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Table of Contents

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3

Crises preparedness plan ................................................................................................................. 4

Example: Hospital Crises Preparedness Plan .............................................................................. 5

Implementation of the plan ............................................................................................................. 6

Organization and management .................................................................................................... 6

Activation ................................................................................................................................ 6

Transportation .......................................................................................................................... 6

Command and coordination structure: Committee .................................................................. 6

Human resources ......................................................................................................................... 7

Delivery of care ........................................................................................................................... 7

General resources ........................................................................................................................ 7

Recommendations and Conclusion ................................................................................................. 7

References ....................................................................................................................................... 9
 Crises Preparedness Plan (CPP)

Introduction

From a healthcare perspective, for hospital it is necessary to save the lives during and after any

crises. For this purpose, the hospital needs to focus on crises management and manage that how to

deal with the causalities in any case of emergency. Sometimes crises take place and the hospitals

are unable to deal with the number of patients at a time and work in the environment of emergency.

As crises like 9/11 took place, in such circumstances the collaboration between pre-hospital

emergency medical services (EMS) and hospital emergency department (ED) is important for

rapid services and effective care of causalities. For example, the members of (EMS) decided of

sending the injured ones to the three nearest hospitals with consulting the (ED) department caused

that those hospitals overwhelmed by large number of patients and were unable to be treated

(Johansen, Aggerholm, & Frandsen, 2012).

Project management techniques are generally applied for achieving specific goals which meet

some success criteria. Serious of steps are involved in this process which involves initiation,

planning, execution, controlling etc. Each project has its own life cycle each requiring its own

planning which can often become the difference between success and failure. Biggest advantage

of project management is that it allows focus on a single set of goals at hand where a single project

manager will direct all authority towards that project. However, overlapping may occur between

authorities due to which differences arise between goals as in mind of upper management and

project manager. Projects which are generally of larger size and involve more complex situations

are generally dealt with project management.

To control such incidents and deal with the crises a plan is necessary to be made and applied. For

this purpose, we conducted this study after having felt the need of the hour to use a Practical Tool
to plan that some measures have to be practiced by hospitals and other health institutions. That

plan is called Crises Preparedness Plan (CPP) (Johansen, Aggerholm, & Frandsen, 2012). Main

purpose of the study is to make sure the best treatment and health facility is provided to every

patient in any circumstances and plan for it.

In this document the word Hospital should be considered as the institutions who provide:

 Hospitals of every size and shape;

 Specialized in Medical services;

 Primary Health care (PHC) posts;

 General practitioner’s (GP’s) surgery etc.

Crises preparedness plan

This is a practical tool used to make sure that the all the resources are ready to face any critical

situation. A Critical situation can be defined as the time when a hospital faces a large number of

patients that is difficult to be treated by the hospital and the resources comes to a limit. For this

purpose, the hospital needs to work on preparedness situation that the hospital often receives large

number of patients on daily basis and do not exceed to specific measures. This is well defined as

the equilibrium stage between the demand and supply of medical facilities (Palttala, & Vos, 2012).

The word Crises Preparedness is considered as the most suitable plan that works in such

situations. It can also be termed by other meaning in the document such as:

The word Mass Causality incident is basically used in United States. This term refers to the

situation when a high number of people requires medical facilities at a time. It is against the

equilibrium between demand and supply of medical facilities (Palttala, & Vos, 2012).

 The word Disaster is often used. it is basically used when the hospital is damaged from

inside and lack functionality and enough resources.

  The term Emergency mainly used for sudden and unseen situation which needs immediate

action.

 Emergencies basically allows the staff to make proper arrangements if the causalities are

reached to the hospital on time, but if the causalities are large in number then it would be

difficult for the staff to manage as the staff is already overstressed and disorganized, and

its main reason can be the lack of Planning and Coordination (Eriksson, & McConnell,

2011).

Example: Hospital Crises Preparedness Plan

Definition Pre-established plan for preparation to manage and deal with any

sudden uncertainty such as calamity, emergency, crises, huge

causality incident or fire breakout in any part of the hospital.

General Purpose To define all method and procedure of actions and make the staff
Emergencies
sure to provide the best medical services to every patient of the

hospital and can apply effective counter measures to ensure safety

of patients in case of some incident. The CPP must be followed

and updated on daily basis.

