Debug Card Manual 1 PDF

Computer motherboard debug card
User’s Manual
用戶指南
(There are editions in simplified or traditional Chinese for your choice)
（可選配簡體或繁体中文版）
Mini debug card—The smallest debug card in the world
4 digital LEDs—Observe code easily from two direction
Buzzer—Issues beep code when no speaker/chassis
SMD components—Makes it thin and not hurt your hand
Full 16-bits I/O address decode—No pseudo code
Made in Shenzhen, China.

DIRECTORY
1、General…………………………………………………………………………………… (2)
2、Necessary knowledge………………………………………………………………….… (2)
3、Hexadecimal character table…………………………………………………………….. (2)
4、Means of LED lamps.…………………………………………………………………… (2)
5、Follow chart of usage…………………………………………………………………… (3)
6、Debug code list.………………………………………………………………………… (4)
7、Speaker(buzzer) beep codes…………………………………………………………….(22)
(1) AMI BIOS beep codes (fatal error) ……………………………………………… (22)
(2) AMI BIOS beep codes (non-fatal error) ………………………………………… (22)
(3) AWARD BIOS beep codes ……………………………………………………… (22)
(4) PHOENIX BIOS beep codes ………………………………………………………(22)
(5) IBM BIOS beep codes…………………………………………………………….. (24)
8、What can I do in this case?…………………………………………………………….. (25)
(1) Code is not included in code list…………………………………………………..(25)
(2) Forget the password……………………………………………………………..…(25)
(3) BIOS damage……………………………………………………………………….(27)
(4) Cannot enter CMOS SETUP………………………………………………………(27)
(5) Frequently asked questions (FAQ) …………………………………………………(28)
1
1. General
Debug card also named POST card. It catches the BIOS POST code, then display on
digital LEDs. Find the corresponding code in this manual, you will quickly to know what’s
the matter with your motherboard. Especially in case of motherboard cannot boot, dark
screen, no buzzing.
After reset, main board test CPU, chipsets, memory, keyboard, display card, hard disk,
floppy disk one by one, then boot the operating system. When BIOS test, it put the POST
code to debug port, thus you knows the matter.
2. Necessary knowledge
(1) The POST code table is in the order of the code value that from small to big. The
sequence that the code displays is decided by BIOS and not the same order.
(2) Undefined code is not list in the table.
(3) Different BIOS ( AMI, AWARD, PHOENIX)has the different meaning. So make sure
that which kind of BIOS you are testing. See motherboard user’s manual, or see it on the
BIOS IC on the motherboard, or see BIOS info on the screen when computer starting.
3. Hexadecimal character table
Hex 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
Display
4. Means of LED lamps

lamp Indicator Memo
+5V +5V power Display all the time when the motherboard
powered on, otherwise the switching power
supply is fault or short circuit occurs on the
motherboard.
+3.3V +3.3V power The same as “+5V”. It is unlit when some
motherboard have no this power on PCI slots.
FRAME PCI frame Signal Flashing when PCI “FRAME” signal active.
IRDY IRDY signal Flashing when PCI “IRDY” signal active.
RESET RESET signal When in reset period, this lamp display. If it is lit
all the time, check the following: make sure that
the reset pin is plugged properly, or the reset
circuit is broken.
+12V +12V power The same as “+5V”.
-12V -12V power The same as “+5V”.
-5V -5V power The same as “+5V”. It is unlit when some
motherboard have no this power on PCI slots.
Note: LED lamps in shadow maybe not exist.
2
5. Follow chart of usage
Power off. Remove all cards that plugged in

expansion slots. Remove all peripheral device.
Plug debug card to PCI slot, then power on.
bad
Inspect LED lamps. Refer to “4.Means of LED lamps”
good
Check debug code, bad Refer to “6.Debug code list”,

then power off.
Find the problem and resolve it.
good
Plug in all peripheral device and other add-in cards, then power on.
Power off. Refer to

