Report for SIWW & PUB 2018 Join Report from PED & OMD

Report on Working Visit to SIWW & PUB

8 – 12 July 2018
1. TechXchange
The programme was organized to provide platform for panel discussion and business pitching
session for PUB strategic partners and innovative technology providers briefly summarized below.
Detailed of programmes are in attachment.

1) Opening Keynote – Paradigm Shift in Water Innovation

2) 4 panel discussion were held on the following topics:
a) Debate: Is the low take-up rate of technologies in the water sector due to a lack of
innovative ideas?
b) Lighthouse Cases of Success
c) Markets Insights
d) Closing Panel – What’s the next big thing in water?
3) 4 bussiness pitching and investment pitching sessions were conducted where 12 companies
presented their technologies and innovation.

Key take away from the opening keynote speech:

1. Utilities management and maintenance were very challenging on the ground due to the
mass of information to be processed and analysed, which would be slow and tedious. The
innovation of technology for smart data management and precise diagnostic system since
the last decades have enable a paradigm shift of operation utilities asset management in
several aspects:
a. Operational: quick diagnostic of problem; fast action identification; targeted.
b. Finance : optimise capex since the repair can be targeted
c. Customers : improve satisfaction; fast response from operators; improve collection –
value for money.
d. Stakeholder : engagement by leadership is important to ensure success
implementation
e. Execution : adopt, adapt and must fit the purpose in the field.

2. Debate session: Is the low take-up rate of technologies in the water sector due to a lack of
innovative ideas?
a. Common points from the end users’ (utilities operator) perspectives:
i. Innovation might not necessary mean technology; what is needed is clever
way to implement a practical solution that solve the operator’s problem,
and meeting operation objectives. Many solutions miss match the actual
problems.
ii. Solution providers commonly lack the understanding of the big picture of
real operational objective :
1. Voice of customer – very important factor (no disruption no matter
where & when; well informed; don’t put customer at risk etc)

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2. Compliance - Regulator becoming stringent.

3. Cost – ROI; efficiency, saving, affordability;
iii. Standardisation is essential
1. Lack of the standard platform may end up with multiple different
plant; processes etc that restrict interoperability; a lots of emphasis
on standardisation of SCADA and control system in this era.
2. Competitiveness is the law of procurement
3. Proprietary may affect selection option and may be stucked with
specific vendor for life, if not handle with care
4. Should build/ optimise from existing platform/ structure rather than
rebuild with new technology and system.
5. Semi conductor industry shows a good standardisation model: same
SCADA, same control, plug and play, modular.
iv. The technology provider is over commercially minded and reluctant to adopt
and adapt their technology with trial; assume success story else where can
fully applicable.
v. Digital Era : common problem is too much data; what is needed is smart
digital analysed data that is useful as “information” for prediction and
decision making.
b. View from Technology Providers:
i. As a commercial company, can do standardisation but cannot drive
standardisation – need water industry to drive standard setting
ii. Technical provider must be pragmatic, considerate and understand
customer needs; communication is important.
iii. Emphasis on PQR –productivity, quality and resilient
iv. Water industry must encourage “user – provider” co development resemble
aerospace industry to enable “technology knowledge exchange – co-develop
– solve problem – review open problem”
v. Pilot trial may be too late - require investment.
vi. Public + private partnership is very important to drive standardisation.
vii. Utilities pay low

3. Lighthouse case of Success

a. Speaker profile (Andrew Benedole, Anaergia, Zenon founder sold to GE; Douglas R
Brown, Aquaventure, business modelling)
b. 3 types of company
i. Improvement to product
ii. Service – better delivery
iii. Blind space – just know there is a problem & try to solve problem
c. Business concepts:
i. Start from multidimensional
ii. then focus and maximise
iii. invest R&D
iv. make everything profit centre
v. driven by making what is different to the world
vi. Not only about profit, CSR is a part of business
vii. Engagement with stakeholder, e.g consultant with approving /
recommendation

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d. water industry is slow in uptake of technology –

i. innovation cycle may be 15 year or longer - inertial is always against you
ii. reserve and not in my backyard; wait and see.
iii. long consultancy process
iv. commercialisation is when the reverse happen – faster.
e. Circular economy is the trend - most resource in the garbage

