LOWER CASTE MOVEMENT

19th 20th

Century Century
Upper caste Lower Castes
worked for the worked for the
welfare of lower welfare of the
castes lower castes

They condemned
Caste System
and
Untouchability
JUSTICE PARTY AND NAICKER
 Sri P Thegaraiya and Dr. T.M. Nair
1917
Organized Non-Brahmanical Organization
South India Liberal Federation
Later – Justice Party

1937 Ramaswamy Naicker

President of Justice Party

Naicker Crusader for social equality

Worked against Untouchability

 Naicker His
followers

• Tarred Caste name • Called him

boards on hotels THANTHAI
• Cut the holy thread of • Also called him
Brahmins PERIYAR
• Broke the idols of gods
NARAYAN GURU AND SREE
NARAYAN DHARMA PARIPDAN
 Kerala • Narayan Guru established SNDP

• To give up untouchability
• Build temples
Purpose • He criticized Gandhi and Congress
• Simplified rituals for Marriage, Worship
and Funerals

Caste differences
are superficial
He gave the • “One Religion, One Caste and One God

slogan for Mankind”

JYOTIBA PHULE
Founded the •Satya Shodhak Samaj
organization •1873
West India •Struggled for Lower Castes
He was born
in a MAALI •Used to sell flowers
family
•Accused them
Against
Congress •Not taking up the cause of backward
and lower castes
 Jyotiba •Elected to Poona Municipal
Committee
Phule •1876

1888 •Title of Mahatma was given to him

His literary •Ishara

•Life of Shivaji
works •Dharma Tritiya Ratiya Ratna
B.R. AMBEDKAR
 1924
• Started an organization in
Bombay
• Bahishkrit Hitkarni Sabha

Why ?
• For the
progress of the
untouchables

Organized Satyagraha
• Why ?
• For entry of untouchables in the Hindu temples
• Draw water from public wells

Round Table Conference

• Demanded separate
electorates for Depressed
classes
 1942
• Wanted the
British rule to
continue • A new party was
formed by him
• To protect the
depressed classed • Scheduled Caste
Federation
He was not in
Embraced
favor of
Buddhism
independence