bad
Check debug code. “6.Debug code list”, Find
good the problem and resolve it.
Display “00” or “FF” at the end of bad Still can’t boot operating system, may
POST. Boot the operating system. be the software is bad, or disk driver
good fault, or CMOS setting error.
End
3
6. Debug code list
Code Award AMI Phoenix4.0/Tandy3000
Code copying to specific
areas is done. Passing
00
control to INT 19h boot
loader next.
Processor testing 1, processor
status (1flags) verification.
Test the following processor
CPU is testing the register
status flags: carry, zero, sign,
inside or failed, please
01 overflow
change the CPU and check
The BIOS sets each flag,
it
verifies they are set, then
turns each flag off and
verifies it is off
Test all CPU registers except
02 SS, SP, and BP with data FF Verify real mode
and 00
Disable NMI, PIE, AIE,
UEI, SQWV
Disable video, parity
checking, DMA
Reset math coprocessor
Clear all page registers,
Disable NMI, PIE, AIE,
CMOS shutdown byte
UEI, SQWV. The NMI is
Initialize timer 0, 1, and 2, Disable Nonmaskable
03 disabled. Next, checking for
including set EISA timer to interrupt
a soft reset or a power on
a known state
condition
Initialize DMA controllers 0
and 1
Initialize interrupt
controllers 0 and 1
Initialize EISA extended
registers
RAM must be periodically
refreshed to keep the
04 memory from decaying. Get CPU type
This refresh function is
working properly.
The BIOS stack has been
Keyboard controller DMA initialization in
05 built. Next, disabling cache
Initialization progress or failure
memory
4
Uncompressing the POST
06 Reserved Initialize system hardware
code next.
Verifies CMOS is working
Next, initializing the CPU Disable shadow and execute
07 correctly, detects bad
and the CPU data area code from the ROM
battery
Early chipset initialization
Memory presence test
The CMOS checksum Initialize chipset with initial
08 OEM chipset routines
calculation is calculating. POST values
Clear low 64K memory
Test first 64K memory
Cyrix CPU initialization
09 Set IN POST flag
Cache initialization
Initialize first 120 interrupt The CMOS checksum
vectors with calculation is done.
0A SPURIOUS-INT-HDLR Initializing the CMOS status Initialize CPU registers
and initialize INT 00h-1Fh register for date and time
according to INT-TBL next
The CMOS status register is
Test CMOS RAM initialized. Next, performing
0B checksum, if bad, or INS any required initialization Enable CPU cache
key pressed, load defaults before the keyboard BAT
command is issued
The keyboard controller
Detect type of keyboard
input buffer is free. Next, Initialize caches to initial
0C controller and set
issuing the BAT command POST values
NUMLOCK status
to the keyboard controller
Detect CPU clock
Read CMOS location 14h to
0D find out type of video in use
Detect and initialize video
adapter
Test video memory, display The keyboard controller
sign-on message BAT command result has
been verified. Next,
0E performing any necessary Initialize I/O component
Setup shadow RAM. Enable
initialization after the
shadow according to setup
keyboard controller BAT
command test
Test DMA controller 0; Initialization after BAT
BIOS checksum test command test is done.
0F Initialize the local bus IDE
Keyboard detect and Keyboard command is
initialization written next
5
Test DMA. The keyboard
controller command byte is
Initialize power
10 Test DMA controller 1 written. Next, issuing the
management.
Pin 23 and 24 blocking and
unblocking command
Next, checking if <End> or
<Ins> keys where pressed
during power on.
Initializing CMOS RAM if
Load alternate registers with
11 Test DMA page registers the initialize CMOS RAM
initial POST values
in every boot AMIBIOS
POST option was set in
AMIBCP or the <End> key
was pressed
Next, disabling DMA
Restore CPU control word
12 Reserved controllers 1 and 2 and
during warm boot
interrupt controllers 1 and 2
The video display has been
disabled. Port B has been Initialize PCI bus mastering
13 Reserved
initialized. Next, initializing devices
the chipset
Test 8254 Timer 0 The 8254 timer test will Initialize keyboard
14
Counter 2 begin next controller
Verify 8259 channel 1.
15 Interrupts by turning off and
on the interrupt lines
Verify 8259 channel 2.
16 Interrupts by turning off and BIOS ROM checksum
on the interrupt lines
Turn off interrupts then
Initialize cache before
17 verify Nonmaskable
memory auto size
Interrupt register is on
Force an interrupt and
18 8254 timer initialization
