HSB4U1-02

Morgan Thibeault

The Arab Spring

and the Controversy
Over Change
What do we know about the Arab Spring?

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https://gopantone.wordpress.co
m/tag/tyler-hicks/

● Approximate time of occurrence

● What were the main causes of it?
● What might have occured?
● Who might have been involved?
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● Where did it happen?
 Video

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 MAPS

our office

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Arab Spring
● For some, it was the road to democracy
● Toppled their own dictators
● Act of protest galvanized the Arab world, changing
the face of the region forever
● Angered youth, enraged over unemployment and
lack of development demanded the ouster of the
government
● Violent protests were a commonly occurring thing all
over
● Government was not proactively creating jobs, and only
seemed to react when violence occured
● The main goals of the public participating in the protests
seeked free election, democracy, human rights,
employment increase, regime change and equality for all
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 The Faces Behind the Names
TUNISIA EGYPT ALGERIA
President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali President Hosni Mubarak President Abdelaziz Bouteflika

SYRIA YEMEN LIBYA

President Bashar al-Assad President Ali Abdullah Saleh ousted President Muammar Gaddafi

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Morocco Jordan LEBANON
King Mohammed VI King Abdullah Michel Suleiman

BAHRAIN SAUDI ARABIA KUWAIT

Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa King Abdullah Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah

OMAN
Qaboos bin Said

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 Important Dates
17 December 2010: In Tunisia, fruit vendor Mohamed 12 January 2011: Algeria faces a state of emergency as riots
Bouazizi lights himself aflame after being quickly escalate into self-immolations.
apprehended by police for failing to have a license to sell
goods. Bouazizi’s arrest leads to reports of police 14 January 2011: Tunisian president Ben Ali flees to Saudi
brutality. His demonstration sparks nationwide Arabia when he is ousted for his role in the country’s
protests to end the Tunisian president Zine El Abidine
unemployment, food inflation, political corruption, and
Ben Ali’s rule.

THIS IS YOUR
3 January 2011: In Algeria, violence erupts as protesters
lack of freedom of speech.

26 January 2011: In Syria, protests begin after a public

claim the government is responsible for corruption,
PRESENTATION
limitations on freedom of speech, and poor living
conditions.
incident of police brutality, continued arrests, and the
abuse of children.

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8 January 2011: In an effort to calm the waters, the
Algerian government lowers food prices and cuts taxes
on sugar and cooking oils; this, however, is
unsuccessful.
27 January 2011: 16,000 protesters in Sana’a, Yemen raise red
flags about high unemployment rates, poor economic
conditions, and corruption.
 18 February 2011: The opposition holds control of Libya’s third
3 February 2011: Human rights activists, notably politician largest city, Benghazi, and the regime’s military forces are
Tawakkol Karman, call for a “Day of Rage” in Yemen. unsuccessful at taking back control of the city.
Nearly 20,000 protesters gather, demanding President
Ali Abdullah Saleh step down. 20 February 2011: Libyan protests and violence spread to
Tripoli, but government forces manage to keep most of the
10 February 2011: Violence escalates and Egyptian city. On the same day, the Bahraini military kills 20 protesters
President Hosni Mubarak resigns. Egypt’s military
and injures more than 100 at the Pearl Roundabout, a
dissolves the country’s parliament and a civilian, Essam
demonstration that had over 150,000 civilians.
Sharaf, is appointed the country’s leader.
February 2011: The Algerian government takes actions to
14 February 2011: Citizens gather in Bahrain to protest
lower the costs of food, boost employment, and crack
for human rights and political freedom. Peaceful protests
down on political corruption, although the country
THIS IS YOUR
end in violent police raids.

15 February 2011: Anti-government protests spread

continues to struggle with protests that are controlled by a
strong police force.

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throughout Libya.

