Energy

Aerospace & Defense

Industrial

Pipeline Engineering

Kevan Hunt
Regional Sales Manager

June , 2018
Pipeline Engineering overview
 Founded in 1969
 Acquired by Circor International in 2009
 Worldwide operational capability
 Head Office and manufacturing / fabrication in Catterick UK, plus manufacturing
facilities in the Middle East
 Service Centres in UK (Aberdeen) and Middle East (Dubai)
 Regional offices in Houston, Dubai,
 Current staff total – 65
 New Manufacturing / Fabrication
Plant Houston opened 2018
 New Aberdeen Service Centre 2017
 What we do….

 Pigging Products
– Foam
– Metal Bodied
– Solid Cast
– Spheres
– Specialty

 Machined Products
– Pressure Vessels
– Closures
– Signallers
– Pig Trolleys

 Engineered Solutions/Field
Services
– Pipeline Cleaning Services
– Pig Prototyping and Testing
– Flange and Joint Testing
– Pig Trap Surveys and
Maintenance
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How We Do It…..
Quality and Training

 Highly Skilled Field Engineers and Project Managers, with over

20 years experience in pipeline pigging.

 Field Technicians trained to ASNT ILI PQ/API 1163 standards

 Highly trained data analysts

 Pipeline Engineering is fully compliant and certified to: ISO 9001,

ISO\TS29001, ISO 14001, BHSAS 18001

 ATEX certification: Ex II 2G II T3, ATEXZ QAN, ISO/IEC 80079-34

PECAT™

The Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of

Cleaning Programmes
Why Carry Out A Cleanliness Assessment?

 Why would an operator want to measure debris?

– ... to ensure the pipeline cleaning programme is efficient, in advance
of ILI programme and also to maintain flow

 Why does this matter?

– Ensuring successful ILI surveys (first run success rate)
– Ensuring effective cleaning and treatment programmes

 The presence of internal debris can compromise integrity

management programmes
PECAT™ Design Considerations

Two current design philosophies:

 Direct measurement

– Localised estimates only

– Not able to differentiate between debris types
– No information on other (geometry) defects

 HR (High Resolution) Caliper

– Mature technology
– Dependent on accurate information on pipeline diameters
– Not able to differentiate between debris types
– Susceptible to noise signals at low levels (< 2mm)
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PECAT™ Design Specification

 Suitable for lines sizes 12” and above

 Can negotiate 1.5D bends
 Crash bore 80% OD at 3D bends
 Capable of pigging speeds up to 7m/s
 Data logging by distance (odometers) or time based
 Operating Range 100 hours *
 Maximum operating pressure 150bar
 Minimum operating temperature 0°C
 Maximum operating temperature 70°C
 ATEX compliance with ISO/IEC 80079-34

* Operating range is based on various parameters and single battery mode

System Solution
 Proximity measurement
 Arm-mounted magnetic sensing technology
 HR Caliper
Sensor Arms
Sensor Odometer
Inc Caliper
Springs Springs

Pressure
Odometer
Vessel
System Solution
 Proximity measurement
 Arm-mounted magnetic sensing technology
 HR Caliper
Sensor Arms
Sensor Odometer
Inc Caliper
Springs Springs

Pressure
Odometer
Vessel
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Measurement Capability

 Using Hall effect sensors combined with small permanent magnets

 Measure features which are in the range of 0 – 20mm

 HR Caliper measuring from 1 – 60mm deflection

 Any inline non-ferrous debris present on the internal surface of a

pipeline

 Types of debris detected:

− Wax (hard and soft)

− Scale
− Sand/Sand in wax

 Would not recommend this type of tool to detect hydrates, as the

risk of blockage is too great
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Operation of main sensors