verify the interrupt occurred
The 8254 timer test is over.
Test stuck NMI bits. Verify
19 Starting the memory refresh
NMI can be cleared
test next
The memory refresh line is
8237 DMA controller
1A Display CPU clock toggling. Checking the 15
initialization
seconds on/off time next
1B Reserved
Reset programmable
1C Reserved
interrupt controller
6
1D,1E Reserved
If EISA non-volatile
memory checksum is good,
execute EISA initialization
If not, execute ISA tests an
1F
clear EISA mode flag.
Test EISA configuration
memory integrity(checksum
& communication interface)
Initialize Slot 0(System
20 Test DRAM refresh
board)
21 Initialize Slot 1
Test 8742 keyboard
controller
Reading the 8042 input port
and disabling the
MEGAKEY Green PC
feature next. Making the
23 Initialize Slot 3 BIOS code segment
writable and performing any
necessary configuration
before initializing the
interrupt vectors
The configuration required
before interrupt vector
initialization has completed. Set ES segment register to
Interrupt vector 4GB
initialization is about to
begin
Interrupt vector
initialization is done.
Clearing the password if the
POST DIAG switch is on
1. Enable A20 address line,
1.Test the exceptional
1. Read/write input/output Check the A20 pins of
situation of protected mode,
port of 8042 keyboard; memory controlling chips,
check the memory of CPU
ready for revolve mode, and check circuit, correlated
and motherboard.
continue to get ready for to pins. In memory slot,
26 2.Non-fatal errors occurred,
initialization of all data, may be A20 pin and
error messages displaying,
check the 8042 chips on memory pins are not in
otherwise boot operating
motherboard. contact, or memory A20
system, and this is the end
2. Refer to the left pins bad.
code
2. Refer to the left
7
Any initialization before
27 Initialize Slot 7 setting video mode will be
done next
Initialization before setting
the video mode is complete.
28 Initialize Slot 8 Auto size DRAM
Setting the monochrome
and color mode next
Initialize POST memory
manager
Initializing the different bus
2A Initialize Slot 10 system, static, and output Clear 512KB base RAM
devices, if present
Passing control to the video
ROM to perform any
2B Initialize Slot 11
required configuration
before the video ROM test
All necessary processing
before passing control to the
RAM failure on address line
2C Initialize Slot 12 video ROM is done.
XXXX*
Locking for the video ROM
and passing control to it
The video ROM has
returned control to BIOS
2D Initialize Slot 13 POST. Performing any
required processing after the
video ROM had control
Completed testing video
ROM. If the EGA/VGA RAM failure on data bits
2E Initialize Slot 14 controller is not found, XXXX* of low byte of
performing the display memory bus
memory read/write test next
The EGA/VGA controller
was not found. The display Enable cache before system
2F Initialize Slot 15
memory read/write test is BIOS shadow
about to begin
Size base memory from The display memory
30 256K to 640K and extended read/write test passed. Look
memory above 1MB for retrace checking next
The display memory
Test base memory from read/write test or retrace
31 256K to 640K and extended checking failed. Performing
memory above 1MB the alternate display
memory read/write test next
8
The alternate display
If EISA mode, test EISA memory read/write test
Test CPU bus clock
32 memory found in slots passed. Looking for
frequency
initialization alternate display retrace
checking next
Initialize Phoenix dispatch
33 Reserved
manager
Video display checking is
34 Reserved over. Setting the display
mode next
35 Reserved
36 Reserved Warm start and shut down
The display mode is set.
37 Reserved Displaying the power on
message next
Initializing the bus input,
38 Reserved IPL, general devices next, if Shadow system BIOS ROM
present
Displaying bus initialization
39 Reserved
error messages
The new cursor position has
been read and saved.
3A Reserved Auto size cache
Displaying the Hit <DEL>
message next
The Hit <DEL> message is
displayed. The protected
3B Reserved
mode memory test is about
to start
Advanced configuration of
3C Setup enabled
chipset registers
Detect if mouse is present,
Load alternate registers with
3D initialize mouse, install
CMOS values
interrupt vectors
3E Initialize cache controller
3F Reserved
Display virus protect disable Preparing the descriptor
40
or enable tables next
Initialize floppy disk driver Initialize extended memory
41
