TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.

VI

VIETNAM STANDARDS TCVN 4513:1988

Group H

Internal water supply – Design standard

This Standard shall replace TCXD18:64 “Internal water supply - Design standard”.

This Standard is applied to design internal water supply system for houses, public works, plants
and auxiliary houses of industrial factories, new construction or renovation.
Note: In designing internal water supply system, not only the regulations in this standard but other current
standards concerned shall also be complied with.

1. General regulations

Internal water supply system is designed to supply water directly to the water
consumption places.

An internal water supply system (water supplied for drinking, living activities,
production and fire-fighting) includes:

Inlet pipeline, flow-meter chamber, main pipes, branch pipes, distribution pipes to
sanitary-wares, production equipment and fire-fighting equipment.

Subject to the output of external water supply system pressure, building function and
engineering process, an internal water supply system may also comprise: pump,
pressure tank, air compressed vessel and water reservoir located inside or close to the
work.

Living activity water supply system (hereinafter called as living water supply) shall be
designed to ensure to supply water with quality conforming to quality standards
stipulated by the State to apply for drinking water.

Note:.

1. In the areas of residents and production enterprises where the supply source with drinking
water quality does not have enough capacity to meet all water using demands, it is allowed
to supply water without drinking water quality to the urinals, flush vessel, urinal chute, floor
washing taps or other similar sanitary wares.

2. In case the drinking water capacity is not sufficient and in the construction site there is
source of hot spring, after obtaining approval from the city or province level public health
authority, the hot spring water source can be used to supply for living demand.

The production water supply system shall be designed to meet technical requirements, not
corroding pipes and fittings, not causing deposits and developing clinging matters in the
pipeline.

The internal living water supply system shall be taken from the city water supply main and
shall not be connected permanently to other local living water supply sources.

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Note: In special cases, it is permitted to connect it to the local water supply systems once agreed
with the city or local water supply system management authority.

1.5 An internal water supply system is required to be designed in following cases:

a) In production establishments, except for those rules stated in 1.6 of this Standard.

b) In individual houses built with 4 floors or more and collective houses, hotels and
public facilities with from 5 floors upwards.

c) In administration offices with 6 floors or more and schools having from 3 floors
upwards.

d) In train stations, warehouses, other types of public facilities, industrial project annexes
where the building cubage is from 5000m3 upwards.

e) In cinemas, theaters, halls and clubs having from 300 seats or more.

Note:

1) If in the same building mentioned in b) and c) there are parts with different number of floors,
the fire-fighting water supply pipeline shall only be designed for the building part with
number of floors as above-stipulated.

2) In production establishments with fire-resistant rates of I and II, Class D and E, then the fire-
fighting water supply system shall only be required to be located in the areas where contain
or produce flammable materials.

3) In special cases when the rules stated in 1.5 cannot be realized, there shall be acceptance
from the Fire-Fighting and Protection Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs.

1.6 No internal water supply system is required to be designed in following cases:

a) In public bathroom, laundry

b) In production establishments where using or storing gases which once contact with
water may cause fire, explosion and fire spreading.

c) In production establishments with fire-resistant rates of I and II having internal

equipment made of non-flammable materials where fabricating, transporting and
storing products and semi-products made of non-flammable materials.

d) In production establishments of Class E, D with fire-rates of III, IV and V and with

cubage not exceeding 1,000m3

e) In warehouses made of non-flammable materials, where stores non-flammable

commodities.

f) In pump stations and wastewater treatment stations

g) In production building and annexes of an industrial work where there are no living or
production water supply pipelines and the exterior fire-fighting water supply source is
taken from river, lake, pond or water reservoir.

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
1.7 To install automatic fire fighting equipment in the buildings, as required by engineering
process.

1.8 When designing internal fire-fighting water supply system, in addition to conforming to
the regulations in this Standard, it is also required to comply with other regulations in the
Standard of “Fire fighting and protection for buildings and construction works. TCVN
2622:1978”

1.9 Pipelines, fittings, items, equipment and materials to install internal water supply system
shall conform to design requirements stated in this Standard and other current standards
and technical requirements concerned.

2. Internal water supply system

2.1 In residential buildings, public facilities, following water supply systems can be designed :

a) Combined living and fire-fighting water supply system

b) Separate living and fire-fighting water supply system or one of those two systems only.

In production establishment, following water supply systems can be designed:

Living water supply system combined with production and fire fighting water supply
system or living water supply system combined with production water supply system.

Living water supply system combined with fire-fighting water supply system or
production water supply system combined with fire-fighting water supply system.

Individual water supply systems.

2.2 The selection of internal water supply systems shall be based on feasibility study, hygienic
requirements and fire fighting and protection requirements, combined with specifications
of external water supply system and other requirements for production technology.

2.3 In production buildings and annexes of an industrial enterprise, it is allowed to design

circulating water supply system, re-using system, cooling water supply system, water-
distilling system and water-softening system, etc.

Deciding a design alternative shall be based on the requirements for production technology
and shall conform to the regulations of construction design of the fields concerned.

It is required to design circulating water supply system and water- reusing system.

2.4 For high-rise buildings, administration buildings, hotels, rest-homes, guesthouses,

production establishments, annexes it is required to study the design alternative of zoning
water supply system. The height of zoning water supply pressure shall be defined by
calculating with the maximum allowable hydrostatic pressure at the hydrants, living water
taps or at production taps as stipulated in 3.9 of this Standard.

2.5 The water supply to each zone can be carried out using pressure pump, pressure tank or
compressed air and also by directly taking water from external water supply system.

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The pressure of external water supply system shall be used to supply water for the lower
floors of the construction work.

3 Water using standard, free water pressure

3.1 The calculation standard for the maximum water daily use for the living demand in
residential buildings, public facilities, production buildings, annexes shall be taken
according to using purpose of the building, rate of sanitary equipment equipped, climate
condition and other local conditions as stated in Table 1
Note: The water using standard for once or for one of sanitary equipment in residential buildings,
public facilities, production buildings, annexes shall be taken according to Annex 1 of this
Standard.
3.2 Non-time regulating water using coefficient shall be taken as stipulated in the Standard of
“Urban water supply. Design standards:”

Table 1

Maximum daily use

Water using place Water using unit
standard, liter/day
1 2 3
Building apartment, each apartment has a tap commonly One person from 80 to 100
used for living activities.

Building apartment, each equipped with sanitary equipment One person from 100 to 150
such as shower, wash basin, toilet in a closed apartment

Building apartment, each equipped with sanitary equipment One person from 150 to 200
such as shower, wash basin, toilet and special bathroom

Building apartment, each equipped with bathtub and local One person from 350 to 400
hot water supply.

Dormitory with commonly used toilet, urinal and tap located One person from 75 to 100
at every floor

Dormitory with individual toilet, urinal and tap and kitchen One person from 100 to 120
located at every room

Hotel - Class III One person from 100 to 120

- Class II One person from 150 to 200
- Class I One person from 200 to 250
- Special class One person from 250 to 300

Hospital, rest-homes, guesthouse (with commonly used bath One bed from 250 to 300
tub and shower)

Rest-homes, guesthouse (with individual bath tub in every One bed from 300 to 400
room)

Heath-care station, polyclinic One patient 15

Public bathroom with shower One person from 125 to 150

Manual laundry 1 kg of laundry 40

Machine laundry 1 kg of laundry from 0 to 90

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
Eating company, pub

a) Processing food on the premise a dish 12

b) Processing food to take home a dish 10

Canteen one person/one meal from 18 to 25

Swimming pool in one day

a) supplementing overflowed water % of pool volume 10

b) swimming athletes (including bathing) 1 athlete 50

c) spectators 1 seat 3

Kindergarten

a) day-care 1 child 75

b) day and night-care 1 child 100

Administration office, building 1 staff from 10 to 15

Cinema 1 seat from 3 to 5

Club 1 seat or 1 spectator 10

Theater

a) audience 1 seat 10

b) actor & actress 1 actor/actress 40

General school 1 student or 1 teacher from 15 to 20

Stadium, sports complex

a) athlete (including bathing) 1 athlete 50

b) spectator 1 seat 3

Watering water

a) watering sport ground, play-yard, stand and 1m2 1.5

outdoors sports facilities, green plants, roads inside
stadium area.

b) watering football yard grass 1m2 3

Public facility attendant 1 person in 1 shift 25

Note:

1. For resident houses where daily use water is taken from street public tap or small sector, then
average standard of daily-use water for each person shall be from 40 to 60l/day.

