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WAVELENGTHS AND
l(EV TABLES FOR
NONDIFFRACTIVE
ANALYSIS
Prepared by
G. C. Johnson. Jr., ancl E.W. White
Prepared by
G. G. Johnson, Jr., and E.W. White
Price $5.00
ISBN 0-8031-2006-0
NOTE
this publication.
Printed in U.S.A.
April 1970
ii
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword V
Periodic T~ble 40
Related ASTM Publication
DESCRIPTION OF TABLE
the Foreword.
v
3. The column (c) carries certain comments designated ,jn the
following manner:
/or C R * $
A x
B x
c x x
D x
E x x
F x x
G x x x
H x
x x
J x x
K x x x
L x x
M x x x
N x x x
0 x x x x
where:
I indicates that the value was interpolated from data for neighboring
elements.
C indicates the value was calculated from other transitions for the same
element.
vi
R indicates that the "best" measured value was rejected by Bearden and
Burr in their least squares energy level adjustment and that the original
value has been replaced, as a consequence, by their adjusted value.
* indicates that this line does not represent a dipole transition and hence
will be usually quite weak.
$ denotes a transition in which the electron in the initial state occupies
a level that is unoccupied in the ground state of the isolated atom. These
lines have been called "semioptical" lines and were so designated in
"X-ray Wavelengths" [3]. However, stince the experimentally observed
radiation comes from a solid target (in some cases, a chemical compound
rather than a pure element), the transitions can be attributed mainly to
solid state or chemcial effects or both.
4. The /, or relative intensity, column furnishes the relative intensity
of a given line within a given series for a given element. Occasional in-
tensities left blank indicate that the intensity is very weak and unknown.
The unresolved Ka 1 a 2 line .intensity is given as 150, or the integrated
intensity of the lines.
It is impossible to assign accurate relative intensity values to X-ray
lines even within a given series (K, L, M, etc.) of an element. The reason
is that the observed relative intensities are dependent upon a host of
experimental parameters including energy of the X-rays or electrons
causing the excitation, self-absorption within the specimen, and wave-
length-dependent response or efficiency of the detector. The self-absorp-
tion effect is the primary basis for the observed chemical effect among
the L-series lines. The La to Lf3 line intensity ratio may vary by a factor
of two to five, depending on the element and experimental conditions
used. Nevertheless, it is important to know whether a given line can be
expected to be seen as very strong, weak, or very weak. An extensive
search of the literature failed to provide us with enough information to
assign such values for this table. The only recourse was to experimentally
collect the required data. No attempt has been made to assign N-series
line intensities, as these are seldom used for analysis, and also because
we were unable to experimentally measure the N spectral series.
5. Z is the numerical value for the atomic number.
6. The value given R .indicates the primary literature source utilized
such that, for
R = 0, the reference is Cauchois [4] where the wavelength was in kX
units; for
R = 1, the reference is Cauchois [4] where the wavelength was in A
units; for
R = 2, the reference is Bearden [3] where the wavelength was in A*
units; and for
R = 6, the reference is Bearden [5] where the wavelength is in A* units.
7. The KeV value was determined by dividing the wavelength of
each Hne .into the value of h v, according to the formula:
12.396
KeV = - - -
X (A*)
8. Lambda (X) is the wavelength in A*, as introduced by Bearden
[3]. Wavelengths which appear as 31.599999, for example, should be
understood to be 31.6. The series of 9's is due to the finite word length
and numerical representation of certain numbers on a binary computer.
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
[l] White, E. W., GJbbs, G. V., Johnson, Jr., G. G. and Zechman, Jr.,
G. R., X-ray Emission Line Wavelength and Two-Theta Tables,
ASTM DS 37, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1965.
[2] White, E. W., Gibbs, G. V., Johnson, Jr., G. G. and Zechman, Jr.,
G. R., X-ray Wavelength and Crystal Interchange Tables for Wave-
length Geared Curved Crystal Spectrometer, Mineral Industries: Ex-
periment Station Publication 3-64, Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, Pa., 1965.
[3] Bearden, J. A., Reviews of Modern Physics, RMPHA, Vol 39, No.
1, 1967, pp. 78-124.
[4] Cauohois, Y. and Hulubei, H. in Constantes Selectionnees Longuers
d'onde des Emissions X et d' Absorption X, Hermann & Cie, Eds.,
Paris, 1947.
[5] Basic data presented in Ref. 3, with minor revisions supplied by J. A.
Bearden, June 1969, on punched IBM cards.
viii
Table I
Compilation of Each Element by
Increasing Atomic Number
DS46-EB-EB/Apr. 1970
Page 1.
