La Consolacion University Philippines

City of Malolos, Bulacan

Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

The Relationship between Operational Years in Industry of a

Business and Sales as Perceived by Food Service Businesses in
Vicinity of Capitol View Park, Malolos Bulacan
K.E. Bondoc, L.J. Basallo, C.C. Cabarloc, M.A. Caballero
(bondockristianeldric@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT:
Aim: To study about the possible relationship between no. of operation year of a business to
its sale
Method: In this study, the researcher used descriptive statistics to determine possible
relationship between the two variables presented. Availability sampling was used in the
study. The researchers chose food service businesses in Malolos area that is willing and ready
to participate and answered the designed a survey questionnaire to gather the data needed.
After which, the researcher used Pearson R Correlation to determine the possible relationship
between the two variables based on the two available sets of data.
Results: The results show an r-coefficient of .48, indicating a weak positive association
between operational years of a business and its sales.
Conclusion: Researchers conclude that if a food businesses run for a long period, it will get
higher sales compared to the other businesses that operate for a short period. This shows
that the biggest objective that a business should have is sustainability. Where business can
create a big name in the industry the longer they have operating.

1. INTRODUCTION:

The food service industry in the Philippines
has improved over the years. It has been a part of
the Filipino culture to dine out during work breaks
and when celebrating different occasions. Today,
different types of food establishments are being
set-up all-over the country. While these are the big
and fancy restaurants, fast food restaurants,
delivery services, catering services and canteens
and the smaller ones found within our
neighborhoods such as the carinderia, pondohan
and lugawan, it is also common to find food carts
along sidewalks that sell fish balls, squid balls and
other dimsum.
Going into the food service business needs
a lot of study on important principles of managing
it. Food can affect the health of the consumers;
therefore it is the responsibility of its owners to
maintain the cleanliness of the foods served and
the place. This includes quantity cooking, menu
planning, food pricing, and sanitation of work area
and process, as well as health care of customers.
Another important principle in this business is
honest service to customers. Therefore, getting
into the food business is assuming a great
responsibility to the public.
There are different types of food services
established to answer the needs of the public.
Among these are the restaurants, panciteria, turu-
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)
turo and dimsum houses, bakeshops, coffee shops,
pizza houses and specialty restaurants.
These are generally categorized in two: the
commercial food service and the welfare food
service. Commercial Food Service is eateries that
are into business and profit fall under the
commercial food service. In this category, the
controlling of expenses, setting of the profit and
planning the business growth lies within the
responsibility of the owner. It is he who sets the
price of the food and services based on the type of
food and services, value of the place and the
economic level of the target customers. And
welfare food is set up to cater to a particular group
of people like employees, students and patients.
Most are found in schools, office canteens and
cafeterias in hospitals managed by a
concessionaire. Competition is low because only
one canteen or cafeteria serves an entire office
building or hospital.
There are many opportunities in growing a
business this 2018, but there is also many things
that business should asses in order to satisfy
customers. Staying on top of changing in costumers
needs, understanding millennial preferences and
improving marketing strategies will all be essential
in competitive market place. According to
Marketing 2017, the change of moods and attitude
of costumers can affect the sales of business
specifically in the food industry. Nowadays,
millennial are very different. They prefer an
extreme and unique taste. That is why new
businesses grab the opportunity to start their
business with a theme that will surely attract
millennial.
However, old food businesses are more
popular because they have been in the industry for
a long time. Therefore, they have the advantage in
getting higher sales. However, according to (Jill
Konrath 2010) in her sales philosophy, in order to
maintain or improve sales the seller must create a
value with the costumers. They should focus on
making differences not on sales. Businesses also
have to be innovative and possess keen insights
into trends that can influence the business.
Starting a new business can be a scary
proposition. Perhaps the scariest thing of all knows
that most businesses won't be successful.
According to (Keith Speights 2017), roughly 20% of
new businesses survive past their first year of
operation. That was the case two decades ago and
is still the case today. However, around half of all
businesses no longer exist after five years. Only
one-third make it past their tenth anniversary.
These statistics have been remarkably consistent
through the years. Interestingly, major economic
downturns don't seem to affect the survival rates
for new businesses.
The reality, still, is that many businesses do
fail. According to the 2015/2016 Global
Entrepreneurship Report Opens a New Window.
Published by Babson College and several other
organizations, over half of businesses discontinue
operations because of lack of profits or financial
funding. It would be great if more businesses were
successful and lasted for decades. However, history
shows us that are not likely to happen. In light of
this, their opinion is that it would be better for
more than just 20% of businesses to fail in their
first year of operation. That might surprise us, but
there's a good reason for their viewpoint.
As basis of this study, the researchers
gathered some related study and publication and
tallied corresponding results. Comparing the
results of the possible relationship between
business’ age and sales from the recent studies and
publications indicate a research problem. As the
researchers review the results, it is very different
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)
and somehow contrasting from one another.