controller and any drivers for RomPilot
The descriptor tables are
Initialize hard drive
42 prepared. Entering protected Initialize interrupt vectors
controller and any drivers
mode for the memory test
9
Detect and initialize serial Entered protected mode.
43 & parallel ports and game Enabling interrupts for
port diagnostics mode next.
Interrupt enabled if the
diagnostics switch is on.
44 Reserved Initializing data to check
memory wraparound at 0:0
next
Data initialized. Checking
Detect and initialize math for memory wraparound at
45 POST device initialization
coprocessor 0:0 and finding the total
system memory size next
The memory wraparound
test is done. Memory size
Check ROM copyright
46 Reserved calculation has been done.
notice
Writing patterns to test
memory next
The memory pattern has
been written to extended
47 Reserved Initialize 120 support
memory. Writing patterns to
the base 640KB memory
Patterns written in base
Check video configuration
48 Reserved memory. Determining the
against CMOS
size of memory below 1MB
The size of memory below
1MB has been found and Initialize PCI bus and
49 Reserved
verified. Determining the devices
size of memory above 1MB
4A Reserved Initialize all video adapters
The amount of memory
above 1 MB has been found
and verified. Checking for a
soft reset and clearing the
4B Reserved Quiet boot start (optional)
memory below 1MB for the
soft reset next. If this is a
power on situation, going to
checkpoint 4E next
The memory below 1MB
has been cleared via a soft
4C Reserved Shadow video BIOS ROM
reset. Clearing the memory
above 1MB next
10
The memory above 1MB
has been cleared via a soft
4D Reserved reset. Saving the memory
size next. Going to
checkpoint 52h next
The memory test started, but
Reboot if manufacturing
not as the result of a soft Display BIOS copyright
4E mode; If not, display
reset. Displaying the first notice
messages and enter setup
64KB memory size next
The memory size display
has started. The display is
Ask password security updated during the memory
4F Initialize muti-boot
(optional) test. Performing the
sequential and random
memory test next
The memory below 1MB
has been tested and
Write all CMOS values Display CPU type and
50 initialized. Adjusting the
back to RAM and clear speed
displayed memory size for
relocation and shadowing
The memory size display
Enable parity checker,
was adjusted for relocation
51 enable NMI, enable cache Initialize EISA board
and shadowing. Testing the
before boot
memory above 1MB next
The memory above 1MB
Initialize option ROMs from
has been tested and
52 C8000h to EFFFFh or if FS Test keyboard
initialized. Saving the
can enabled to F7FFFh
memory size information
The memory size
Initialize time value in information and the CPU
53
0000:0040h BIOS area registers are saved. Entering
real mode next
Shutdown was successful.
The CPU is in real mode.
54 Set key click if enabled
Disabling the gate A20 line,
parity, and the NMI next
55 Enable USB devices
The A20 address line,
parity, and the NMI are
57 disabled. Adjusting the
memory size depending on
relocation and shadowing
11
The memory size was
adjusted for relocation and Test for unexpected
58
shadowing. Clearing the Hit interrupts
<DEL> message next
The Hit <DEL> message is
cleared. The <WAIT…>
Initialize POST display
59 message is displayed.
service
Starting the DMA and
interrupt controller test next
Display prompt: “Press F2
5A
to enter SETUP”
5B Disable CPU cache
Test RAM between 512 and
5C
640KB
Setup virus protection The DMA page register test
(boot sector protection) passed. Performing the
60 Test extended memory
functionality according to DMA controller 1 base
setup setting register test next
Try to turn on level 2 cache
(if L2 cache already turned
on in post 3D, this part will
be skipped)
Set the boot up speed
according to setup setting
61 Last chance for chipset
initialization
Last chance for power
management initialization
(Green BIOS only)
Show the system
configuration table
Setup NUMLOCK status
The DMA controller 1 base
according to setup values
register test passed.
Program the NUMLOCK, Test extended memory
62 Performing the DMA
typematic rate & typematic address lines
controller 2 base register
speed according to setup
test next
setting
If there is any changes in
the hardware configuration,
63
update ESCD information
(PnP BIOS only)
12
Clear memory that have
been used
Boot system via INT 19h
64 Jump to UserPatch1
The DMA controller 2 base

