Q.

Explain why a ray of light passing through the centre of curvature of concave minor
gets reflected along the same path.

Ans.

The light falling on the centre of curvature is reflected back along the same path because
the incident ray falls on the mirror along the normal to the reflecting surface.

Q. What is the important function of presence of ozone in earth’s atmosphere?

Ans.

Ozone is the Earth’s natural process for all life forms. It shields our planet from the UV
radiations, as these ultraviolet rays are harmful for all the living things. Therefore, any
change in the size of this layer will automatically affect the life of people, plants and
animals living on earth.

Q. Dark reaction of photosynthesis does not need light. Do plants undergo dark reaction
at night? Explain.

Ans.

Dark reaction does not mean that it occurs in the absence of light i.e., at night. Infact, it is
the reaction occurring simultaneously with light reaction. It a chemical process occurring
independent of light. This reaction is completely based on enzymes.

Get here the complete set of CBSE Class 10 Science: Important Very Short Answer Type
Questions

Important Short Answer Type Questions

Here you will get important questions to be prepared for 3 marks answer type questions
asked in CBSE class 10 Science paper.

 Question numbers 6 to 15 in Section- C of Class 10 Science paper will be asked for

three marks each. These are to be answered in about 50 words each.

Important Short Answer Type Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Exam, are:

Q. How are we able to see distant and nearby objects clearly? Which part of eye helps in
changing curvature of lens? Why no image is formed at blind spot?

Ans.

We can see distant and near objects clearly because of the property of accommodation of
eye. Accommodation is the name given to the ability of the lens of the eye to change its
focal length and produce focused images of both distant and near objects on the retina.

Ciliary muscle helps in changing curvature of the lens. They are attached to the lens and
contract or release to change the lens shape and curvature.

No image is formed at blind spot because there are no photoreceptors, i.e., cones and
rods to detect the light and send it to brain.

Q. (a) Which property of carbon leads to formation of large number of compounds? Define
it.
(b) What is the functional group in the following molecules?
(i) CH3CH2CH2OH
(ii) CH3COOH

Ans.
(a) The two features of carbon that give rise to a large number of compounds are as
follows:

(i) Catenation: It is the ability to form bonds with other atoms of carbon.
(ii) Tetravalency: With the valency of four, carbon is capable of bonding with four other
atoms.

(b)

Compound Functional group

(i) CH3CH2CH2OH -OH (Hydroxyl group)

(ii) CH3COOH -COOH (Carboxyl group)

Q. (a) Why magnification is taken negative for real images and positive for virtual images?

(b) Why convex mirror is used in rear view mirrors and not concave mirror?

Ans.

(a) If image is real, it will be inverted which means height of image will be taken as
negative. Also, the height of object is always positive.
Now as magnification = Height of image / Height of object.

Therefore, in case of real image,

Magnification = Height of image (-) / height of object (+)=Negative.
So, Magnification will be negative.
Similarly, if image is virtual, it will be erect.

Therefore, in case of virtual image,

Magnification = Height of image (+) / height of object (+)= Positive
So, Magnification will be positive.

(b) Convex mirror is commonly used in rear view mirrors in vehicles because it gives an
erect, virtual, full size diminished image of distant objects with a wider field of view. Thus,
convex mirrors enable the driver to view much larger area which is not possible with a
concave mirror.

Get here the complete set of CBSE Class 10 Science: Important Short Answer Type
Questions

Important Long Answer Type Questions

Get here a collection of long answer type questions to be prepared for the 5 marks answer
type questions:

 Question numbers 16 to 21 in Section-D of Class 10 Science paper will be asked for

5 marks each. These are to be answered in 70 words each.

Important Long Answer Type Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Exam, are:

Q. (a) What are ‘magnetic field lines’? How is the direction of a magnetic field at a point
determined?

(b) Draw two field lines around a bar magnet along its length on its two sides and mark
the field directions on them by arrow marks.

Ans.
(a) The magnetic field lines are the pictorial representation of the strength and direction
of the magnetic field.

