Concepts of US Staffing

Human Resources

Recruitment

Induction Payrolls and

and Benefits
Orientation

Training and
Employee
Developmen
Relations
t
What is Recruitment?

• Recruitment is the process of finding and

attracting capable applicants for employment.
• In other words recruitment is about finding the
right talent, for the right job at the right time.
What is US Staffing?

• US Staffing is a Talent Acquisition Industry which

brings together HR Departments of the Clients,
the VMS and the managers of staffing companies
to hire the best talent for the vacant jobs in
shortest possible time.
Key Participants in US Staffing

• Following are the people who play major role in

US Staffing industry.
 Client
 Account Manager or Delivery Manager
(Onshore Coordinators of Staffing Agency)
 Candidate
 VMS
 We, the Recruiters !!!
Some Key Facts about US Staffing

• After the great recession of 2009, US Staffing industry has

created more jobs than any other industry.
• This happened because staffing and recruiting industry is more
resilient to any other industry when it comes to economic
expansions and contractions.
• The other main reason why staffing business is ever so
expanding is because of exponential rise in demand of
contractual workers.
• The average tenure of an employee within staffing and recruiting
industry is around about 24-36 months which is 35 to 40% higher
than the average tenure of an employee within any other sector.
• The above statistics are just few pointers which indicate what is
in store for people who are willing to make a career in this
industry.
Qualities of a “Good” Recruiter

• Influencing and negotiating

• Persistence
• Willingness to Excel and Achieve
• Judgment and Decision Making
• Coachablity and Openness to Feedback
Day - Day Activity of a Recruiter

• Picking up the Job (Requirement)

• Identifying the Candidates through various job portals and
job engines.
• Calling Prospective Candidates
• Screening them as per the Requirement
• Reserving the best match candidates to the given job, and
sending them Right to Represent (RTR).
• Once RTR is received, preparing the submission of the
resume (formatting, preparing summaries).
• Submitting the resume to the a/c manager.
 US Rendezvous

• In this section we will be introduced to following

aspects of United States of America
 Demographics
 Culture
 Geography
 Work Visa and Permits
Map for US
Some Facts about US

• It is commonly known as US, United States,

America or States.
• It is the world’s economy with a GDP of $15.11
trillion with per capita income being six highest.
• With a diverse population ethnicity, most of the
residents are Native American, Europeans, Asians
and Caucasians.
• Some of the global industry giants have their
headquarters in this country like Apple, Microsoft,
Johnson & Johnson, UPS, Google, Facebook,
Boeing, Colt etc to name a few.
• It is the home to several well known federal
agencies in the world like the FBI, NASA, White
Major Cities of US

• New York City, NY

• Dallas, TX
• Los Angeles, CA
• Houston, TX
• Washington, D.C
• Princeton,NJ
• Boston, MA
• Chicago, IL
• Richmond, VA
• Las Vegas, NV
Political Division and Time Zones

• US is divided politically into following zones –

East, West, North, South, Mid-East and Mid West.
• Due to its huge land area, US is divided into given
time zones – EST, CST, MST and PST.
• In terms of time difference, EST is 1 hour ahead of
CST, 2 hours ahead of MST and 3 hours ahead of
PST.
• For example Atlanta, GA (EST) will be 1 hour
ahead of Dallas, TX (CST), 2 hours ahead of
Denver, CO (MST) and 3 hours ahead of Los
Angeles, CA (PST).
Day Light Saving

• The concept of Daylight Saving Time is the

practice of advancing of clocks so that evenings
have more daylight and mornings have less. In
this, typically clocks are adjusted one hour
forward at the start of spring and are adjusted
one hour backwards near the start of autumn.
• Normally in US, the daylight saving is applied or
starts at the last week of February and ends at
the end of last week of October following
Halloween’s day.
Major Holidays of US

• New Year’s Day

• President’s Day
• Memorial Day
• Independence Day
• Labor Day
• Veterans Day
• Thanksgiving Day
• Christmas
Work Visa and Permits

• Visa is an entry clearence certificate that is

placed in a travel or passport document, which
gives us permission to enter into an applied
country.
• In US, there are two categories of Visa which
exist.
 Immigrant Visa
 Non Immigrant Visa
Types of Visa

• Immigrant Visa - It is for those people who intend

to live permanently in US
• Types of Immigrant Visa
 Green Card (GC) – An official document issued
by US Government to alliance allowing them to
work permanently in US.
 Permanent Resident – An allocation of
residency to the incoming immigrants done on
the random basis other than the Green Card
allocation.
Types of Visa (contd.)

• Non Immigrant Visa – This Visa is given to those immigrants

whose permanent residence is outside US, however they wish
to stay in US on a temporary basis for a certain purpose –
tourism, medical treatment, business, temporary work or study.
• Types of Non Immigrant Visa
 H1B – It is a work permit under US immigration in which
people can enter in US for three years if they work in a
specialized field and their employers cannot fill the position
locally. It is initially granted for a period of three years and
can be extended up to a period of another years, hence the
H1B visa is valid up to a duration of six years.
The programmers and other technically skilled people
especially related to Computers is enter US under this Visa
Category.
Types of Visa (contd.)