Several researchers believe that the number of
operational years of a business strongly positively
affects sales (Literature 1, Lit 8, Lit 18, Lit 20, Lit 22,
Lit 28, and Lit 47). Some found it moderately
positive (Literature 2, Lit 3, Lit 4, Lit 6, Lit 7, Lit 10,
Lit 15, Lit 16, Lit 21, Lit 30, Lit 31,Lit 36, Lit 37, Lit
38) and weak positive (Literature 33, Lit 42 and Lit
46). On the other contrary, other researchers
believe that business’ operating years weakly
negatively affects sales (Literature 5, Lit 9, Lit 11, Lit
17, Lit 23, Lit 35, Lit 40 and Lit 50).
After identifying the research problem, the
researchers formulate objectives of the study:
1. To measure the sales of food businesses
by the use of Likert Scale
2. To determine how long a particular food
service business in vicinity of Capitol
View Park of Malolos, Bulacan running
in the industry
3. To determine if there’s a possible
relationship between sales and business
operating years using Pearson r
4. To determine if a business gain a higher
profit compare to its first month of
operation
IV DV
Business’ Sales
Operation Years
Figure 1. Conceptual Model of the Study
It shows the conceptual framework that
illustrates the possible relationship between IV and
DV. Whereby, hypothetically business’ operation
years or the independent variable has a significant
relationship in sales; the dependent variable.
This research study has not been made just
for nothing; the purpose of this study is to resolve
the issue circulating in this study. The researchers
aim to figure out the relationship between
Business Operating Years to its Sales. This research
paper will not only benefit the researchers but also
the food businesses in Malolos, which is the
specific subject of the study. Although this research
paper have a assistance to businesses in our
country and even around the world, there are also
things that cannot be achieved or attain by
researchers. Some of these are research papers will
not help those businesses to improve or their sales,
as it does not cover every business on how they
can increase the number of their consumers.
However, being unable to attain the
increase in sales of businesses in the research
study, there are still some primary contributions
that can be provided or assisted in the country. In
short, this research paper articulates that in terms
of business, you should not be afraid to compete
with other businesses that are bigger than you,
because this will not help you and your business to
achieve its goals. In addition, it may not be able to
progress your business ability in competing others,
because of this, your business may stay likened to
others. And it does not mean that the longer a
business the higher sales it will get, cause
sometimes it also depends on the season and
considering as well the number of consumer that is
capable to buy a particular things or food.
2. METHODOLOGY:
In this section it is clearly defines the
research method used to conduct the study. The
researchers explain how the necessary data and
information gathered to address the justifications
for the research design, methods and research
approach.
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)
Research Approach:
This study is a quantitative research. The
researcher explores some factors that might affect
the dependent variable. The research also seeks to
determine the relationship of the two variables. In
addition, the presented data is in form of numbers
and in statistical results. Researcher also ask
question that give quantifiable answers.
According to (Leedy & Ormrod 2010) a
correlational research is concerned with
establishing relationships between two or more
variables in the same population or between the
same variables in two populations. To address the
study research question, the researcher used
quantitative correlation study, which generated
insightful information on the factors that could be
attributed to the sales. A quantitative correlation
study employed to understand emergent themes in
the analysis of the archived data from different
food businesses in Malolos Bulacan.
The researchers use Pearson R Correlation
as statistical tool for analyzing data of this study.
Correlation is a technique for investigating the
relationship between two quantitative variables.
The Pearson’s coefficient (r) measures the strength
of relationship between variables. The Pearson
product-moment correlation coefficient (or
Pearson correlation coefficient, for short) is a
measure of the strength of a linear association
between two variables and is denoted by r.
Basically, a Pearson product-moment correlation
attempts to draw a line of best fit through the data
of two variables, and the Pearson correlation
coefficient, r, indicates how far away all these data
points are to this line of best fit. The Pearson
correlation coefficient, r, can take a range of values
from +1 to -1. A value of 0 indicates that there is no
association between the two variables. A value
greater than 0 indicates a positive association; that
is, as the value of one variable increases, so does
the value of the other variable. A value less than 0
indicates a negative association; that is, as the
value of one variable increases, the value of the
other variable decreases.
Research Methods:
There were 10 food businesses in Malolos
city that participated in the study. The researchers
designed a survey questionnaire to gather the data
needed. Since the sales of the business are
confidential and difficult to collect, the researchers
use the Likert scale. A point scale let which allow
the respondents to express how much they agree
or disagree to a specific statement. The
respondents were offered five statements, which
are related in determining sales, and they have
choices of five pre-coded responses with the
neutral point.
Availability sampling was use in this study.
Also known as convenience sampling, a type of
non-probability sampling method depends from
population members who are conveniently
available to participate in the study. It involves
selecting a sample from the population because it
is accessible. That is to say, individuals are selected
for the research not because they meet some
statistical criterion, but because they are readily
available. There are many food businesses in
Malolos City that can be potential respondents for
the study. However, due to the limited time given
and resources of the researcher, it would be
difficult if they will collect data from all of the food
businesses in the city. That is why they use
sampling technique.
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

