The Significance of Ipomoea Batatas 2018

The Significance of Sweet
Potato (Ipomoea batatas)Leaves

in Lowering Human Blood
Glucose Levels
A Science Investigatory Project
Researchers
Arvie Cleije Curioso

Danica Agregado
Charlotte Opalalic
Maria Casey Fernando
Madella Joyce C. Serrato
September 2017
Research Adviser
Rowena Asignado
The Significance of Camote Tops’ (Ipomoea batatas)
Tea in Lowering Human Blood Glucose Levels
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Research Plan
A. Question or Problem Being Addressed ------------- Page 3
B. Goals/Objectives --------------------------- Page 3
C. Description in Detail of Method or Procedures -------- Page 4
D. Bibliography -------------------------------- Page 5
Abstract ----------------------------------------- Page 6
I. Introduction
1.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 7
1.2 Statement of the Problem - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 9
1.3 Hypothesis -------------------------------- Page 9
1.4 Significance of the Study - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 10
1.5 Scope and Limitations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 10
II. Review of Related Literature and Conceptual Framework
2.1 Review of Related Literature and Related Studies --- Page 11
2.2 Conceptual Framework - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 18
2.3 Hypotheses - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 18
2.4 Definition of Terms - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 19
9-PEARL2018 GROUP 2,
III. Methodology
3.1 Research Design - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 20
3.2 Preparation of Materials - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 20
3.3 Testing Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 21
3.4 Flowchart - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 22
IV. Results, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data
4.1 Recorded Data - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 23
` 4.2 Results - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 24
V. Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
5.1 Summary of Findings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 25
5.2 Conclusions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 25
5.3 Recommendations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - Page 26
VI. Documentation and Bibliography
6.1 References/Bibliography - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 27
6.2 Documentation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - Page 27
RESEARCH PLAN
A. QUESTIONS OR PROBLEMS BEING ADDRESSED
1. Will Camote tops’ (Ipomoea batatas) tea be able to significantly lower
human blood glucose levels as well as how its leaves do?
2. Will this study be beneficial to diabetic people?
3. How can this study be beneficial to the society?
4. Will this study be effective at the same time safe?
5. How will this study prove that Camote tops’ (Ipomoea batatas) tea can
really lower blood sugar?
B. GOALS/OBJECTIVES
The main objective of the research is to obtain proof that Camote tops’
(Ipomoea batatas) tea can significantly lower human blood glucose levels.
Moreover, this research also aims to perform the following:
1. To identify whether the content of Camote tops’ (Ipomoea
batatas) tea is able to decrease human blood glucose levels;
2. To determine the product’s benefits and effectiveness to the
community, especially to people suffering from diabetes; and,
3. To determine if the product can be recommended as a vital part
of a diabetic’s daily diet.
C. DESCRIPTION IN DETAIL OF METHOD OR PROCEDURES
GATHERING THE MATERIALS

PREPARING THE TOOLS AND MATERIALS

SEPARATING THE LEAVES FROM THE STEMS

MAKING THE TEA (LEAVES IN THE TEA BAG)

