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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
What is AI:
AI is a constellation of technologies that enable machines to act with higher levels of intelligence and
emulate the human capabilities of sense, comprehend and act. Thus, computer vision and audio processing
can actively perceive the world around them by acquiring and processing images, sound and speech. The
natural language processing and inference engines can enable AI systems to analyze and understand the
information collected. An AI system can also take action through technologies such as expert systems and
inference engines or undertake actions in the physical world. These human capabilities are augmented by
the ability to learn from experience and keep adapting over time. AI systems are finding ever-wider
application to supplement these capabilities across enterprises as they grow in sophistication. Irrespective
of the type of AI being used, however, every application begins with large amounts of training data. In the
past, this kind of performance was driven by rules-based data analytics programs, statistical regressions,
and early “expert systems.” But the explosion of powerful deep neural networks now gives AI something
a mere program doesn’t have: the ability to do the unexpected.
With intelligent machines enabling high-level cognitive processes like thinking, perceiving, learning,
problem solving and decision making, coupled with advances in data collection and aggregation, analytics
and computer processing power, AI presents opportunities to complement and supplement human
intelligence and enrich the way people live and work. AI refers to the ability of machines to perform
cognitive tasks like thinking, perceiving, learning, problem solving and decision making. Initially
conceived as a technology that could mimic human intelligence, AI has evolved in ways that far exceed its
original conception. With incredible advances made in data collection, processing and computation power,
intelligent systems can now be deployed to take over a variety of tasks, enable connectivity and enhance
productivity. As AI’s capabilities have dramatically expanded, so have its utility in a growing number of
fields.
Evolution of AI:
Global Developments in AI:
Countries around the world are becoming increasingly aware of the potential economic and social benefits
of developing and applying AI. For example, China and U.K. estimate that 26% and 10% of their GDPs
respectively in 2030 will be sourced from AI-related activities and businesses. There has been tremendous
activity concerning AI policy positions and the development of an AI ecosystem in different countries
over the last 18 to 24 months – the US published its AI report in December 2016; France published the AI
strategy in January 2017 followed by a detailed policy document in March 2018; Japan released a document
in March 2017; China published the AI strategy in July 2017; and U.K. released its industrial strategy in
November 2017.
In the area of core research in AI and related technologies, universities and research institutions from the
US, China and Japan have led the publication volume on AI research topics between 2010 and 2016.
Universities in USA, primarily Carnegie Mellon University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and
Stanford, took an early lead in AI research by offering new courses, establishing research facilities and
instituting industry partnerships. Off late, Chinese universities, especially Peking and Tsinghua
Universities have caught on to the race by utilizing large scale public funding and extensive research
partnerships with private companies.
For building the future workforce for AI, countries are also significantly increasing the allocation of
resources for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) talent development through
investment in universities, mandating new courses (e.g., AI and law), and offering schemes to retrain
people. For instance, U.K. has planned to build over 1,000 government supported PhD researchers by 2025
and set up a Turing fellowship to support an initial cohort of AI fellows while China has launched a five-
year university program to train at least 500 teachers and 5,000 students working on AI technologies.
Governance structures for enabling all the above mandates vary across countries. Many countries have
instituted dedicated public offices such as Ministry of AI (UAE), and Office of AI and AI Council (U.K.)
while China and Japan have allowed existing ministries to take up AI implementation in their sectoral areas.
Not just national governments, but even local city governments have become increasingly aware about the
importance and potential of AI and have committed public investments. National governments have
significantly increased public funding for AI through commitments such as increasing the R&D spend,
setting up industrial and investment funds in AI startups, investing in network and infrastructure and AI-
related public procurements. China, USA, France and Japan have committed significant public spending
for AI technology development and adoption.
AI technology development and applications are evolving rapidly with major implications for economies
and societies. A study by EY and NASCCOM found that by 2022, around 46% of the workforce will be
engaged in entirely new jobs that do not exist today, or will be deployed in jobs that have radically changed
skillsets. If some countries decide to wait for a few years to establish an AI strategy and put in place the
foundations for developing the AI ecosystem, it seems unlikely that they would be able to attain and match
up to the current momentum in the rapidly changing socio-economic environment.
