BLBCTRICAL BNGINBBRING

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Candidnte< slwuM attempt questions 1 and 5which are compulsory and any threeofthe remaining
questions selection aJ least one question selecting at least one question from each Section.
SECTION A
Answer any three of the folloWing

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(a) Determme the relahonsh1p between ｒｾＬ＠ R2, Land C of the c1rcu!l shown below so that the
poles of the funchon V(s)II(s) are complex

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Jusl!fy that a tlun sheet of a conduchng matenal acts as a low-pass filter for
electromagneh c waves
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(11) A rad1o Signal at a frequency of 2 0 MHz 1S transtllltted through sea-water havmg CJ =
4IT:tm and q, = 100 Fmd the diStance at w!uch 80% of the wave amplitude 1S
attenuated
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(c) Jushfy the statement Commentator mad c machme keeps the armature mmf stal!onaJY m
space along the mterpolar ax!S even though the armature rotates
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(d) ,,, What factors mfluence the performance of ｙ｡ｧｾＭｕ､＠ antenna? Explam 11 clearly
With the help of a neat sketch showmg the d1rech on of e m w
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(u) Determme field strength at a &stance of 50 km of a short vert:tcal monopole rachahng

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power of 20 kW at a frequency 1 MHz over ground With mean conduchmty of 10

mS/metre
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(a) The clock frequency of 1000 ns 1S connected to a 3-b1t asynchronous counter With each fhp-
fhp havmg 50 ns propagahng delay Wluch slate Will never occur 1n 1t, 1f the clock frequency
1S decreased to 100 ns? E'ljllacn 1t by draWing wave- shapes for 1000 ns and 100 ns clock
frequenaes separately

(b) A 230 V D c source feeds a separately-exc1ted d c motor through a chopper operahng at400
Hz Theloadtorque at 1200rp m 1S 32 5 Nm Themotorhasr,=O, L,=3 mH and Km= 1 3
V -s/rad All motor and chopper losses are neglected
 Calculate (i) the armature current excurs10n and (11) the armature current express10ns dunng
on and off penods

(c) Draw the eqmvalent circmt of a !-phase mduchon motor based on two-revolvmg field theoty
Idenhfy the vanous parameters involved mil Prove, there from, that the forward flux w<Ne 1S
several hmes greater than the backward flux wave ¢bat normal rotor speed, hut at standshll
¢<=%

(a) Descnb e the pnnaple of workmg of hneanzed model of phase lock loop shown m the figure

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given below and show that the output voltage 1S proporhonal to the change m frequency m
the FM Signal

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(b)
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Two transformers A and B, operatmg m parallel have equal voltage rahos and leakage
impedances Their reactance to reSiStance rahos are 10 and 4 respechvely Determme the
raho of the full-load k VA dehvered by the parallel combmah on to the sum of thm md! mdual
kVA rahngs Comment on the result
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(c)
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For the, circmt shown above, thynstor T 1S turned on at a tnggenng angle greater than that
given by sm- 1 (EIV,J Draw w<Neforms for u u,, io and ur Denve an express10n for the
average chargmg current 10
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For supply vol !age of 3 0 V, 50 Hz and constant b attety e m f of 6 V find the reSiStance to he
mserted m senes W!th the b attety to hm1 t the average chargmg current to 3 A m case thyn stor
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T" turned on at a finng angle of 20°

(a) Why do the maX!mum voltages across the mductance and capaatance m a senes R- L- C
resonant arcmt occur at d!fferent values of frequena es? Explam

(c) Calculate the qmescent collector current lcQ or room temperature for the amphfier
circmt shown in the figure g!Ven below
 ＬＭｾ［Ｂ＠ (l 0 ± l) v
＠ｾ 4 2 k
·, f 0-] k
1 /
ｾＭｻ｟＠
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ｾｄＭＴ＠ k
ｾ＠ (100 ± 101 n
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(11) Descnbe the appl!cahons of chppmg and clampmg arcmts

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(c) What 1S the d1fference between TWT and Klystron? How nNT operates as tlllcrowave
o sc11l ator?
Determme (1) the gam parameter, (11) the power gam, and (111) any two propagahon constants

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m a travehng wave tube havmg the followmg parameters
Beam voltage Vo = 2 kV

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Beam current 10 = 20 mA
Frequency/= 10 GH
Charactenst1c 1mp edance of helm Z 0 = 10 0 ra
C1rcU1 t length = 50 (wavelength)
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SECnON B
(a) Answer any three of the followmg
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Anon-smus01dal current 1(1) as shown m the above figure 1S passed through a capac1tance C
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= 100 ｾｆ＠ Detenrune the voltage across the capac1tance when OJ= 1000 rad/sec

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DeSign a combmahonal c!rcUlt havmg 3 mputs and 6 outputs With the cond!hon that
the output number 1S square of the 1nput number
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(11) A computer uses RAM clups of capac1ty 1024 x 1 How many clnps are reqmred and
how the1r address and data bus be connected to prom de a memoty capaaty of 1024
bytes? How ch1ps would be connected to prom de memoty of 16 K bytes?