PREPARING THE TEA TO DRINK

CONSUMING THE COOKED/STEAMED LEAVES

TESTING THE BLOOD GLUCOSE

COMPARING RESULTS

DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
CONSTANT VARIABLE  Amount of Camote tops’
(Ipomoea batatas) inside the
tea bag
 Nutritional Content and amount
of food consumed by the
subject per meal, per day
RESPONDING VARIABLE  CBG (Capillary Blood Glucose)
test results
MANIPULATING VARIABLE  Hypoglycemic properties of
Camote tops’ (Ipomoea
batatas) tea
D. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 http://www.stuartxchange.org/Kamote.html
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24629984
 http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes
 http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperglycemia/article.htm
 http://www.livestrong.com/article/169850-medicinal-uses-of-ipomoea-
batatas/
 http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=rjmp.2015.227.233
ABSTRACT
This study considers the people who are suffering from diabetes mellitus
especially those who are not able to afford costly anti-hyperglycemia medicine
such as insulin shots and oral hypoglycemic drugs. This project focuses on the
properties of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves, locally known as kamote,
which significantly lower human blood glucose levels.
This study limited the testing to a female 31-year old human subject who is
suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The researchers included a variable
amount of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves in the subject’s breakfast, lunch
and dinner for 7 days, The researchers tested the subject’s capillary blood glucose
(CBG) levels using a prescribed, industry-standard glucometer at specific times
daily during the 7-day experiment period.
The researchers were able to observe a significant effect of the Sweet
Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves on the subject’s blood glucose levels and hereby
recommends an extensive research and testing be done possibly with a more
subjects with different ages, gender and medical conditions. With this in mind, the
researchers also recommended that Ipomoea Batatas leaves be considered as a
supplementary treatment for hyperglycemia.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Filipinos are at a high risk of developing hyperglycemia. This is because of
our culture’s inclination to food products which are rich in carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are not bad. It is still required as a major part of our recommended
daily diet but as they always say, too much of something is bad. Lately,
researchers have discovered that Filipinos ages 30 to 60 years old are at a higher
risk of having Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
People are now being made aware of these risks and right now, there are
lots of innovative products which are proven to lower human blood glucose levels
that are available in the local and international market. However, these products
are deemed to be expensive. A person suffering from Type 2 Diabetes spends an
average of Php 100 a day on maintenance medicine alone. This does not include
food supplements and recommended daily diet.
There are some natural food sources with hypoglycemic effects, one of
which is Bitter melon (Momordica charantia), locally known as ampalaya. It has
been widely used as supplementary treatment for patients with diabetes. But, let’s
face it. Not everybody adores it’s bitter taste and moreover, it can be a little costly
depending on the season.
This is why the researchers of this study thought of finding an alternative.
Mother Nature works in wonders and after doing some research, we came across
an article which highlighted a research conducted on the effects of Sweet Potato
(Ipomoea batatas) leaves in lowering the blood glucose levels of rats. They
figured, if this works on rats, then most likely it would work on humans, too.
Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves are never out of season. They grow
quickly on almost every kind of soil and they do not cost a fortune to get a hold of.
The researchers also noted that it can be prepared as simply as just steaming or
boiling the leaves in water and the taste is more favorable than other known food
sources which decrease blood glucose levels.
The subject who volunteered to be the main element to this study is a 31-
year old female who was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at age 29. She
has been struggling with managing her condition for a few years now. Just imagine
how much help the results of this research would be not only to her but also to
other Filipinos who have diabetes, as well as to those who are at high risk of
developing hyperglycemia. With the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves, they
will they have a cheaper, healthier and readily-available supplementary treatment
for their condition.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
GENERAL PROBLEM
1. Can the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves be used to significantly
lower human blood glucose levels?
SPECIFIC PROBLEM
1. Are the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves readily available and easy to
prepare for consumption?
2. Can the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves be promoted as
supplementary treatment for hyperglycemia?
HYPOTHESES
Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2 or µ1- µ2 ≠ 0 (Alternative Hypothesis)
The Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves will significantly lower the
subject’s human blood glucose levels. It will also be a cheap, safe and natural
Ha: µ1 = µ2 or µ1- µ2 = 0 (Null Hypothesis)
subject’s human blood glucose levels. However, it will be unsafe and costly when
used as a supplemetary treatment for hyperglycemia.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research is important to people who are suffering from diabetes or
hyperglycemia, as well as to people who are at risk of having diabetes or
hyperglycemia. Once proven that the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves can