2. The water-using standard for a bed in hospital, rest-home, guesthouse and a position in boarding
school is already inclusive of water quantity used for its canteen and laundry.

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
3. The water using standard for a staff working in an administration office, building has included
water quantity for visitor. Water for canteen is required to be supplemented by provincial authority.

4. The water-using standard for equipment/machine located inside machine laundry, eating company,
canteen and other buildings shall be as required by technical design of such equipment/machine
type.

5. The cooling water quantity of air conditioner and cooling equipment is stipulated in the above water
using standard and required to be separately calculated.

6. When taking hot water directly from heat supply network as well as from the local boiler station,
then cool water output shall be calculated with coefficient 0.7 when calculating pipeline.

7. Road watering water standard stated in Table 1 is calculated for one time of watering in a day
subject to weather condition.

8. Water output for technical equipment of treatment facilities which are not stipulated in Table 1 shall
be taken according to technical design regulations.

3.3 Water using standard and non-hour-regulating coefficient applied for eating & drinking
and living demands in production building shall be taken from Table 1 and Construction
Standards of “Urban water supply – Design standard”.

3.4 Water using standard for car washing in a garage shall be as follows:
a) for a sedan from 200 to 300 liters
b) for a van from 300 to 500 liters

Note:
1. For types of vehicle running on asphalt road, water using standard for sedan shall be applied.
2. Time for continuously washing a car shall be 10 minutes
3. The above water using standard corresponds to the case of manually washing with hose.

3.5 Water output calculated in a second of sanitary tools, diameter of pipe connected to
sanitary tools and equivalent figure shall be taken from Table 2.

Table 2

Sanitary equipment/tools Equivalent Water output Pipe diameter

figure (mm)
1 2 3 4
- Tap of wastewater basin 1 0.2 from 10 to 15
- Tap at wash basin 0.33 0.07 from 10 to 15
- Tap at urinal 0.17 0.035 from 10 to 15
- 1 m of pipe washing urinal 0.3 0.06 from 10 to 15
- Discharge valve at lavatory pan from 6 to 7 from 1.2 to 1.4 from 25 to 32
- Discharge valve at lavatory pan 0.5 0.1 from 10 to 15
- Hot & cool water mixing tab of bathtub 1.5 0.3 15
using concentrated hot water.
- Hot & cool water mixing tab of bathtub
1 0.2 15
with electric water heater.
1 0.2 15
- A tap of wash basin
0.35 0.07 from 10 to 15
- Woman’s hygienic basin (bidet and its

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
tap)
- A shower in sanitary equipment group
1 0.2 15
- A shower located in the apartment
0.67 0.14 15
- A shower in swimming pool
1 0.2 15
- A hot water tap
0.17 0.035 from 10 to 15
- Tap at wastewater basin in a laboratory
0.5 0.1 from 10 to 15
- Tap at wash basin in a room
1 0.2 15
- Watering tap
from 1.5 to 2.5 from 0.3 to 0.5 from 20 to 25

Note: In case there are no tap, fitting and galvanized steel pipes with diameter D = 10mm, then
pipes with diameter D = 15mm may be utilized.

3.6 Water using standard for production demand (technology production line, cooling,
equipment washing, floor watering, washing, etc.) and non regulating coefficient shall be
taken according to production requirements and instructions on construction design for
industrial branches.
3.7 Standard for fire-fighting water supply and number of fire-fighting hydrants in a building
shall be taken from Table 3.
Table 3

Water quantity
Number of fire-
Type of building calculated for each
fighting hydrants
hydrant (l/s)
1 2 3
Admin. buildings with height from 6 to 12 floors and a
1 2.5
cubage up to 25,000 m3
Houses with height form 4 floors upwards, hotels and
dormitory, public building from 5 floors upwards with 1 2.5
cubage up to 25,000 m3
Hospital, healthcare office, kindergarten, nursery, shop,
train station, annexes of industrial work with cubage 1 2.5
from 5,000m3 to 25,000m3.
Rooms located under stadium stand with cubage from
5,000m3 to 25,000m3 and sports complex with cubage 1 2.5
up to 25,000m3
Rest-home, pleasure-house, museum, library, design
office with cubage from 7,500m3 to 25,000m3. 1 2.5
Showroom with exhibition area under 500 m2
Meeting hall, auditorium equipped with fixed projector
1 2.5
with capacity from 300 to 800 seats.
Types of house with height from 12 to 16 floors 2 2.5
Admin. building with height from 6 to 12 floors with
2
cubage over 25,000 m3
Hotel, dormitory, rest-home, pleasure-house, hospital,
kindergarten, nursery, museum, library, showroom,
2 2.5
types of shop, train station, school with cubage over
25,000 m3
Annex of industrial work with cubage over 25,000m3 2 2.5
Rooms located under stadium stand and sports complex
2 2.5
with cubage over 25,000m3. Meeting hall with capacity
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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
from 800 seats upwards.
Theater, cinema, club, cultural house, concert with over
2 2.5
800 seats, scientific institute.
Production building except those stated in 1.6 2 2.5
Warehouse with cubage from 5,000m3 upwards storing
flammable materials or fire protection materials
2 2.5
contained in flammable packages

Note: When calculating for the use of fire-fighting equipment, it is required to apply the following:
1. If the fire-hose is made of canvas with diameter form 66mm and length of 125m, diameter of
hydrant nozzle shall be 19mm and water output 5l/s.
2. In civil areas or in auxiliary train stations, in special cases free water pressure may be
lowered to 7m, at the most disadvantageous positions.

3.8 The free water pressure required for taps and sanitary devices shall be at least 1m; for
toilet flushing valve (non discharge vessel type) shall be at least 3m; for drinking water
boiler and shower network shall be at least 4m.
3.9 Water working pressure of the sanitary devices in living water supply system shall not be
higher than 60m. In case the pipe pressure is too high, network zoning design is required.
3.10 The frequent free pressure of the fire-fighting hydrant in the building shall ensure a
densely-ejecting water column with required height as stipulated in Table 4.

Table 4

House and building features Required height of densely-ejecting water

column (m)
Houses, public facilities, annexes with fire
6
resistant rates of I, II
Houses, public facilities, annexes and production Height required to be ejected to the highest and
buildings with fire resistant rates of I, II where furthest of the building, but not less than 6m.
during production process flammable and easy-to-
cause-fire materials are used.

Note:
1. When calculating water pressure at the hydrant nozzle, it is required to calculated the headloss in
the canvas waterspout with length of 10 or 20m, hydrant ejector diameter of 13; 16; 19; 22mm.
2. For a water output of 2.5l/s, the water conduct hose shall have a diameter of 50mm, while the
diameter of hydrant nozzle shall be at least 13mm. For a water output of 5l/s, it is required to use
fire-hose with diameter of 65mm and minimum hydrant nozzle diameter of 16mm.
3. For houses where external water pressure is often not sufficient to supply water for the internal fire-
fighting hydrants, it is required to install pump to increase pressure with pump remote control
located adjacent to the fire-fighting hydrant.