4. Market insight
a. Membrane is a terrible bussines – 16 years ago no body use MBR, now over supply
b. Must understand who control the market/ distribution
i. In US – consultant control
ii. Asia – not heavily control by consultant; more control by EPC contractor
c. To speed up innovation and penetration process
i. To prove with actual performance - Nothing speak more than a working
plant.
ii. Try to innovate to use existing infrastructure
iii. Financial model : finance, build, operate – but the track record is the
challenge to overcome
iv. Listen to customer, don’t reinvent the will.
v. Lead university support R&D - spin off business
vi. Focus solution - champion
d. Market / culture
i. Easier to sell to industrial client than selling to the industries.
ii. Upcoming - China & India & Middle East & North Africa – Bureaucracy;
advisable to go through local but not signing up exclusive agent; technology
thief; need to be fast
iii. USA – customer very cautious; lead time very long
iv. Norway – good support from govern / big corp / leading university on
technology development – grant for demonstration plant; pilot trial.
v. Singapore – Lead university support PUB; could be faster.
vi. Australia – more blunt
vii. EU – more indirect

5. Closing panel
a. Big digital dream – municipal
b. Next big thing – sludge; water resource recovery – circular economy
c. Energy neutral;
d. “One water” – water cycle reflect the natural in the actual urban cycle – Singapore
embrace the concept now.
e. Reduce, reuse and recycle at source – uptake of technology is slow
f. Risk of doing what we are doing – to make a balance decision and to accept poor
performance.
g. Limitation of natural resources – land and water is the problem Singapore trying to
solve.
i. Newater embrace close water loop but overtime time, reuse water alone
can’t solve all problem because used water will increase with more water
use; cant stop industry from using water

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ii. Singapore projected water demand will double in 50years time, energy
footprint may be 4 times current
iii. Sustainable water-energy-waste as resource concept to promore circular
economy – reduce energy, low water; low waste – Tuas
iv. Support R&D and Technology – validate, test and confirmation. Long
process, solution in the drawing and waiting for the right time.
v. Early adoption of new technology is risky : failure; company close down –
1. Don’t over depend on PUB as funder
2. Works as partner with PUB for good start
3. PUB provide enterprise support for company to grow to have more
customers and business outside Singapore to ensure the company
can survive – to ensure continual support to the system use in PUB
facilities.

6. Business Pitching

Among the business pitching, one EU technology may worth further consideration: Cirtec
from Netherland.

a. Cirtec – Cellvation (STP Beemster) recover celluloic sludge from the crude sewage.
b. The cellulose fibre recovers can be reused as raw material for civil engineering
construction, paper, cardboard etc.
c. The remover of celuloic sludge from crude sewage reduces :
i. TSS removel about 55%
ii. COD removal about 30%
iii. Reduce aeration demand in biological process about 20%
iv. Reduce sludge production about 20%.

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2. Attend Hot Issue Conference – 8 July 2018

Workshop 2: Pre-treatment for Anaerobic Digestion, Which Technology?
Programme Introduction

Wastewater sludge is a good renewable energy source and its potential is commonly tapped through
anaerobic digestion to convert the organics into biogas. However, although anaerobic digestion is a
proven process, various factors can dampen its adoption, particularly the control and characteristics
of the waste used which would affect its efficiency. Pre-treatment of the sludge hence is a particularly
important step to ensure the digestion process is optimised and stabilised.

This workshop will present case studies and experiences from both utilities and the technology
providers on both traditional and emerging pre-treatment solutions for enhancing anaerobic digestion,
and provide the opportunity for all to discuss their efficiency, sustainability and operations and
maintenance (O&M) costs.

Presentation in the Morning

a) Survey of Water Utilities and Drivers for Thermal Hydrolysis

Jeff C. Moeller, Director of water Technologies, LIFT Program, Water Research Foundation
(WRF), USA

Key Note:

- Research has been done with international utilities operator on the Drivers on the installation
of THP.
- Most of the wastewater operators in USA have been selected thermo hydrolysis plants as their
main Anaerobic digester pre-treatment, reasons of installing were listed below
o Able produce less final sludge
o Final sludge production meet to Class A requirement of EPA which suitable for recycle.
o Reduce odour issue
o Increased anaerobic digester capacity
o Increased biogas productivity without appearance of primary sludge
o Increased the dry solid content (higher DS %)
o Reduced sludge viscosity
- Summary of the presentation:
o Co-digestion will become one of the popular activity in the wastewater industry for
anaerobic digester.
o THP will be the next favourable pre-treatment to anaerobic digester for the next 10
yrs.
o Wide spread of biogas recovery
o Interested in innovative technologies but limited deployment within 10 yrs

b) Using Thermal Hydrolysis to Optimize Treatment of Sewage Sludge

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Dr. Bill Barber, Technical Director, Cambi Inc., USA

