Pneumatic

Conveying
TECHNIK

We know how
 pneumatic conveying technik

About

Since its founding in 1906, Claudius Peters has become one of the world’s
most respected engineering houses and an innovative world leader. Its German
Contents
Technikum 3 engineering excellence continues to set benchmarks for the design, manufacture

Plant design 4 and commissioning of materials handling and processing systems for the

FLUIDCON 6
gypsum, cement, coal, alumina, steel and bulk-handling industries.

Type 1: From conception and installation through to commissioning and after-sales
Pressure vessel conveyor 8
support, Claudius Peters provides world-class service to the world’s biggest
Type 2: X-Pump 10 bulk materials producers.
Type 3: Airlift 12
The Claudius Peters Group GmbH is headquartered in Buxtehude near Hamburg,
Type 4: Blow feeder 14
Germany, with regional offices in the Americas, Asia and Europe.
Type 5: Jet feeder 15

Claudius Peters is one of the world’s leading

suppliers of pneumatic systems for the conveying
of dry bulk materials.

With experience in the handling and analysis of

over 13,000 different types of bulk solid,
Claudius Peters can determine the precise
conveying procedure for any requirement.

Claudius Peters’ service includes delivery of a

complete plant, from examination of bulk
solids through selection of conveying system
with auxiliary components to installation and
plant commissioning.
Claudius Peters’ headquarters, Buxtehude, Germany.

Design of required pneumatic equipment (includ-

ing bulk solid feeders, air supply equipment,
conveying pipelines and the air/solid classifiers)
can come from a client’s specification or from
Claudius Peters’ own material sample analysis.

2
Technikum

The Claudius Peters Technikum (Technical Center) offers clients a laboratory

with facility to test all bulk solid conveying systems.
State-of-the-art
Extensive testing, backed by years of experience Each material is measured for deaeration time, technology to meet
enables Claudius Peters to design and produce density, humidity and wall friction angle, with every conveying
conveying systems which combine high reliability data documented in a test report supported by
with minimal power consumption. EDP and used to ensure optimal plant design.
requirement

With conveying lines up to 5km long and a wide

range of pipe diameters, the laboratory enables
the design and supply of systems which have
been calculated for optimal process, cost and
operating parameters.

In the Technikum, conveying procedures can

be tested for any load, gas velocity, conveying
pressure and conveying distance.
Claudius Peters Technikum.

Customer enquiry

Material known?
Test report

Yes No

A test report is elaborated

Particle density
Bulk density
Already been conveyed?
percentage

Material behaviour:
Pressure

Angle
Weight

■ Sticky
No Yes ■ Abrasive
■ Alkaline
Spec, surface etc. Diameter Time Velocity
Conveying tests are run
Material characteristics Grain size distribution Venting time Flowability
Determination of
conveying procedure Solids Gas Energy
load velocity consumption
Lean phase low high high
Dimension of conveying route
No Lean phase conveyance

Definition of solids feeder

Strand conveyance

Optimun configuration?
Dune conveyance
Yes

Design completed Plug conveyance

Dense phase high low low

The Claudius Peters, DIN EN ISO 9001 certified working procedure.

3
 plant design

Determining the conveying process

Characteristics of bulk materials, determined from sample analysis, are used

Thorough testing in configuration of the plant.

delivers optimal
A typical plant consists of a bulk solids The appropriate conveying procedure is
power efficiency feeder, a pressure generator, conveying pipe determined by results from the bulk solids test
and a separator. and the conveying tests, along with the
customer’s basic conveyance data. Once
The Geldart diagram (below) shows how this is determined, the plant can be designed
Claudius Peters classifies bulk solids, with grey for optimal power efficiency. The required
areas showing materials which can easily be task and the bulk solid’s behaviour will then
conveyed in a dense phase mode. determine selection of the conveying mode.

10,000

D
Density difference particle - gas (kg/m3)

1,000
B
A

C
100
10 100 1,000 10,000

Medium particle size (μm)

4 Geldart diagram.
Feeder selection

Claudius Peters delivers positive pressure conveying systems.