Keeping in mind Optum Global solutions, a healthcare industry-based organization, we look at the
factors to be considered before enabling large scale adoption of AI:
a) absence of collaborative effort between various stakeholders: while India has adopted electronic
health record (EHR) policy, sharing of data between various hospital chains still remains a work
in progress, since different hospital chains have adopted different interpretations of ‘digitizing
records’;
b) relevant data is unavailable and there is absence of robust open clinical data sets; and
c) concerns on privacy and security of data, including lack of formal regulation around
anonymization of data.
One of the common challenges, irrespective of the sectors, however, seems to be inadequate
availability of AI expertise, manpower and skilling opportunities.
A survey indicates that 44% of the organization have listed talent mobility as a top priority, and
55% said that they are planning to put a program in place in the next few years.
However, designing a talent mobility program is not easy as it sounds and many such programs
have failed due to lack of clear goals or strategy. “Developing the vision” for the program is as
critical as it is to think about tangible benefits that it will bring, for a wholesome success.
Below, are a few examples of companies channelizing their efforts towards the use of AI,
automation and analytics in an attempt to understand the common retention and diversity practices
in the industry Optum Global Solutions operates in.
INDUSTRY EXAMPLES
1. Google
The impact on Google’s Human Resources (HR) practices within the standard best practices’ mode
and framework, indicates that in order for the company’s internal growth strategy to be successful,
it should contain and incorporate the following:
- Companies must constantly hire, transfer and promote individuals;
- Expansion into new markets requires changes in skills or prospective employees;
- Combination of behavior based and results-based appraisals;
- Compensation structured as an incentive for achieving growth goals; and
- Training needs on how the company decides to grow internally.
“Google is organized around the ability to attract and leverage the talent of exceptional
technologists and business people. They have been fortunate to recruit many creative, principled
and hard-working stars” (Nightingale (2008:1). The company is known for its unique culture and
Human Resource policies and is acknowledged as an innovator and best employer (Nightingale
(2008:1). Google’s people programs are geared up to the demands, to meet the requirements of the
company’s rapid expansion throughout the world.
2. EXL
- Capability development
EXL assesses the current gaps, gathers awareness and develops capabilities to manage
unconscious bias. It builds culture & capabilities to improve diversity and inclusivity. They
have a blend of in-person workshops, virtual sessions and e-learning programs. They
conduct workshops for their senior leadership, and all other employees across the globe.
An e-learning platform, helps train all the employees on diversity-inclusion.
- Communication
Awareness is built at all levels, visibility is generated and a culture of diverse views is
encouraged through sustained communication and Employee Resource Groups (ERG)
EXL’s Diversity and Inclusion Council is an apex body that has been created to ensure that
our D&I program achieves its multi-pronged objectives. This ‘Diversity Council’ provides
guidance on developing EXL’s diversity and inclusion roadmap and oversees its execution.
The council is also responsible for ensuring representation of EXL across national and
international diversity programs and forums.
- Diversity Trainings
EXL offers training programs that enable employees to adapt and succeed in our diverse
environment. The focus is on all levels of the organization while designing and delivering
these programs as EXL believes that inclusivity is a companywide requirement and not
restricted to any particular level.
All our employees are made aware of and, encouraged to learn and respect the diversity
present in the company and, among all our external partners, clients, suppliers etc.
One of the focus areas in diversity and inclusion is to enhance the gender diversity mix at
EXL, especially at leadership levels. EXL conducts ‘Growing Leadership of Women’
workshops specially for our women leaders that help the participants reflect, share and
learn from each other and from the experts. These programs are aimed at:
The setting up of ERGs offers multiple benefits to such groups. These include:
- Connecting similarities and learning from differences
- Networking and support
- Forums to exchange information and share ideas
- Mentorship, career and professional development
3. Genpact
By providing cohesion and confidence in employee data, HR shared services gives HR managers
the tools to complete the strategic analysis and support business decisions. For example, HR
managers can analyze and monitor workforce metrics to track business performance in specific
areas such as:
- Geographic Expansion:
Utilizing integrated and consistent HR data to power the management and movement (if necessary)
of talent and skills across geographic lines to support talent requirements.
Workforce planning.
Bringing together personnel, organization, cost and performance data across all facets of the
business (e.g., geographies, operating units) to identify workforce supply and demand.
- Succession planning.
Providing better, more integrated data to support succession planning and retention, which
encourages proactive development and support of the organization’s employees.
- Performance management.
Identifying and retaining high performers and key workforces helps organizations avoid the high
cost of recruitment and training.