Key Note:

- THP concept is similar as pressure cooker to pre-cook the sludge before sending to anaerobic
digester. It is to break down sludge structure into easier digested sludge for anaerobic digester.
- The THP increased the biogas generation in the anaerobic digester without the existing of
primary sludge.
- Increased the ammonium from 3 to 5 times compare to non THP digester.
- World leading THP installation, 64 nos world wide, 10% installed for Thames Water UK
- Best suitable for secondary sludge without primary sludge.
- The THP is required to work under an optimal temperature which around 165oC.
- The influence of the temperature to the THP will bring the benefits as per listed in the picture.

- Summary of the presentation:

o CAMBI has been installed 64 plants since 1995.
o THP change the sludge properties to enhance the sludge processing infrastructure,
including of digestion and dewatering.
o Main driver in applying THP is lowest whole life costs due to smaller infrastructure
requirements, higher renewable energy production and less biosolids to further
process.

c) Veolia’s Experience on Enhanced Sludge Digestion Pre-treatment Maximizing Waste to Energy

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Dr. Chen Xiaohua, Chief Engineer, Veolia Water Technologies, China

Key Note:

- Important to reduce on the sludge disposal volume.

- THP reduce the space of anaerobic digester.
- New design of Veolia THP suitable for all scale of municipal wastewater treatment system.
- Shorter SRT where only 20 to 30 mins is required.
- Summary of the presentation:
o Target for secondary sludge

d) TurboTec® - Proven Continuous Thermal Hydrolisis

Mr. Joost edens, Area Sales Manager, DMT Water Technology, Netherlands

Key Note:

- New branch in Malaysia

- Able to recover ammonia from sludge
- Target for secondary sludge
- Currently for pilot at Netherlands

e) Cooling for the THP Sludge: How to Make Energy Recovery Possible with New flash Cooler

Dr. Troels Hillstrom, R&D Director, Haarslew Industries A/S, Denmark

Key Note:

- Sludge after THP is in high temperature, it will need to cool down from 165 degree celcius to
45 degree celcius for AD process.
- Cooling system, i.e. flash tank is deem necessary to cool down the sludge form further
treatment in the AD.
- Two stage flash system in the overall process.
- Summary of the presentation:
o Assist in the heat recovery and means on the energy recovery.
o 22% Dry Solids content will provide the best performance for the THP in term of
energy saving.

f) Thermal Carbonisation: Back to the Future – A Utility Case Study

Mr. Eric Judenne, Biosolids & Air Technical Director, SUEZ, France

Key Note:

- Sludge treatment including three major steps: dewatering, conditioning and digest.
- Another type of pre-treatment, hydrolysis thermal carbonisation – consider as chemical
process.

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- Due to heat exchange, no chemical is required for the system.

- Summary of the presentation:
o Combination of Mesophilic Anaerobic digester and hydrolysisthermal carbonisation
system will provide better result, i.e. better sludge digestion, reduce of sludge volume,
reduce in digester volume compare to thermal hydrolysis plant.

g) Advanced Anaerobic Digestion Project in Changsha – Design, Construction, Commissioning

and Operation

Dr. Xue Yonggnag, Yongji Shanghai Energy Company, China

Key Note:

- In China having 5000 STPs with 60 AD, but only 1/3 are in normal operation. In 2018, China
also start to control on the sludge disposal, i.e. moving towards sludge volume reduction.
- Important to reduce on the sludge disposal volume.
- THP reduce the space of anaerobic digester.
- Target for secondary sludge in the THP.
- China is targeting more than 15 THP projects recently.
- Summary of the presentation:
o Waste activated sludge with < 20 days SRT will be best suit for THP with AD where
more sludge to be biodegradable and produce more gas.
o WAS with > 40 days SRT shows not much different in THP + AD concept

Panel Discussion

1. What is the best post-dewatering device?

ANS: Piston press provide higher OPEX but better result and energy consumption is lower than
belt press. Centrifuge must be fully automated for better efficiency. Belt press basically
provide lowest whole life cost but it usually required higher polymer consumption and reduce
in term of odour. Odour at the open device must be taken care. Preferable to select a device
with less polymer dosage to ensure the sludge is able to be used as fertiliser. Sludge cake with
DS content of 30% is encourage to use belt press but 35% to 45% is encourage to apply
centrifuge or piston press.