The diagram (below) illustrates the structure of a
positive pressure vessel conveying system,
where quantities of bulk solids are introduced
into the conveyor pipe against the conveying
pressure, resulting in no air leakage losses.
Claudius Peters offers a complete range of
feeder types.
A feeder type
for every
Types of feeders for plant configuration
The chart (bottom) shows the variety and possible system
features of available feeders along with their
standardized range of applications. Claudius
Peters can also supply solutions for ranges not
included in the chart.

Materials conveyed

Solids feeder

Conveying pipe

Pressure Gas-solids
aggregate Separator
Conveying gas Material conveyed

Pressure vessel X-Pump Airlift Blow-through feeder Jet feeder

All non-adhesive Wide particle Fluidisable Coarse and All materials

materials size distribution materials fine materials
with fine shares low abrasion

Max.
throughput 150 (single)
400 900 60 6
[ t/h ] 300 (twin)

Max. conveying 120

distance 3500 1500 250 75
[m] vertical

Max. pressure
difference in 6 2,5 0,6 1 0,2
conveyor pipe vertical
[ bar ]

5
 FLUIDCON

The Claudius Peters FLUIDCON system offers the advantages of pneumatic

Pneumatic conveying with considerably lower energy requirements owing to it’s unique
conveying, with aeroslide transportation principle within the transport pipe.
considerably
Additionally, FLUIDCON provides a dense phase To transport the material, transport air travels
lower power system with increased bulk material load and perpendicular to the fluidized air and passes in
consumption can be used to convey all fine bulk solids that an axial direction. The pressure loss of the
can be fluidized with low air velocities, expanding transport air flow substitutes for the inclination
homogeneously during the process. Depending of the aeroslide. The aeroslide principle turns
on the transport pipe routing chosen, it can the bulk solids into a fluid state with minimal
substantially reduce power consumption internal friction and ensures that it remains
fluidized away from the bottom of the pipe and
About FLUIDCON in the gas flow. These optimum conveying
FLUIDCON is a conveyor pipe that can conditions allow the transportation of solids
partially or completely fluidize material over with lowest axial driving gas velocities in the
the horizontal length of the pipe (the aeroslide feed point and acceleration section of the pipe.
principle). The air is used to fluidize but not It is therefore possible to convey materials with
transport the material. the FLUIDCON system using minimal
differential pressure through uphill inclines of
Detail of FLUIDCON pipe. up to 30°.

100
Conventional Advantages of FLUIDCON
32
Conveyance
n R
 educed operating costs. Substantially
P (pneumatic) / P (belt)

10
less energy consumption. Compared to
6,5 FLUIDCON
1,3
conventional pneumatic conveying
1 Aeroslide
n H
 igh availability. The system is easily
started or restarted even when solids
0,1 remain in the conveying line
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Conveying distance [ m ] n G
 entle material handling. This is due to
lower conveying velocities starting at
approximately 2-3m/s and ending at
approximately 5-10m/s
n A
 lternative feed systems. With a
reduction in the conveying pressure,
Claudius Peters X-pumps (screw pumps)
can be installed instead of conventional
Schematic of FLUIDCON transport. pressure vessels to ensure savings in
height and capital costs

6
The Claudius Peters FLUIDCON System has
proven to be a valuable alternative in bulk n Lower investment cost
materials handling applications. n Lower gas and solids velocities
n Lower conveying pressure
Additionally this type of system can be utilized in
n Reduced wear
ash removal plants where it is particularly
n Lower power requirement
suitable for the removal of fly ash from a
baghouse or ESP. The fly ash discharge points n Lower installation height
are connected to a common FLUIDCON n Simplified material feeding
conveying pipe and the ash is continuously FLUIDCON pipe feeder.

removed and can be conveyed long distances.

The application of the FLUIDCON system for
conveying dust beneath filter installations offers
a number of advantages compared to other
conveying technologies:

FLUIDCON transport system at Holcim Plant Lägerdorf Schematic of power plant fly ash handling. Rotary Feeder with FLUIDCON.
for 230 t/h cement.

7
 type 1: pressure vessel conveyor

Conveying solutions for distances up to 3,500 m

The main features of pressure vessel

Fully customized, conveying are:
highly efficient n High availability
n Low maintenance requirements
n Partial load operation
n Suitable for dense phase conveyance
n Appropriate for all types of bulk solids
n Available in sizes up to 50m3
n Conveying distances up to 3,500m
n Conveying pressures up to 30 bar
n S
 uitable for systems with top or
bottom discharge

Pressure vessel transport system.