 Define the management and those who are responsible for

Minimum
the CPP and ensure they have adequate plans in place to
Standard
handle such situations.

 Find out the needed space, human resources and logistics.

Hint Multidisciplinary group should be involved in Planning.

 Purpose To improve the facilities and capacity at
Pandemic
hospital to deal with every situation.

Hint Coordination and cooperation with every

infectious disease center at national and

regional level is essential.

Implementation of the plan

Following are the main chapters that needs to be worked on. These are the main departments and

divided into four catagories which are listed as:

Organization and management

Activation

This is the stage when it is sure that working for pan has officially begin. This emergency plan

will be initiated when a fire has been detected within the vicinity of the hospital requiring that the

alarm be set off and take other appropriate measures.

Transportation

The movement of patients inside or outside the hospital is arranged incase of emergency. First

priority of the attendants would be to move the patients which are critically ill and cannot move

by themselves.

Command and coordination structure: Committee

The structure must be tried once to check out the activation, coordination, implementation of the

plan and make sure that all the measures are according to the plan that are measured. The plan will

be including all personnel employed at the hospital who are to move about trying to achieve two

main goals, controlling the fire and ensuring safety of patients.

Human resources

All of those professional and non-professional staff working within the hospital must be prepared

already for such crises. The crew cannot have adequate fixed staff for such event as it is not

common, yet training can be provided to correct staff as to how they can control fires and move

out patients (Unlu, Kapucu, & Sahin, 2010). The staff working outside of the hospital must have

been prepared and told that they can be called for their role in case of crises and need. Both inside

and outside individuals should be prepared for the time of need.

Delivery of care

Divide all the patients in different catagories according to priority of the care and provide best

services to many of the patients as much as possible. Make sure that the staff is well equipped and

do quick analysis as to preference of patients that are to be moved out. Critically ill patients cannot

move by themselves due to which they require assistance. Other patients can move about

themselves, hence they will be instructed to leave the vicinity.

General resources

To make sure to utilize the existing reserve funds that might be able to cover the extra work in

crises. Estimates would be required regarding amount of resources required for dealing with fires

of different levels. One of the other main thing required is several fire extinguishers in different

parts of the hospital so the fire can be retained. In case the fire breaks out, then priority will be

moved from controlling the fire to protecting patients (Unlu, Kapucu, & Sahin, 2010).

Recommendations and Conclusion

The main key to be ready for every situation is to have Simple Plan.
 The plan must be simple and easy and should be shared and understood by all the staff of

the hospital.
 The roles of individuals, teams, patients and staff must be defined and should be allocated

their duty so they must be prepared for the time of need and must make sure that everyone

will take part in the functioning of the plan. They should be enough strong and well

prepared to manage the critical situations with all possible abilities (Eriksson, & McConnell,

2011).

 The role and duty defined in the plan is different from that of everyday activities so

somewhat training would be required.

 Most importantly, the practice of crises preparedness plan must be first priority of the

hospital which will help the staff in dealing with the crises but it will also provide benefit

to the general organization and management of emergency medical services on regular

basis.

 Crises preparedness plan must be the responsibility of all staff. The management and the

directors should mutually work for it and assign the formation of the plan to those who are

willing to work on it and get it to the functioning phase.

 Another recommendation is that the staff of the hospital should always rely the staff must

know how, when and where to allocate the resources and manage any circumstances in

effective way (Eriksson, & McConnell, 2011).

 The abilities should be tested occasionally. To get ready for the worst situation and to deal

such situations effectively it is important for the hospital to test its capacity to get

knowledge and experience in the organization and management of the hospital in such

emergency situation.
References

Johansen, W., Aggerholm, H. K., & Frandsen, F. (2012). Entering new territory: A study of

internal crisis management and crisis communication in organizations. Public Relations

Review, 38(2), 270-279.

Palttala, P., & Vos, M. (2012). Quality indicators for crisis communication to support emergency

management by public authorities. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis

Management, 20(1), 39-51.

Unlu, A., Kapucu, N., & Sahin, B. (2010). Disaster and crisis management in Turkey: a need for

a unified crisis management system. Disaster Prevention and Management: An

International Journal, 19(2), 155-174.

Eriksson, K., & McConnell, A. (2011). Contingency planning for crisis management: Recipe for

success or political fantasy?. Policy and Society, 30(2), 89-99.