2. What is the prefer temperature in operating THP?

ANS: Pressure applied in the THP will control on the temperature of the THP. It is very much
depend on the target sludge required. Produce more biogas may operate at temperature of
160 to 170 degree celcius, to defragment of sludge, the THP may operate at 150 degree celcius.
However, higher the temperature, higher phenol produce. Normally THP produce 5 to 10 mg/l
of phenol but it increased to 15mg/l of phenol production when THP is operate at 160 to 185
degree Celsius.

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3. What is the source of water for the THP?

ANS: Not huge amount of water usage. The water is recycle for cooling system. Preferable
with fresh water for pathogens control.

4. What is the forecast for future pre-treatment for anaerobic digester?

ANS: Focus on THP.

Presentation in the Afternoon

a) PONDUS Thermochemical Hydrolisis (TCHP) for Improving Biogas Production, Digested Sludge
Dewaterability and Energy Balance of Solids Handling Processes

Mr. Gerhard Forstner, President, CNP-Technology Water and Biosolids Corporation, USA

Key Note:

- Induce of caustic soda in the system.

- Required to heat up to 160 degree Celsius as well.
- Hydrolysis for WAS only. Primary sludge is used to cool down the sludge.

- Summary of the presentation:

o PONDUS reduced viscosity of the sludge
o Able to increase monthly biogas production
o Higher dry solids content capture with same polymer dosage.

b) The Beneficial Use of Celluar Proterin Extracted from Excess Sludge – Thermal Alkali Hydrolysis
of Sludge and its Resource Utilization

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Mr. Jianguo Wang, Tianjin Yuchun Microbial Products Co. Ltd., China

Key Note:

- Liquid form the thermal alkaline hydrolysis is extracted to become fertiliser

- Summary of the presentation:
o Has been applied and used by farmer in China.
o Proven with healthier and more fruit production.

c) Biological Hydrolysis

Mr. Dorian Harrison, SUEZ

Key Note:

- Side stream hydrolysis, one type of pre-treatment to anaerobic digester.

- Summary of the presentation:
o 30% increase on the biogas generation.

d) Pre-treatment WAS using Free Nitrous Acid (FNA)

Prof. Jurg Keller, Deputy Director Research, Advanced Water Management Centre, The
University of Queensland

Key Note:

- New technology in the research.

- Targeting for upgrading project.
- FNA will caused cell hydrolysis and further break down of difficult sludge.

- Summary of the presentation:

o Increased in biogas production compare to normal AD

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o Higher pathogen removal

o Better volatile solids destruction
o Better solids content capture.

e) Electron Beam (eBEAM) as a disruptive technology for the pre-treatment for anaerobic
digestion

Dr. Suresh Pillaim, National Center for Electron Beam Research, Texas A&M University

Key Note:

- Common technology in electronic industry.

- This technology will change the characteristic of the sludge for ease of degradable in the
anaerobic digester.
- Benefit of using eBEAM as following:

- Summary of the presentation:

o Very new to wastewater industry.
o Not being develop into proper technology yet.

f) Optimizing THP – 2nd Generation THP and Techno-economical Model For Full Scale
implementation from Thames Water

Ms. Ester Rus, Principal Research Engineer, Thames Water, UK

Key Note:

- Thames Water currently operating 350 wastewater treatment works in UK that generate 1050
TDS/d Sludge.
- Currently operating 25 combine heat and power plants with total 300GWH of electricity
generation.
- THP from CAMBI is the primary pre-treatment of anaerobic digester at Thames Water, UK.

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- Currently own 8 THP and anaerobic digestion centres.

- 5 more THP sites are in the pipeline base on next financial period.
- A lot of improvement and modification has been done together with CAMBI in improving the
THP’s performance.
- Suggest for new generation of THP with arrangement in 2 stages which Thames Water has
been spending for the past two yrs in the R&D of the new arrangement
- Conventional THP arrangement is as following:

- New R&D finding of the second generation of THP as following:

- Summary of the presentation:

o Pilot plant has been built with proven result for the past 2 yrs. Result of comparison
as following:

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o Full scale 2 stages THP will be done at Mogden THP, with the installation of CAMBI
THP, 4 nos of the original AD will be converted into secondary digester and it is forseen
with increase of biogas and electricity by year 2016.