The main principles

of pressure vessel
conveyance are:
1. Filling
2. Pressurizing
3. Conveying
4. Venting

8 Schematic of transport cycle.

Solids can be conveyed by single, twin or
double-storey vessels as required.
A range of flexible
Single pressure vessel conveyance: expansion options
n Batch conveyance
n Maximum capacity 150t/h
n Fully automatic
n Simple, low costs

Twin pressure vessel conveyance:

n Quasi-continuous conveyance
n Maximum capacity 300t/h
n Fully automatic
n 50% reserve in case of vessel failure Pressure vessel system.

Throughput for single pressure vessel (for example cement).

Double-storey vessel conveyance:

120
Δp = 3 bar
n Continuous conveyance L = 200 m
100
ss = 1000 kg/m
3

n Maximum capacity 150t/h

Throughput [t/h]

wear class 1
80
n Fully automatic 60

40

20

0
0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 6 8 12 15 20
Net volume [m3]

Special applications Design parameters for this

As well as conveying vessels, Claudius Peters type of application:
also offers injection vessels, which are designed n Standard sizes: 0.2m3 to 20m3
to inject substances against high counter
n Customized sizes to 35m3 are in operation
pressures. If required, injection vessels may
n T hroughputs to 300t/h are
incorporate distribution devices within the presently operating
conveying pipe to divide the material flow, such
n Distances to 3,500m
as when feeding coal into a blast furnace at
n Customized solutions
separate points.
n M
 odern control techniques with valves
suiting the specific bulks

9
 type 2: X-Pump

As a core component of the Claudius Peters product range, the X Pump is one
Proven technology of the most successful conveyance systems ever developed, providing long
and reliable operation for clients worldwide.
for dense phase
conveyance
When bulk solids are fed into the pump surge
The Claudius Peters X-Pump offers:
bin for deaeration, the rotating screw com-
n Continuous conveyance
presses them to a plug at the end of the screw.
This plug acts to seal off the conveying n Suitable for dense phase conveyance
pressure while the bulk solids pressure builds n High availability
up, forcing the check flap open. Solids are n Low maintenance
then fed into the conveying air stream and
n Partial load operation possible
conveyance begins.
n Fine particle bulk solids possible
n Conveying volumes to 640m3/h
n Conveying distances up to 1,500m
n Low construction height
n Pressure and shock resistant design
n Pulsation free conveyance

10 Cross section of X-Pump. For 3D animation go to www.claudiuspeters.com X-Pump with lateral discharger.
The Claudius Peters X-Pump is an optimum The X-Pump has a broad range of possible
solids feeder of outstanding capability, useful applications, from silo feeding, injection of
in a wide range of applications, including pulverized coal and transport of filter dust, to A feeder for
silos, pre-heaters, pre-calciners, ship loaders pre-heater feeding and cargo ship loading
dense-phase
and more. and unloading.
and lean-phase
For example, 400 t/h cement can be conveyed conveying
distances of up to 1500 m. Additionally, the
geometry of the screw can be adjusted to
accommodate the requirements of specific
bulk solids.

Capacity ranges:
n C
 onveying capacities to 400t/h cement
equivalent to 640m3/h
n Conveying pressures to 3.0 bar gauge 800
n Conveying distances to 1,500m 640
n Loads to 100kg solids per kg conveying gas 600
Throughput [m3/h]

425
400
Special features:
230
n Variable arrangement of the pump outlet
200
n Different screw geometries and end flights 125
40
n End flights can be replaced separately 12
0
n E asy assembly – wear parts can be X-115 X-150 X-200 X-250 X-300 X-350
replaced with minimal dismantling Size
n Screw supported at both ends of the shaft
n Individual screw geometry for each X-Pump capacities.
bulk solid
n Check flap with integrated damper
n Pulsation free conveyance

11
 type 3: Airlift

The Claudius Peters Airlift: a pneumatic lift that can convey solids vertically to a
Vertical lift maximum capacity of 1000t/h.

capability
with a low Features of the Airlift
investment cost The Airlift offers the advantages of low
investment costs, low power consumption
and high availability, alongside continuous
operation and easy partial load operation. It can
handle all fluid bulk solids, conveying loads
up to 12-25kg solids per m3 of conveying
gas, with conveying heights up to 120m and
capacities up to 1000t/h.