significantly lower a person’s blood glucose levels, this can be promoted as a
cheap, healthy, and safe supplemental and alternative treatment.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
This study focused on the effect of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves
in lowering human blood glucose levels. The subject of the study is a 31-year old
female who is suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
A cup of steamed/boiled Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves was given
to her for consumption along with her lunch and dinner meals for 7 days. She still
took her prescribed diet and prescribed medication at the prescribed time period.
Her blood glucose levels were monitored four times a day at specific times
using an industry-standard, approved glucometer. All results were recorded and
data gathered was analyzed to draw observations and conclusions.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas) LEAVES
The website, http://www.stuartxchange.org/Kamote.html described Sweet
potato or Ipomoea batatas, and locally known as kamote, as a spreading,
prostrate, herbaceous, smooth or somewhat hairy vine. Stems or runners,
sprawling several meters long, take root when in contact with soil. Leaves are
ovate to oblong-ovate, 6 to 14 centimeters long, with alternate heart-shaped or
palmately lobed leaves, pointed at the tip, and heart-shaped at the base.
Flowers are sympetalous like that of morning glory, 5 centimeters long,
funnel-shaped, purple, self sterile, and rarely producing seeds. Stamens are 5, of
different lengths attached to corolla (epipetalous) with hairy filaments. Sepals are
about 1 centimeter long and greenish with pointed lobes. Corolla is funnel shaped,
4 to 5 centimeters long, pink, purple, and whitish.
The edible and sweet-tasting tuberous root is long and tapered with a
smooth skin of varying colors from red, purple, brown and white. The flesh varies
from white, orange, purple and yellow.
It is a warm season crop cultivated extensively and can be planted at any
time of the year. It is also easily propagated from stem cuttings. It is also
considered as an anti-oxidant, antimutagenic, antibacterial, antidiabetic,
hemostatic and spleen invigorating.
NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas) LEAVES
According to the website, http://www.stuartxchange.org/Kamote.html, the
Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves have a high content of polyphenolics -
anthocyanins and phenolic acids, with at least 15 biologically active anthocyanins
with medicinal value. Polyphenols have physiologic functions, radical scavenging
activity, antimutagenic, anticancer, antidiabetes and antibacterial activity. Study
isolated four compounds: citrusin C, caffeic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboylic acid.
Nutrient and anti-nutrient study of leaves yielded: crude protein, 24.85%;
crude fat, 4.90%; crude fibre, 7.20%; ash, 11.10%; carbohydrate, 51.95%;
moisture contents, 82.21%; and calorific values, 351.30. Vitamin composition
showed: vitamin A, 0.672 mg/100g; vitamin C, 15.20 mg/100g. Elemental analysis
showed appreciable levels of zinc (0.08), potassium (4.05), sodium (4.23),
manganese (4.64), calcium (28.44), magnesium (340.00) and iron (16.00). It
showed low levels of toxicants.
A similar study which confirms the information mentioned above was
published on the website, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24629984 The
correlation coefficient between antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content
was the highest (0.76032, p<0.0001), indicating that polyphenols are important
antioxidants in sweet potato leaves. Sweet potato leaves, should be consumed as
leafy vegetables in an attempt to reduce malnutrition.
DIABETES
As per the website, http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes
diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person
has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is
inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both.
Patients with high blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent
urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry
(polyphagia).
Diabetes is a long-term condition that causes high blood sugar levels. In
Type 1 Diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Some people may refer to
this type as insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile diabetes, or early-onset diabetes.
People usually develop type 1 diabetes before their 40th year, often in early
adulthood or teenage years.
Type 1 diabetes is nowhere near as common as type 2 diabetes.
Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1. Patients with type 1 diabetes
will need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life. They must also ensure
proper blood-glucose levels by carrying out regular blood tests and following a
special diet.
In Type 2 Diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin for proper
function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin (insulin resistance).
Approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide are type 2.
Some people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by
losing weight, following a healthy diet, doing plenty of exercise, and monitoring
their blood glucose levels. However, type 2 diabetes is typically a progressive
disease - it gradually gets worse - and the patient will probably end up have to
take insulin, usually in tablet form.
Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2
diabetes compared to those with a healthy body weight. Being overweight,
physically inactive and eating the wrong foods all contribute to our risk of
developing type 2 diabetes. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is also greater
as we get older. Those with a close relative who had/had type 2 diabetes, people
of Middle Eastern, African, or South Asian descent also have a higher risk of
developing the disease.
Gestational Diabetes affects females during pregnancy. Some women have
very high levels of glucose in their blood, and their bodies are unable to produce