Panel Discussion

Ms Ester Rus, Principal Research Engineer, Thames Water, UK

Dr. Sudhir Murthy, PhD, PE, NEWhub, USA,

Dr. Winson Lay, General Manager, PUBm Singapore

Ms. An Lin, Senior Engineer, Beijing Drainage Group, China

1. Experience of the utilities in using Pre-treatment for Anaerobic Digester and why?
ANS:
UK: THP is currently the most popular pre-treatment technology for anaerobic digester.
Currently THP shows as most reliance and robust technology for the treatment. The main
driver of using THP is to reduce volume of sludge generation and disposal issue, i.e. location
and cost.
USA: Currently using THP for Washington DC. Main driver for the selection as well as reduce
the volume of sludge generation and disposal, secondary is looking into sludge reuse. The
sludge is currently use as fertiliser to the nearby farmer and will be market for selling soon.
THP provide consistency in the cake dryness which ease for further processing.
Singapore: THP reduce the food print and increase the capacity of the existing facilities. Main
driven is on the foot print and reduce of sludge in volume.
China: Currently apply THP as well in reducing the total sludge volume. It is also looking into
the recycle of sludge as fertiliser.
2. Maintenance issue faced by the utility operator.
ANS:

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UK: Well mixing in the digester is required for the overall process to work well. Energy
balancing and well maintenance of the equipment is to ensure the overall THP + AD in well
performing. Enquired high skill of operator and a dedicated team who can know the overall
concept and able to provide the assistance without any delay.
USA: High attention on the equipment and process safety is required. Required good operator
skill and good support from the supplier.
China: High and large amount of debris in the sewer line. Required good screening system to
enhance the performance.

3. Output from the AD.

ANS:
UK: currently not commercialised but free for farmer usage.
USA: stable sludge which meet to Class A standard. The 1st batch of reuse biosolids will be
soon commercialised.

Conclusion

The pre-treatment of the anaerobic digester has been focus on thermal hydrolysis plant (THP). This
technology has been developed since 1970s, which is not a new technology but the improvement on
the process is still on going. The driver on the application of this technology are as following:

a) Reduce of sludge volume for disposal - worldwide utilities operator have been restricted from
the availability of sludge disposal site
b) Recycle of sludge – the final product of sludge after THP is able to meet US EPA guideline of
CLASS A category. Thus, class A biosolids can be legally used as fertilizer on farms, vegetable
gardens, and can be sold to home gardeners as compost or fertilizer.
c) Increased biogas production – the waste activated sludge (secondary sludge) is normally
stabilized for digestion but the THP change the characteristic of the sludge with high
temperature and high pressure which making the sludge easier to be degradable. This will
assist the anaerobic digester in breaking the volatile solids and produce higher biogas volume
which is then transfer into energy for the sustainable wastewater treatment system operation.

Other than that, the operator also looking into reliable and robustness of the technology to be applied
to assist operator in meeting above driver. The workshop highlighted to the technology supplier on
the importance of after sale service and knowledge transfer. The know-how of operating the
technology shall be developed between the technology provider and the operator. Therefore the
improvement can be done for the future technology and meets to the operator needs.

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3. Industrial Water Solutions – 11 July 2018

Presented Notes

1. Singapore PUB working towards best solution for water demand and water quality for the
industry.
2. Mainly 4 sources:

3. High water quality demand for food, pharmaceutical, electronic and electrical industry.
4. Developed guideline for electronic and pharmaceutical industry on the water quality required
which can be downloaded for review.

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5. PUB targeting for the following:

a) Newwater as for replacement of drinking water
b) Future encourage of industry to recycle their own wastewater for internal use.