register test passed.
65
Programming DMA
controllers 1 and 2 next
Completed programming
DMA controllers 1 and 2. Configure advanced cache
66
Initializing the 8259 registers
interrupt controller next
Completed 8259 interrupt Initialize muti-processor
67
controller initialization APIC
Enable external and CPU
68
caches
Setup system management
69
mode (SMM) area
Display external L2 cache
6A
size
Load custom defaults
6B
(optional)
Display shadow area
6C
message
Display possible high
6E
address for UMB recovery
70 Display error message
Check for configuration
72
errors
76 Check for keyboard errors
Setup hardware interrupt
7C
vectors
Initialize intelligent system
7D
monitoring
Initialize coprocessor if
7E
present
Extended NMI source
7F
enabling is in progress
13
The keyboard test has
started. Clearing the output
Disable onboard super I/O
80 buffer and checking for
ports and IRQs
stuck keys. Issuing the
keyboard reset command
A keyboard reset error or
stuck key was found.
Late POST device
81 Issuing the keyboard
initialization
controller interface test
command next
The keyboard controller
interface test completed.
Detect and install external
82 Writing the command byte
RS232 ports
and initializing the circular
buffer next
The command byte was
written and global data
Configure non-MCD IDE
83 initialization has completed.
controllers
Checking for a locked key
next
Locked key checking is
over. Checking for a Detect and install external
84
memory size mismatch with parallel ports
CMOS RAM data next
The memory size check is
done. Displaying a soft error
Initialize PC-compatible
85 and checking for a password
PnP ISA devices
or bypassing WINBIOS
setup next
The password was checked.
Performing any required Re-initialize onboard I/O
86
programming before ports
WINBIOS setup next
The programming before
WINBIOS setup has
completed. Uncompressing Configure motherboard
87 the WINBIOS setup code configurable devices
and executing the (optional)
AMIBIOS setup or
WINBIOS setup utility next
14
Returned from WINBIOS
setup and cleared the screen.
88 Performing any necessary Initialize BIOS data area
programming after
WINBIOS setup next
The programming after Enable Nonmaskable
WINBIOS setup has
89
completed. Displaying the
Interrupts (NMIs)
power on screen message
Initialize extended BIOS
8A
data area
The first screen message has
been displayed. The
<WAIT…> message is
Test and initialize PS/2
8B displayed. Performing the
mouse
PS/2 mouse check and
extended BIOS data area
allocation check next
Programming the
8C WINBIOS setup options Initialize floppy controller
next
The WINBIOS setup
options are programmed.
8D
Resetting the hard disk
controller next
The hard disk controller has
8E been reset. Configuring the
floppy drive controller next
Determine number of ATA
8F
drivers (optional)
Initialize hard disk
90
controllers
The floppy drive controller
has been configured. Initialize local bus hard disk
91
Configuring the hard disk controllers
drive controller next
92 Jump to UserPatch2
Build MPTABLE for
93
muti-processor boards
Initializing bus adaptor
95 ROMs from C8000h Install CD-ROM for boot
through D8000h
15
Initialization before passing
Clear huge ES segment
96 control to the adaptor ROM
register
at C800h
Initialization before the
C800h adaptor ROM gains
97 Fix up multi-processor table
control has completed. The
adaptor ROM check is next
The adaptor ROM had
control and has now
returned control to BIOS Search for option ROMs.
98 POST. Performing any One long, two short beeps
required processing after the on checksum failure
option ROM returned
control.
Any initialization required
after the option ROM test
Check for SMART drive
99 has completed. Configuring
(optional)
the timer data area and
printer base address next
Set the timer and printer
9A base addresses. Setting the Shadow option ROMs
RS-232 base address next
Returned after setting the
RS-232 base address.
9B Performing any required
initialization before the
coprocessor test next
Required initialization
before the coprocessor test
9C Setup power management
is over. Initializing the
Coprocessor initialized.
Performing any required Initialize security engine
9D
initialization after the (optional)
Initialization after the
coprocessor test is
complete. Checking the
extended keyboard,
9E Enable hardware interrupts
keyboard ID, and
NUMLOCK key next.
Issuing the keyboard ID
command next
16
Determine number of ATA
9F
and SCSI drives
A0 Set time of day
A1 Check key lock
Displaying any soft error
A2
next
The soft error display has
A3 completed. Setting the
keyboard typematic rate
The keyboard typematic rate
A4 is set. Programming the Initialize typematic rate
memory wait states next
Memory wait state
programming is over.
A5 Clearing the screen and
enabling parity and the NMI
next
NMI and parity enabled.
Performing any
A7 initialization required before
passing control to the
adaptor ROM at E000 next
Initialization before passing