enough insulin to transport all of the glucose into their cells, resulting in
progressively rising levels of glucose.
The majority of gestational diabetes patients can control their diabetes with
exercise and diet. Between 10% to 20% of them will need to take some kind of
blood-glucose-controlling medications. Undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational
diabetes can raise the risk of complications during childbirth. The baby may be
bigger than he/she should be.
HYPERGLYCEMIA
According to the http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperglycemia/article.htm
Hyperglycemia is the medical term describing an abnormally high blood glucose
(blood sugar) level. Blood sugar is measured in a sample of blood taken from a
vein or from a small finger stick sample of blood. It can be measured in a
laboratory either alone or with other blood tests, or it can be measured using a
handheld glucometer, a small device that allows frequent monitoring of blood
glucose levels without the need for a doctor's office or laboratory.
Hyperglycemia is a hallmark sign of diabetes (both type 1 diabetes and type
2 diabetes) and prediabetes. Normal ranges for blood glucose measurements can
vary slightly among different laboratories, but in general a fasting (early a.m.
before breakfast) glucose level is considered normal if it is between 70-100 mg/dL.
Glucose levels may rise slightly above this range following a meal. Random blood
glucose measurements are usually lower than 125 mg/dL.
The main symptoms of hyperglycemia are increased thirst and a frequent
need to urinate. Other symptoms that can occur with hyperglycemia
are headaches, tiredness, blurred vision, hunger, and trouble with thinking or
concentrating. Over time, hyperglycemia can lead to damage to organs and
tissues. Long-term hyperglycemia can impair the immune response, leading to
poor healing of cuts and wounds. It can also cause nerve damage, vision
problems, anddamage to the blood vessels and kidneys
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas) LEAVES
There is an article which can be found on the livestrong website, specifically
at http://www.livestrong.com/article/169850-medicinal-uses-of-ipomoea-batatas/
which suggests that Sweet potato is effective at promoting healthy blood sugar,
according to a study published in the February 2004 issue of the journal Diabetes
Care. In a follow-up experiment to a previous study, volunteers with type-2
diabetes took white sweet potato extract for 12 weeks. At the end of the study,
researchers found that sweet potato significantly reduced cholesterol, fasting
glucose and A1C, a long-term measurement of glucose control.
The Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition confirms that sweet
potato contains properties that help fight heart disease. A study published in the
May 2011 edition shows that sweet potato leaves suppress low-density lipoprotein
oxidation in humans. LDL is a bad form of cholesterol linked to heart disease.
When it is oxidized -- that is, reacts with free radicals -- LDL becomes even more
harmful and can cause inflammation and promote hardening of the arteries. Free
radicals are atoms with an unpaired number of electrons that have the capacity to
damage cells. The antioxidant activity of sweet potato neutralizes free radicals, so
it helps prevent LDL oxidation. The high antioxidant activity of sweet potato
appears to exert anti-cancer activity, according to an animal study published in the
November 2004 issue of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. The
results suggested sweet potato possesses anti-cancer properties.
ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas) LEAVES
An article on the website, http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=rjmp.2015.227.233
a study was carried out to investigate the anti-diabetic activity of Sweet Potato
Ipomoea batatas leaves extract and its effect on hepatic enzymes, total protein
and albumin in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
A total of twenty animals was divided into four experimental groups
consisting of five animals each. The groups included a positive control, negative
control, diabetic-treated Ipomoea batatas and Diabetic-treated tolbutamide for 14
days. All were fed normal diet. After the treatment a significant reduction was
observed in fasting serum glucose levels in the treated diabetics’ rats. There was a
significant (p<0.05) reduction of feed and water intakes by the animals after the
treatment with Ipomoea batatas and tolbutamide.
Treatment also improved the weight gain compared to untreated diabetic
rats. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the diabetes untreated is significantly higher
compared to that normal and treated animal and others treated with extract and
tolbutamide.
A Similar trend was observed in the Aspartate transaminase and Alanine
transaminase activity, respectively, the reversed was observed in the albumin and
total protein level, respectively. Hence, the result shows that the extract is not toxic
and possesses anti-diabetic properties.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
To significantly lower
human blood glucose
levels
Sweet Potato
(Ipomoea batatas)
Leaves
To discover a cheap,
healthy, and safe
supplemental treatment
for hyperglycemia
HYPOTHESES
Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2 or µ1- µ2 ≠ 0 (Alternative Hypothesis)
subject’s human blood glucose levels. It will also be a cheap, safe and natural
Ha: µ1 = µ2 or µ1- µ2 = 0 (Null Hypothesis)
subject’s human blood glucose levels. However, it will be unsafe and costly when
used as a supplemetary treatment for hyperglycemia.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
HEPATIC ENZYMES - Inflammed or injured liver cells leak higher than normal
amounts of certain chemicals, including liver enzymes on blood tests.
GLUCOSE- is a simple sugar with the molecular formula CHO. Glucose circulates
in the blood of animals such as blood sugar. It is made during photosynthesis from
water and carbin dioxide, using energy from the sunlight.
GLUCOSE/GLUCOMETER- a medical device for determinating the approximate