Clean pipe surface Debris field

Magnetic field Magnetic field
Magnet Magnet
N N

S S
Potting Hall Device Potting
Hall Device

Base Metal Sledge Base Metal Pipeline Debris

(Pipe wall) (Pipe wall) Sledge

 Magnetic field passes through  Magnetic field passes through

pipeline internal surface
 Field passes through Hall device,
and back to the magnet
 Clean pipe produces no “Offset” in
the magnetic field return signal
debris and pipeline internal surface
 An “Offset” is produced in the
return signal, detected by the Hall
device
 The signal is processed and
analysed post inspection
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Caliper sensors
 Caliper operation depends on measuring angle between arm and
pipe wall.
 As the arm is pushed in, the angle decreases
 The magnetic sensor similar to main sensor, detects this angle.
 Sum of readings on opposite arms measure pipe bore
 Sensor arms are calibrated prior to launch
 This signal is processed and analysed post inspection

Magnetic sensor in the

base detects changes
to the sensor arm As sensor arm
angle moves, the angle is
measured
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PECAT™

Testing and Data Verification

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Loop Testing

 Test Section
 4 flanged sections
– 1-off with 5 simulated dents, ranging from 2% to 25%
– 2-off each with 2 PU liners, ranging in thickness from 5 to 20mm in
5mm steps
– 1-off make up spool, to bring length up to 10m

PU Liners
inserted inside
pipe spool
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Loop Testing

Petrofac Pipe-loop Facility, Montrose

Parameter Unit 10” Pipeline

OD m 0.273

WT m 0.0078

ID m 0.2574

Length of Pipeline m 1000

Unit Volume m3m-1 0.052

Total Pipeline Volume m3 52.035

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Loop Testing

Debris Sensor Readings in Test Spool

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Loop Testing - 3D Imaging

Test Spool

3% Dent
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Test Spool Data – 3D Imaging

Pipeline 12% Dent Test Data

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Clean Pipe – 3D Imaging
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Clean Signal (real data)
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Loop Testing - Summary

• 15 test runs at various speeds

• Mechanical robustness of tool design tested

• Capability of measurement systems established

• Sub-millimetre accuracy achieved on artificial debris measurement

• Repeatability of measurement established

• Basic Caliper functionality demonstrated

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PECAT™

In Service Track Record

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Track Record - Selected PECAT™ Applications

Technology Customer Project Location Scope/Description Year

PECAT™ Fairfield Dunlin – Cormorant A UK 24” Pipeline. Pre-ILI debris assessment and dent ovality 2016
calliper measurement.

PECAT™ Fairfield Dunlin – Cormorant A UK 24” Pipeline. Progressive cleaning campaign and 2015
cleanliness assessment.

PECAT™ EnQuest Heather - Ninian UK 16” Pipeline. Pre-inspection cleaning followed by 2014
PECAT™ cleanliness assessment

PECAT™ ENI Lennox- Douglas UK 14” Pipeline. Pre-inspection cleaning followed by PEC 2014
AT™ cleanliness assessment

PECAT™ BP Azeri Caspian 30” Pipeline. Data logger run to record vibration and 2014
differential pressure

PECAT™ BP Greater Plutonia Angola Pre-inspection cleanliness verification. 12” Northern 2012
pipeline 48km, Southern pipeline 23km

PECAT™ EnQuest Thistle - Dunlin North Sea 16"x 12 km progressive cleaning programme with 2012
PECAT survey

PECAT™ EnQuest Thistle - Dunlin North Sea 16"x 12 km Pre cleaning PECAT survey followed by 2010/2011
progressive cleaning programme and post cleaning
PECAT survey

PECAT™ Talisman Energy Arbroath - Montrose North Sea 10” x 9km PECAT survey through an oil pipeline 2010

PECAT™ EnQuest Heather-Ninian North Sea 16"x 12 km Pre cleaning PECAT survey followed by 2010
progressive cleaning programme and post cleaning
PECAT survey