(c) For a Single-phase one-pulse controlled converter system, sketch waveforms for load voltage
and load current for (1) RL load and (11) RL load W!th freewheeling d!ode across RL
Compare these waveforms and diScuss the advantages of usmg a freewheeling d!ode State
the assumphons made
(d) Jush fy the statement pulse modulahon 1S not d1g1 tal whereas pulse code modulah on 1S d1g1tal
Obtam the bandWidth for 128 quanhzahon levels and 8 kHz samplmg frequency of a prachcal
PCM system conS!shng of 24 telephone ｣ｨ｡ｮ･ｬｾ＠ each band hm1ted to 3 4 kHz m hme
dnns10n mul hplexmg Deduce formulae used

( ,, (c) Explam the phenomenon of attenuahon m TE and TEM w<Nes

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(11) Deternune the gmde wavelength to prop agate a 2 0 G Hz S1 gnal through a parallel plate
wavegu1de h<Nmg a plate separahon of 5 em

(c) Wluch type of commumcahon system W!ll you prefer for speech processmg? Why?

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(11) W1th the help of a smtable schemahc diagram descnbe the workmg of a delta
modulatton system D1Scuss1tshnutat10n

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(c) (c) Denve relat10nslup between en heal frequency and the ma:nmum denSity of a layer N

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(11)
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Calculate skip distance for a w<Ne of frequency 4 5 MHz when the maX!mum
1oruzahon m the E- reg10n has value of 10 10 electrons/m3 at ahe1ght of 105 km

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Vc 2R 2R v,
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Obtam Z-parameters of the 2-port network ｧｾｶ･ｮ＠ above and deduce Y-parameters from the
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result

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(c) An-type Gats Gunn d10de of length 10 ｾｭＬ＠ dopmg concentrahon 2 x 10 14 /m 3 and
threshold field 3 kV/cm operates at a frequency of 10 GH W!th apphed voltage of 3 5
kV/cm Calculate electron dnft veloc1ty, current denSity and negahve mobd1ty of
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electron

(11) A c1rcular loop of 20 em radius made of 3 mm ilia of copper W!re 1S used as an

antenna Calculate 1ts rad!ahon reSiStance ohm1c reSiStance, mput reSiStance and
radial! on effic1ency at 1 MHz

(c) A Signal u,(t) = k(1 + m;(t)) cos OJ,! 1S apphed to the mput of an average (d1ode) detector
W!th load reSiStance R The diode 1S charactenzed as
!t=Oforu,:O:O
 it= Ubird for Ub > 0
Obtam an express10n or low frequency component of the output voltage of the detector for
lmf(t)l < 1

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ZOH - z,.ro Order !!old

Deternune the output c(t) at t = 2 sec for the system shown in the above figure

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(b) A star - connected synchronous maclune W!th Zs = 1 + J 10 ohm per phase, 1S synchroruzed
W!th an infimte bus of 11 kV The maclune 1S made to operate at a leadmg power factor of 0 8
W!th an armature current of 50 A and W!th ternunal voltage ahead of the exatat10n emf

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Calculate the magrutude of exatah on e m f
How can tlu s machme be made to operate at umty p 1? Under tlu s conch hon, find the armature
current and load angle,

(c)
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A smgle-phase full bndge mverter feeds a load that allows load commutahon Explam how
load conunutat10n 1S achieved Descnbe the conduct10n ofvanous elements of the inverter
CirCUit
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 BLBCTIIUCAL BNGINGBIIUNG

Select any three of the followmg ｳｴ｡･ｭｮｾ＠ read them carefully and 1denl!fy the correct and the
mcorrect ones Just1fy your answer usmg not more than 200 words m each case

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20x3=60
(a) State vanabl e approach for analySiS 1S apphcabl e only to hnear hme mvanant systems
(b) The problem of dnft may assume vety senous problems m electromc mstrumentah on cystem
(c) Power canymg capabd1ty of transtlllsSJon hnes decreases Wlth mcrease m the length of

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transm!SS!on, and can be 1m proved by prom dmg shunt reactors
(d) Opl!cal fibre 1S the best ch01ce for heavy demand long !me telephone commurucahon
systems

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(a) The open hop transfer funchon of a umty feedback system 1S giVen by

(1)
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U smg the Routh-Hutw:ttz method, detenrune the necessaty cond!t10ns for the system
to be stable
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(11) Sketch the root locus d1agram for the system descnbed for poS!hve values ofk, hand
t2 Show how the root locus gets mollified With addihon of a zero
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(b) Incremental cost charactenshcs of two thermal plants 1S given by

dC, ｾ＠ ( 60+ 0 2PG 1)Rs I MW- hr

dP0
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- - ' ｾ＠ (40 + 0 3P"')Rs I MW -hr
dP"
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Evaluate the shanng of a load of 200 MW for most econonuc operal!on If the plants are rated
150 MW and 250 NW what wdl be the savmg m cost mRs !hour in companson to load!ng m
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the same proporhon to rahng?