concentration of glucose in the blood.
CAPILLARY BLOOD GLUCOSE (CBG)- is taking blood sample from the finger
using a special needle and placing the blood drop on a testing device called the
Glucometer.
NORMAL BLOOD SUGAR- for someone without Diabetes, a fasting blood sugar
on awakening should be under 100mg./dl. Before meal normal sugars are 70-
99mg/dl. ‘’postprandial’’ sugars taken two hours after meals shoud be less than
140mg/dl.
DIABETES- a disease with the body’s ability to produce or respond to the

hormone insulin is impaired resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates
and elevated levels of glucose in the blood and urine.
DIABETES MELLITUS- a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of

chronic hyperglycemia either immune meditated (type 1 diabetes), insulin
resistance (type 2), gestational or others (enviroment, genetic defects, infections,
and certain drugs).
ALLOXAN- an acidic compound obtain by the oxidation of uric acid isolated as an

efforescent crystalline hydrate.
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
This investigatory project is designed as a analytical study on the effect of
Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves in lowering human blood glucose levels. It
is composed of a control set-up wherein the subject followed a specific diet of
2400 kcal and 360 grams of Carbohydrates with no simple sugars for 7 days. The
The experimental set-up lies on the amount of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
leaves given to the subject for consumption during every meal.
The procedures explained in detail on the succeeding pages were done in
order to prove that Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves can indeed significantly
lower Human Blood Glucose Levels. The effectiveness rate will be determined
based on the difference between the subject’s blood glucose levels after
consuming food with and without Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves.
PREPARATION OF MATERIALS
The researchers obtained the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves used
in this study from a resident of Concepcion Uno, Marikina City who grows this
plant on her front yard. The glucometer used in this experiment was the subject’s
personal property. The other food products which are part of the subject’s diet was
also provided for by the subject.
After gathering the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves, the researchers
separated the leaves from the stems, washed them and steamed/boiled them in
water. The cooked leaves were then measured using a standard 250 ml baking
cup. Half a cup of these cooked leaves is provided to the subject for consumption
during lunch and a cup is given during dinner..
Two hours after food consumption, the blood glucose level of the subject
was tested using a glucometer and results were recorded for analysis of data and
drawing conclusions.
TESTING PROCEDURE
The CBG (capillary blood glucose) levels of the subject were tested using a
glucometer at specific times of the day. The subject wakes up every day before 6
AM and at 6:00 AM, her CBG is tested and result is recorded. She eats breakfast
without consuming Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves around 8:00 AM. Her
CBG is then taken 2 hours after at 10:00 AM and data is recorded.
The subject consumes half a cup of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves
during lunch at 12:00 Noon. Her CBG is checked after two hours at 2:00 PM and is
recorded. She then eats dinner with a cup of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
leaves at 6:00 PM, then her CBG is checked after 2 hours at 8:00 PM.
This process was done daily for 7 days. Results of CBG were recorded and
analyzed accordingly.
FLOWCHART OF THE PROCEDURE
GATHERING THE MATERIALS

PREPARING THE TOOLS AND MATERIALS

SEPARATING THE LEAVES FROM THE STEMS

WASHING THE LEAVES

STEAMING THE LEAVES

CONSUMING THE COOKED/STEAMED LEAVES

TESTING THE BLOOD GLUCOSE

COMPARING RESULTS

DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This part of this research proves the significance of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea
batatas) leaves in lowering human blood glucose levels. The next pages will
provide you with the results of the tests in table and graph form.
A. TABLES
Amount of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Leaves Consumed per Meal
BREAKFAST LUNCH DINNER