6. Water usage as per Singapore strategy will be as following:

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7. Hence in-house water recycling will reduce the total OPEX for the industry. Example was show
as following:

8. Based on survey done in Singapore with total of 120 industry participants produced the
following outcome:
a. Water usage in the industry was distributed as for cooling towers (40%), processing
water (36%), washing and flushing (13%) and boiler (11%)
b. Result of further information for cooling towers, boiler and processing water as per
following:

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c. Following to the above, the wastewater from the company mostly meeting to the
wastewater discharge requirement.
d. The following shows the difficulty component in the wastewater in considering of
water reclamation system:

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e. The following shows the obstacle for company in conducting their own reclaim water
system:

9. PUB encourage industry to conduct the following:

a) Water audit to identify the possible options of consumption of portable water
consumption
b) Funding to the industry who willing to conduct in house pilot project for water
reclamation system.
c) Success story of the industry of the pilot project was shared as following:
i) OPEX saving of reclaim water plant compare of buying new water from PUB.
ii) Example 1: Wyeth:

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iii) Example 2: Singapore Refining Company (SRC)

OPEX of Recycling water is SGD 1.28/m3 compare to NeWater cost of SGD
2.33/m3
iv) System selected by the industry mainly targeted for fully automated and
continuous operation with less maintenance attention.

Conclusion

PUB encourage of the water conservation and reclamation of water by the industry to reduce the
water production requirement from the both portable and new water processing plant.

3. Discussion with PUB – 12 July 2018

3.1 Operational Comparisons between IWK and PUB

a) Overall
i. PUB focus on whole water cycle organizationally this is reflected in 3 major
sections under the Operational Division i.e.”
: Used Water/Water Reclamation (Network and WRP); Potable Water
(Treatment Plants & Distribution); Catchment and waterways (Reservoirs and
Drainage).
ii. The sewer line system is designed based on flow rate of 200 l/day/PE to 300
l/day/PE however the actual water consumption is at 150 l/day/PE based on their
Plumbing Code. The sewer line is design to meet at least 50 years of operation
life time.
iii. Yearly OPEX of overall WRP is at SGD 70 million.
iv. Operation staff of 180 pax which split into shift, O&M and operator. Specifically
Ulu Pandan with 80 operators and Kranji having 60 operators.

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v. PUB is also currently shifting the into automation where the daily work is shifted
into cleaning and calibration of the instrument.

vi. IWK team was briefed specifically on the scope of Used Water/ Water
Reclamation as it is equivalent to Sewage Collection and STP services.

b) Network, Collection & Conveyance of Used water

i. PUB has enforcement authority upon illegal discharge into network and drains.
ii. Method of detecting illegal discharge is via monitoring devices for Heavy Metal
fixed at network point catering to at High risk areas e.g. semiconductor plant,
industry area suspected of illegal discharge
iii. Key motivator for monitoring and prohibition of illegal discharge is PUB
produces NEWater from Used water sources i.e. recycles the water many rounds
water quality and security a key issue.

c) Used Water WRP –

iv. More or less equivalent to IWK RSTPs set up, we did not get to visit but in
general they have similar concerns on operational efficiencies, major constraint
is land availability.

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d) ULU Pandan NeWater Plant–Keppel Seghers Visit

i. First Public Private Ownership by PUB
ii. BOO by Keppel Seghers 148MLD Newater 20yrs concession (since 28/3/2007)
iii. MF.RO>UV , Feed is treated effluent from Ulu Pandan Used water plant, Recovery
90%. 2 grades industry application (can be MF) and indirect potable =newater (5-
10% ) into reservoir
iv. Refer to Attachment A for detailed Keppel Site Visit Report.

3.2 PUB’s Sludge Management

In General: Key driver is no land for disposal, hence to reduce volume for disposal. Sludge is
incinerated at WTE (Tuas & Senoko) and ash ash disposed to Sembakau island. Sludge at
Changi WRP dried (as long distance) to reduce cost of trucking to WTE (incineration). Sludge
from other WRP located near Tuas trucked at 20% ds.

In Specific CAMBI Technology & site visit:

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CambiTHP Plant processed waste activated sludge (WAS) from Jurong WRP together with FOG.
Before THP biogas volume 3000-4000m3/day, after 6000m3/day. 1 MW biogas to electricity plant.

THP – Thermal Hydrolysis Process : Steam pre-treatment of sewage before advance anaerobic
digestion. This can increase biogas production and pathogen free (stabilised biosolids product, can
directly applied to the land)

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Advantages of THP:

a. Low footprint, higher digester capacity

b. Smaller quantity of end product for disposal

c. enhance biogas production

d. High-quality biosolids product - pathogen-free, no negative odour

e. Improve Dewaterability after digestion – up to 45% DS

Co-digestion at Jurong WRP

Only food grease has been throw into the digester. The food grease from the hawker centre. The
charges of the food grease is at SGD 7/m3.

Sludge Generation

Example for Changi WRP is with 600 tonne of sludge with 25% dry solids.

