UCSP TEST POINTERS

Evolution – is a natural process of biological changes occurring in a population across successive generations.
Species – is a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
Homo Habilis – Species with a brain of a brocas area which is associated which speech in modern humans and was the first to make stone tools.
- Also knows as the “Handy Man“
Homo Rudolfensis – Species characterized by a longer face , larger molar and premolar teeth, and having a larger braincase.
- Lived about 1.9 to 1.8 million years ago.
Homo Erectus-The species name means “Upright Man” with body proportions similar to that of modern humans.
- They were the first hunters with improvised tools such as axes and knives, and were the first to produce fire.
Homo Heidelbergenesis- Species with large brow ridge and short wide bodies that lived about 700,000 to 200,000 years ago in Europe and Africa.
- They were the first of early human species to live in colder climates, first to hunt large animals on routine basis using spears, and first to
construct human shelters.
Homo Floresiensis- Species nicknamed “Hobbit” due to their small stature with a height of more or less 3 feet and lived 95,000 to 17,000 years ago in the island
of Flores, Indonesia along with other dwarfed animal species.
Homo Sapiens- The species means “Wise Man” that appeared from 200,000 years ago.
- The present human race belongs to this species.
Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis- Subspecies with short yet stocky in body build adapted to winter climates especially in icy cold places in Europe and Asia.
- The first to practice burial of their dead, hunting and gathering food, and sewing clothes from animal skin using bone needles.
Homo Sapiens Sapiens- Subspecies knowns as Cro-Magnon characterized to be anatomically modern humans and lived in the last Ice Age of Europe from 40,000
to 10,000 years ago.
- They were the first to produce art in cave paintings and crafting decorated tools and accessories.
Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)- Traditionally coincided with the first evidence of tool construction and use by Homosome 2.5 million years ago.
- Use of simple pebble tools, learned to live in caves, discovered the use of fire.
- Developed small sculptures and monumental painting, incised designs, and reliefs on the walls of caves. Food collecting cultures
Neolithic Age (New Stone Age)- Occurred sometime about 10,000 BCE. Stone tools were shaped by polishing or grinding. Settlement in permanent villages.
Dependence on domesticated plants or animals.
- Appearance of such crafts as pottery and weaving. Food producing cultures.

UCSP TEST POINTERS

Evolution – is a natural process of biological changes occurring in a population across successive generations.
Species – is a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
Homo Habilis – Species with a brain of a brocas area which is associated which speech in modern humans and was the first to make stone tools.
- Also knows as the “Handy Man“
Homo Rudolfensis – Species characterized by a longer face , larger molar and premolar teeth, and having a larger braincase.
- Lived about 1.9 to 1.8 million years ago.
Homo Erectus-The species name means “Upright Man” with body proportions similar to that of modern humans.
- They were the first hunters with improvised tools such as axes and knives, and were the first to produce fire.
Homo Heidelbergenesis- Species with large brow ridge and short wide bodies that lived about 700,000 to 200,000 years ago in Europe and Africa.
- They were the first of early human species to live in colder climates, first to hunt large animals on routine basis using spears, and first to
construct human shelters.
Homo Floresiensis- Species nicknamed “Hobbit” due to their small stature with a height of more or less 3 feet and lived 95,000 to 17,000 years ago in the island
of Flores, Indonesia along with other dwarfed animal species.
Homo Sapiens- The species means “Wise Man” that appeared from 200,000 years ago.
- The present human race belongs to this species.
Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis- Subspecies with short yet stocky in body build adapted to winter climates especially in icy cold places in Europe and Asia.
- The first to practice burial of their dead, hunting and gathering food, and sewing clothes from animal skin using bone needles.
Homo Sapiens Sapiens- Subspecies knowns as Cro-Magnon characterized to be anatomically modern humans and lived in the last Ice Age of Europe from 40,000
to 10,000 years ago.
- They were the first to produce art in cave paintings and crafting decorated tools and accessories.
Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)- Traditionally coincided with the first evidence of tool construction and use by Homosome 2.5 million years ago.
- Use of simple pebble tools, learned to live in caves, discovered the use of fire.
- Developed small sculptures and monumental painting, incised designs, and reliefs on the walls of caves. Food collecting cultures
Neolithic Age (New Stone Age)- Occurred sometime about 10,000 BCE. Stone tools were shaped by polishing or grinding. Settlement in permanent villages.
Dependence on domesticated plants or animals.
- Appearance of such crafts as pottery and weaving. Food producing cultures.
Socialization – is a continuing process whereby an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behavior, and social skills appropriate to
his or her social position.
Social Status – refers to the position of an individual occupies in society and implies an array of rights and duties.
Conformity – behavior that is the same as the behavior of most other people in a society. Trying to “Fit-In”.
Deviance – different from what is considered to be normal or morally correct. A contrast to Conformity.
Society – is a social system that is composed of people assigned to perform a definite task and function in a social system called social institution.
Social Control – refers to the efforts of a group or society to regulate the behavior of its members in conformity with established norms.
Human Rights – are natural rights of all human beings whatever their nationality, religion, ethnicity, sex, language, and color.
Natural Rights – these rights are inherent to man and given to him by GOD as a human being.
Constitutional Rights – These are the rights guaranteed under the fundamental charter of the country.
Statutory Rights – These are rights provided by the lawmaking body of a country or by law.
Civil Rights – These are rights specified under the Bill of Rights
Economic Rights – These are rights to property, whether personal, real, or intellectual.
Political Rights – There are rights an individual enjoys as consequence of being a member of a body politic.
Group – is constituted by two or more persons who interact together and are together physically.

CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN SOCIETY

1. It is a social system.
2. A society is relatively large.
3. A society recruits most of its members from within.
4. A society sustains itself across generations.
5. A society member’s share a culture.
6. A society occupies a territory.
TYPES OF SOCIETIES
1. Hunting and Food Gathering Societies
2. Horticultural Societies
3. Pastoral Societies
4. Agricultural Societies
5. Industrial Societies
6. Post-Industrial Societies

2 TYPEFS OF FARMING
1. ubsistence Farming
2. Surplus Farming
Agents of Socialization
1. Family
2. School
3. Church
4. Peer Group
5. Work Place
6. Mass Media
Different Types of Conformity
1. Compliance
2. Internalization
3. Identification
4. Ingratiational
Functions of Deviance
1. Deviance serves as an outlet for diverse forms of expressions.
2. Deviance serves to define the limits of acceptable behavior.
3. Deviance may also promote in-group solidarity
4. Deviance can serve as a barometer of social strain.

Sociological Theories of Deviance

1. Functionalist Theory
2. Strain Theory
3. Control Theory
Social Control of Deviance
Three Requirements of a Group
1. There must two or more people.
2. There must be interaction.
3. The members of the group must be together physically
Socialization – is a continuing process whereby an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behavior, and social skills appropriate to
his or her social position.
Social Status – refers to the position of an individual occupies in society and implies an array of rights and duties.
Conformity – behavior that is the same as the behavior of most other people in a society. Trying to “Fit-In”.
Deviance – different from what is considered to be normal or morally correct. A contrast to Conformity.
Society – is a social system that is composed of people assigned to perform a definite task and function in a social system called social institution.
Social Control – refers to the efforts of a group or society to regulate the behavior of its members in conformity with established norms.
Human Rights – are natural rights of all human beings whatever their nationality, religion, ethnicity, sex, language, and color.
Natural Rights – these rights are inherent to man and given to him by GOD as a human being.
Constitutional Rights – These are the rights guaranteed under the fundamental charter of the country.
Statutory Rights – These are rights provided by the lawmaking body of a country or by law.
Civil Rights – These are rights specified under the Bill of Rights
Economic Rights – These are rights to property, whether personal, real, or intellectual.
Political Rigths – Therse are rights an individual enjoys as consequence of being a member of a body politic.
Group – is constituted by two or more persons who interact together and are together physically.

CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN SOCIETY

1. It is a social system.
2. A society is relatively large.
3. A society recruits most of its members from within.
4. A society sustains itself across generations.
5. A society member’s share a culture.
6. A society occupies a territory.
TYPES OF SOCIETIES
1. Hunting and Food Gathering Societies
2. Horticultural Societies
3. Pastoral Societies
4. Agricultural Societies
5. Industrial Societies
6. Post-Industrial Societies

2 TYPEFS OF FARMING
1. ubsistence Farming
2. Surplus Farming
Agents of Socialization
1. Family
2. School
3. Church
4. Peer Group
5. Work Place
6. Mass Media
Different Types of Conformity
1. Compliance
2. Internalization
3. Identification
4. Ingratiational
Functions of Deviance
1. Deviance serves as an outlet for diverse forms of expressions.
2. Deviance serves to define the limits of acceptable behavior.
3. Deviance may also promote in-group solidarity
4. Deviance can serve as a barometer of social strain.

Sociological Theories of Deviance

1. Functionalist Theory
2. Strain Theory
3. Control Theory
Social Control of Deviance
Three Requirements of a Group
1. There must two or more people.
2. There must be interaction.
3. The members of the group must be together physically.