The direction of the magnetic field at a point can be found by placing a small magnetic
compass at that point. The north end of the needle of a compass indicates the direction
of magnetic field at a point where it is placed.

(b) Magnetic field lines of a bar magnet emerge from the north pole and terminate at the
south pole. Inside the magnet, the field lines emerge from the south pole and terminate
at the north pole, as shown in the given figure.

Q. (a) Mention the pH range within which our body works. Explain how antacids
give relief from acidity. Write the name of one such antacid.
(b) Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How does the pH will change as it turns to curd? Explain
your answer.
(c) A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk. Why does this milk
take a longer time to set as curd?
(d) Mention the nature of toothpastes. How do they prevent tooth decay?

Ans.

(a) Our stomach has pH equal to 2. Antacids neutralize the excess of acid in our body
and gives relief from hyperacidity. Sodium hydrogencarbonate is one of such antacid.
(b) pH will decrease as it turns to curd because curd is acidic due to the presence of lactic
acid.
(c) It takes longer time to set as curd as bacteria do not work well in presence of sodium
hydrogencarbonate, i.e. fermentation will take place slowly.
(d) Toothpastes are basic in nature. They neutralize the acid formed in mouth which
causes tooth decay.

Q. Atoms of eight elements A. B. C. D, E, F. G and H have the same number of electronic

shells but different number of electrons in their outermost shell. It was found that elements
A and G combine to form an ionic compound. This compound is added in a small amount
to almost all vegetable dishes during cooking. Oxides of elements A and B are basic in
nature while those of E and F are acidic. The oxide of D is almost neural. Based on the
above information answer the following questions:

(i) To which group or period of the periodic table do the listed elements belong?

(ii) What would be the nature of compound formed by a combination of elements B and
F?

(iii) Which two of these elements could definitely be metals?

(iv) Which one of the eight elements is most likely to be found in gaseous state at room
temperature?

(v) If the number of electrons in the outermost shell of elements C and G are 3 and 7
respectively, write the formula of the compound formed by the combination of C and G.

Ans.

(i) The listed chemicals belong to third period; it includes Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl& Ar.

(ii) Compound formed by the combination of B (Mg) and F (S) will result in formation of
salt called MgSO4
(iii) Compound A (Na) and B (Mg) are definitely metals as their oxides are basic in nature.

(iv) Element H (Ar), is likely to be found in gaseous state at room temperature as it is the
8th element of the group so it would have 8 electrons in its outermost shell which is the
electronic configuration of an Nobel gas.

(v) They will form AlCl3 (Aluminium chloride)

Get here the complete set of CBSE Class 10 Science: Important Long Answer Type
Questions

Important Practical Based Questions

Here you will get the important questions based on practical skills. From this year onwards
CBSE class 10 Science paper will have a separate section consisted of practical based
question only.

 Question numbers 22 to 27 in Section- E Class 10 Science paper will be based on

practical skills. Each question will be asked for two marks. These are to be answered
in brief.

Q. Mention the essential material (chemicals) to prepare soap in the laboratory. Describe
in brief the test of determining the nature (acidic/alkaline) of the reaction mixture of
saponification reaction.

Ans.

Raw Materials Required For preparation of soap in laboratory are :

 Vegetable oil

 Sodium Hydroxide

 Commom salt
Test to determine the nature of reaction mixture: When a red litmus paper is dipped in the
reaction mixture, the paper changes its colour to blue. Hence, the reaction mixture of the
saponification reaction is basic in nature.

Q. Write two precautions to be taken while identifying different parts of an embryo of a

dicot seed.

Ans.

(i) The slide should be properly focused.

(ii) Slide should be observed first under low-power magnification and then under high-
power magnification of the compound microscope.

Q. A student is to conduct an experiment to show CO2 is released during respiration. List

two precautions that he/she must take for obtaining correct observation.

Ans.

Two precautions to be taken are:

(i) Germinating seeds (living) should be used.