3.11 The required free pressure at production equipment shall conform to technical
specification of such equipment.
4. Network and fittings of internal water supply pipelines.
4.1 For internal living water supply pipeline network, fire-fighting water supply pipeline
network, living water supply combined with fire-fighting water supply pipeline network

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
and production water supply network with the same quality as for drinking water, it is
recommended to use galvanized steel pipes once pipe diameter ups to 70mm, non-
galvanized steel pipes or cast-iron pipes when pipe diameter is over 70mm.
Note:
1. Individual living water supply pipes may be made of plastic or PVC.
2. For individual fire-fighting water supply pipes, it is allowed to use non-galvanized steel
pipes but it is not permitted to use PVC pipes for internal fire-fighting water supply.
4.2 For production water supply pipeline network without drinking water quality but with
special requirements for water such as water softening, water distillation, etc. it is allowed
to use PVC pipes, galvanized steel pipes, glass pipes and PVC-lined steel pipes.
4.3 For pipes conducting water into the building, it is required to used following types:
a) Galvanized pipes, when pipe diameter is larger than 50mm.
b) Galvanized steel pipes, when pipe diameter is from 50mm or less.
Note:
1. It is permitted to use PVC pipes for construction works without internal fire-fighting water
supply system and when pipe diameter is less than 50mm.
2. The external surface of metal pipes shall be covered with corrosion protection coating.
4.4 The steel pipes may be connected by welding, threading or with flanges.
4.5 The internal water supply system shall be designed according to:
- Closed network, if non-continuous water supply is allowed.
- Ring network or circle connection to water conduct pipe when continuous water
supply is required. At that time the ring network shall be connected to that outside the
building at least with two inlet pipes.
4.6 It is required to design at least two inlet pipes in following cases:
- There are more than 12 fire-fighting hydrants located in the house/building
- There is automatic fire-fighting equipment in the house/building
- House/building with more than 16 floors.
4.7 In case it is required from two or more inlet pipes, it is recommended to connect to various
pipe sections of the external water supply system. In the middle of external and internal
water supply networks, it is necessary to install a closing valve to ensure continuos water
supply once failure occurred to one of network pipe sections.
4.8 When installing two inlet pipes, if it is necessary to place water tank and pump to increase
pressure in the pipes, the inlet pipes shall be connected to each other n front of the pump or
check valve shall be installed.
In case on each water conduct pipe there is separate water tank, pump, it is not necessary
to connect the pipes to each other.
4.9 When the internal water supply network taking water from pressure tank located in house,
and when the inlet pipe is connected to the distribution network from the pressure tank, as
well as when there are two or more water conduct pipes connected to each other by the
internal pipe, a check valve shall be installed on the inlet pipe.
4.10 The accessories and equipment on the inlet pipe shall be located at the places where it is
easiest to inspect and repair.
4.11 The smallest distance horizontally of inlet pipe to other underground pipes is shown in
Table 5.
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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
4.12 Where the internal water supply pipeline buried underground crossing the drainage pipe,
the water supply pipe shall be located higher than the drainage one. The distance between
the outer surfaces of the two pipes on bordering side shall not be less than 0.10m.
Table 5

Minimum distance between inlet pipe (m) to

Pipe diameter (mm) Gas conduct pipe with
Drainage pipe Heat conduct pipe
average pressure
Less than 200 1.5 1.5 1.5
More than 200 3 1.5 1.5

4.13 Where the inlet pipe is connected to the city water supply main, residential area or
enterprise area, it is required to design well with closing valve. When the inlet pipe
diameter is from 40mm or less, stop valve shall be installed and it is allowed not to build
valve chamber.
4.14 When the inlet pipeline is made of cast iron and the pressure of external pipeline is higher
than 50m, then pipe supports shall be built at the turning points of the inlet pipeline.
4.15 Where the inlet pipeline going through basement wall or foundation wall,
penetrations/openings shall be pre-located.
- In dry places, the distance from the pipe top to the hole/opening top shall be 0.15m
and waterproof materials (oil-soaked jute) shall be stuffed into the hole/opening.
- In moisture soil area or where there is much under groundwater, the wall penetration
pipe section shall be welded with water-stop shield or be put in steel or cast-iron
sleeves as other waterproof measures applied. The opening dimension shall be subject
to the diameter of the wall penetration pipe.
4.16 In houses and dormitory, the distribution network of the internal water supply pipeline
shall be placed in basement, service floor, under ground trench or in the same place with
hot water pipeline, gas conduct pipeline with lids. In case there is no basement, the
distribution network of the internal water supply pipeline is allowed to be placed directly
on the ground (but coated with corrosion protection paint)
Note:
1. If the water supply pipelines are installed in the same place with other pipes in under ground
trench, then the hot water pipeline and gas conduct pipeline shall be installed higher than the
cool water supply pipeline.
2. The fire-fighting water supply main shall not be installed along metal beams/columns.
3. It is not allowed to install water supply pipeline in wind, gas and smoke ventilation pipeline.
4.17 The mains, branch pipeline, water distribution pipeline connected to sanitary
tools/equipment shall have a gradient from 0.002 to 0.005 towards the risers or water-
taking point. At the lowest points of the pipeline, water discharging equipment shall be
installed.
4.18 Risers and branch pipes of the internal water supply system shall be installed commonly
with other pipes in plant-manufactured panel box, block or hygienic service cabin. The
composition of this type shall ensure that pipes can be repaired and replaced.
It is allowed to openly install risers, branch pipes of an internal water supply system on
the partition of toilet, bathroom and kitchen where having no special requirement for
arrangement.

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
4.19 In the rooms where there are special requirements for interior arrangement, the water
supply pipeline shall be placed in underground trench or box. The external surface of
such trench, box shall be plastered with mortar or tightly built with brick. Valves placed
in underground trench or pipe box shall be left with check door to facilitate the repair and
management. The lid of the door hole may be made of steel sheet and painted in the same
color with the wall.
4.20 The main pipes, branch pipes in production building shall be installed open and placed
along the building frame, truss, beam, column and under the ceiling. In the case open
installation is impossible, it is allowed to place the water supply pipeline in the common
trench with other pipes, except for flammable or poisonous gas or liquid conduct pipes.
It is only permitted to commonly place living water conduct pipe with water drainage
pipe in dry trench.
It is allowed to place water supply pipe in separate trench in special cases with proper
reasons.
The water conduct pipes to service equipment located far away from columns/ walls may
be installed either on or under floor.
4.21 For water supply pipes placed in concrete block trench, panel, toilet room when shared
with heat supply pipes as well as when placed in high moisture rooms, it is required to
take water insulation measures to protect them against humidity.
4.22 The internal fire-fighting hydrants shall be installed close to exit/entrance, stair landing,
hall, corridor and where can be seen/used easily.
4.23 The center of indoor hydrants shall be positioned at a height of 1,25 against floor surface.
Each indoor hydrant shall have a fire-hose with length of 10m or 30m with connector and
ejector placed in a separate cabinet.
Note:
1. The fire-fighting cabinet may be embedded in the wall, mounted on wall or column but may
not affect the passage and other activities in the house/building.
2. In the same house/building, it is prohibited to use various types of fire-hose connector or
ejector or those with different diameter.
4.24 On the house-entering water supply pipeline, publicly-used taps should be installed
outside for each high-rise building block. The tap diameter shall be 20mm or 25mm.
Note: The publicly-used tap shall be located behind the building water meter.
4.25 The water closing valves of an internal water supply system shall be located in the
following places:
a) On the inlet pipeline
b) On the enclosed branch network to ensure that each pipe section can be closed for
repairing (not more than half a circle) and on the circle network of a production water
supply system, based on such a calculation that ensures to supply water to the
continuously operating equipment from both sides.
c) At the foot of fire-fighting water supply risers with from 5 hydrants upwards, and at
every fire-fighting pipe section.
d) At the foot of living water supply or production water supply risers in high-rise
buildings with from 3 storeys upwards.
e) At the branch pipes with from 5 taps upwards.