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(c) Descnb e the conshucl!on and pnnciple of work:tng of a sohd- state and over -current relay

(a) Boron" doped m n-type Si wafer havmg 2 x 10" phosphorus atoms m3 through a circular "
Window of 0 1 ｾｭ＠ d!ameter for 10 nunutes at 1100° C The gaseous ahnosphere ofBH 3 used
for dopmg provides the B concentrahon of 1 x 10 23 atoms m 3 at the surface of the wafer
Eshmate the locahon of the p-nJunchon beneath the surface Gtven the diffuS!mly ofB m Si
at1100°C1S4 x 10- 11 m 2 i 1
(b) What 1S load flow soluhon? What 1S 1ts S!gmficance m power system ClasSify vanous types
of buses 1n a power system for load flow studies Expla1n, W!th a flow-chart, the
computahonal procedure for load- flow soluhon usmg Gauss-S1edel method

(c) What are solar concentrators? Descnbe vanous components of a solar concentrator g!Vmg
theu funchons

(a) One method of measunng a small capac1tance Cx 1S shownm fig 1 C, and C, are equal h1gh-
qual1ty vanable air capac1tors C3 1S a fixed h1gh qual1ty capac1tance of much smaller value

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than ma:nmum value ofC, (about 1110 ofC 2) The folloWing two balances are obtained
(1) W1th sW!tch S open, c, at1ts max:tmum value and C1 1S adjusted for balance
(11) W1th sW!tch S closed, C1 left unaltered and c, 1S adjusted to c, to get a new balance
Prove that

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･ｸｾ＠ ,,..,;:qc'Ｈｓ｣ｾＬＭ［ＢｊＧ＠
(c',C,+C',c, c,c,)

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If R = 10000, C1 and c, are 1000 pF and C3 =50 pF and assum1ng the vanable capaators
are readable to ± 5 pF W!lh what accuracy could a cap ac1tance of 1 p F be measured?
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(b) DiScuss three kmds of error -detech on codes and expl a1n how they detect errors
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(c) Explain W!th the help of block d1agram a CW Doppler radar usmg an mtermed!ate frequency
m the recet ver G1ve 1ts advantages apphcahons and hm1tah ons
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SEC:nON B
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Select any three of the folloWing ｳｴ｡･ｭｮｾ＠ read them carefully and 1denhfy the correct and the
mcorrect ones Just1fy your answer usmg not more than 200 words m each case
20x3=60
(a) Feedback prov1des same control on the steady state error to standard mputs by adjushnent of
open-loop gain
(b) One diSadvantage ofmagnet1c tape recorder 1S that 1ts charactenshcs hm1t 1ts use at lngher
frequenc1es
(c) The cost of fabncahon and mstallahon of system for uhhzmg solar energy 1S too lngh to be
v1able
(d) !Cs, although cheaper, axe less reliable as compared to diScrete components mterconnected
by convenhonal tecluuques
(a) A system 1S descnbed by the followmg state and output equahons

ｸｾ＠ . [ _,c

AndY= [1 C]X
where u(t) 1S a urut step mput and the ituhal cond!t10ns X 1(0) = 0, X 2(0) = 0 Obtam thehme
response of the system

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(b) Bnefly explam the pnnciple of PC M, d!fferenh al PCM and delta modul all on

(c) DiScuss salient features of a fibre ophc commumcat10n system List some of the ophcal

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components used to mterconnect a ､ｩｧｾ＠ tal voice or data systems

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(a) DiScuss the funchons ofvanous ｒ･ｧｾｳｴｲ＠ and ALU of 8085

(b) DiScuss mulhple access tecluuques for satelhte commumcahons Explam the meanmg of the
followmg
FDMA, TOMA, COMA and SOMA
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(c) Bnefly descnb e two different types of phase array radars How can phased arrays overcome
the difficulhes occas10ned by the use of movmg radar antennae?
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(a) Give the conshuchon, pnnciple ofworkmg and appercephons of an LVDT

(b)
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Develop receiver end power circle d!agram of a transnuss10n tme Explam, how from the
power circle d!agram, capacity of a synchronous phase modifier be detemuned
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(c) Estabh sh block diagram for 1oad- frequency control of an iSolated power system
(d) 20
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 T•ble of til" Error Funeltoa
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02
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0.1125
0.2Z27 I
03 0.3266
0.4 0.4284
0.5 0.5205

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OR
O.OJ39
0.6778
0.7421
0.9 0.7970
1,0 0..,,
1.1
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" 0,9340

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1.4
1.5
1,6
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0,9661
0,9763
1,7 ra 0.9538
1. 0.9891
1.9 0.9928
2,0 0.""'
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