control to the adaptor ROM
A8 at E000h completed. Erase F2 prompt
Passing control to the
adaptor ROM at E000h next
Returned from adaptor
ROM at E000H control.
Performing any
A9
initialization required after
the E000 option ROM had
control next
Initialization after E000
option ROM control has
AA Scan for F2 key stroke
completed. Displaying the
system configuration next
Uncompressing the DMI
AB data and executing DMI
POST initialization next
AC Enter SETUP
AE Clear boot flag
17
If interrupts occurs in The system configuration is
B0 Check for errors
protected mode displayed
If NMI occurs, display:
Copying any code to Inform RomPilot about the
B1 “ Press F1 to disable NMI,
specific areas end of POST
F2 reboot”
POST done-prepare to boot
B2
operating system
B4 One short beep before boot
Terminate quiet boot
B5
(optional)
B6 Check password (optional)
B7 Initialize ACPI BIOS
B9 Prepare boot
BA Initialize SMBIOS
BB Initialize PnP option ROMs
BC Clear parity checkers
BD Display multi-boot menu
Program chipset registers
BE with power on BIOS Clear screen (optional)
defaults
Program the rest of the
chipset’s value according to
setup (later setup value
program)
Check virus and backup
BF If auto configuration is
reminders
enabled, programmed the
chipset with predefined
values in the MODBIN.exe
auto table
Turn off OEM specific
cache shadow
Initialize standard devices
with default values: DMA
C0 controller (8237); Try to boot with INT 19
Programmable interrupt
controller (8259);
Programmable interval
timer (8254); RTC chip
OEM specific-Test to size Initialize POST Error
C1
on-board memory Manager (PEM)
C2 Initialize error logging
18
Test the first 256K DRAM.
Expand the compressed
codes into temporary Initialize error display
C3
DRAM area including the function
compressed system BIOS &
Option ROMs
Initialize system error
C4
handler
OEM specific-Early shadow
C5 PnP dual CMOS (optional)
enable for fast boot
External cache size Initialize note dock
C6
detection (optional)
C7 Initialize note dock late
C8 Force check (optional)
Extended checksum
C9
(optional)
Redirect INT 15h to enable
CA
remote keyboard
Redirect INT 13h to
memory technologies
CB
devices such as ROM, AM,
PCMCIA, and serial disk
Redirect INT 10h to enable
CC
remote serial video
Re-map I/O and memory for
CD
PCMCIA
Initialize digitizer and
CE
display message
The NMI is disabled. Power
on delay is starting. Next,
D0
the initialization code
checksum will be verified
Initializing the DMA
controller, performing the
keyboard controller BAT
D1
test, starting memory
refresh, and entering 4GB
flat mode next
D2 Unknown interrupt
D3 Starting memory sizing next
19
Returning to real mode.
D4 Executing any OEM patches
and setting the stack next
Passing control to the
uncompressed code in
shadow RAM at E000:0h.
D5 The initialization code is
copied to segment 0 and
control will be transferred to
segment 0
Control is in segment 0.
Next, checking if
<Ctrl><Home> was pressed
and verifying the system
BIOS checksum. If either
D6 <Ctrl><Home>was pressed
or the system BIOS
checksum is bad, next will
go to checkpoint code E0h，
otherwise, going to
checkpoint code D7h
The onboard floppy
controller if available is init-
E0 Initialize the chipset
ialized. Next, beginning the
base 512KB memory test
Initializing the interrupt
E1 E1 setup-Page E1 Initialize the bridge
vector table next
Initializing the DMA and
E2 E2 setup-Page E2 Initialize the CPU
interrupt controllers next
E3 E3 setup-Page E3 Initialize system timer
E4 E4 setup-Page E4 Initialize system I/O
E5 E5 setup-Page E5 Check force recovery boot
Enabling the floppy drive
controller and Timer IRQs.
E6 E6 setup-Page E6 Checksum BIOS ROM
Enabling internal cache
memory
E7 E7 setup-Page E7 Go to BIOS
E8 E8 setup-Page E8 Set huge segment
E9 E9 setup-Page E9 Initialize multi-processor
EA EA setup-Page EA Initialize OEM special code
EB EB setup-Page EB Initialize PIC and DMA
EC EC setup-Page EC Initialize memory type
20
ED ED setup-Page ED Initializing the floppy drive Initialize memory size
Looking for a floppy
diskette in drive A:.
EE EE setup-Page EE Shadow boot block
Reading the first sector of
the diskette
A read error occurred while
EF EF setup-Page EF reading the floppy drive in System memory test
drive A: .
Next, searching for the
F0 AMIBOOT.ROM file in the Initialize interrupt vectors
root directory
The AMIBOOT.ROM file
F1 Initialize Real Time Clock
is not in the root directory
Next, reading and analyzing
the floppy diskette FAT to
F2 Initialize video
find the clusters occupied
by file AMIBOOT.ROM
Next, reading the
Initialize System
F3 AMIBOOT.ROM file,
Management Manager
cluster by cluster
The AMIBOOT.ROM file
F4 Output one beep
is not the correct size
Next，disabling internal
F5 Clear huge segment
cache memory.
F6 Boot to Mini DOS
F7 Boot to Full DOS
Next，detecting the type of
FB
flash ROM
Next，erasing the flash
FC
ROM
Next, programming the
FD