 H4 – It is granted to the dependents of immigrants who are

on H1B work permit. People on this category are not allowed
to work in US.
 J1 – Basically provided for someone from home country to US
for training which should be useful for home country.
 L1 / L2 – Intra Company Transfer / Dependent Visa – L1 is a
Non Immigrant Visa which allows companies operating both
in US and abroad to transfer certain class of employees from
its foreign operations to US operations for a period of
maximum up to seven years.
The employee must have worked for a subsidiary or parent
company of our US company for at least a period of one year
out of last three years.
`
Types of Visa (contd.)

• EAD – Employment Authorization Document

 An Employment Authorization Document
(EAD) is work permit that authorizes an
immigrant to work in US for a period of time,
usually one year.
 There are two categories of EAD available :
 I485 EAD (Green Card EAD)
 OPT EAD
Types of Visa (contd.)

• Border Visas – As US shares its borders with two

different countries, Canada and Mexico, there are
two work permits which allows people from these
countries to work within US.
 TN 1 Visa (Canada)
 TN 2 Visa (Mexico)
US Recruitment Process
Contents

• In the following slides we will study

 What is the recruitment process in US Staffing
 How to understand the requirement
 How to make a search string and search for resume?
 Boolean Search Strings
 Tax Terms
 W2 Contract
 W2 Salaried
 1099
 C2C or Corp to Corp
 The Concept of Per Diem
 How to screen a candidate while speaking to him over the phone?
 Establishing Rapport and Negotiating with the Candidate.
 Closing the Candidate for a particular requirement
 Red Flags while screening the candidate.
 Job Boards and ATS (Applicant Tracking System)
Steps in Recruiting Life Cycle

• Client
• Account Manager
• Assignment of Requirement to recruiter
• Requirement Understanding
• Formulating Search String (Keywords, Boolean Search)
• Calling up candidates
• Getting updated resume
• Checking the Quality of Resume and Matching it to the Requirement
• Format the Resume and Submitting the resume to Account Manager
• Account Manager consults the candidate for further clarifications, if
required.
• Resume is submitted to the client.
• Client provides feedback / interview request.
• Recruiter arranges the interview and confirms it with the client.
• Closure.
Requirement Understanding

• To understand the requirement is the key to find the right

talent for the right job at the right time.
• When looking at the requirement, the recruiter should look
for following skills and attributes.
 Location.
 Duration
 Rate
 Primary and Secondary Skills
 Start Date and End Date of Assignment
 Job Description
 Roles and Responsibilities
 Client
Searching Resume

• When Searching for Resume, the recruiter must

use either of the following methods to locate a
resume.
 Keyword Search – In this method, the recruiter
looks for a particular resume through Job Title,
Position Name or Specific Skill or Function in a
Job Board (Monster, Dice, Career Builder). This
method is useful particularly for any functional
position and low level jobs (Technician,
Business Analyst and Project Managers etc.)
 Boolean Search
Boolean Search

• Boolean searches allow you to combine words and phrases using the
words AND, OR AND NOT (otherwise known as Boolean operators) to
limit, widen, or define your search. Most Internet search engines and
Web directories default to these Boolean search parameters anyway,
but a good Web searcher should know how to use basic Boolean
operators.
• Examples
 Using AND Operator, search results are narrowed, as explained
below
(Portland) AND (Oregon)
 Using OR Operator, search results are broadened, as explained
below
(Dog) OR (Wolf).
 Using NOT Operator, search results are narrowed, as explained
below
(Manager) NOT (Program)
Some more Boolean Search

• (TECHNICIAN ) AND (RF ) AND (TES OR TESTING

OR SCRIPTING) Within 75 miles of 92101.
• (MANAGER ) AND (ANALYSIS OR ANALYST OR
ANALYTICS ) AND(DATA ) Within 75 miles of 92101
, BUT NOT = (PROJECT OR PROGRAM ).
• (TECHNICIAN) AND ("TIER 1" OR "TIER I") AND
("MS OFFICE SUITE" OR MS-OUTLOOK) WITHIN 75
MILES OF 92101.
• (RF ) AND (DESIGN OR FABRICATE ) AND(MOBILE
OR WIRELESS ) Within 75 miles of 92101
 Boolean Search on Google to find the
Resume
• Boolean Search can be applied on Google to find the
resumes too. As we know that people make their
personal profiles and also post resumes on Internet in
large numbers, it is always a good idea to check Google
for recruiting purposes too.
• The Syntax for finding a resume on Google is
 (intitle: Resume OR inURL: Resume OR intitle: CV or inURL: CV)
AND (“ Manager” OR “Supervisor”) AND (Test OR Testing OR Test
Case OR Test Plans) –jobs –samples –”sample resume” –”Resume
writers” (CA OR California)
 (intitle: Resume OR inURL: Resume OR intitle: CV or inURL: CV)
AND (“ Mobile” OR “Wireless” AND Chips OR “Semiconductors”)
AND (Test OR Testing OR Test Case OR Test Plans) –jobs –samples
–”sample resume” –”Resume writers” (CA OR California)
Tax Terms

• There are three tax terms which are prescribed in US

Recruitment.
 W2
 1099
 C2C (Corp to Corp).