The response options in the instrument are

weighted as shown below: X- Value
Table 1: Responds Score in Likert Scale 10
Strongly Agree Neither Disagree Strongly 8
Agree Agree Disagree 6
nor 4
Disagree 2
0
5 points 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point A B C D E F G H I J

Years of Operation

Figure 2. X- Values Bar Graph

Research Technique:
Figure 2 presents the years of operation of
The researchers decided to conduct a every respondent. In this figure shows that
research about the possible relationship between business G had been in the industry for the longest
operational years in industry of a business and time of 9 years compared to other business.
sales as perceived by food businesses in city of Business H and J have been in the industry for 8
Malolos, Bulacan. The researchers had taken the years. Business B, D and F for more than 2 years
age of the business and measure sales using Likert while Businesses A, C, E and I runs for a year or
scale. The participants of this research are the less. The mean age of the respondents is 3 and half
managers or owners of the business or whose year.
present in the restaurants that they know all about
in the restaurants. Researchers focus on their sales
and business age to know if there has possible Y- Value
relationship between business age and sales.
5
4
3. RESULTS and DISCUSSION: 3
2
In this section, shows the presentation, 1
analysis and interpretation of data. The research 0
questionnaire served as the guide with the findings A B C D E F G H I J
in this study. Data were obtained from the Sales Mean Score
questionnaires completed by 10 different
businesses in Malolos, Bulacan. Figure 3. Y- Values Bar Graph

Figure 3 presents the mean score of sales of

every respondent. Mean score was based from the
survey questionnaire consist of five statements
that was formulated to measure sales of a
business. Which every responds have a
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

corresponding score 5, for strongly agree, 4 for
Agree, 3 for neither Agree nor Disagree, 2 for
Disagree and 1 for Strongly Disagree. In this figure
it shows that 4 out of 10 businesses (40%) got 4
and above mean scores.
Table 2. X & Y Values
Business Years of Sales
Operation (Mean Score)
A .66 4 businesses as well say that they neither agree nor
B 2.5 3 disagree that their supplies or product rarely got
C .42 3.2
D 2.75 4.4
E 1 2.8
F 2 3 continues to increase. Same results as the study in
G 9 3.4
H 8 4.2
I .33 3.2
J 8 4.4
Table 1 presents the X and Y data gathered
by the researchers with the used of questionnaire.
Where X values serves as years of operation of
business while Y values are mean scores of sales
formulated by likert scale. The findings indicate
that most of the businesses which operates within
3 years gained a higher sales remark compared on
the other businesses. Businesses that have been in
the industry for 3 years got 4 mean score
compared to 3.37 of businesses operating within
less than 3 years. However, one respondent with
less than a year of operation got 4 sales mean
score. In referring to the gathered data by means
of Likert Scale questionnaire, it shows that
company H and J shows that while their business
continuing to operate for a long time, their sales as
well continues to increase. Nevertheless, company
B, D and F says that their sales are not high as other
food businesses sale that runs for a long time.
Whereas company A, C, E and I says that their
business is functioning for just a short period but
their sales gone up. While company G is the only
business in Malolos that shows that it operates for
a long period but its sales is still low. Implicates
that higher sales cannot only be attain after much
several years. On the other hand, considering some
factors such as marketing and sales strategies that
can attract more customers will also help the
business. Researchers also gathered a data where
in 3 out of 10 agree that their sales for this month
exceeded last month sales. Moreover, 3 out of 10
into surplus. However, half of the respondents say
that as years goes by the allocation of budget for
product expenses increased but the sales as well
Lit. 4 wherein it states that the longer the business
takes, the expenses are increasing. Lastly, half of
the respondents say that their sales for the month
of December 2017 exceeded for the first month
sales of their business.
In order to achieve sustainability and
longevity of the business, according to (Bill Liabotis
2010) most businesses fall short of achieving their
growth objectives for revenue and profitability.
Studies report success rates as low as 20%. For
him, in order to maintain and achieve the growth
and sustain a business there are two main
strategies that a business should apply; (1)
Creating-Customer Focus Strategies and (2)
Effectively Executing the Strategy. In Creating-
Customer Focus Strategies there are 3
components; first, Growth by Sub-Segmenting
Customers, which the process of identifying
profitable growth opportunities most often begins
with the Core Business, that is, the products,
services, customers, channels and geographic areas
that generate the largest proportion of revenue
and profits. Second, growing the core business
where based on the firm’s existing customers. This
strategy involves creating High Impact Value
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Propositions for new customer sub-segments.

