Management: Takes place within an organization/ in a structure

At the very top of a structure under which everything falls.

Leadership: Foundation of a structure upon w/c an org. is built; permeates thru active organization

Manager (within an org.): Allocates resources (Human, Financial, Physical, Info

Using the functions of:

Planning (ex. Creating budget w/c would then become a major control mechanism)
Organizing (ex. Structuring up human resources into an org chart)
Leading (ex. Influencing others to achieve org. goals created in the planning fxn)
Controlling (ex. Comparing budget w/ actual figures & taking corrective actions if necessary)

These four functions are connected with each other. They have this interrelationship & dependencies upon each other.

Performing this fxn most Efficiently & Effectively, creates a competitive advantage w/c leads to achieving organizational
goals.

Functions of Management
Importance:
Purpose of Department (eg. Quality control, recruitment, training)
Frontline Leader (helps appreciate the activities and tasks one needs to do)

POSDICON (Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Control)

Planning: Charting the future; Deciding in advance (What:Mission, When:Vision, How:Objectives) of a

company or plan to improve certain business metric of your team. It is identifying what you want, when you
should achieve it, & how it will be achieved.

Organizing: Backbone of Management; Grouping of activities together; Creating organizational structure/

hierarchy of the business; Ensures that whatever necessary items that business or dep’t needs are
met (e.g., needs for materials like machineries/computers, capital, personnel).
Recruitment: In a dep’t, all employees that hire additional employees are grouped under the
recruitment dep’t.
Marketing Sales: Those who advertise & sell products serve under this group
Productions/Operations: Those who actually make the product and services
Organizational Structure: Its delegation of authority & creation of responsibilities & tasks.

Staffing: Commonly assoc. w/ Hiring & Promotion; Involves training & development, Renumeration/
Compensation/ Salary & Performance Appraisal.

Directing: Makes the plan concrete. Involves supervision, motivation, leadership & guidance of employees.
These are done to ensure that org. goals are met.

Controlling: Measuring performance, set of standards and correcting any deviation. Performance vs. Target;
Corrective Actions. (Not achieving goals? Controlling is creating necessary steps to correct & achieve
targets.

OVERALL:

Planning: Done by middle managers & up (e.g., Dep’t managers/ district heads)
Organizing: Done by HR/ Senior managers
Staffing: Handled by training, recruitment & HR
Directing: Handled by Frontline Leaders/ Operations
Control: Handled by Quality Control
Theory: Management theories are the set of general rules that guide the managers to manage an organization.
Theories are an explanation to assist employees to effectively relate to the business goals and
implement effective means to achieve the same.
Principle: A principle is a fundamental truth and is generally stated in the form of cause and effect inter-
relationship. Management principles are the statement of general truth providing guide to thought
or action. In the words of Herbert G. Hicks, “Principles of management are the guiding rules of laws
for managerial action.”

Skills: Management skills can be defined as certain attributes or abilities that an executive should possess in
order to fulfill specific tasks in an organization. They include the capacity to perform executive duties
in an organization while avoiding crisis situations and promptly solving problems when they occur.
Management skills can be developed through learning and practical experience as a manager. The
skills help the manager to relate with their fellow co-workers and know how to deal well with their
subordinates, which allows for the easy flow of activities in the organization. Kantz ( Conceptual Skills,
Technical Skills & Human Skills)
Roles: specific behaviors, actions and conduct that all managers need to demonstrate to be successful.
Management roles include interpersonal, informational and decisional roles.

Managers:

Leaders: A person or thing that holds a dominant or superior position within its field, and is able to exercise a
high degree of control or influence over others.