Rb Ll 3 37 6 1.482 8. 364 Zr 17 5 • 1 40 6 2. 25 5 5. 4 98
Rb Ln 1 37 6 1.542 8. o41 Zr 17 1 1 40 6 2.302 5. 384
Rb L<12 10 37 6 1. 692 7.325 Zr 1y 2 , 3 •5 40 & 2.502 4. 954
Rb La 1 10 0 37 6 1.694 7. 318 Z[" Ka 2 50 40 6 15.688 o. 790
Rb Lf31 45 37 6 1.752 7. 076 Zr K<1uz 150 40 6 15.744 0.787
W l'l4-N3 .o 1 74 6 1. 4 46 8. 57 3 Re Mz 2 • 01 75 5 1. 4 31 8. 6 64
W M3 -Ni -5 74 6 1.684 7. 360 Re MZi .01 75 6 1.437 8. 5 29
lf !'15-03 .01 74 6 1.770 7.005 Re M4-N 3 • 01 75 6 1. 505 8. 239
lf l'la 2 100 74 6 1.773 6.992 Re Ma 100 75 6 1.842 6. 7 29
lf !'la i 100 74 6 1. 775 6. 983 Re Mil 45 75 6 1.906 6. '>04
!'13-0i
'if .o 1 74 6 2.203 5. 6 28 Re La 2 10 75 6 R.585 1. 444
W l'l 2 -N4 - 1 74 6 2. 31 4 5. 357 Re La 1 100 75 6 8.651 1. 433
W l'li -N3 •5 74 6 2. 39 7 5.172 Re Ln 1 75 6 9.026 1. 37 3
W Mi-02,3 •01 74 6 2.792 4. 4 4 0 Re L 2 -M 2 • Q1 75 6 9.274 1. 337
W Ll 3 74 6 7.386 1. 6 78 Re L/3 1 7 • 01 75 6 9. 5 89 1. 293
U Mr 5 92 6 3. 56 3 3. 4 79 Np Ln 1 93 6 15.874 o. 7 81
U M2 - N1 .01 92 6 3.724 3. 3 29 Np L/3 6 • 1 93 6 16. 120 o. 7 69
U M3-01 •5 92 6 3.979 3. 115 Np Ltlz 20 93 6 16.837 0.736
U M3-04 •S 1 92 6 4.205 2. 94 8 Np L/3 4 4 93 6 17. 058 o. 727
U M1 - Nz 1 92 6 4.245 2. 920 Np Lf3s 1 93 6 17. 505 o. 708
u Ly 5 • 1 92 6 19. 50 4 o. 6 36 Pu Lr 2 1 94 6 21.721 o. 5 71
lJ Lz-N3 .01 92 6 19.904 o. 6 23 Pu Ly 8 • 1 94 6 21.909 o.:; 5 5
0 Ly 1 10 92 6 20. 16 4 0.615 Pu Ly 3 2 94 6 21. 979 o. 5 64
u Lrz 1 92 6 20.481 0.605 Pu Lr 6 • 01 94 6 22.146 o. 'i 60
U Lv .o 1 92 6 20.554 0.603 Pu Ly 4 p .1 94 6 22.820 o. 543
Pu K/3z 11 94 3 120.3.'iO o. 1D 3
Am Ll 3 95 6 12.381 1. 001
Am Laz 10 95 6 14.409 o. 860
Am La 1 100 95 6 14.615 o. 848
Am Lf36 • 1 95 6 16.884 o. 7 34
Aia Lf31s 1 95 6 17.623 o. 703
Am Lf3z 20 95 6 17. 673 o. 701
Am Lf34 4 95 6 18.060 o. 6 86
Am L/3s 1 95 6 18.396 0.674
Am Ll31 50 95 6 18.849 o. 658
Am L/33 6 95 6 19.103 o. 649
Am Ly 1 10 95 6 22.061 0.562
Am Lrz 1 95 6 22. 35'! o. 554
Am Lr6 .01 95 6 22.824 o. 5 43
Am Ka 2 50 95 3 101.607 0.1 22
Cs Ly 2 1 55 6 5. 5 41 2. 2 37 Ce Ln 1 58 6 4.731 2.620
Ba Ly 1 5 56 6 5. 5 30 2.241 Cs L/33 6 55 6 4.716 2.62A
U Pl 1 -P3 • 01 92 6 5.502 2. 25 3 Sb Ly 4 • 1 51 6 4.696 2.640
Pr L/3 4 5 59 6 5. 4 97 2.255 I Lrs • 1 53 6 4.66'i 2.657
Pr L/3 1 5J 59 6 5. 4 88 2. 259 La La 1 100 57 6 4.650 2. f.6fi
Gd Ll 2 64 6 5. 3 61 2. 3 12 Sc K/35 • 02 21 6 4 .4 8fi 2. 76 3
cs Lr 1 5 55 6 5. 279 2.348 Ba La 1 100 56 6 4.465 2. 776
Ce L/3 4 5 58 6 5. 276 2.350 Sn Ly 4 • 1 50 6 4.463 2.777
Ce L/3 1 50 58 6 5. 2 61 2.356 Sc Kf3113 20 21 6 4.460 2.780
Nd La 1 100 60 6 5. 2 29 2.370 Pr Ll 2 5q 6 4. 4 52 2. 784
In Lr 1 8 49 6 3. q 20 3. 16 2 K SK:1+ 3 1q 3. 33 5 3.716
SnLllzris 17 50 6 3. 9 04 3.175 Te Ll 7 52 6 3.31S 3. 717
Sb Lil+ 4 51 6 3. 185 3. 190 Th M3 -N+ 5 qo 6 3.334 3. 718