Underpinning this strategy is the willingness to
view customers through a different set of lenses. It
also a process can be created to assist both
managers and specialists at the customer interface
gain fresh insights into customer needs and
preferences. And lastly, growing adjacent
opportunities, it stated that a particularly appealing
alternative when the core business is approaching
its full potential operates efficiently and generates
surplus cash for reinvestment. It is also an
important option when it is clear that the core’s
future growth potential is weak.
On the other hand, there are 2
strategies under Effective-Executing Strategies.
First, building organizational capabilities, these are
processes that are strategic and deliver a high
value to customer such as successfully entering
market, creating an excellent new products or
services which appeal to customers, or providing
an outstanding level of customer service. And
Lastly, Performance Management Scorecard,
where it focus on measuring and monitoring
leading indicators – for example, the drivers of
customer loyalty, employee engagement and
financial results. Considerable input from many
sources is solicited before these measures are set
and appropriate action undertaken to continually
improve performance.
5 determine the relationship between business
4 operating years to its sales. The findings emphasize
3 that years of operation improve sales performance.
Sales
Figure 3 shows the general illustration of
the relationship between operating years and sales
of a business. Each dot on the scatterplot
represents one respondent from the data set. The
location of each point of the graph depends on the
both the operation years and sales scores. The
relationship between two variables is called their
correlation. After treating the data, the study
obtains a 0.484897 or .48, correlation coefficient. A
weak positive result which illustrates a straight line
going from the origin out to high x- and y-values.
The gathered data is analyzed by the use of
Pearson R Correlation; by this the researchers got a
coefficient of .48. Through this basic analysis it
appears that business operating year has a weak
positive relationship between sales. Proving that
the longer the business operating it causes increase
in sales of a particular business. The findings of this
study are consistent with those results obtained in
Literature 33, Lit 42 and Lit 46, where operating
years have a weak positive relationship in sales.
But contradict several others including Literature 5,
Lit 9, Lit 11, Lit 17, Lit 23, Lit 35, Lit 40 and Lit 50
where results were negative.
CONCLUSION:
The purpose of this research study is to

Series1
2 Thus, recognizing this factor and the rate of their
influence will enable the top managers of
1 Linear
(Series1)
companies to use effective and suitable strategies
0 for preserving and retaining their business. Sales
0 5 10
growth is considered as one of the most important
Year thing that a business should attain. Researchers
conclude that if a food businesses runs for a long
Figures 4. X and Y Scatterplot
period, it will get a higher sales compared to the
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

other businesses that operates for a short period. research could expand the generalizability
This shows that the biggest objective that a of the study by conducting a much larger
business should have is sustainability. Wherein, survey across a number of businesses in
business can create a big name in the industry. different industries
Considering the scope and limitation of the study
the researchers found out that longest year of
operation of a business in the vicinity of Malolos
Capitol View Park is 9 years. Most of them
exceeded their first month sale compared to
November 2017 sale. Implicates that most
businesses gain an increase in sales the longer the
business runs. The researcher also found out that
there is a weak positive relationship between years
of operation and sales. It implicates that an
increase in year of operation of a business will
results an increase on its sales.

RECOMMENDATION:

Based on the data gathered and

conclusions, the following recommendations are:

 Starting Capitalists
-To help them to focus on sustaining
the business in the industry instead of
competing in other big named businesses

 Current Businesses in Industry

-To focus in planning strategies to
gain more profit and to improve their
business to be ready in possible coming
problems and competition

 Local Government Unit

- To provide new policies that might
help new capitalist to sustain their business

 Future Researchers
-To allocate this study for it will be
beneficial for future use and improve other
things needed to be improve, future
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

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http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/JMLC-06-2016-0023

Grandenetti, R.,Marco, B., Marche D.V., & Maria D.E. (2013). Determinants Of Market Extension In
Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: Evidence From A Regional Innovation System
http://conference.druid.dk/acc_papers/xlicdxccdktluc12sf0xmuqnbadh.pdf

Headd, Brian (2003). Redefining Business Success: Distinguishing Between Closure and Failure
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024433630958

Holmes, T., & Schmitz, J. (2000). Managerial Tenure, Business Age, And Small Business Turnover.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2535325