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
f) At branch pipes to each apartment, at the branch pipes conducting water to the
discharge tank/flushing vessel, and on the branch pipes conducting water to the
shower and washbasin.
g) In front of public taps and external cocks.
h) In front of special equipment/machinery (testing production, medical, etc.) if
necessary.
i) For enclosed living and fire-fighting water supply network, there shall be one closing
valve in one floor for every 5 fire-fighting hydrants.
Note:
1. When the risers encircle vertically, the closing valve shall be installed either at the foot or at
the top of the riser.
2. On the enclosed pipeline inside a building, it shall only be allowed to install two-direction
water conduct equipment.
3. The closing valves on the water supply pipeline installed via shops, public canteen and other
room compartments built combined with houses where cannot be inspected during night-time
shall be located outside the work.
4.26 The pipe fittings, accessories, water taps, mixing taps of the living water supply system
and living & fire-fighting water supply system shall be calculated with working pressure
of 60m. The fittings/accessories installed at production water supply system shall have a
working pressure as stipulated according to technical requirements.
4.27 In the areas within the city water supply network having superfluous pressure and in
multi-storey buildings, in order to reduce water pressure and to avoid waste of water on
the inlet pipeline or on the branch pipes conducting water to the water-taking points at
every floor, it is required to install additionally the following equipment:
a) When water flow is unchanged, shims (punched plate) shall be placed.
b) When water flow is changed, pressure control equipment shall be placed.
4.28 When designing an internal water supply system, it is required to take measures against
noise, vibration for the equipment, pipes and fittings.
5 Water meter
5.1 In order to measure water flow, on the pipes which conduct water into the house or each
apartment, on the branch pipes of a common water supply network or on the water supply
pipe sections to other consumption places, it is required to place water meters.
5.2 The selection of water-meter (propeller type and turbine type) to install on the inlet
pipeline should be based on the highest daily flow according to Table 6. The water-meter
to be installed on the pipes conducting water to production buildings is required to be
inspected with the highest hourly flow.
Note: In the case of supplying water for the automatic fire-fighting equipment as well as for the
individual fire-fighting water supply system, it is required to take water directly from the inlet
pipeline (not via water-meters)
Table 6

Allowed flow
Type of water Size of water Nominal flow
Highest daily Lower limit
meter meter (m3/h)
flow (m3/day) (m3/h)
Propeller 15 1 6 0.04
20 1.6 10 0.06
25 2.5 14 0.08
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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
32 4 20 0.105
40 6.3 40 0.170
50 10 60 0.220
Turbine 50 15 140 3
80 45 500 6
100 75 880 8
150 160 2000 12
200 165 3400 18
250 410 5200 50
Note: For water having temperature higher than 30oC, special type of water meter shall be used.
5.3 The pressure loss in propeller-typed and turbine-typed water meter is defined according to
the following formula:
h = S.q2 (1)
of which:
h- Pressure loss (m)
q- Calculated water flow (l/s)
S- Resistance of water meter, conforming to Table 7
Table 7

Water-meter diameter 15 20 32 40 50 80 100 150 200

(mm)
Water-meter resistance 14.4 5.1 1.3 0.32 0.265 0.00207 0.00675 0.00013 0.0000453
(m)
Note: The pressure loss when living or production water flow going through propeller-typed water-
meter shall not exceed 2.5m, through turbine-typed shall not 1m and when fire occurs shall be 5m and
2.5m respectively.
5.4 The water meter shall be placed on the external surface of the building enclosing wall, at
the house-conduct pipeline, where it is easiest to inspect and repair.
Note:
1. It is not allowed to place a water-meter in the bedrooms
2. The water meter shall be installed on the inlet pipeline, with diameter equal to or one rate
smaller than the water supply pipes.
3. In case it is impossible to install a water meter as above, it is allowed to install it outside the
building but in a separate chamber with lid on.
5.5 When there is only one inlet pipeline connected to the internal living and fire-fighting
water supply system, it is required to place a bypass which shall go in front of the meter.
The water flow going through the meter and the bypass shall be equal to the total highest
flow of living and fire-fighting water supply in the building.
Note: On the bypass, it is required to install a closing valve sealed and managed by the local water
supply authority. The closing valve shall only be open once on fire. The water meter installation
location shall facilitate manipulation and symbols or instruction plate shall be made.
5.6 The propeller water-meter shall be installed horizontally; while the turbine-typed ones may
be installed slantwise, horizontally or vertically when the water flowing direction is from
down to upwards. On each side of a water meter, closing valve shall be installed. Between
the water meter and the second closing valve (to the water flow direction), discharge valve
shall be installed. In case the turbine-type water meter is installed behind the closing valve,
it is required to connect a straight pie section with length of 5 times of the water supply
pipe diameter.

13
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
6. Water supply network calculation
6.1 Calculation for hydraulic power of the internal water supply according to the highest flow
in one second.
6.2 The living water supply network and the production water supply network used for fire-
fighting shall ensure fire-fighting water output when the living and production water supply
flow reaches the highest level in a second.
Note: When defining second flow for the fire-fighting water flow in a production building and an
annex building, the water flow used for bathing, floor washing and watering shall not be included.
6.3 The living water supply network, production water supply network and fire-fighting
water supply network shall be calculated to ensure the required pressure of sanitary
tools/equipment, fire hose and equipment located in the highest and furthest places from
the inlet pipes.
6.4 The diameter of an internal water supply pipeline shall be calculated with the maximum
using capacity of the existing pressure on the external water supply pipeline.
6.5 The water flow velocity in an internal living water supply steel pipeline in a building shall
not exceed the following values:
- In the mains and risers : from 1.5 to 2m/s
- In branch pipes connected to sanitary equipment: 2.5m/s
In case the water is used for production demand, the water velocity in the mains and risers
shall not exceed 1.2m/s.
In the case of automatic fire-fighting equipment, it shall not exceed 10m/s.
6.6 When the total equivalent number of sanitary equipment is from 20 or less, the allowable
diameter of water supply pipes shall be taken as in Table 8.
Table 8

Total equivalent number of sanitary

equipment 1 3 6 13 20
Diameter of water supply pipes 10 15 20 25 32
(mm)

6.7 The water flow calculated for a second for buildings shall be defined according to the
following formula:
q = 0.2 a√ N + KN (2)
of which
q- Water flow calculated in one second (l/s)
a- Values subject to water-using standard calculated for one person in a day taken from
Table 9
K- Coefficient subject to equivalent figure taken from Table 10
N- Total equivalent number of sanitary equipment in calculated building or area
(calculated pipe section)
Note:
1. The calculated water flow in a building/house shall be defined according to Formula 2 with
equivalent number of sanitary equipment up to 5,000.

14
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
2. The water flow in a building/house shall be defined according to Appendix 2 of this
Standard.
3. The water flow in the external water supply network located in a small section or street
shall be taken according to current water supply standards.
4. For equivalent figure of sanitary equipment, see Table 2
Table 9

Water-using standard for 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
a person l/day
Value a 2.2 2.16 2.15 2.14 2.05 2.00 1.90 1.85

Table 10

Equivalent figure Up to 300 from 301 to from 501 to from 801 to from 1201 and
500 800 1200 larger
Value K 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006
Note: In houses/buildings with central hot water supply system, the calculated flow (l/s) of water in
the hot and cool water supply network shall be defined according to Formula (2) multiplied by
coefficient 0.7.

6.8 In the case a public building is built in resident building group, then the calculated water
flow in a second shall be defined according to Items 6.9 and 6.10 of this Standard.
6.9 The calculated water flow in a second for administration offices, guest houses, hotels,
collective houses, dormitories, kindergartens, schools, education organizations, general
hospitals, public bathhouses and children’s camps shall be defined according to the
following formula:
q = α 0.2 √N (3)
of which
q- calculated water flow (l/s)
N- total equivalent number of sanitary equipment in the building or calculated pipe
section.
α – coefficient subject to the function of each type of house/building taken from Table
11.
Table 11

Type of building
Collective
Coefficient General Administration School and Hospital, rest-
Public building, guest
hospital, office, shop, education house,
bathhouse house, hotel,
clinic design institute organization children’s camp
dormitory
α 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.5

Note:
1. Calculated water flow in a second used for living demand in types of building mentioned in
Item 6.9 shall be defined according to Appendix 3.

