STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES

Solution. The give truss is statically indeterminate to the second degree. Note that it has on
extra diagonal in the upper panel and either one extra diagonal or one extra reaction component
in the lower panel.
In the solution belo, the basic determinate structure ia obtained by cutting the diagonals ​BC
and ​DC a​ nd replacing them by paire of forces xa− xa and x5− x1 , whice act on the basic truss in
addition to the apphed loading (Fig. 106)
The conditions for consistent deformation are
xaLa
∆α - xa δaa – xb δab = AaE
xbLb
∆b − xa δba - xb δb = AbE

Where xa and xb = tensile stresses in the redundant diagonals

δpb = relative movement in the P direction due to a pair of
Unit loads acting in the q direction
By the unit-load method, the following are computed (unit Is the deflection in
Feet if ​E ​is considered to be 1 kip/in.²) :

∆α = 18. 38 units together

∆b = 41.86 units apart
δaa = 8.128 units together
δab = δba = 0.540 unit together
δbb =7.588 units together
Substituting the values of ∆ and δ found above into the equations of
Consistent deformation,
(- 18.38 ) – xa (8.128) – xb (0.540) = xa(10)
(2)(1)

(+41.86) – xa (0.540) – xb (7.588) = xb(10)

(2)(1)

Solving

​ -1.54 kips or 1.54 kipscompression

xa = stress in diagonal ​BC=

xb = stress in diagonal ​DC ​= + 3.39 kips or 3.39 kips tension

The answer diagram is shown in Fig 107 α .

A check on the consistency of the geometry of deformation can be performed by cutting

the diagonals. ​AD ​and CF of the truss shown in fig. 107 α and showing that the relative
movement along ​AD ​and CF a​ re aqual to the changes in the lengths of diagonals ​AD a​ nd C.
From Fig 107 it is seen that the relative movement of 32.68 unitts together between joints ​A ​and
D​ is consistent with the total shortening
 STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES
Solution. It has been computed in example 45 that, of the simple truss supported at L0
and L6 only,
1. A downward load of 1 kip at L2 causes
a Downword deflection of 4.4531 X 10−3 in. at L2
b Downword deflectionof 2.3844 X 10−2 in. at L6
2. A downward load of 1 kip at LB causes
a Downword deflection of 2,3844 X 10−3 in. at L2
b Downword deflection of 4.4531 X 10−2 in. at L6
In the present problem, let the unknown reactions be V 2 kips down ward at L2 and V 6
kips downward at L6+ From the conditions of geometry if follows that

(4.4531 X 10−3 )( V 2 ) + (2.3844 + 10−3 )( V 6 ) = + 0.500

(2.3844 + 10−3 )( V 2 ) + (4.4531 X 10−3 )( V 6 ) = 0

Solving,

V 2 = + 157.41 kips or V 2 = 157.41 kips downward

V c = - 84.28 kips or V c = 84.28 kips upward

By statics

V 0 = 96.99 kips upward

V 8 = 23.86 kips downward

The stresses im all members corresponding to the four reactions as shown in Fig. 112​b
can then be computed.

EXERCISE
ϵ5. Determine all reactions induced to act on the truss owing to a vertical settlement of
1
2
in. at the second support.
U1 U2 U 31 U4 U5 U 16

V2 V4
Area of all horizontal members = 6 sq. in
Area of all diagonal members = 4 sq. in
k
E ​= 30.000 in
².

Exercise 65