Hymer, S., & Pashigan, P. (2006). Firm Size And Rate Of Growth
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/258716?journalCode=jpe

Kurtaran, A., Kurtaran Ç., & Temizer, Z. (2015). The Relationship Between Financial Ratio And Firm
Value: An Application In Bist.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316949980_Firm_Value_and_External_Financing_Needs

Lee, J., Son, J., & Sung, Y.K. (2014) Establishment Of Growth Strategies For Internal Construction Firms
By Exploring Diversification-Related Determinants And Their Effects.
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ME.1943-5479.0000529

Lee, S. (2014). The Relationship between Growth and Profit: Evidence from Firm-Level Panel Data
https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/streco/v28y2014icp1-11.html

Mahon, J.F., & Vanderwer, P. (1997). Meta- Analysis Of The Impact Of Research Methods On Findings Of
First-Mover Advantage
https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.43.11.1510
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Makinen, H., & Ryhänen M. (2012) Farmer Characterisitics, Farm Managament And Financial
Performance On Finnish Diary Farms.
http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=33690cc0-d6a2-4ba8-988a-
298b8ac3f983%40sessionmgr103&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=77408664&db=aph

Mitchell, W. (2000).The Dynamics of Evolving Markets: The Effects of Business Sales and Age on
Dissolutions and Divestitures.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271675019_The_Dynamics_of_Evolving_Markets_The_Effec
ts_of_Business_Sales_and_Age_on_Dissolutions_and_Divestitures

Morgan, N., & Rego, L. (2017). Firm Capabilities And Growth: The Moderating Role Of Market
Conditions
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11747-016-0472-y

Muhammad, M. Zahisyam, A. K. (2017).Financal Risk And Performance: Emperical Evidence From Ocbc
Bank (Malaysia)
https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/78348.html

Muhammad, A.S (2012). The Impact Of Socio-Economic Factors On Small Business

http://www.ukm.my/geografia/images/upload/3.geografia-jan%202012-M%20Amajad%20Saleem-
edited%2028.1.12-1.pdf

Radice H. K. (2004) Control Type, Profitability And Growth In Large Firms: An Empirical Study
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2229848?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

Rafiq, S. (2016). The Moderating Role Of Firm Age In The Relationship Between R&D Expenditure And
Financial Performance: Evidence From Chinese And US Mining Firms
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264999316300943

Kalyanaram,G., & Robinson, W. (2000). First-Mover Advantages From Pioneering New Markets: A
Survey Of Empirical Evidence
https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/43581/11151_2005_Article_BF01024216.pd
f?sequence=1

Coheen, A.P., & Shaheen, S (2009) North American Carsharing 10-Year Retrospective
http://trrjournalonline.trb.org/doi/abs/10.3141/2110-05

Shane, S. (2000). Hybrid Organizational Arrangements And Their Implications For Firm Growth And
Survival: A Study Of New Franchisors 2000
https://www.jstor.org/stable/256637?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Simon, L. (2000). Size, Strength And Profit

https://www.casact.org/pubs/proceed/proceed62/62041.pdf

Fort, T., Haltiwanger, J., Jarmin, S., & Miranda J. (2013). How Firms Respond To Business Cycles: The Role
Of Firm Age And Firms Size
http://www.nber.org/papers/w19134

Trzcinski, E., & Sobeck, J. (2012) Predictors Of Growth In Small And Mid-Sized Nonprofit Organizations In
The Detroit Metroplitan Area
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03643107.2011.627492
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

APPENDICES:
RESEARCH MATRIX

No.
Title Author Methods Results
1. How Firms Respond To Business Teressa C. Fort Survey Strong
Cycles: The Role Of Firm Age And John Haltiwanger Positive
Firms Size Ron S. Jarmin Correlation
Javier Miranda
2. How Small Business Manager’s Age Michael M. Gielnik Survey Positive
And Focus On Opportunities Affect Hannes Zacher Correlation
Business Growth: A Mediated Antje Schmitt
Moderation Growth Model Authors
3. The Impact Of Socio-Economic Muhammad Amjad Interview, Positive
Factors On Small Business Saleem Survey Correlation
4. An Analysis Of The Determinants Of Baba Insah Survey Moderate
Business Growth In Ghana: A Aliata I. Mumuni Correlation
Study Of Wa Municipal In The Paul Bangniyel
Upper West Region
5. The Secular Decline In Business Ryan Decker Survey, Negative
Dynamism In The U.S. John Haltiwanger Observation Correlation
Ron S Jarmin Javier
Miranda
6. The Cost Of Growth: Small Firms Anoosheh Survey Moderate
And The Pricing Of Bank Loans Rostamkalaei Correlation
Mark Freel
7. Determinants Of Market Extension In Marco Bettiol, Survey Moderate
Knowledge-Intensive Business Valentina De Correlation
Services: Evidence From A Regional Marchi,
Innovation System Eleonora Di Maria
Roberto Grandinetti
8. The Business Model Oliver Gassmann Survey Strong
Navigator Karolin Positive
Frankenberger
Michaela Csik
9. Interview, Negative
Entrepreneurship And Dynamic Richard J. Arend Survey Correlation
Capabilities: How Firm Age And
Size Affect The ‘Capability
Enhancement–Sme Performance’
Relationship
10. The Influence Of Firm Age And Observation Positive
Intangible Resources On The Brian S.Andersona , Interview Correlation
Relationship Between Yoshihiroeshimab1
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Basic Education Department
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Entrepreneurial Orientation And Firm