2. Water flow in public bathhouse shall be defined according to the formula:

15
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
q = Σ qo .n.a’

Of which
q- Calculated water flow (l/s)
n- Number of sanitary equipment of the same type
a’- Simultaneous activity coefficient of sanitary equipment
For bathtub: 50%
For shower: 100%
Low shower: 100%
Washbasin: 30%

qo – Water flow of a sanitary equipment of the same type (l/s)

6.10 The calculated water flow in one second for living demand in a production building and
living rooms of an industrial enterprise, spectator’s room or compartment, sports complex,
public eating enterprise shall be defined according to the following formula:

q = Σ qo .n.p
Of which:

q- Calculated water flow (l/s)

qo- Water flow of a sanitary equipment of the same type
n- Number of sanitary equipment of the same type
p- Simultaneous activity coefficient of sanitary equipment, taken from Table 12 and Table 13.

6.11 The simultaneous activity coefficient of sanitary equipment in a production building and
living rooms of an industrial enterprise shall be subject to the number of sanitary
equipment taken according to Table 12.

6.12 The simultaneous activity coefficient of sanitary equipment in spectators’ rooms or

compartments, sports complex, public eating enterprises shall be taken from Table 13.

6.13 The calculated water flow in a second for production demand shall be defined according
to technical service design including water consumption standard.

Note: When designing production enterprises with high output, if there are economic and
technical reasons suitable with technical service requirements, the water flow is allowed to
multiplied with coefficient from 1.1 to 1.2.

Table 12

Number of sanitary equipment

Type of sanitary equipment
1 3 6 10 20 40 60 100 120
- Washbasin 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- Round washbasin with tap 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- Shower 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- Urinal with automatic flush 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
- Mounted urinal 1 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.34 0.3 0.3 0.25 0.25
- Toilet with discharge tap 1 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.005
- Toilet with flushing vessel 1 0.75 0.65 0.6 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.4

Note:

16
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
1. When defining calculated water flow in a second, the water flow of watering taps, drinking water
taps and bidets are excluded.
2. The simultaneous activity coefficient of washbasin and other equipment which are not available in
the table shall be taken according to the design technical service figures.
3. One flush vessel shall be used to automatically wash for 3 or 4 urinals.

6.14 Pressure loss due to friction inside water pipes made of steel or cast-iron shall be defined
according to the hydraulic power calculation and the following formula:

i = A.q2
Of which:
i- Pressure loss due to friction inside the pipe, on 1m of pipe length.
A- Unit resistance subject to water supply pipe diameter
q- Calculated water flow (l/s)
Table 13

Simultaneous activity coefficient of the sanitary equipment

Sanitary equipment
Cinema, meeting hall,
Theater, circus Public canteen
club, sports complex
- Washbasin 0.8 0.6 0.8
- Toilet flush vessel 0.7 o.5 0.6
- Mounted urinal 1.0 0.8 0.5
- Shower 1.0 1.0 1.0
- Canteen washbasin 1.0 1.0 -
- Dishwasher - - 1.0

6.15 The unit resistance A applied for steel pipes shall be taken from Table 14 in case when the
water velocity in the pipes is 1.2m/s or higher. When the velocity is less than 1.2m.s,
value A shall be multiplied with coefficient K. The coefficient K shall be taken according
to Table 15.
Table 14

Pipe diameter in mm A Pipe diameter in mm A

1 2 3 4
a) Flow calculated in l/s
10 32.95 50 0.001108
15 8.809 70 0.002993
20 1.643 80 0.001168
25 0.4367 100 0.000267
32 0.09386 125 0.00008623
40 0.04453 150 0.00003395

b) Flow calculated in m3/s

175 18.96 300 0.9392
200 9.273 325 0.6088
225 4.822 350 0.4078
250 2.583 400 0.2062

17
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
Table 15

Velocity in m/s 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.11 1.2
K 1.41 1.28 1.2 1.15 1.115 1.085 1.06 1.04 1.035 1.1015 1.0

6.16 When calculating internal water supply network, it is required to calculate also the local
pressure loss to be taken as pressure loss percentage caused by friction along pipe length.
a) In the living water supply network for houses and public building: 30%
b) In the combined living and fire-fighting water supply network for houses and public
building and in production water supply network: 20%
c) In the combined fire-fighting and production water supply network: 15%
d) In the fire-fighting water supply network: 10%

6.17 In the event that the water supply network is connected to several inlets, when calculating
it is required to calculate based on the condition that one of the inlets is closed. In the case
there are two inlets, each shall be calculated with 100% of fire-fighting water supply flow.
Once there are more than two inlets, each shall be calculated based on 50% of the water
flow passing.
Note: The percentage of water flow calculated for production requirement in the case one
of the inlets is closed shall be based on the feasibility study.
6.18 The pressure of the fire-fighting water column shall depend on the diameter of the water
spout (water sprinkling mouth) and operational radius of the condensed water column
taken from Table 16.
Note:
1. The operation radius of condensed water column shall be equivalent to the height of
the room, from its floor to the roof or ceiling.
2. In the case the building has several complicated blocks, then the height of the room
shall be measured from the floor to the roof or ceiling of the highest one.
3. Pressure at the fire-fighting hydrants shall be calculated for the water-cannon made
of canvas.

6.19 The pressure loss in the canvas water-cannon shall be defined following the formula:
H = Kp.q2.l
of which:
h - Pressure loss in the water-cannon (m)
q - Fire-fighting water column flow (l/s)
Kp - Resistance coefficient of the water-cannon
l - Length of the water-cannon
The Kp coefficient shall be taken as follows:
Water-cannon with diameter of 50mm – 0.012
Water-cannon with diameter of 66mm – 0.00385

18
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

Table 16

Waterspout (nozzle?) diameter (mm)

13 16 19 22
Height of Flow of Pressure of Flow of Pressure of Flow of Pressure of Flow of Pressure of
condensed 1 fire- fire-fighting 1 fire- fire-fighting 1 fire- fire-fighting 1 fire- fire-fighting
water fighting hydrants fighting hydrants fighting hydrants fighting hydrants (m)
column- water (m) when water (m) when water (m) when water when length
height of column length of column length of column length of column of water-
room l/s water- l/s water- l/s water- l/s cannon is
cannon is cannon is cannon is
10 20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
a) Water-cannon d = 50mm
6 - - - 2.6 9.2 10.0 3.4 8.8 10.4 - - -
8 - - - 2.9 12.0 13.0 4.1 12.9 14.8 - - -
10 - - - 3.3 15.1 16.4 4.6 16.0 18.5 - - -
12 2.6 20.2 21.0 3.7 19.2 21.0 5.2 20.6 24.0 - - -
14 2.8 23.6 24.5 4.2 24.8 26.3 5.7 24.5 28.5 - - -
16 3.2 31.6 32.8 4.6 29.3 31.8 - - - - - -
18 3.6 39.0 40.6 5.1 36.0 40.0 - - - - - -
20 4.0 47.7 49.7 5.6 44.0 48.0 - - - - - -
b) Water-cannon d = 66mm
6 - - - 2.6 8.8 9.0 3.4 7.8 8.3 4.5 7.8 8.6
8 - - 2.9 11.0 11.4 4.1 11.4 12.4 5.4 11.3 12.4
10 - - - 3.3 14.0 14.6 4.6 14.3 15.2 6.1 14.4 15.8
12 2.6 19.8 20.2 3.7 16.0 18.6 5.2 18.2 19.9 6.8 18.0 19.8
14 2.8 23.0 23.3 4.2 23.0 23.5 5.7 21.8 23.0 7.4 21.4 23.5
16 3.2 31.0 31.5 4.6 27.6 28.4 6.3 26.6 28.0 8.3 27.0 29.7
18 3.6 38.0 38,5 5.1 33.8 34.6 7.0 32.9 34.8 9.0 32.7 34.8
20 4.0 46.4 47.0 5.6 41.2 42.4 7.5 37.2 39.7 8.7 36.7 40.6
Note: The fire-fighting water hose pressure shall be calculated with resistance in the canvas
water-cannon.
6.20 The hydraulic calculation for automatic fire-fighting equipment shall comply with design
instruction of such equipment.