Airlift – rapid transport of large

quantities of material using air
The Airlift feeds bulk solids continuously into the
Airlift pot, whilst conveying air is fed to the
conveyor pip via a nozzle. Aeration at the
bottom of the Airlift pot partly fluidizes the
bulk solids prior to transport and the solids
column seals off the overpressure of the
conveying air. The pressure of the solids
column then feeds the fluidized solids into the
conveyor pipe where they are transported by
the conveying gas.

12
The Claudius Peters Airlift transports material
vertically to cyclone pre-heaters or storage
n Feeding of heat exchangers
silos. With throughputs to 1000t/h, the Airlift is
n S
 tandby system for mechanical
an efficient, high capacity conveying method.
pre-heater feeding such as
Its specialized design, called ‘dosification’ or bucket elevators
DOSCON has a variety of applications: n Silo feeding
n P
 ulsation free, precise dosing
(DOSCON)
n All types of vertical transports Claudius Peters Airlift.

Performance range:
n Throughputs of 10 to 1000t/h
n Conveying heights up to 120m
n Bottom aeration
n Bottom cone for coarse bulk solids
n S
 everal feed points using two-way
gates in the conveyor pipe
n B
 ulk solids and conveying gas can
be separated by the Claudius Peters
expansion vessel

Example throughput for Airlift (cement).

1,4 800
Power consumption (kWh/t)

Standard diameter (mm)

1,2
1.250
1,0
0,8 1.600
0,6
1.900
0,4
0,2 2.200

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200 1.400

Conveying height (m) Max. throughput (t/h)

13
 type 4: blow feeder

Bulk solids with difficult flow behaviours can be handled with our feeding and
conveyance unit. The Claudius Peters Blow Feeder offers a combination of
features for all conveying procedures requiring more than simply throughput
and conveying distance specification. It offers:

Function of Blow Feeder system

n High availability
When the bulk solid is dropped into the rotating
n Compact design
Blow feeder system. feeding chamber, it is blown out of the lower
n Partial load operation if required
chamber via lateral air connections. The bulk
n Closed, dust free system solid then drops into the blow pan where it is
n Pulsation free picked up by conveying air and transported
n Throughputs to 100m3/h within the conveyor pipe.
n Continuous conveyance
Blow Feeder applications
n Conveying distances to 250m
As well as silo feeding and intermediate
n F ine grained and coarse grained bulk
solids, low abrasivity transport applications, the Blow Feeder can
be used for filter dust return and material
return, for example bag discharge to the
100 packer pre-bin.

Not all types of application

Throughput (m3/h)

demand high throughput

When average performance is required at
optimum cost efficiency, Claudius Peters
recommends the blow feeder. This feeder has
Gr. 250 Gr. 300 Gr. 350 Gr. 450
10 typical volume throughputs of 20-30m3/h with
50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100
a maximum of 100m 3/h and is especially
Filling ratio (%)
suited for the transport of sticky materials.
Blow Feeder capacities.

14
type 5: jet feeder

Of all the five available feeder types, the Claudius Peters Jet Feeder is the
most compact and offers important advantages for specific applications. Compact design
that handles all
The jet feeder, which can adapt to different
n Continuous operation
operating conditions, is the best design for bulk solids
low solid mass flows. Operating conditions n High operational safety
will determine the size and the type of nozzle n Long life times
selected, while variants with and without an
n Low investment cost
aerated bottom, combined with the corres-
ponding diameter of transport pipeline, provide a n High solids temperature capability
highly reliable conveying method. n P
 artial load operation without
modification of the conveying air flow
Jet feeding – converting static pressure n Lean phase conveyance
to kinetic energy 7
Within the jet feeder’s nozzle, the static n All bulk solids L = 50 M
6 H = 10 m
pressure of the conveying gas is converted into n Closed dust free system bends 4
5
kinetic energy. Bulk solids, which can be fed
Throughput [t/h]

n Simple and space saving construction

from the pre-bin or through a rotary feeder, are 4
drawn by the conveying gas into the mixing n No movable parts in the solids flow
3
chamber. Then, within the connected diffuser, n Throughputs up to 6t/h
2
the kinetic energy of the blended air and solids
n Conveying pressures to 0.2 bar gauge
is reconverted into static pressure. 1
n Loads to maximum of 6kg/kg 0
A B C D EF G H I J K L