3.3 R&D Strategy Focus Areas

Key driver: water quality & security. Done in collaboration with Universities and external
technology suppliers. Provide test bed services. Leverage as water technology hub.
Resources Key Domain experts and Tech Department and water Quality testing department
about 100 personnel.

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Singapore Water Exchange set up within Waterhub to facilitate industry and support
technology ecosystem.

4.0 Green Tech Approach & Applications

 Comes under Ministry of Environment and Water Resources Singapore, part of effort for
environmental sustainability and climate change resilience.
 In line with SDG 13, Singapore Climate Action Plan 2018 to create awareness to integrate
climate action into national policies. Implement Carbon tax by 2019 for industries
emitting >25,000ton CO2eq/yr.
 PUB’s green technology comes under sustainability department.

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5.0 List of Product Booth Visited

Company Category Product Contact Person Contact Number Potential for future application for IWK
Name
Fluence Wastewater Membrane Adrian Low, 019-9799200 US based technology with attached
treatment Aerated Biofilm Malaysia Country growth system. Required good pre-
system Reactors (MABRs) Manager treatment. Set up Malaysia office.
Anacle Smart city Communication Wendy Lim, Corporate +65 6734 9012 Potential to assist IWK for smart system
Systems control and control Communications & development.
limited gadget Investor Relationship
Manager
CDE Asia Sludge Converting the dry Prasun Kumar Dutta, +91 9874376333 Once the sludge is meeting the grade for
Limited Management sludge into Manager – Project Sales recycle. It can be used for secondary
secondary used. application, i.e. concrete
Trislot Pre-treatment Manufacturer of Corey R. Brightwell, Sales +61 477 269 410 Technology that able to provide custom
All kinds of fine Manager APAC make super fine screen which is good
screen and super for specific treatment process which
fine screening required high pre-treatment concern.
product in
stainless steel
Eco Solution Instrument All kinds of sensor Lim Kai Keng, Business 012-6125899 For better understanding and to check
Services Sdn Development Manager on the potential automation at the STP.
Bhd
George Instrument Sensors, flow Riduan Bin Deraman, Key +65 6747 0611 Potential into providing services for the
Fischer Pte. meter and control Account Manager Trade effluent control system.
Ltd. system
Partech Instrument Sensors and David Wilson, Sales +44(0)1726879800 Potential into providing services for the
Instruments control system Manager Trade effluent control system.

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Company Category Product Contact Person Contact Number Potential for future application for IWK
Name
UES Holdings Contractor Design and built Clarice Lim, QEHS +65 9152 4343 Specialized in design and build project.
Pte Ltd Manager

Trident Water Industrial Electro http://www.tridentwater. +65 6634 0863 Potential as pre-treatment for electric
System wastewater contaminant com.sg/contact.html industry
treatment removal system
Buckman Pre-treatment, Coagulant and RO https://www.buckman.co +65 68919200
Laboratories Process system m/industries/power-
(Asia) Pte Ltd Monitoring and utilities/
process
optimisation
Wam Group Sludge Conveyer system 603 7734 0456
treatment
Kajima Sludge Biogas and co- https://www.kajima.co.jp Provide co-digetion pre-treatment
Corporation Treatment digestion /english/welcome.html which may be good for IWK to explore.

Water
Desalination +
Reuse
The Water Research Jeff C. Moeller jmoller@waterrf.org Potential for IWk to join the discussion
Research Organisation platform to understand the worldwide
Foundation involve of industry changes.
worldwide
utility operator.

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Company Category Product Contact Person Contact Number Potential for future application for IWK
Name
TMW Industrial EcoStillTM Florian AUTERE, Business +658287 1714 Purified wastewater for recycling and
Technologies wastewater Development Manager reuse.
treatment
Scottish Utilities Ken Hutchison, +44(0) 7875 879 933 Contact on the operation issue faced in
Water operator from Managing Director Ken.Hutchison@scott UK. Exchange of experience and view.
International UK ishwater.co.uk Follow up on the latest technology
change in UK.
CAMBI Sludge THP Marius Kleiven, Director +65 9776 1104 Sludge volume reduction and better
treatment Cambi Asia Pacific and sludge quality for reuse purpose. IWK to
China explore further.
ZWEEC Water quality AquaTEC Edmund Ong +65 87979727 On site monitoring to understand the
monitoring wastewater effluent to the
environment. Life fish is used for the
monitoring purpose.

