STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES

Solution. The give truss is statically indeterminate to the second degree. Note that it has on
extra diagonal in the upper panel and either one extra diagonal or one extra reaction component
in the lower panel.
In the solution belo, the basic determinate structure ia obtained by cutting the diagonals BC
and DC and replacing them by paire of forces 𝑥𝑎− 𝑥𝑎 and 𝑥5− 𝑥1 , whice act on the basic truss in
addition to the apphed loading (Fig. 106)
The conditions for consistent deformation are
x𝑎𝐿𝑎
∆𝛼 - 𝑥𝑎 𝛿𝑎𝑎 – 𝑥𝑏 𝛿𝑎𝑏 = AaE
x𝑏𝐿𝑏
∆𝑏 − 𝑥𝑎 𝛿𝑏𝑎 - 𝑥𝑏 𝛿𝑏 = A𝑏E

Where 𝑥𝑎 and 𝑥𝑏 = tensile stresses in the redundant diagonals

𝛿𝑝𝑏 = relative movement in the 𝒫 direction due to a pair of
Unit loads acting in the 𝔮 direction
By the unit-load method, the following are computed (unit Is the deflection in
Feet if E is considered to be 1 kip/in.²) :

∆𝛼 = 18. 38 units together

∆𝑏 = 41.86 units apart
𝛿𝑎𝑎 = 8.128 units together
𝛿𝑎𝑏 = 𝛿𝑏𝑎 = 0.540 unit together
𝛿𝑏𝑏 =7.588 units together
Substituting the values of ∆and 𝛿 found above into the equations of
Consistent deformation,
x𝑎(10)
(- 18.38 ) – 𝑥𝑎 (8.128) – 𝑥𝑏 (0.540) = (2)(1)

x𝑏(10)
(+41.86) – 𝑥𝑎 (0.540) – 𝑥𝑏 (7.588) = (2)(1)

Solving

𝑥𝑎 = stress in diagonal BC= -1.54 kips or 1.54 kipscompression

𝑥𝑏 = stress in diagonal DC = + 3.39 kips or 3.39 kips tension

The answer diagram is shown in Fig 107𝛼.

A check on the consistency of the geometry of deformation can be performed by cutting

the diagonals. AD and CF of the truss shown in fig. 107𝛼 and showing that the relative
movement along AD and CF are aqual to the changes in the lengths of diagonals AD and C.
From Fig 107 it is seen that the relative movement of 32.68 unitts together between joints A and
D is consistent with the total shortening
 STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES
Solution. It has been computed in example 45 that, of the simple truss supported at 𝐿0
and 𝐿6 only,
1. A downward load of 1 kip at 𝐿2 causes
a Downword deflection of 4.4531 X 10−3 in. at 𝐿2
b Downword deflectionof 2.3844 X 10−2 in. at 𝐿6
2. A downward load of 1 kip at 𝐿𝐵 causes
a Downword deflection of 2,3844 X 10−3 in. at 𝐿2
b Downword deflection of 4.4531 X 10−2 in. at 𝐿6
In the present problem, let the unknown reactions be 𝑉2 kips down ward at 𝐿2 and 𝑉6 kips
downward at 𝐿6+ From the conditions of geometry if follows that

(4.4531 X 10−3 )( 𝑉2 ) + (2.3844 + 10−3 )( 𝑉6) = + 0.500

(2.3844 + 10−3 )( 𝑉2 ) + (4.4531 X 10−3 )( 𝑉6 )= 0

Solving,

𝑉2 = + 157.41 kips or 𝑉2= 157.41 kips downward

𝑉𝑐 = - 84.28 kips or 𝑉𝑐 = 84.28 kips upward

By statics

𝑉0 = 96.99 kips upward

𝑉8 = 23.86 kips downward

The stresses im all members corresponding to the four reactions as shown in Fig. 112b
can then be computed.

EXERCISE
1
𝜖5. Determine all reactions induced to act on the truss owing to a vertical settlement of 2

in. at the second support.

𝑈1 𝑈2 𝑈31 𝑈4 𝑈5 𝑈16

𝑉2 𝑉4
Area of all horizontal members = 6 sq. in
Area of all diagonal members = 4 sq. in
E = 30.000 k⁄in².

Exercise 65