7. Water pump
7.1 In the event that the exterior water supply piping network is frequently or at times not
having enough necessary pressure to put water to the high floors of a building, it is
required to design a pressure-increasing pump station.
Note: It is strictly prohibited to install a directly sucking pump on the interior water
conduct pipe, but sucking shall be done through the regulating water tank.
7.2 Pump type and operation status shall be defined on the basis of economic and technical
comparison of the following alternatives:
- Pump is working continuously
- Pump is working periodically
19
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
- Pump is used for fire-fighting (operational only once there is fire)
7.3 It is allowed to install separately domestic water supply pump and fire-fighting water
supply pump in the same station or in combination with other buildings, but they shall be
separated by fire-proof walls and equipped with direct exits.
Note: The individual pump station shall be built with the materials which have fire
resistant categories I, II; If there is only one pump in the station, it can be installed in
buildings with fire-resistant category III.
7.4 It is not allowed to directly install pump under apartments, kindergarten rooms, school
classes, hospital treatment rooms, administration offices, university auditorium and other
similar rooms.
7.5 Pump installed in a production house/building shall be located right in the water-using
workshop. In the case a pump is installed in production compartment, design for a
protection fence shall be made.
7.6 Pump serving for a group of houses shall be located in a separate station. Large-sized
production pump (?) is required to be designed in compliance with design standards for
exterior water supply network and for buildings.
7.7 Capacity of domestic or production water pump with water tank shall be calculated
according to the maximum hourly flow. For pump without water tank, it shall be
calculated on the basis of second’s flow.
7.8 Pumps can be operated manually, by remote control or by automatic control equipment.
When a fire-fighting water pump operated by remote control, the pump operating button
shall be located adjacent to the fire-fighting hydrant where the pressure of the exterior
pipeline is not sufficient for fire fighting.
7.9 It is permitted to install fire-fighting pumps without stand-by pump in the following cases:
a) In the warehouse annex there is no automatic fire-fighting but there is a fire-fighting
water column.
b) In Class-D, E enterprises where the works having fire-resistant categories I, II or when
the exterior fire-fighting water flow not exceeds 20 l/s.
7.10 For pumps of the interior fire-fighting water supply system in buildings with water supply
area division, special buildings, cinemas, clubs, cultural houses, meeting rooms, meeting
halls and buildings equipped with automatic fire-fighting system, in addition to pump
controlling automatically or by remote controller, it is also required manual control.
Note: When automatically turning on a fire-fighting pump, signals (sound and light) shall
be issued at the same time in reception room or rooms where there are workers working
day and night.
7.11 Pumps with compressed air vessel shall be designed with automatic controller.
7.12 Pumps shall be ensured to operate smoothly in accordance with the following
requirements:
a) Working pump shall be turned on automatically.
b) Stand-by pump shall be turned on automatically if the working pump cannot operate
due to technical reason.
c) Fire-fighting pump shall be turned on automatically.

20
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
7.13 The water pump shaft shall be placed lower than the lowest level of water source. In the
event that the pump is located higher, a water-adding unit shall be equipped.
7.14 When the pump is sucking water from a tank with two or more pumps, number of suction
pipes shall be at least two. Each pipe shall ensure to take up the maximum required water
quantity for fire-fighting.
Note: It is permitted to install a suction pipe once there is no stand-by pump.
7.15 On the discharge pipe of every pump, there shall be stop valve, check valve and pressure
gauge, while on the suction pipe only a stop valve is required.
7.16 For pumps (fire-fighting, domestic use, production), it is not allowed to stop water
supplying, but to ensure a continuous power supply by connecting to two independent
power sources. If there is only one power source, it is allowed to install a stand-by pump
which is operated by explosive motor.
7.17 Pumps and electrical motor shall be located on the same shaft.
7.18 Pump shall be installed on a base which is at least 0.2m higher than the floor.
Note: Subject to the case, a production water supply pump can be installed either on
wooden frame or steel frame without needing to build a base.
7.19 The smallest distance allowed between the equipment located in a pump room shall
comply with the following regulations:
a) The distance from the side edge of the base where locating pump and electric motor to
the building wall and between the bases shall be 70mm.
b) The distance from the pump base edge on the suction pipe side to the wall surface of
the opposite building shall be 1000mm; from the pump base edge on the electric
motor side to the building wall surface it shall not be smaller than the required
distance to withdraw the rotor of the electric motor without needing to remove the
electric motor from the base.
Note:
1) Pumps with discharge pipe diameter from 100mm or more are allowed to be located
along the wall or partition without needing to have an access between pump and wall,
but such distance shall not be smaller than 200mm, measured from the building
foundation to the base.
2) It is allowed to locate two pumps on the same base without the need to arrange an
access between them, but around the foundation, there shall be a separate access not
smaller than 700mm.
7.20 The height of the pump station room with lifting equipment shall ensure a headroom from
the bottom of the lifted object to top of the equipment placed below shall not be less than
500mm.
The headroom of a pump station without lifting equipment shall be at least 2.2m.
7.21 There shall be soundproof structure for domestic water supply pump for houses and
public buildings. Pump shall be installed on a soundproof floor such as placing a buffer
made of rubber or soft wood under the pump. On the discharge and suction pipes there
shall be anti-vibration buffer with minimum length of 1m.
7.22 The internal water supply pipeline network shall increase pressure according to the option
of a pump having pressure vessel designed for production line and shall meet the
requirements of the State-owned safety inspection offices.
8. Pressure vessel and water tank
21
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
8.1 The pressure vessel shall ensure to contain a reserved water quantity to adjust the non-
regulating water status and fire-fighting water supply. It is necessary to have a separate
distribution pipeline to ensure intact fire fighting water quantity, not used for any other
purposes.
Note:
1. If in every apartment of a high-rise building there has been a separate reservoir, it is
not required to place a common pressure tank on the roof of the building.
2. In every case, the capacity of the pressure vessel shall not exceed from 20 to 25m3(?).
If such limit is exceeded, it is required to divide into small vessels, serving for a fixed
area.
8.2 The regulating volume of pressure vessel or air compressor of a water pump for domestic
use and production shall be defined according to the following formula:

Qb
W= 4.n
(8)
of which:
W - Regulating volume of water vessel (m3)
Qb - Standard capacity of a pump or the highest capacity pump of a group of pump which
are in on status (m3/h)
n - Number of maximum pump turning-on times in one hour. The value n shall be taken
as follows:
- Pump with exposed vessel : n = from 2 to 4
- Pump with air compressor : n = from 6 to 10
The large value used for pumps with small capacity up to 10KW
8.3 The pressure vessel and water tank with pressure increasing pump used for fire fighting are
required to reserve a water quantity as follows:
a) For industrial buildings: the water quantity reserved for fire-fighting shall be calculated
on the basis of time spent for extinguishing a fire by using interior fire fighting hydrant
and automatic water sprinkler, which is the first 10 minutes, once a fire occurs.
b) For civil buildings, the reserved water quantity shall ensure to provide water for fire
fighting internally within a period of 10 minutes, and shall also ensure the largest water
quantity for domestic activities.
Note: In the case of automatically controlled fire fighting pump, the reserved water for
fire fighting can be reduced and continuous fire fighting time can be calculated as 5
minutes.
8.4 The total capacity of an air-compressed vessel shall be defined according to the following
formula:
β
Vk = (9)
1-α

