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Chapter 10   Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, Valence Bond Theory, and Molecular Orbital Theory
T A B L E 1 0 . 1 Electron and Molecular Geometries

Electron Bonding Lone Electron Molecular Approximate

Groups* Groups Pairs Geometry Geometry Bond Angles Example

2 2 0 Linear Linear 180° O C O

Trigonal F
3 3 0 Trigonal planar 120°
planar
F B F

3 2 1 Trigonal planar Bent <120° O S O

4 4 0 Tetrahedral Tetrahedral 109.5° H C H

H
Trigonal H N H
4 3 1 Tetrahedral <109.5°
pyramidal
H
4 2 2 Tetrahedral Bent <109.5° H O H

Cl
Cl
Trigonal Trigonal 120° (equatorial)
5 5 0
bipyramidal bipyramidal 90° (axial) P Cl
Cl
Cl

F
Trigonal <120° (equatorial)
5 4 1
bipyramidal
Seesaw
<90° (axial)
F S F

Trigonal F Br F
5 3 2 T-shaped <90°
bipyramidal
F
Trigonal
5 2 3 Linear 180° F Xe F
bipyramidal

F
F F
6 6 0 Octahedral Octahedral 90° S
F F
F

F
Square
6 5 1 Octahedral <90° F Br F
pyramidal
F F

F
Square
6 4 2 Octahedral
planar
90° F Xe F

*Count only electron groups around the central atom. Each of the following is considered one electron group: a lone pair, a single bond, a double bond, a triple bond,
or a single electron.

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