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ATTACHMENT A
ULU Pandan NeWater Plant–Keppel Seghers Visit

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Keppel Seghers Ulu Pandan NEWater Plant Briefing and Site Visit on
12th July 2018

Keppel Seghers Ulu Pandan NEWater Plant is Singapore’s fourth NEWater plant and has a capacity to
produce 148,000m3 of NEWater per day. The plant is currently the second largest in Singapore and
has the capacity to produce a third of Singapore’s NEWater supply. Awarded by PUB in early 2005 to
design, build, own and operate the plant for 20 years under the Public Private Partnership initiative,
the plant meets the demand from the industrial and commercial sectors in the western and central
regions of Singapore. The plant is located within PUB compound area and was opened officially on 28
March 2007.

In 2016, the capacity of NEWater plant has been increased by 10% i.e. able to produce 162,800 of
NEWater per day via recovering the reject water from RO system. The recovery rate now is at 90%.

Figure 1.0: Schematic Flow of Keppel Seghers Ulu Pandan NEWater Plant (Expansion Plant in red)

NEWater is treated used water that has undergone stringent purification and treatment using
advanced dual-membrane (microfiltration and reverse osmosis) and ultraviolet technologies. Source
of water is from treated effluent from Ulu Pandan wastewater treatment plant. Selection of pre-

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treatment system (either microfiltration or ultrafiltration) is important to meet specification of RO

requirement (i.e. silt density index etc). Expected higher cost if using the ultrafiltration for pre-
treatment system.

The selected system design is as below:

Based on Figure 1.0 above, the feed (i.e. treated effluent from Ulu Pandan WWTP) will be flowing to
EQ Tank basically to control the fluctuation of the incoming/feed flow. This will ensure constant flow
level to the downstream process. MF feed pump will be used to transfer the flow to MF strainer and
microfiltration (MF) membrane system. The strainer will filter out all the particles that is more than
10 micron to protect the MF. The filtrate passing through the MF will be stored at MF filtrate tank
before being transferred to RO system. After passing the RO system, the filtrate water will be passing
the UV system and finally being stored at the product water tank prior to distribution.

In term of quality of NEWater produced, it is meeting purely drinking water requirement but without
polarization (adding fluoride and chloride). Besides being used by the industries for non-potable usage,
some of the NEWater produced will be discharged into reservoir for indirect potable use. Two
chemicals are used in the system i.e. caustic soda for neutral pH adjustment and chlorine to ensure
chlorine residual is maintained at less than 2ppm to avoid regrowth of bacteria in the storage tank
and distribution line.

Monitoring of incoming feed is via daily online instrumentation (i.e. TOC, pH, Conductivity, Turbidity)
as well as for NEWater produced (i.e. TOC, pH, Conductivity, Turbidity & Residual Chlorine). Offline
monitoring for full set of parameter is carried out weekly by accredited lab. In the event if feed water
exceeded the required quality limit, PUB can dilute the effluent from WWTP with potable water in
order to meet the required feed quality limit.

Previously, the water recycling plant was producing industrial water from the microfiltration (MF)
system. As to-date, only NEWater is produced using the combination of MF, RO and UV system. The

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demand of NEWater production varies depends on PUB. Turbo charges and variable speed drive (VSD)
is used to easily manage the energy /output demand of NEWater. The charging of NEWater paid by
PUB to Keppel is based on Fix Fee (to cover Capital Cost) & Variable Fee (to cover Operational Cost
based on amount of NEWater supplied to PUB). If low demand of NEWater from PUB, treated effluent
from Ulu Pandan wastewater treatment plant will be discharged / overflow to dedicated effluent
channel direct to the sea. The waste discharge / reject water from the membrane system will also
flowing to dedicated effluent channel direct to the sea.

The ‘ultra-clean’ NEWater produced by Keppel Seghers Ulu Pandan NEWater Plant is currently being
used in wafer fabrication, chemical/petrochemical industries and other non-potable applications in
manufacturing and air conditioning cooling towers in commercial buildings. Under the contract
agreement, Keppel Seghers will only produce the NEWater as per volume agreed between Keppel and
PUB. PUB will handle on water distribution to the customer and marketing the NEWater. Singapore
target on bioeffluent reuse is to reclaim every single drop of water.

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ATTACHMENT B
Presentation Slide of PUB

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