Jet feeder applications Size

The Claudius Peters Jet Feeder is an ideal, Jet feeder capacities.

economic option for silo feeding with minim-

ized bulk solids flow. It can be used for material
return to a packing machine, filter dust return,
as well as the conveyance of hot ash.

The Claudius Peters Jet Feeder range

Jet feeders can be supplied with a variety of
sizes and designs, depending upon the
operating conditions. Pipe diameters can be
NN 65 to DN 150.

Cross section of jet feeder.

15
Claudius Peters Projects GmbH
Schanzenstraße 40
DE-21614 Buxtehude, Germany
T: +49 4161 706-0
E: projects@claudiuspeters.com
CALCINING
COOLING
DISPATCH
DOSING
DRY BLENDING
DRYING
GRINDING
PACKING
PNEUMATIC CONVEYING
PULVERIZED FUEL SUPPLY
SILO SYSTEMS
STOCKYARD SYSTEMS
ALUMINA HANDLING SYSTEMS
MARINE POWDER HANDLING
TURNKEY PROJECTS
Claudius Peters Technologies SAS
34 Avenue de Suisse
F-68316 Illzach, France
T: +33 3 89 31 33 00
E: technologiesSAS@claudiuspeters.com
Claudius Peters (do Brasil) Ltda. Claudius Peters (România) S.R.L.
Rua das Figueiras, 474 - 3 º andar - Edifício Str. Oituz Nr. 25C, et 2, 550337 Sibiu,
Eiffel - Bairro Jardim - 09080-300 - Santo România
André / SP, Brazil T: +40 (0) 369 407 036
T: +55 (11) 4903 9230 E: romania@claudiuspeters.com
E: brasil@claudiuspeters.com
Claudius Peters (Asia Pacific) Pte. Ltd.
Claudius Peters (China) Ltd. 25 International Business Park,
Unit 1706-1706, #01-65/66 German Centre,
17/F Laws Commercial Plaza, Singapore 609916
788 Cheung Sha Wan Road, T: +65 6562 9100
Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong E: asiapacific@claudiuspeters.com
T: +852 2544 1848
Claudius Peters (Ibérica) S.A.
E: hongkong@claudiuspeters.com
Paseo de la Habana, 202 Bis Bj,
Branch Office: E-28036 Madrid, Spain
7/F, Office Block, Hong Kong Macau Centre, T: +34 91 413 36 16
No. 2 Chaoyangmen Bei Da Jie, E: iberica@claudiuspeters.com
Beijing 100027, P. R. China
Claudius Peters (UK) Ltd.
T: +86 10 6501 3831
Unit 10, Thatcham Business Village,
E: beijing@claudiuspeters.com
Colthrop Way, Thatcham, Berkshire,
Claudius Peters (India) Pvt. Ltd. RG19 4LW, United Kingdom
Unit 408, 4th Floor, Peninsula Plaza, T: +44 (0) 1635 872139
A/16 Fun Republic Lane, Off Link Road, E: uk@claudiuspeters.com
Andheri West, Mumbai 400 053, India
Claudius Peters (Americas) Inc.
T: +91 (22) 2674 0045
445 W. President George Bush Highway
E: india@claudiuspeters.com
Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
Claudius Peters (Italiana) srl T: +1 972 386 4451
Via Verdi 2, I-24121 Bergamo, Italy E: usa@claudiuspeters.com
T: +39 0 35 237 196
E: italiana@claudiuspeters.com
We know how
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CP Pneumatic Conveying Technik (GB) 08/2014 / Issue 1. Due to a policy of continued improvement, we reserve
the right to change any specification without prior notice. ERRORS & OMISSIONS EXCEPTED.
Printed on a Manroland R700 press.