PECAT™ Marathon East Brae-Brae Alpha North Sea 18"x 25km PECAT survey 2010
 PECAT™ – Pre-inspection Cleaning
Project Summary
Location UK North Sea
Pipeline Size 16” Pipeline
Pipeline Length 32km
Pipeline Media Crude Oil
Pipeline Features Flexible Pipe Section

Project Requirement

• Heavy wax build-up had resulted in previous

in-line inspections failing to produce effective
data

• Operator wanted assurance that the line was

clean prior to commencing another inspection
run

Project Solution

• Progressive Cleaning implemented

• Gauging Pig sent through the line
• PECAT™ run – results showed no significant
quantities of debris left in the line
S34258–05/14

• PECAT™ objective achieved - ILI tool run

with a full set of results being recorded
 Pipeline Cleaning & Pre-inspection Cleaning

Project Summary

Location UK

Pipeline Size 14” Pipeline

Pipeline Media Crude Oil

Pipeline Features 5D Bends, Barred Tees

Project Requirement

• Pipeline cleaning prior to an ILI

• Waxy crude oil resulting in large build-up on
pipewall
• Routine pigging with foam pigs had failed with
pig breaking up in the line
• Most likely cause – Heavy wax

Project Solution

• Progressive Cleaning Philosophy developed

• Pig cleaning sequence - Foam pigs, flexible
metal bodied pigs, gauge pig
• PECAT™ run – results showed less than 1mm
of wax left on 29km of the 32km of the pipewall
S32059–06/14

• Objective achieved - Pipeline ready for ILI

 2016 Cleaning and inspection campaign

Project Summary

Location UK

Pipeline Size 24” Pipeline

Pipeline Media Crude Oil

Pipeline Features 5D Bends,

Project Requirement

• Pipeline analysis prior to an ILI run

• Check to see if Cleaning required.

Project Solution

• PECAT™ run – results showed less than ~2

mm of debris on the pipe wall.
• PECAT™ run shows an area of major concern
approximately 31.58km from launch.
• PECAT™ callipers had detected a 2+%
reduction in ID.
S32059–06/14
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PECAT™

Post Inspection Data Analysis and

Reporting
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PECAT™ - Post Inspection Data
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Data assessment
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Caliper data assessment
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Dirty Pipe – 3D Imaging
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In-line Features – 3D Imaging

Offtakes

6 o’clock Drain
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Localised Features – 3D Imaging

3D Anomaly Visualisation
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Data Interpretation

 Positioning from odometer data

 Position benchmarked by reference to pipeline features (Weld count,

expansion spools, tee-pieces, etc)

 Regions with significant debris identified from overview plots

 Detailed examination of these regions performed

 Debris amounts quantified and reported

 Pipeline geometry checked and reported

 Differential Pressure, Temperature, and velocities reported

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Data Visualisation & Reporting
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Data Visualisation and Reporting

Single-arm Response

Debris Volume (m³)

KM Survey #1
1 7.83
2 8.02
3 10.87
4 8.43
5 5.21
6 4.32
7 4.21
8 3.24
9 2.98
10 1.43
11 1.04
End 1.21
Total 58.79
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Assessment of Progressive Cleaning
1st PECAT™ Run 2nd PECAT™ Run

Debris Volume (m³) Debris Volume (m³)

KM Survey #1 KM Survey #1
1 7.83 1 0.14
2 8.02 2 0.12
3 10.87 3 0.15
4 8.43 4 0.13
5 5.21 5 0.15
6 4.32 6 0.13
7 4.21 7 0.17
8 3.24 8 0.12
9 2.98 9 0.32
10 1.43 10 0.11
11 1.04 11 0.13
End 1.21 End 0.14
Total 58.79 Total 1.81
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Summary

 The technology is field proven

 Direct measurement using magnetic technique

 HR Caliper to API 1163 spec

 Integrate into pipeline cleaning process

 Reduced failure ILI rates due to cleanliness issues

 Potential cost savings to customers

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Questions?
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