Accenture believes that an organization’s ability to successfully execute its HR strategy depends
on implementing not only shared services as part of the HR service delivery model, but also the
remaining three cornerstones of HR transformation:
- Enhanced HR roles and competencies.
Within a transformed HR environment, the accountabilities and responsibilities of HR roles are
clearly defined so the right work gets done by the right resources at the right cost.
- Common policies and processes.
Standardized processes form the basis for delivery of consistent and predictable HR services to
operations at a lower unit cost per transaction/interaction.
- Integrated HR information systems.
An organization’s technology landscape ideally incorporates both service management and
functional applications within a common HR technology system across the organization,
potentially supported by integrated specialist applications. This system facilitates the streamlining
of HR processes and provides an accurate source of management information to underpin business
decision making, such as workforce planning analytics.
The four cornerstones of HR transformation:
- Gender
30 percent of our company leaders are women and 40 percent of the external members of our board
of directors are women, including our non-executive chair.
- Disabilities
Accenture believes that enterprises have a powerful role to play in ensuring technology helps
bridge the divide for people with disabilities. To address technology accessibility company-wide,
our internal IT organization in collaboration with other Accenture teams has set an ambition and
strategy to have all of Accenture people’s interactions with software, devices and services be
compliant with globally defined accessibility standards. The approach is holistic—spanning
environmental, technological and behavioral aspects in the workplace to address any permanent,
temporary and situational circumstance. To drive real and lasting change, an IT accessibility
program was established.
The internal IT team needed to determine how to drive technology adjustments to make all
interactions with Accenture’s technology accessible (according to Web Content Accessibility
Guidelines [WCAG] 2.1) and generally strive to improve each employee’s digital user experience.
They started by gaining an understanding of the scope of the technology involved. This included
Accenture’s key technology platforms, applications, internal and external sites, learning sites and
social collaboration capabilities. An internal survey conducted among disabilxity champions at
Accenture helped uncover technology usage pain points.
From there, the team defined an accessibility program charter, established a dedicated practice and
mapped out a multi-year road map defining key initiatives. Priorities are segmented according to
technologies and activities that are internal, vendor-provided, and related to non-Accenture IT
systems.
The program’s focus is not only on people with accessibility needs, but rather on changing every
Accenture employee’s behavior so that accessibility actions are integrated from the start into all
software development projects, daily work, content creation, procurement opportunities and
technology support.
- LGBTQ
Accenture focuses on ensuring an inclusive environment for all employees regardless of their
sexual orientation, gender identity or expression around the world.
Its focus includes:
Professional development
Inclusive policies
Recruitment, promotion and retention guidelines
Equal benefits, including insurance coverage for gender affirmation surgery in certain
countries
Employee resource groups in 45 countries; and
A global Ally program with more than 108,000 members and growing.
Employee retention:
Accenture doesn’t sell products, it’s a talent-led business, relying on its employees to grow.
Recruiting coachable and adaptable (or “liquid”, as Accenture describes it) employees is a great a
way to invest in company growth. Accenture believes in ensuring growth and employee retention
centers around creating an environment where leaders coach for performance, and not manage for
performance.
5. AmEx
In 2010, the Women In the Pipeline and at the Top (WIPAT) initiative was launched to
create opportunities for women. To help women advance to the highest levels of the
company, a three-part approach is used: corporate gender intelligence training, pathways
to sponsorship (sponsorship training to foster career advancement and retention) and a
focus on building an American Express global women’s community. Most recently, the
WIPAT program evolved to Women Rising at American Express, which continues to
support Amex’s goals by expanding its core pillars of strengthening the female talent
pipeline, advancing women and continuing to build a strong global network.
- LGBT
American Express has long been committed to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender
(LGBT) causes. As a result of this dedication, it has scored 100% on the Human Rights
Campaign’s (HRC) Corporate Equality Index since 2004.
- Diversity trainings
In 2015, American Express introduced new training on how to mitigate unconscious bias.
This program aims to help employees identify and break unconscious bias in key decisions
relating to both people and business decisions. Through this self-paced program,
employees learn how to recognize the types of bias that may be influencing their decisions
and put in place processes to mitigate that bias.
6. Flipkart
Employee development:
Flipskool: an in-house university that’s one of its kind. Unlike any other ‘learning at work’
initiative, Flipskool’s programs and curriculum afford employee the luxury of learning at their
convenience.
