by: G RAVINDRA REDDY

KESAVULU.P.