Growth Among Japanese Smes
11. Innovation And Firm Growth: Does Coadab , Survey Negative
Firm Age Play A Role? Alexagustísegarrac Correlation
Mercedesteruelc
13. The Influence Of Age On Smes’ Gonçalves, Marco Survey No
Growth Determinants: Empirical Serrasqueiro, Zélia Correlation
Evidence Authors Nunes ,Paulo
Maçãs
14. The Business Environment Of Small Belás, Jaroslav; Observation Positive
And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Demjan, Valér; , Interview Correlation
Selected Regions Of The Czech Habánik, Jozef;
Republic And Slovakia Hudáková, Mária;
Sipko, Juraj.

15. Grown-Up Business Cycles Benjamin W. Survey Moderate

Pugsley Correlation
Aysegul Sahin
16. Establishment Of Growth Strategies Yoo-Kyung Sung Survey Negative
For Internal Construction Firms By Jeehee Lee Correlation
Exploring Diversification-Related June-Seong Yi
Determinants And Their Effects. Jeungwook Son
17. Farmer Characterisitics, Farm Makinen, Heikki Survey, Strong
Managament And Financial Ylatalo, Matti Interview Positive
Performance On Finnish Diary Ryhanen, Matti Correlation
Farms.
18. Predictors Of Growth In Small And Trzcinski, Eileen Observation Negative
Mid-Sized Nonprofit Organizations Sobeck, Joanne Correlation
In The Detroit Metroplitan Area
19. The Age Of Temporary Advantage Richard A. D’aveni Survey Strong
Giovanni Battista Positive
Dagnino Relationship
Ken G. Smith
20. Strategic Management Of Small Jeffrey G. Covin Observation Positive
Firms In Hostile And Benign Dennis P. Slev , Survey Correlation
Environments
21. Firm Capabilities And Growth: The Morgan, Neil A. Interview Strongly
Moderating Role Of Market Rego, Lopo L. Negative
Conditions Correlation
22. Financal Risk And Performance: Mr. Muhammad Interview , No
Emperical Evidence From Ocbc Bank Zahisyam Abdul Survey Significant
(Malaysia) Karim Relationship
23. Sustainanble Pioneering Advantage? Boulding, William Observation No
 La Consolacion University Philippines
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Profit Implications Of Market Entry Christen, Markus Correlation

Order
24. Internet Companies’ Growth Eisenmann, Content No
Strategies: Determinants Of Thomas R Analysis Correlation
Investment Intensity And Long-Term
Performance
25. Achieving Business Success By Bernandez, N/A No
Developing Clients And Community: Mariano Correlation
Lessons From Leading Companies,
Emerging Economies And Nine Year
Case Study.
26. Meta- Analysis Of The Impact Of Vanderwer, Pieter Experiments No
Research Methods On Findings Of A.F Significant
First-Mover Advantage Mahon, John F. Relationship

27. Do Market Pioneers Maintain Their Chian, Jongwen N/A Strong

Innovative Spark Over Time? Robinson, William Positive
T. Relationship
28. Is The First Market The First To Ahmed Khwaja Experiment Negative
Fail? Emperical Evidence For Nathan Yang Correlation
Industrial Goods Businesses
29. Pioneer Advantage: Marketing Logic Peter N. Golder Interview Moderate
Or Marketing Legend? Gerarg J. Tellis Correlation
30. North Amrrican Carsharing 10-Year Shaheen, Susan Observation Moderate
Retrospective Coheen, Adam P. Correlation
31. Re-Examining Organizational Life Amir, A. M., & No
Cycles Criteria: An Analysis Of Auzair, S. M. Correlation
Service Organisations In Growth And (2017).
Maturity Stages.
32. Startups Struggle In Credit And Deffenbaugh, Ryan Survey Weak
Finance Markets To Survive And Positive
Grow. Correlation

33. How Do Age And Location Affect A Moos, Menisha Survey Moderate
Business? Evaluating The Objectives, Botha, Melodi Correlation
Outputs And Outcomes Of Small
Business Policy
34. Mitchell, Will Observation Negative
The Dynamics Of Evolving Markets: Correlation
The Effects Of Business Sales And
Age On Dissolutions And
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Divestitures.