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15 March 2011: The city of Damascus, once a pinnacle in
Ottoman history, is now under siege by
anti-government rebel forces. The Syrian
government arrests close to 3,000 civilians. Violence
continues for a year.
17 March 2011: With the help of the UK, the US, and
France, Libya’s rebel forces end President Saif al-Islam
Gaddafi’s 42 years in power with a bombing campaign in
Tripoli.
3 June 2011: Yemen’s President Saleh flees to Saudi
THIS IS YOUR
Arabia after an assassination attempt.
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23 September 2011: Saleh pretends to remove himself
from power in Yemen and hands the presidency to Vice
President Abd al-Rab Mansur al-Hadi.
21 February 2012: Also in Yemen, al-Hadi becomes the nation’s
president when he wins an election as the only candidate.
March 2012: Violence spreads to the Syrian cities Idlib,
Al-Qusayr, and Rastan.
9 March 2012: Bahrain’s government arrests citizens such as
doctors and bloggers. Close to 3,000 people are arrested
with reports of torture while in police custody. The
government shuts its doors to human rights groups and
media organisations.
Envelope #1
Group Readings
 Arab
Sprin
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 1. On January 3rd of 2011, what did Algerian
protesters blame government for?

Algerian protesters claimed the government was responsible

for the corruption, limitations on freedom of speech, and poor
living conditions.

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 2. What did vendor Mohamed do that sparked what
was claimed to be the beginning of the Arab Spring?

Fruit Vendor Mohamed lit himself aflame in public.

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 3. What was a common political slogan amongst
the people?

‫اﻟﺷﻌب ﯾرﯾد إﺳﻘﺎط اﻟﻧظﺎم‬

"the people want to bring down the regime"

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 4. How many countries were involved?

There were a total of 13 countries involved in the Arab Spring.

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 5. How many years was Mubarak in power?

Mubarak was in power for a total of 29 years.

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 6. What was the common reaction of the regime,
military, and police to the protests?

The regime, military, and police generally ended up

responding with violence rather than peace.

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 7. How did Algeria react to protests in attempts to
please the people?

In an effort to calm the waters, the Algerian government

lowered food prices and cuts taxes on sugar and cooking oils.

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 8. With Mubarak’s presidency in Egypt lasting
almost thirty years, what did this make him?

He was the longest serving ruler since Muhammad Ali Pasha

(1805-1848)

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 9. What was one of the main barriers standing in
front of the people and achieving this change?

Strong traditional values

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 Congratulations
Team #2

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Why do you believe
this activity went
the way it did?
 1 Envelope
Transition #2
headline

Let’s start with the first set of slides

What Did Each Group Find?

Anthropological Sociological Psychological

Perspective Perspective Perspective
Why do you think group 1
and 2 were more successful
finding answers?
 Video

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 The Contribution of
Technology
In the Revolution Spreading to the Outside World
● Technology played a big part in the Arab Spring, ○ Communication
connecting people from Tunisia, Egypt and other ■ For over two years Egyptians protesters
the participating countries sharing:
exchanged information online with youth from
○ Tips: They taught one another the
Tunisian which lead to them taking the Tahrir
importance of standing up for their
Square in 2011
beliefs and shared information about
■ On websites like Facebook, they planned
protecting yourself from rubber bullets by
where and when they would meet and rally in
padding one’s chest with cardboard and
the streets against the government and regime
plastic bottles
■ Technology also allowed communication with the
● Technology also allowed protesters to document
outside world about what was going on to
the police brutality and crime being committed by
raise support
the army when protests went violent

25 January 2011: Close to 18 days of protests, most in Tahrir Square, plague Egypt after the government tries to
censor Internet access, making it difficult for citizens to organise through the social media.
 “There are moments in history when
just because things were the same way
in the past doesn’t mean they will be
that way in the future.”
~Barack Obama
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PRESENTATION
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89,526,124$ What Came
Next?
That’s a lot of money

185,244 users
And a lot of users

100%
Total success!