flash ROM
Flash ROM programming
INT 19H boot attempt. The
FF was successful. Next
main board is ok.
restarting the system BIOS
21
7. Speaker (buzzer) beep codes
(1) AMI BIOS beep codes (fatal error)
Beep code Description
1 beep Renovation of DRAM failed
2 beeps Parity checking error in first 64K DRAM
3 beeps Basic 64K RAM defect
4 beeps System timer failure
5 beeps Processor failure
6 beeps Keyboard controller gate circuit A20 defect
7 beeps Processor virtual mode exception occurs
8 beeps Display memory read/write test failure
9 beeps ROM BIOS checksum(32KB at F800:0) failed
10 beeps CMOS shutdown register read/write error
11 beeps Cache memory error
(2) AMI BIOS beep codes (Non-fatal error)
2 short POST failure-One or more of the hardware tests has failed
1 long 2 short An error was encountered in the video BIOS ROM, or a
horizontal retrace failure has been encountered
1 long 3 short Conventional/Extended memory failure
1 long 8 short Display/Retrace test failed
(3) AWARD BIOS beep codes
1 short System is normal
2 short Any Non-fatal error, enter CMOS SETUP
1 long 1 short RAM or the motherboard error
1 long 2 short Video Error, cannot initialize screen to display any
information
1 long 3 short Keyboard controller error
1 long 9 short Flash RAM/EPROM error (BIOS IC error)
Long beep Memory bank is not plugged well or broken
(4) PHOENIX BIOS beep codes
1-1-1-3 Verify real mode
1-1-2-1 Get CPU type
1-1-2-3 Initialize system hardware
1-1-3-1 Initialize chipset registers with initial POST values
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1-1-3-2 Set in POST flag
1-1-3-3 Initialize CPU registers
1-1-4-1 Initialize cache to initial POST values
1-1-4-3 Initialize I/O
1-2-1-1 Initialize power management
1-2-1-2 Load alternate registers with initial POST values
1-2-1-3 Jump to UserPatch0
1-2-2-1 Initialize keyboard controller
1-2-2-3 BIOS ROM checksum
1-2-3-1 8254 timer initialization
1-2-3-3 8237 DMA controller initialization
1-2-4-1 Reset programmable interrupt controller
1-3-1-1 Test DRAM refresh
1-3-1-3 Test 8742 keyboard controller
1-3-2-1 Set ES segment to register to 4GB
1-3-3-1 Auto check size of DRAM
1-3-3-3 Clear 512K base DRAM
1-3-4-1 Test 512K base address lines
1-3-4-3 Test 512K base memory
1-4-1-3 Test CPU bus-clock frequency
1-4-2-4 Reinitialize the chipset
1-4-3-1 Shadow system BIOS ROM
1-4-3-2 Reinitialize the cache
1-4-3-3 Auto check size of cache
1-4-4-1 Configure advanced chipset registers
1-4-4-2 Load alternate registers with CMOS values
2-1-1-1 Set initial CPU speed
2-1-1-3 Initialize interrupt vectors
2-1-2-1 Initialize BIOS interrupts
2-1-2-3 Check ROM copyright notice
2-1-2-4 Initialize manager for PCI Options ROMs
2-1-3-1 Check video configuration against CMOS
2-1-3-2 Initialize PCI bus and device
2-1-3-3 Initialize all video adapters in system
2-1-4-1 Shadow video BIOS ROM
2-1-4-3 Display copyright notice
2-2-1-1 Display CPU type and speed
23
2-2-1-3 Test keyboard
2-2-2-1 Set key click if enabled
2-2-2-3 Enable keyboard
2-2-3-1 Test for unexpected interrupts
2-2-3-3 Display prompt “Press F2 to enter SETUP”
2-2-4-1 Test RAM between 512K and 640K
2-3-1-1 Test expanded memory
2-3-1-3 Test extended memory address lines
2-3-2-3 Configure advanced cache registers
2-3-3-1 Enable external and CPU caches
2-3-3-3 Display external cache size
2-3-4-1 Display shadow message
2-3-4-3 Display non-disposable segments
2-4-1-1 Display error messages
2-4-1-3 Check for configuration errors
2-4-2-1 Test real-time-clock(RTC)
2-4-2-3 Check for keyboard errors
2-4-4-1 Set up hardware interrupt vectors
2-4-4-3 Test coprocessor if present
3-1-1-1 Disable onboard I/O ports
3-1-1-3 Detect and install external RS232 ports
3-1-2-1 Detect and install external parallel ports
3-1-2-3 Reinitialize onboard I/O ports
3-1-3-1 Initialize BIOS data area
3-1-3-3 Initialize extended BIOS data area
3-1-4-1 Initialize floppy controller
3-2-1-1 Initialize hard-disk controller
3-2-1-2 Initialize local-bus hard-disk controller
3-2-2-1 Disable A20 address line
3-2-2-3 Clear huge ES segment register
3-2-3-1 Search for option ROMs
(5) IBM BIOS beep codes
No beep No power, loose card, or short
1 short Normal POST, computer is ok
24
2 short POST error, review screen for error code
Continuous beep No power, loose card, or short
Repeat short beep No power, loose card, or short
1 long and 1 short Motherboard issue
1 long and 2 short Video (Mono/CGA display circuitry) issue
1 long and 3 short Video (EGA) display circuitry
3 long Keyboard/keyboard card error
1 beep, blank or Video display circuitry
incorrect display
8、What can I do in this case?
(1) Code is not included in code list
Some codes defined by the motherboard manufacturer and not included in this manual.
Please contact your dealer and find them. Also if you have the new code meaning, you can write
them down in the following table:
BIOS type(√)
CODE Description
AWARD AMI Phoenix
(2) Forget the password