 W2 – When a person is paid in form of W2, the employer

automatically withholds a part of his pay and pays all the
necessary taxes on his own as per the required norms of
Federal Government. These Taxes include Federal Income
Tax, State Income Tax, Social Security and Medicare Tax. It is
further classified in two parts
 W2 Salaried
 W2 Hourly
Tax Terms

 W2 Salaried – In this the employer pays the candidate

on a daily rate basis. This means that the consultant will
be billed on 800 hours instead of 880 hours on a
monthly basis. The candidate is normally paid benefits
(Medical Insurance, Paid Time Off, National Holidays and
401K Contribution). The candidate is not qualified for
overtime in this type of payroll.
 W2 Hourly – In this, the employer pays the on an hourly
basis. This means that the candidate will be billed for full
880 hours (8 hours a day * 5 days a week * 22 days a
month). There are no benefits or minimal benefits
provided with this type of payroll. The candidate is
eligible for overtime.
Tax Terms

 1099 – When a person is paid in 1099 payrolls, all money

earned by the candidate is paid on an untaxed basis. It is
then the responsibility of the candidate to file and pay the
appropriate taxes.
 C2C or Corp to Corp – In this a sub vendor to your staffing
company does a 1099 type of contract and then pays to
his consultant on W2 Payrolls.
 To do a 1099 or C2C contract, a subvendor or the self
contractor needs to have following insurances.
 General Liability – Amount of $1 million (Mandatory,
Always ask the candidate or vendor when dealing a
1099 or C2C case).
 Errors and Omissions
 Workermen’s Compensation
Per Diem

• Per Diem is basically an allowance given to candidate in case

the candidate is relocating from his home location to the
client site to work for an assignment. For Per Diem to be
applicable, following conditions must be fulfilled.
 The candidate should own a house / should be renting a
house at his home location. (Proof of Ownership / Rent
Agreement will be asked at the time of paper work.)
 Distance between the location should be 50 miles or more.
 He should have enough expenses to maintain the two
houses.
 Per Diem will be provided to the candidate for the first year
of the contract only. If the contract extends for more than
12 months, Per diem will be stopped after completion of
12th month.
Screening the Candidate Over the
Phone
• Phone Screening the Candidate is the most critical step in identifying
and hiring the candidate for the a given requirement. While hiring
the candidate the recruiter generally follows following steps.

 Greets the Candidate on opening of the call.

 Introduces himself and his staffing company.
 Seeks the permission from candidate to speak about the position.
 Gives the Details about the position (Title, Location, Client,
Duration and nature of job ) and discusses the candidate’s
experience to qualify the resume for the assigned requirement.
 Negotiate for Pay Rate / Salary Range and Summarizes the details
for the call to confirm the candidate’s interest
 Closes the Call and Sends him a RTR (Right to Represent) mail to
reserve the candidate for the assigned position.
 Closing the Candidate for a particular
Requirement
• After sourcing and screening the candidate, the
recruiter can go ahead and get the candidate’s
resume submitted to the client.
• If the resume is short-listed depending on the
client’s feedback, and client forwards an
interview request, the recruiter gets in touch with
the candidate, discusses the interview schedule
with him.
• If the candidate is appointed by the client, it then
adds up to a closure (Purchase Order or PO) in the
recruiter’s name.
• Once the candidate officially starts his
assignment, it is regarded as a placement in
Red Flags While Screening the
Candidate
• While Screening the Candidate, it is mandatory that certain
check points are ruled out in order to confirm that
candidate in all probability is a willing candidate and will
join the job, provided client offers it following the interview.
 Commute
 Pay Rate
 Willingness to Join
 Willing to Perform a Background Check and Credit Check
as per the client’s requirement
 An Ex – Employee of the same client
 Any Pending Interviews or Back-up Offers
 Qualification and Experience are neither under or over
qualified
Job Boards used in US Recruitments

• Job Boards are basically websites where job seeking

candidates post their resumes and Employers look for a
potential candidate who can be hired for their requirement.
• There are various Job Boards available in market where
people from US post their resumes. Some of the Job Boards
are:-
 Monster US
 Dice.com
 Careerbuilder.com
 Hotjobs.com
 Sologig.com
 Netemps.com
Applicant Tracking System

• There are some portals available in US Recruitment market

which source resumes from all major job boards and act as
a one stop solution to have large database of candidates for
various type of skill sets.
• Some of the such major job portals are
 Bullhorn
 LinkedIn Recruiter
 JobDiva.com
 QCOM
 JobDiva.com
 Taleo.net
Thank You