The total capacity of a pressure vessel with automatic fire fighting pump shall be
calculated according to the following formula:
VA = β(W + W1) (10)

22
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
of which :
VK - Total capacity of an air-compressed vessel (m3)
VA - Total capacity of a pressure vessel (m3)
W - Regulating capacity of either air-compressed vessel or pressure vessel (m3)
W1 - Capacity of fire fighting water in the vessel (m3)
α - Ratio between the smallest absolute pressure and the highest one.
The value α shall be taken from 0.7 to 0.8
β - Reservation coefficient shall be from 1.2 to 1.3

8.5 The height to install exposed pressure vessel and the lowest pressure in an air-compressed
vessel shall ensure a pressure required for all water using units. While in the fire-fighting
water supply system or combined system, it is required to ensure the required pressure at
the interior fire fighting hydrant until all the reserved fire fighting water is used up.
8.6 The pressure vessel and the air-compressed vessel shall be made of steel sheet and be
painted both inside and outside. The paint applied on the internal side of the vessel shall
ensure to meet hygienic standards and be approved by a health authority prior to using the
vessel.
Note: The exposed pressure vessel shall be designed in reinforcement concrete.
8.7 The pressure vessel shall have sufficient equipment as follows:
a) Pipe conducting water into the vessel (inlet pipe): installed with stop valve and
adjusting buoy valve. The upper edge of the conduct pipe shall be away from the lower
side of the vessel cover with a distance from 100 to 150mm.
b) Distribution pipe: connected to the vessel wall with minimum distance of 50mm (?)
installed with stop valve.(In the case that the inlet pipe and the distribution are
separate).
c) Overflow conduct pipe: located at the highest water level in the vessel. The diameter of
the funnel collecting overflow water which is placed horizontally shall be 4 times
larger than that of the water conduct pipe connected to the funnel. The diameter of the
pipe conducting overflow water shall be equal to or larger than the diameter of the pipe
conducting water into the vessel.
d) Bottom discharge pipe: connected to the vessel bottom shall be installed with stop
valve prior to being combined with the vessel overflow water conduct pipe.
e) A meter or gauge giving water level signals connected to the pump station.
Note:
1. It is possible to connect/combine the inlet pipe to the distribution pipe, but stop valve
and check valve are required to be installed on the water distribution pipe section.
2. If a water level gauge is not available, it is required to install a separate water level
signaling pipe. The upper end of such pipe shall be placed lower than the overflow
water conduct pipe invert level for approx. 5cm, and the lower end of the water level
pipe shall be in contact with the pump control panel.
8.8 In the case of a building with several pressure vessels, each vessel shall be sufficiently
equipped with required parts as stated in Item 8.7. If the vessels are interconnected, then
the pipes of the same types located at the bottom of a vessel can be connected to the same
branch pipeline.
23
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI
8.9 The fire fighting water vessel shall be equipped with water level gauge contacted to the
fire fighting staff room, service staff room or pump room.
8.10 The distance between the pressure vessels and that between the vessel walls and building
structures shall not be less than the distance specified in Table 17.
Table 17
Pressure vessel Distance between vessel wall and Distance between Distance from
shape building wall pressure vessels vessel top to the
Side w/o buoy Side with buoy upper floor
Round 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.6
Rectangular 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.6

8.11 The regulating capacity of the water reservoir serving for domestic water pressure-
increasing pumps for the building shall be defined according to the following formula:

Wsc = 1.5 Qday (11)

n
Of which
Wsc - The regulating capacity of domestic water quantity in the reservoir (m3)
Q day - The domestic water quantity used in a day for the building (m3)
n - Times of pump starting/shutting down by hand during the day.

8.12 The total capacity of the water reservoir serving for domestic water pressure-increasing
pumps for the building shall be defined according to the following formula:
Vsc = Wsc + W1 (12)
Of which
Vsc - Total capacity of the water reservoir (m3)
W1 - Capacity of fire-fighting water in the reservoir (m3)
Note: It is required to arrange the pump suction pipe in such a manner that ensures the
fire-fighting water quantity in the reservoir shall not be used for other demands such as
domestic use, production.
8.13 The water reservoir can be constructed either with reinforcement concrete or brick. The
materials to be used shall be specified according to the reservoir capacity, geological
condition and local materials supply situation, etc. The reservoir bottom shall have a slope
not less than 1% towards the sump pit.
8.14 The water reservoir can be designed in round or rectangular shapes, etc. and located either
inside or outside, above or underground.
The reservoir shall be equipped with inlet pipe, suction pipe or water distribution pipe,
overflow pipe, waste water discharge pipe, water level gauge, ventilation pipe, ladder and
door.
8.15 The air-compressed vessel shall be equipped with inlet pipe, distribution pipe, valve safety
discharge pipe, pressure gauge, water level gauge and equipment to pump and adjust air in
the vessel.
The distance from the vessel top to the ceiling shall not be less than 0.6m. The distance
between the vessels and from the vessel to the building wall shall not be less than 0.7m.

24
TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

9 Requirements for interior water supply piping network constructed in soft-soil area
9.1 The interior water supply pipe shall be located higher than the first floor surface or
basement, exposed and at a location where being convenient for maintenance and control.
9.2 For the pipe conducting water into the interior water supply system constructed in an area
where has been treated for settlement, it is allowed to design as for normal area.
9.3 It is not permitted to place an inlet pipe under a foundation, but it is only allowed to pass
the foundation wall.
9.4 Prior to installing pipes in a foundation wall or basement wall, it is required to leave a
penetration in such places. The penetration minimum dimension shall be 300 x 300mm.
The pipe location from top of the pipe to top of the penetration shall not be less than
0.15m.
9.5 It is not allowed to steadily fix the pipe in a foundation wall. After placing pipe, it is
required to chock the penetration with oil-soaked jute.
9.6 The inlet pipe shall be made of steel or plastic. It is allowed to use water supply cast-iron
pipe with joints lined with rubber to overcome any deformity occurs.
9.7 When designing piping network for interior water supply in an earthquake area; in
addition to observing the regulations in this Standard, it is also required to follow other
design standards which are separately specified for building construction in earthquake
areas.
*****

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

Appendix 1
Water-using standard for one time’s use or for a sanitary equipment

Water-using
Sanitary equipment Unit
standard (liter)
1 2 3
1. Houses
- Sitting bathtub of 1,200mm long with shower 1 time 250
- Bathtub (with shower) with length from 1500 to 1550mm 1 time 275
- Same as above with length from 1650 to 1700mm 1 time 300
- Bathtub w/o shower 1 time 200
- Shower with deep bathing tray 1 time 230
- Shower with hollow bathing tray 1 time from 100 to 120
- Washbasin 1 time from 3 to 5
- Toilet flush tank 1 time from 6 to 8
- Washbowl in kitchen 1 time from 8 to 10
- Shower in an apartment 1 time from 40 to 60
2. Public building
- Bathroom with bathtub 1 guest 500
- Bathroom with shower “ 400
- Water to clean floor of bathroom, steam-bath and 1m2 3 to 5
disinfecting room.
- Washbasin in hair-cutting room 1 hour 10
- Washbasin in dressing room or toilet “ 100
- Washbasin in doctor’s room “ from 300 to 400
- Washbasin in shop/store “ 120
- Washbasin in drugstore 1 day 60
- Washbasin in public toilet “ 600
- Toilet bowel/cistern in public toilet at a (train, airport) “ 1000
station
- Tap or washbasin in refectory, cafe, refreshment pub, 1 hour 250
confectionery stand, canteen.