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 Instructions for use
The
Arab EDIT IN GOOGLE SLIDES
Click on the button under the presentation
preview that says "Use as Google Slides
EDIT IN POWERPOINT®
Click on the button under the presentation
preview that says "Download as PowerPoint

World
Theme". template". You will get a .pptx file that you can
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delete slides. used in this presentation (you’ll find the links to
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Late April 2012: A nationwide ceasefire is declared, but fighting between the Syrian government and
opposition
More info continues
forces . template at www.slidescarnival.com/help-use-presentation-template
on how to use this

This template is free to use under Creative Commons Attribution license. You can keep the Credits slide or
22 November 2012: In Egypt, new anti-government protests erupt when President Mohamed Morsi is
mention SlidesCarnival and other resources used in a slide footer.
sworn into power.
The Lessons Learned
● “If you don’t remove the regime,
you’re just removing a person.”
○ Egypts, “biggest mistake [they]
made was leaving the square.”
● Even now, the economy is still
suffering with the same problems
after the Arab Spring
● change is
In conclusion,
expensive. So what did this
change cause the Arab world?
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3,500
Estimated dead in Syria

250 900
Estimated dead in Yemen Estimated dead in Egypt

Under 100 300

Estimated dead in Bahrain Estimated dead in Tunisia

Overall estimated death toll in total:

30,000
Estimated dead in Libya 35,050
 Now that you know the results of
these years for fighting for change,
do you believe it was worth it?
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PRESENTATION
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 Work Cited
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https://www.biography.com/people/bashar-al-assad-20878575

INSTRUCTIONS FOR
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protest unemployment. https://www.cnn.com/2013/03/12/world/africa/tunisia-self-immo lation/index.html
Abouzeid, R. (2011, January 21). Bouazizi: The Man Who Set Himself and Tunisia on Fire.
USE http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2044723,00.html
Åsbrink, E. (2015, September 10). “The Arab Spring” - A Timeline.
https://www.dissidentblog.org/en/articles/arab-spring-timeline
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http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14121440
EDIT IN GOOGLE SLIDES EDIT IN POWERPOINT®
FilmFestival. (2014, December 5). We Are the Giants. Retrieved from
Click on the button under the
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yspWxHq8g&t=4s Click on the button under the
Newsela Thepresentation
Arab Spring New preview thatRetrieved
Map Of. (n.d.). says from presentation preview that says
http://be-society.me/map-of-the-arab-spring.html/newsela-the-arab-spring-new-map-of
"Use as Google Slides Theme". "Download as PowerPoint template".
Noujaim, J. (Director). (2013). The Square[Video file]. Retrieved from netflix.com/thesquare
Lageman You will
T. (2016, get a3).copy
January of Bousazizi:
Mohamed this Youworth
Was the Arab Spring will dying
get a .pptx file that you can
for?.
document on your Google Drive edit in PowerPoint.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/12/mohamed-bouazizi-arab-spring-worth-dying-151228093743375.html
Lombardo, C. (2016, January 16). The Pros and Cons of Dictatorship
and will be able to edit, add or
http://visionlaunch.com/pros-and-cons-of-dictatorships/#
Remember to download and install
delete slides.
Rettig, J. (2011, November 8). Death Toll of the Arab Spring. the fonts used in this presentation
You have to be signed in to your (you’ll find the links to the font files
https://www.usnews.com/news/slideshow/death-toll-of-arab-spring
Rose, K. (2015, April 3). Why Traditions Matter.
Google account. needed in the Presentation design
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/katharine-rose/why-traditions-matter_b_6993290.html
Wikipedia. (2018, April 14). Yemeni Revolution. Retrieved from slide)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemeni_Revolution
Wikipedia. (2018, April 15). Arab Spring. Retrieved from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Spring
Wikipedia. (2018, April 15). Hosni Mubarak. Retrieved from
More info on how to use this template at www.slidescarnival.com/help-use-presentation-template
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak
Wikipedia. This
(2018,template is freeyurid
April 16). Ash-shab to use under Creative Commons Attribution license. You can keep the Credits
isqat an-nizam. slide or
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ash-shab_yurid_isqat_an-nizam
Worrall, J. (n.d.). Oman: The "Forgotten" Corner ofother
mention SlidesCarnival and the Arabresources used
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36http://www.mepc.org/oman-forgotten-corner-arab-spring
Zoubir, Y. H. (2016, February 15). Algeria After the Arab Spring. Retrieved from
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