DAY
8:00 AM 12:00 PM 6:00 PM
1 None ½ cup 1 cup
2 None ½ cup 1 cup
3 None ½ cup 1 cup
4 None ½ cup 1 cup
5 None ½ cup 1 cup
6 None ½ cup 1 cup
7 None ½ cup 1 cup
CBG (Capillary Blood Glucose) Levels at Specific Times of the Day
TIME
DAY
6:00 AM 10:00 AM 2:00 PM 8:00 PM
1 209 mg/dL 256 mg/dL 223 mg/dL 212 mg/dL
B. GRAPHS
300
250
200
6:00 AM
150 10:00 AM
2:00 PM
100 8:00 PM
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Due to anti-diabetic properties of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves,
the subject’s blood glucose levels decreased in significant amounts. The
researchers were able to notice that the higher amount of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea
batatas) leaves consumed, the higher is the rate of decrease in the subject’s blood
glucose levels.
No negative side effects were noted and the subject did not report any
discomfort, pain, or any other predicaments.
CONCLUSIONS
After a period of research and tests, the following conclusions were derived:
(1) that Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves can be used to significantly lower
human blood glucose levels; (2) that the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves
are readily available and are easy to prepare for consumption; and (3) that the
Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves ca be promoted as a supplementary
treatment for hyperglycemia.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Further research and development is recommended on this study in order
to achieve better results.
Introducing the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves as part of a
diabetic’s diet for seven days yielded positive results. With this in mind, the
researchers highly recommend the following for future researches and studies:
1. Further testing must be conducted with more subjects from different age
groups, race, gender, medical conditions and medical histories.
2. Utilizing both varieties of the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves
namely the green and purple ones are suggested to determine if there is
a difference on their effectiveness in lowering human glucose blood
levels.
3. Other tests such as FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) and HBA 1C should also
be done in order to gather more data for analysis.
4. Results should be forwarded to the Department of Health and the
Bureau of Food and Drugs for expert analysis and opinion.
5. An extract derived from the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves is
also recommended to be used in the research along with a comparative
study on which is more effective, consuming the leaves as food or
consuming the extract as food supplement.
CHAPTER VI
DOCUMENTATION AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 http://www.stuartxchange.org/Kamote.html
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24629984
 http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes
 http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperglycemia/article.htm
 http://www.livestrong.com/article/169850-medicinal-uses-of-ipomoea-
batatas/
 http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=rjmp.2015.227.233
DOCUMENTATION
GLUCOMETER
PREPARING THE SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas) LEAVES
CBG (CAPILLARY BLOOD GLUCOSE) TESTING

The Significance of Ipomoea Batatas 2018

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The Significance of Ipomoea Batatas 2018

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The Significance of Sweet

Potato (Ipomoea batatas)Leaves

Arvie Cleije Curioso

A. Question or Problem Being Addressed ------------- Page 3

B. Goals/Objectives --------------------------- Page 3

C. Description in Detail of Method or Procedures -------- Page 4

D. Bibliography -------------------------------- Page 5

Abstract ----------------------------------------- Page 6

1.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 7

1.2 Statement of the Problem - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 9

1.3 Hypothesis -------------------------------- Page 9

1.4 Significance of the Study - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 10

1.5 Scope and Limitations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 10

II. Review of Related Literature and Conceptual Framework

2.1 Review of Related Literature and Related Studies --- Page 11

2.2 Conceptual Framework - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 18

2.3 Hypotheses - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 18

2.4 Definition of Terms - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 19

3.1 Research Design - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 20

3.2 Preparation of Materials - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 20

3.3 Testing Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 21

3.4 Flowchart - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 22

IV. Results, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

4.1 Recorded Data - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 23

` 4.2 Results - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 24

V. Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations

5.1 Summary of Findings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 25

5.2 Conclusions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 25

5.3 Recommendations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - Page 26

VI. Documentation and Bibliography

6.1 References/Bibliography - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Page 27

6.2 Documentation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - Page 27

A. QUESTIONS OR PROBLEMS BEING ADDRESSED

1. Will Camote tops’ (Ipomoea batatas) tea be able to significantly lower

human blood glucose levels as well as how its leaves do?

2. Will this study be beneficial to diabetic people?

3. How can this study be beneficial to the society?

4. Will this study be effective at the same time safe?

really lower blood sugar?

Moreover, this research also aims to perform the following:

1. To identify whether the content of Camote tops’ (Ipomoea

batatas) tea is able to decrease human blood glucose levels;

2. To determine the product’s benefits and effectiveness to the

community, especially to people suffering from diabetes; and,

3. To determine if the product can be recommended as a vital part

of a diabetic’s daily diet.

C. DESCRIPTION IN DETAIL OF METHOD OR PROCEDURES

GATHERING THE MATERIALS

CONSTANT VARIABLE  Amount of Camote tops’

(Ipomoea batatas) inside the

 Nutritional Content and amount

of food consumed by the

subject per meal, per day

RESPONDING VARIABLE  CBG (Capillary Blood Glucose)

MANIPULATING VARIABLE  Hypoglycemic properties of

Camote tops’ (Ipomoea

properties of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves, locally known as kamote,

which significantly lower human blood glucose levels.

suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The researchers included a variable

(CBG) levels using a prescribed, industry-standard glucometer at specific times

daily during the 7-day experiment period.

The researchers were able to observe a significant effect of the Sweet

recommends an extensive research and testing be done possibly with a more