Sb Lili 75 51 6 3. 'l 4] 3. 226 K SK:x 3 3 1q 1 3.332 J. 721
Pa /13 -01 .5 91 6 3. g 20 3. 245 Pd L:r 1 10 4 6 6 3. 328 J. 72 .5
Ru l'lz-N1 1 44 6 o. 3 84 32. J 00
Nb l'lz-N4 50 41 6 o. 3 75 .33. 100
Ag l14•sOz,3 1 47 6 0.370 33.500
Th N4-N 6 90 6 0.369 33.570
u N5-N&• 7 92 6 o.] 56 34.800
Nb 117 1 00 41 6 o. 3 55 34.900
Sc Ln 1 21 6 o. 3 53 35. 130
Mo l1z-N1 1 42 6 o. 3 51 35.300
Sc Ll 1 21 6 o. 3 48 35.590
Ca Lf31 10 20 6 o. 3 45 35.940
Th Ns-N6•7 90 6 o. 3 41 36. 3 20
Ca L<X1rz 1 00 20 6 0.341 36. 330
Cd Mz 1 48 6 o. 3 37 36. 8 00
Pd l14,5Clz,3 10 46 6 o. 3 31 3 7. 4 00
Mo M3-N1 100 42 6 o. 3 31 37. 500
Nb Mz-N1 1 41 6 o. 3 23 38.400
Ag Mz 1 47 6 o. 3 12 39.770
Ca Ln 1 20 6 o. 3 06 40.460
Nb l13-N1 10 41 6 o. 3 05 4 o. 7 00
Rh !'14 •5 Oz• 3 10 45 6 o. 3 03 40.900
Ca Ll 20 6 0.303 4 o. 9 60
u N&-Os 92 6 o. 294 42.100
Pb N4 -N 6 82 6 o. 2 93 42.300
u N6-04 92 6 o. 286 43. 300
Pd Mz 46 6 o. 284 43.600
Rh Mz 1 45 6 o. 2 60 47.670
K Ll 100 19 6 o. 260 47.740
Hg Ns-N6, 7 80 6 o. 2 59 47.900
Pt N4 -N 6 78 6 0.258 48.100
Th N6-0s 90 6 o. 25 7 48.200
y ll3-N1 39 6 0.256 48.500
Au Ns-N6•7 79 6 o. 2 51 49.400
Th N&-04 90 6 o. 2 50 49.500
Th N7-0s 90 6 o. 2 48 50.000
Th N7-0s 90 6 o. 248 50.000
IA WAVELENGTHS OF SELECTED
H 1 IIA
Li 3 Be 4
Ka 230.0 114.o
Na 11 Mg 12
11. 91 9.890
11.62 9.570 IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB / VIII-
19
K Ca 20 Sc 21 Ti 22 v 23 Cr 24 Mn 25 Fe 26 Co 27
Ka 3.742 3.359 3.032 2.750 2.505 2.291 2.103 1.937 1.790
Kf\ 3.454 3.090 2.780 2.514 2.284 2.085 1.910 1.757 1.621
La 36.33 31. 35 27.42 24.25 21.64 19.45 17.59 15.97
Rb 37 Sr 38 y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo 42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh 45
0.927 0.877 0.830 0.787 0.748 0.711 0.676 o.644 0.615
0.829 0.783 0.741 0.702 o.666 0.632 0.601 0.572 0.546
7.318 6.863 6.449 6.070 5.724 5.406 5.115 4.846 4.597
Ca 55 Ba 56 La*57 Hf 72 Ta 73 w 74 Re 75 Os 76 Ir 77
Ka o.402 0.387 0.372 0.224 0.217 0.211 0.204 0.198 0.193
La 2.892 2.776 2.666 1.570 1.522 1.476 1.433 0.391 1.351
1 14.88 7.252 6.983 6.729 6.478 6.262
Ma 7.539
N# 58.20 55.80 54. 70 52.80 50.20
Fr 87 Ra 88 Ac+89
0.146 0.142 0.138
1.030 1.005 0.980
Ce 58 Pr 59 Nd 60 Pm 61 Sm 62
*La Series 0.359 0.346 0.333 0.322 0.310
2.561 2.463 2.370 2.282 2.200
14.04 13.34 12.68 11.47
Th 90 Pa 91 u 92 Np 93 Pu 94
0.134 0.131 0.128 0.125 0.122
0.956 0.933 0.911 0.889 o.868
4.138 4.022 3.910
+Ac Series 8.810
9.442
Cu 63 Gd 64 Tb 65 Dy 66 Ho 67 Er 68 Tm 69 Yb 70 Lu 71
o. 300 0.290 0.280 0.271 0.262 0.254 0.246 0.238 0.231 Ka
D.121 2.047 1.976 1.909 1.845 1.784 1.727 1.672 1.619 L~
0.96 10.46 10.00 9. 590 9.200 8.820 8.480 8.149 7.840 Ma
~ 95 Cm 96 Bk 97 Cf 98 Es 99 Fml{X) MdlOl No 102
D.119 0.116 0.113 0.110 Ka
o. 848 0.829 0.810 0.792 L~
Ma
N#