Below are the various features and benefits of signing up with Flipskool:
- E-Comm academy
Courses on e-commerce and m-commerce
Structured curriculum for technology platform
Learn about the e-comm business and customer support
7. HSBC
Employee development:
To be the world’s leading international bank, HSBC needs high potential, high performing and
internationally mobile talent. The International Manager (IM) Program provides resourcing
flexibility and helps us develop a strong pipeline of home-grown future leaders for our most critical
positions across the Group. As an international program for talented and self-motivated
individuals, it offers a diverse career path in both job role and geography. Moves to different
markets and locations offer a fast-track career growth option for future leaders of the business.
The IM career and development offering:
1. A clearly defined IM Development Journey showing clear development and progression
milestones.
2. Well-integrated and robust career and development frameworks for the Global businesses,
functions and Chief Operating Officer (COO).
3. Enhanced GCB4 and GCB3 development and assessment centres to help prepare IMs for GCB2
roles and beyond.
4. Open lines of communication providing clear feedback throughout the IM’s time on the
Programme from 360 reviews, Senior IM colleagues and non-IM Leadership during assessment
activities.
5. Solid development planning from a strong support network including coaching, mentoring and
senior sponsorship.
6. Transparency around future key roles by utilising effective succession management.
7. A core set of leadership and talent programmes for the IMs delivered through the HSBC
University.
8. Support for formal training and educational assistance.
9. An IM development journey aligned to the broader talent and performance management cycle -
ongoing development and career conversations with your manager should occur throughout the
year.
The IM development journey is supported by structured career frameworks designed by each of
the Global Businesses, Functions and HOST. Each framework highlights the skills, experiences
and capabilities needed from its IMs, and expectations around the length, number of assignments,
and principles of deployments.
Development planning:
All employees are expected to have a development plan which should be regularly discussed with
their manager throughout the year, and updated throughout their career. A development plan gives
direction, purpose and a set of realistic goals that can help to make the right career and development
decisions about the future, and will provide support to identify short- and long-term career goals.
As a key talent pipeline, it is important that IMs create and share their development plan to help
raise their profile across the business so that key stakeholders understand their development
priorities, experience gaps and career aspirations to directly support career progression and provide
feedback about next moves and readiness for the most critical roles across the Group.
Learning and development opportunities:
Global Learning is launching a range of leadership and talent solutions focusing on: leadership;
performance and culture; risk management; and business and role-specific learning. These are all
programmes that will be open to our IMs to help them on their journey. The talent programmes are a critical
part of the IM development journey and we will continue to invest in our high potential top performers to
help you to build your capabilities to become our future leaders. All IMs are expected to participate on
HSBC’S two flagship talent programmes – Accelerated Development Programme (ADP) and Accelerated
Executive Program (AEP); as well as the Faculty Excellence programme.
The School of Leadership delivers solutions to develop and raise the performance of leaders and managers
from supervisors to senior executives. Each of the solutions encourage you to think about the right
leadership for you, taking into account the outcomes of your role, the situations that you find yourself in
and, critically, the needs of the people around you.
The employees lead seven global networks and a variety of HSBC Communities. These
voluntary groups bring together employees with shared characteristics and common interests.
They aim to make sure everyone feels included, and can help HSBC to address internal
challenges and opportunities. Their insight into the experience and needs of a diverse customer
base can also help our business identify commercial opportunities. The networks focus on
gender, age, ethnicity, LGBT+, faith, working parents and careers, and ability. HSBC
Communities have been formed on a range of topics, including flexible working, mindfulness
and Chinese culture.
8. Airtel
Talent management:
As a part of development of talent pipeline, Airtel identified two specific programs:
Following are some steps taking by Bharti Airtel towards empowering ad developing its workforce
(action pillars):
Talent Development
Promotion of Diversity
Fostering an ethical work culture
Developing a safe and Healthy workplace
9. Mu Sigma
Employee development:
Data analytics companies often face a shortage of the right analytical talent required to deal with
today's complexity. Hence Mu Sigma decided to do something about it. It launched Mu Sigma
University which coaches its people to become decision scientists in data driven behavioral
analytics, financial analytics, big data analytics software, business decisions and more. It also
keeps them up to date on the top big data analytics industry trends forming world class analytical
and consulting skills.
Established exclusively for Mu Sigma employees, MSU is a groundbreaking learning and career
development program for data driven decision sciences. Employees are given chance to engage in
courses taught by actual Mu Sigma practitioners, and participate in hands-on, experiential projects
under their mentorship.
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