35. Managerial Tenure, Business Age, Holmes, Thomas J. Content Positive

And Small Business Turnover. Schmitz, James A. Analysis Correlation
Jr.
36. Control Type, Profitability And Radice H. K. Content Positive
Growth In Large Firms: An Analysis Correlation
Empirical Study
37. Growth And Performance Contrasts Biriey, Sue And Observation Positive
Between ‘Types’ Of Small Firm Westhead, Paul Correlation
38. Research On Small Firm Growth: A Achtenhagen Content Moderate
Review ,Leona Naldi, Lucia Analysis Positive
Results
39. Firm Size And Rate Of Growth Hymer, Stephen Observation Strong
And Pashigian, Negative
Peter Relationship
40. Innovation And Firm Growth In High Coad, Alex / Rao, Content Positive
Tech Sector: A Quantile Regression Rekha Analysis Correlation
Approach
41. Iata Warns Airlines Face Growing Flottau, Jens/ Content Weak
Cost Challenges Schofield, Adrian/ Analysis Positive
Unnikrishnan, Relationship
Madh
42. The Relationship Between Financial Kurtaran, Ahmet/ Content Moderate
Ratio And Firm Value: An Kurtaran Çelik, Analysis Weak
Application In Bist. Melike/ Temizer, Correlation
Zekiye
43. Earnings Management Detection Goel, Sandeep N/A No
Over Earnings Cycles: The Financial Correlation
Intelligence In Indian Corporate.
44. Songwon Industrial Achieves Strong Elsevier B.V. N/A Weak
Sales And Profit Growth In 1h 2016 Positive
Correlation
45. Hybrid Organizational Arrangements Shane, Scott A. Content No
And Their Implications For Firm Analysis Correlation
Growth And Survival: A Study Of
New Franchisors
46. The Relationship Between Growth Lee, Sanghoon Content Strong
And Profit: Evidence From Firm- Analysis Correlation
Level Panel Data
47. Size, Strength And Profit Simon, Leroy J. Content Moderate
Analysis Correlation
48. The Moderating Role Of Firm Age In Rafiq, S Observation No
 La Consolacion University Philippines
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The Relationship Between R&D Correlation

Expenditure And Financial
Performance: Evidence From
Chinese And US Mining Firms
49. First-Mover Advantages From Robinson, William Negative
Pioneering New Markets: A Survey T. Observation Correlation
Of Empirical Evidence Kalyanaram,Gurum
urthy
50. Redefining Business Success: Headd, Brian Observation Strong
Distinguishing Between Closure and Positive
Failure Correlation
 La Consolacion University Philippines
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Basic Education Department
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NAME OF BUSINESS: _______________________________

Age of Business______________________(as of 2017)

STATEMENT: 5- 4- Agree 3- Neither 2- 1- Strongly

Strongly Agree nor Disagree Disagree
Agee DIsagree
1. Sales for this month last
month’s sales. (as of
November)
2. Supplies (product) rarely
got into surplus
3. Sales constantly increase as
year goes by.
4. Allocation of budget for
product expenses increases as
year goes by.
5. Sales for this month
exceeded the first month
sales.
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

January __, 2018

___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________

Dear Mam/Sir:

Warmest Greetings!

We would like to ask for some information that could help us in our research entitled “The
Possible Relationship between Operational Years in Industry of a Business and Sales as
Perceived by Food Businesses in Vicinity of Capitol View Park, Malolos Bulacan”

Your approval will be of great help and we assure that all the data will be treated with utmost
confidentiality.

Thank you very much!

Respectfully Yours,

Basallo, Lovely Joy A

Bondoc, Kristian Eldric P.
Caballero, Mary Ann Q.
Cabarloc, Charles Claire A.

