What is Industry Revolution 4.0 (Industry 4.0) ?

Industry 4.0 is a project in the high-tech strategy of the German government, which promotes the
computerization of traditional industries such as manufacturing. The goal is the intelligent factory
(Smart Factory), which is characterized by adaptability, resource efficiency and ergonomics as well as
the integration of customers and business partners in business and value processes.

The term "Industrie 4.0" originates from a project in the high-tech strategy of the German
government, which promotes the computerization of manufacturing

There are 4 design principles in Industry 4.0. These principles support companies in identifying and
implementing Industry 4.0 scenarios.

1) Interoperability: The ability of machines, devices, sensors, and people to connect and
communicate with each other via the Internet of Things (IoT) or the Internet of People (IoP)
Adding IoT will further automate the process to a large extent .

2) Information transparency: The ability of information systems to create a virtual copy of the
physical world by enriching digital plant models with sensor data. This requires the aggregation
of raw sensor data to higher-value context information.

3) Technical assistance: First, the ability of assistance systems to support humans by aggregating
and visualizing information comprehensibly for making informed decisions and solving urgent
problems on short notice. Second, the ability of cyber physical systems to physically support
humans by conducting a range of tasks that are unpleasant, too exhausting, or unsafe for their
human co-workers.

4) Decentralized decisions: The ability of cyber physical systems to make decisions on their own
and to perform their tasks as autonomously as possible. Only in the case of exceptions,
interferences, or conflicting goals, are tasks delegated to a higher level.

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 Challenges of Industry 4.0
Challenges in implementation of Industry 4.0:IT security issues, which are greatly aggravated by the
inherent need to open up those previously closed production shops

• Reliability and stability needed for critical machine-to-machine communication (M2M),

including very short and stable latency times
• Need to maintain the integrity of production processes
• Need to avoid any IT snags, as those would cause expensive production outages
• Need to protect industrial know how
• Lack of adequate skill-sets to expedite the march towards fourth industrial revolution
• Threat of redundancy of the corporate IT department
• General reluctance to change by stakeholders
• Loss of many jobs to automatic processes and IT-controlled processes, especially for lower
educated parts of society

Impact of Industry 4.0

Proponents of the term claim Industry 4.0 will affect many areas, most notably:

1. Services and business models

2. Reliability and continuous productivity
3. IT security: Companies have already begun to address the issue of IoT security
4. Machine safety
5. Product lifecycles
6. Industry value chain
7. Workers' education and skills
8. Socio-economic factors
9. Industry Demonstration: To help industry understand the impact of Industry 4.0
10. Industry 4.0 may have a beneficial effects for emerging economies.

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Internet of Things (IoT) refers to anything that can be connected to the internet and this is what has
enabled this fourth stage of technological innovation. IoT is a general term that includes everything
from interned-connected industrial technology to consumer products such as smart appliances and home
automation systems.
 

 
 
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a subset of IoT that specifically refers to internet-
connedcted industrial automation technologies – from the system level down to the sensor level – in
both factory and ligistics applications.
 
“Smart Factories” is just another way of describing IIoT capabilites in industrial manufacturing
facilities. Just like consumer IoT production internet-connected industrial technoligies also often include
the ability to remotely monitor, diagnose and respond immediately to status changes from a smart
phome or other mobile device.
 
How did we get here (Industry 4.0) ?

The first industrial revolution (Industry 1.0) – Refers to the period of time during which water and
steam first powered production.

The second industrial revolution (Industry 2.0) – Introduced electric power, hallmarked by the advent
of electricity – powered factories, which enabled
mass production for the first time.

The third industrial revolution (Industry 3.0) – also known as the digital revolution, included as the
name suggests, computing and digital technologies
in the production process.

The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) – Promises to connect physical systems to the internet
for even greater transparency, flexibility and
connectedness in industrial automation.

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 Benefits of Industry 4.0
There are numerous benefits to the current wave of innovation.
(1) Machines are becoming more intelligent. Connected industrial technology makes it easier to not
only gain more data, but also use that data in more meaningful ways. Predictive analysis, for
example, allows you to take preemptive action on scenarios before they occur, leading to more
informed decision-making and less downtime.

(2) Connected industrial technology allows for more flexibility thanks to remote monitoring and
diagnostic capabilities. For example, connected intelligent sensors can give condition information
of adjacent components, such as variations in fluid flow rates and process temperature, lubrication
state and other metrics that, if recognized too late, could lead to costly, unexpected system
shutdowns.

(3) Similarly, users can communicate directly with encoders for status information (e.g., temperature
range), diagnostics (error codes), and live data on a mobile device without needing to be on-site or
access PLC programming.

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