3. Production building and annex

- Separate shower in domestic rooms 1 time from 40 to 60
- Shower in bathroom category 45 minutes 500

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

Appendix 2
Water flow (l/s) in a building subject to equivalent number of sanitary equipment

Water flow l/s when water-using standard of l/person/day

Equivalent 100 125 150 200 250 300 400
number When water using coefficient is unequal (m)
2.2 2.16 2.15 2.14 2.05 2 1.85
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.29
3 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.37
4 0.37 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.44
5 0.41 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.46 0.49
6 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.54
7 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.53 0.54 0.59
8 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.55 0.57 0.59 0.63
9 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.67
10 0.57 0.60 0.61 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.71
12 0.64 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.70 0.71 0.78
14 0.70 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.77 0.78 0.86
16 0.74 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.81 0.83 0.92
18 0.78 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.86 0.89 0.99
20 0.82 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.90 0.93 1.04
25 0.91 0.93 0.94 0.95 1.01 1.05 1.18
30 1.00 1.02 1.02 1.04 1.11 1.15 1.32
35 1.06 1.11 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.25 1.36
40 1.15 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.19 1.43 1.38
45 1.22 1.25 1.27 1.28 1.37 1.43 1.64
50 1.28 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.44 1.52 1.75
60 1.50 1.46 1.46 1.47 1.58 1.67 1.96
70 1.50 1.57 1.58 1.60 1.73 1.81 2.12
80 1.61 1.68 1.70 1.71 1.86 1.95 2.24
90 1.70 1.79 1.79 1.81 1.98 2.07 2.43
100 1.82 1.88 1.91 1.92 2.10 2.20 2.62
120 2.0 2.06 2.09 2.12 2.30 2.43 2.88
140 2.21 2.29 2.30 2.32 2.51 2.65 3.17
160 2.33 2.43 2.44 2.48 2.70 2.85 3.42
180 2.47 2.56 2.58 2.62 2.84 3.00 3.64
200 2.63 2.74 2.76 2.78 3.04 3.23 3.89
220 2.77 2.86 2.90 2.94 3.22 3.41 4.08
240 2.91 3.02 3.06 3.06 3.38 3.58 4.34
260 3.03 3.14 3.18 3.20 3.52 3.75 4.52
280 3.15 3.28 3.33 3.34 3.70 3.91 4.47
300 3.26 3.40 3.43 3.46 3.83 4.07 4.93
320 3.74 3.87 3.90 3.92 4.30 4.54 5.46
340 3.87 3.99 4.02 4.06 4.46 4.71 5.67
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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

360 3.99 4.12 4.14 4.20 4.58 4.88 5.88

380 4.12 4.28 4.32 4.32 4.72 5.04 6.07
400 4.25 4.42 4.44 4.48 4.94 5.20 6.40
430 4.63 4.77 4.80 4.88 5.31 5.59 6.73
500 4.93 5.06 5.06 5.16 5.51 5.17 7.14
550 5.73 5.92 5.94 6.02 6.32 6.89 8.25
600 6.08 6.26 6.30 6.34 6.90 7.30 8.68
650 6.46 6.60 6.67 6.70 7.30 7.70 9.22
700 6.76 7.00 7.03 7.06 7.70 8.09 9.69
750 7.07 7.33 7.36 7.40 8.08 8.48 10.10
800 7.40 7.63 7.71 7.80 8.36 8.86 10.56
850 8.58 8.81 8.87 8.96 9.63 10.08 11.85
900 8.93 9.19 9.22 9.30 9.99 10.50 12.28
950 9.25 9.55 9.63 9.65 10.34 10.91 12.86
1000 9.64 9.92 9.96 10.04 10.64 11.32 13.34
1100 10.20 10.46 10.68 10.78 11.56 12.14 14.83
1200 11.02 11.16 11.41 11.48 12.34 12.93 15.15
1300 13.00 13.32 13.40 13.46 14.36 15.01 17.38
1400 13.80 14.12 14.00 14.32 15.26 15.83 18.20
1500 14.54 14.90 14.98 15.08 16.02 16.74 19.10
1600 15.32 15.69 15.78 15.88 16.91 17.60 20.40
1700 16.08 16.46 16.57 16.66 17.73 18.45 21.34
1800 16.84 17.23 17.34 17.44 18.54 19.29 22.30
1900 17.58 18.00 18.10 18.21 19.35 20.12 23.24
2000 18.33 18.75 18.86 18.97 20.15 20.94 24.17
2200 19.81 20.21 20.37 20.49 21.74 22.58 26.01
2400 21.28 21.74 21.87 22.00 23.31 24.20 27.83
2600 22.73 23.22 23.35 23.48 24.86 25.80 29.62
2800 24.18 24.69 24.82 24.96 26.41 27.38 31.40
3000 25.61 26.14 26.28 26.43 27.94 28.95 33.15
3200 27.04 27.39 27.89 29.00 29.46 30.51 34.89
3400 28.46 29.03 29.18 29.34 30.96 32.06 36.62
3600 29.87 30.46 30.62 30.78 32.46 33.60 33.32
3800 31.28 31.86 32.05 32.22 33.95 35.13 40.02
4000 32.68 33.30 33.47 33.65 35.43 36.65 41.71
4200 34.07 34.72 34.09 35.06 36.90 38.16 43.38
4400 35.46 36.12 36.30 36.48 38.38 39.67 45.04
4600 36.83 37.53 37.71 37.89 39.84 41.16 47.70
4800 38.22 38.82 39.11 39.30 41.30 42.66 48.34
5000 39.60 40.32 40.51 40.70 42.75 44.14 49.97

Appendix 3
Water flow (l/s) for domestic activities and drinking demands in a building subject to
equivalent number of public building types

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

Equivalent Public General Admin. General Hospital, Hotel,

number bathroom, and non- building school rest-house, dormitory,
kindergarten resident and store children’s boarding school,
clinic camp guest house
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2 0.35 0.39 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
3 0.42 0.48 0.52 0.6 0.6 0.6
4 0.48 0.56 0.6 0.72 0.8 0.8
5 0.54 0.63 0.67 0.81 0.9 1.0
6 0.59 0.69 0.74 0.88 0.98 1.22
7 0.64 0.74 0.80 0.96 1.06 1.32
8 0.67 0.79 0.85 1.02 1.13 1.41
9 0.72 0.84 0.9 1.08 1.20 1.50
10 0.76 0.88 0.95 1.13 1.26 1.58
12 0.83 0.97 1.04 1.24 1.38 1.73
14 0.9 1.05 1.12 1.34 1.50 1.87
16 0.96 1.02 1.2 1.44 1.60 2.0
18 1.02 1.19 1.27 1.52 1.69 2.12
20 1.07 1.35 1.34 1.61 1.79 2.23
25 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.50
30 1.31 1.53 1.64 1.97 2.2 2.74
35 1.42 1.66 1.78 2.14 2.37 2.96
40 1.52 1.77 1.90 2.28 2.53 3.16
45 1.61 1.88 2.01 2.42 2.68 3.35
50 1.70 1.98 2.12 2.54 2.83 3.54
55 - 2.08 2.22 2.67 2.97 3.71
60 - 2.17 2.32 2.79 3.1 3.38
65 - 2.26 2.42 2.90 3.22 4.03
70 - 2.34 2.51 3.02 3.3 4.18
75 - 2.42 2.60 3.12 3.46 4.33
80 - 2.5 2.68 3.22 3.58 4.47
85 - 2.58 2.77 3.32 3.69 4.61
90 - 2.66 2.84 3.42 3.80 4.75
95 - 2.73 2.93 3.51 3.9 4.88
100 - 2.8 3.00 3.60 4.00 5.00
120 - - 3.00 3.94 4.38 5.48
140 - - 3.56 4.26 4.73 5.91
160 - - 3.8 4.55 5.06 6.33
180 - - 4.03 4.82 5.36 6.71
200 - - 4.24 5.08 5.65 7.07
220 - - 4.45 5.34 5.93 7.42
240 - - 4.61 5.57 6.20 7.74
260 - - 4.84 5.81 6.45 8.06
280 - - 5.02 6.02 6.69 8.36
300 - - 5.20 6.24 6.93 8.66

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TCVN 4513:1988 TTTCXDVN-T.VI

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