If you forget your password, don’t worry! The following will help you:
① Omnipotent password
For the BIOS form different manufacturer, their password is different too. Both omnipotent
password and password users set are able to unlock the computer. Try the abbreviation of
manufacturer or the characters string which formed by the first letter of each word May be it
is the omnipotent password, for example:
i. AMI password
AMI AMI~ Bios310 AMI!SW KILLCMOS
A.M.I 589589 SMOSPWD AMISETUP Ami.kez
BIOS ammii AMI_SW ami? AMI.KEY
AMI_SW amipswd Amidecod Amiami
PASSWORD LKWPETER BIOSPASS AMIPSWD
25
ii. AWARD password
PASSWORD HLT biostar ?award djonet
AWARD SW ALFAROME j09F 1EAAh g6PJ
AWORD?SW 256256 j256 admin HELGA-S
AWORE_PW 589721 LKWPETER ally
iii. Other BIOS
Phoenix BIOS: phoenix Megastar: star
Biostar：Q54arwms Micron: sldkj754xyzall
Compaq: Compaq Mcironies: dn04rie
CTX International: CTX_123 Packard Bell: bell9
Dell: Dell Shuttle: spacve
Digital Equipment: komprie Siements Nixdorf: SKY_FOX
HP Vectra: hewlpack Tiny: tiny
IBM: IBM BIOS sertafu TMC: BIGO
② Discharge by software
CMOS RAM can be discharged by software. This helps you to solve the password problem.
Follow these method, use the DOS command “DEBUG”, all things to be easy.
i. Clear AWARD password
C:>DEBUG↙
-O 70 34↙ or -O 70 11↙
-O 71 34↙ -O 71 ff↙
-Q↙ -Q↙
ii. Clear AMI password
C:>DEBUG↙
-O 70 16↙ or -O 70 10↙
-O 71 16↙ -O 70 0↙
-Q↙ -Q↙
NOTICE: All setup data will be erased. If it is COMPAQ computer, you’d better get a floppy
disk which store CMOS program first, then do the discharge, or else it is easy to discharge but
hard to recover.
③ Hardware jumper discharge to CMOS BIOS
All the computers could discharge to CMOS BIOS by switch or jumper, and clear any
password (the system leading password, CMOS set password, keyboard lock password). To
discharge particularity CMOS of some Original packaging computer, take an example:
Discharge of COMPAQ and AST is finished by close/open the switch, but it doesn’t
discharge when the computer shutdown, it must pass many steps below:
a. Pull the switch SW1-2 to the position of “ON” while power off.
b. Turn on the power, start the computer.
c. After started the computer about 1 to 5 minutes, turn off the computer.
26
d. Pull SW1 and SW1-2 to the position of “OFF”.
e. Start the computer and enter CMOS setting.
Many motherboards discharge to CMOS by jumper. And for different board the pin is different.
Before discharge, read the user’s manual of motherboard first, if the state of CMOS discharge
jumper pin is not included in it, to check that whether there are signs on the motherboard, such as
“Exit batter”, “Clean CMOS”, “CMOS ROM Reset”. If you find these signs, close the jumper, or
remove the battery.
④ Ask for help from the factory
If the problem is still not solved, please get in touch with your dealer.
(3) BIOS damage
Repair the BIOS chip which broken by CIH VIRUS.
a. Changing: ask the factory for one same BIOS chip to change the broken chip
b. Writing: write BIOS chip with a Flash ROM writer, then install it
c. Plugging and writing online: disconnect the hard disk, take down the BIOS chip of
motherboard, find one same chip, plug it to the socket of BIOS ROM, then start the program
with the disk which has no virus (don’t load any drive program), take the good BIOS chip,
use the broken chip instead of it, taking the writing work that like have a upgrade with
motherboard-----the kind of method must be used only by professional
(4) Cannot enter CMOS SETUP
BIOS type Key Prompt
AMI <Del> or <Esc> Display
Award <Del> or <Ctrl><Alt><Esc> Display
MR <Del>or<Ctrl><Alt><Esc> None
Quadtel <F2> Display
COMPAQ Press <F10> when the cursor displayed on top None
right screen
AST <Del><Alt><Esc> None
Phoenix <Del><Alt><S> None
Hewlett Rackard(HP) <F2> None
27
(5) Frequently asked questions(FAQ)
Note 1: Don’t against the rules in motherboard quality guaranty during repair the board.
Note 2: Troubleshooting only when the power is off..
Error Description Solutions
Memory bank is bad Replace it and try again
Clean it with student eraser and try
Memory Pin of memory bank is dirty
again
bank
It is not match the other bank Insert the right memory bank
Plugged in the wrong direction Insert it properly
The slot is dirty or something in it Clean it
Metallic spring slice in the slot is out of
Memory slot Refit it’s shape or replace it
shape or ruptured
or extended
Wash with the pure alcohol, inserts
slot Metallic spring slice in the slot is rusty or
it and pull it out frequently after it
mouldy
is dry
Replace it. (Touch it to check if it
CPU is bad does not generate heat or
overheated)
The jumper setup or CMOS setup of Check the setup of working
CPU
CPU is error voltage and frequency of CPU
Clear the dirty thing, insert and
CPU pin is dirty
pull out it frequently.
CPU is not plugged well Check the CPU pin
Clean it with student eraser, insert
Error of The pin is dirty
the card and pull it out many times.
POST card
The POST card is plugged in wrong slot Plug again.
or it plugged
It is plugged in the wrong direction Check card direction
by error
The POST card is bad Contact your dealer
Power on, The motherboard is not running Check the power and CPU jumper
the code is There is no code export to the bus slot in
Try the other slot.
stopped which the POST card insert
Motherboard error According to error codes
Connect the video display,
POST fails
The motherboard send the error code to according to the message on the
midway
video display screen to check the error, then try
again.
28

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Computer motherboard debug card

Mini debug card—The smallest debug card in the world

4 digital LEDs—Observe code easily from two direction

Buzzer—Issues beep code when no speaker/chassis

SMD components—Makes it thin and not hurt your hand

Full 16-bits I/O address decode—No pseudo code

Made in Shenzhen, China.

4. Means of LED lamps

Power off. Remove all cards that plugged in

Plug debug card to PCI slot, then power on.

Check debug code, bad Refer to “6.Debug code list”,

Power off. Refer to

good the problem and resolve it.

The DMA controller 2 base

(2) Forget the password

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