Noted By:

Mr. Benedict de Jesus

Research Teacher

Prof. Olivia P. Almario

Principal
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Kristian Eldric P. Bondoc

509, Tubong, Sta. Ana, Bulakan, Bulacan
09358275082
bondockristianeldric@gmail.com

Objective:
To secure a responsible career opportunity, where I can fully utilize my training, human
resource and management skills, while making a significant contribution to the success of your
company

Educational Attainment:
Senior High School
Accountancy Business Management
La Consolacion University Philippines
Barasoain Campus, City of Malolos, Bulacan
June 2016 up to present

Junior High School

Taliptip National National High School
Taliptip, Bulakan, Bulacan
June 2012 to March 2016

Primary
Gen. Gregorio Del Pilar Elementary School
Sta. Ana Bulacan, Bulacan
September 2007 to March 2012

Santisima Trinidad Elementary School

Santisima, Malolos, Bulakan
June 2006 to September 2007

Awards and Recognitions:

Principal’s List: With Honors (1st Semester)
La Consolacion University Philippines
Malolos, Bulacan

Merit of Goodwill – Grade 8

Taliptip, National High School
Taliptip, Bulakan, Bulacan
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Personal Profile:
Nickname : Kristian
Birth Date : Dec 20 1999
Birth Place : Bulakan, Bulacan
Age : 18
Gender : Male
Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Nationality : Filipino
Language Spoken : Filipino
Weight : 68 kg
Height : 5’9

Character References:
Ms. Ericka Ann D. De Guzman
Filipino Language Educator
La Consolacion University Philippines
Barasoain Campus, City of Malolos
09262621976
Ma. Cecille R. Calara
Bank Teller
Land Bank (Balagtas Branch)
Balagtas, Bulacan
09253021376
micielmartinreyes@yahoo.com

Maureen Bianes
Business Woman
Rd 8 corner Rd 13 Pag Asa, Quezon City
09239210916
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Lovely Joy A. Basallo

Look 2nd City of Malolos, Bulacan
09970638412
lovelyjoybasallo@yahoo.com

Career Objectives

To practice my knowledge, learn new things and develop my personality as a career

person while utilizing my skills in a way that will benefit both me and my employer.

Educational Attainment

Senior High School

Accountancy, Business and Management
La Consolacion University Philippines
Barasoin Campus City of Malolos, Bulacan
June 2017-present

Junior High school

Marcelo H. Del Pilar National High School
City of Malolos, Bulacan
June 2013- March 2016

Tarlac National High School

Tarlac City
June 2012-March 2013

Primary Level
Look 2nd Elementary School
City of Malolos, Bulacan
June 2011- March 2012

Caramutan Elementary School

La Paz, Tarlac
June 2006- 2011
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

SKILLS
 Ability to work under pressure
 Time management
 Can speak both Filipino and English language
 Computer Literate
- Basic MS Word
- MS PowerPoint
- MS Excel
PERSONAL PROFILE

Nickname : Elle
Birth Date : August 30, 1999
Birth Place : Orani, Bataan
Age : 18
Gender : Female
Religion : Roman Catholic
Nationality : Filipino
Language Spoken : English and Filipino
Height : 5’3”
Weight : 45 kg

CHARACTER REFERENCES

Ms. Ana Luna

Sales Agent
JVChem and Industrial Sales
McArthur Highway Guiguinto, Bulacn
0956-417-2566

Ms. Ericka Ann De Guzman

Senior High School Filipino Faculty
La Consolacion University Philippines
Barasoin Campus City of Malolos, Bulacan
0926-262-1976

Ms. Venalyn B. Hapi

Bank Employee
China Bank Savings
San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan
0917-945-6715
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Charles Claire A. Cabarloc

Blk 30 Lt 08 EPDR M. Sapa Sta. Maria, Bulacan
09369079497
ccabarloc@yahoo.com

Objective:

To secure a responsible career opportunity, where I can fully utilize my training, human
resource and management skills, while making a significant contribution to the success of your
company

Education:

2016 – Present La Consolacion University Philippines

Barasoain Campus, City of Malolos, Bulacan

2012 – 2016 Dr. Crisogono B. Ermita Sr. Memorial National High School
Nasugbu, Batangas

2007 – 2012 Tordecilla Learning Center

Nasugbu Batangas

Personal Profile:

Nickname : Charles
Birth Date : July 11 2000
Birth Place : Nasugbu, Batangas
Age : 17
Gender : Male
Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Nationality : Filipino
Language Spoken : Filipino
Weight : 70 kg
Height : 5’11
 La Consolacion University Philippines
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Basic Education Department
Senior High School (A.Y. 2017-2018)

Skills:
 Proficient in some Microsoft Office applications such as:
1. Microsoft Office Power Point
2. Microsoft Office Word
3. Microsoft Office Excel
 Computer Literate
 Software Installation

Character References:

Ms. Ericka Ann D. De Guzman

Filipino Language Educator
La Consolacion University Philippines
Barasoain Campus, City of Malolos
09262621976

Ma. Cecille R. Calara

Bank Teller
Land Bank (Balagtas Branch)
Balagtas, Bulacan
09253021376
micielmartinreyes@yahoo.com

Maureen Bianes
Business Woman
Rd 8 corner Rd 13 Pag Asa, Quezon City
09239210916