What is diffusion?

NET MOVEMENT OF PARTICLES from a region of HIGHER

CONCENTRATION to a region of LOWER CONCENTRATION
Particles continue to concentration of particles is uniform throughout & until it reach an
diffuse until ..? EQUILIBRIUM
Name the 5 factors Concentration gradient (steeper, faster); Size of particles(smaller, faster),
affecting rate of Temperature(higher, faster); Thickness of barrier (thinner, faster); Surface
diffusion area to vol. ration (larger, faster)
What is the function To INCREASE SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO to absorb the
of root hair? WATER & MINERAL SALTS
What is osmosis? Movement of WATER MOLECULES from a region of HIGHER WATER
POTENTIAL to a solution of LOWER WATER POTENTIAL through a
PARTIALLY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE
Describe what will The water would ENTERthe cell, causing it to EXPAND and BURST
happen to an animal
cell in a hypertonic
solution
Describe what will Water LEAVES the cell, causing it to SHRINK in size. Little SPIKES
happen to an animal appear on the cell membrane. The cell is CRENATED. The cell becomes
cell in a hypotonic DEHYDRATED and eventually dies.
solution
Describe what will The VACUOLE INCREASES in size, and PUSHES CELL CONTENTS
happen to a plant AGAINST THE CELL WALL [TURGOR PRESSURE]. The strong and
cell in a hypertonic inelastic cell wall exerts an OPPOSING FORCE. This prevents the
solution OVER-EXPANSION OF CELLS; ENTRY OF MORE WATER; CELL
FROM BURSTING. The cell is turgid.
Describe what will VACUOLE DECREASES in size, CYTOPLASM SHRINKS FROM
happen to a plant CELL WALL and the cell is PLASMOLYSED. This causes the plant to be
cell in a hypotonic FLACCID. If plant CELLS are PLASMOLYSED for too long, the
solution PLANT starts to wilt and eventually dies.
What is active A process in which ENERGY IS USED to MOVE PARTICLES of a
transport? substance AGAINST a concentration gradient from a region of LOWER
CONCENTRATION to a region of HIGHER CONCENTRATION