Waterway Calculation for Major Bridge

Bridge Site Details

1 Section = NGP-SEGM
2 Bridge No. = 767/1
3 Chainage = 7071 m
4 Km CH. 0 from CSTM = 767.641 Km
5 Existing Opening 3 x 6.5 RCC Box
- No. of Span = 3
- Length of Span = 6.5 m
6 Proposed Opening 2 x 9.15 PSC Slab
- No. of Span = 2
- Length of Span = 9.15 m
Design Data
1 Name of Hydrometerological Sub-Zone = 3f Lower Godavari
2 Name of Tributary
3 Shape of Catchment Fern Shape
4 Location - Latitude = 20°45'23.65"N
- Longitude = 78°40'59.42"E

Physical Characteristic of the Catchment

1 Catchment Area (A) = 24.71 Km2
2 Length of Longest Stream Course from = 11.87 Km Refer
source to the Bridge Site (L) TopoSheet
5 Height of Farthest point above the point of= 55.067 m
interest along the river (H)
6 Nature of Soil = Black Cotton Soil

Bridge Parameters
7 Average Bed Level = 234.933
8 OHFL as per Bridge Register = 238.048
9 Existing Bottom of Slab/Girder = 239.928
10 Proposed bottom of Slab/Girder = 241.735
11 Existing Formation Level = 242.538
12 Proposed Formation Level = 242.605
13 Existing Rail Level = 243.228
14 Proposed Rail Level = 243.343
Bridge No. 767/1
Sr. No. Hydraulic Data Values Unit
1 Catchment Area 24.71 Km2
2 Design Discharge 245.237 m3/s
3 Velocity 2.830 m/s
4 WaterWay Requirment 86.660 m2
5 OHFL as per Bridge Register 238.048 m
6 CHFL 239.373 m
7 Average Bed Level 234.933 m
8 Free board -Existing Bridge. w.r.to CHFL 2.958 m
Free board -Proposed Bridge. w.r.to CHFL 3.025 m
9 Free board -Existing Bridge. w.r.to OHFL 4.490 m
Free board -Proposed Bridge. w.r.to OHFL 4.557 m
10 Vertical Clearance - Existing Bridge. w.r.to CHFL 0.555 m
Vertical Clearance - Proposed Bridge. w.r.to CHFL 2.362 m
11 Vertical Clearance - Existing Bridge. w.r.to OHFL 1.880 m
Vertical Clearance - Proposed Bridge. w.r.to OHFL 3.687 m
12 Length of Longest Stream Course from Source 11.87 Km
13 Height of Farthest Point 55.07 m
14 Sub-Zone 3f
15 Nature of Soil Black Cotton Soil
16 Max Depth of Scour from CHFL m
17 Scour Level m
Flood Estimation
Improved Rational Formula

Q₅₀ = 0.278 x C x I x A

Where,
Q₅₀ = Design Flood (m3/s) for 50 year return period
C = Runoff coefficient between 0 and 1.0
A = Catchment Area (Sq.Km)
I = 50 yr Rainfall intensity in mm/h lasting for tc hour
duration, where tc-time of concentration

Runoff Coefficient C
The value of 'C' depends on the nature of soil,soil cover and location of
catctment and may be taken as under :-

Formula to obtain Runoff Coefficient "C"

Description of catchment Formula for 'C'

a) Sandy soil/sandy loam/arid areas C = 0.249 (R x F) 0.20
b) Alluvium/silty loam/costal area C = 0.332 (R x F) 0.20
Red soil/clayey loam/gray or
c) brown,alluvium/cultivated plains/tall C = 0.415 (R x F) 0.20
crops/wooded areas.

Black cotton/clayey soil/lightly

d) covered/lighted wooded/plain & C = 0.456 (R x F) 0.20
barren/submontara & plateau.
e) Hilly soils/plateau & barren. C = 0.498 (R x F) 0.20

where R = 50 Year '24 hour' point rainfall (cm)

F = Areal reduction factor depending upon catchment area & duration of
rainfall from table below.

Catchment area Duration of Rainfall

( sq.km ) < 30 min. 30 to 60 min. 60 to 100 min.
< 2.50 0.72 0.81 0.88
> 2.50 < 5.00 0.71 0.80 0.87
> 5.00 < 13.00 0.70 0.79 0.86
> 13.00 < 25.00 0.68 0.78 0.85
NOTE :- Rainfall duration shall be equal to the calculated 'Tc' for the catchment.

Calculation of Time of Concentration 'tc

 0.345 0.345
Time of concentration 'tc = L3 = 1672.45
H 55.07

tc = 3.246751 hrs
tc = 194.805 mins
Where:-
L=Length of Longest Stream
H=Height of farthest above the point of interest along the river.

Runoff Coefficient C

R=50 yr 24 hrs Rainfall Ref. Plate 8 from CWC report of Subzone 3f

R = 25.3 cm
F = 0.850 Ref. above table

C = 0.456 ( Rx F)^0.20
C = 0.840

Calculation of Intensity of rainfall :-

i) Tc h ratio ( from map fig 4 of RBF (16) is based on time concentration =

& Ratio of 50yrs T hrs Rainfall / 50yrs 24hrs Rainfall)
ii) 1 h ratio ( from map fig 4 of RBF (16) is based on time concentration =
& Ratio of 50yrs T hrs Rainfall / 50yrs 24hrs Rainfall)
Tc h ratio 0.570
iii) Coeff. K' = = =
1 h ratio 0.380
iv) 50 year 24 hrs rainfall from plate 8 of cwc report =220x1.15 =
v) (a) R 50 ( 1 ) = Ref. Fig. No.3.6 of RBF-16 = 1.15 x 80 =
vi) (b) R 50 ( Tc) = K xR50 (1) = 1.50 x 92.000 =
R50 (tc) 138.00
vii) Intensity of Rainfall (I) = R = =
tc 3.247

Design flood discharge :-

Q₅₀ = 0.278 x C x I x A
Q₅₀ = 0.278x0.84x42.5x24.71
Q₅₀ = 245.237 m3/s

A. Velocity Calculation of Existing Bridge m

Velocity by Discarge (V) = Q / A

1/𝑛 𝑥 �^(2/3) �^(1/2)

 1/𝑛 𝑥 �^(2/3) �^(1/2)
Velocity by Mannig's Equation (V)=

Where Q-Discharge
A-Area of across the River=BxY
R=A/P = Area/ Perimete=BxY/(B+2Y)
S-Slope at Bridge Site

a) Discharge (Q50) = 245.240

b) B (total width of Existing opening) = 3 x 6.5
c) Mannnings Coeff (n) - Open Channel Hydraulics by Van Te Chow = 0.05
d) Slope of stream (as per Site Survey of River - Level Diff at 100m 0.004545
u/s Side is = 235.188-234.733 = 0.0.455m)

Equate V Assume Y= 4.450

1/𝑛 𝑥 �^(2/3) �^(1/2)
Q/(BxY) =
245.24/(3 x 6.5x4.45) = 1/0.05x(3 x 6.5x4.45)/(3 x 6.5+2x4.45)^2/3x0.004545^1/"2
2.83 m/sec = 2.84 m/sec

OK

Check for Velocity

�/√𝑔�
Froud No. (Fr) = = 0.429701 < 1

Flow is Sub-Critical

B. Checking for adequacy of waterway provided For Existing Bridge:-

a) Discharge (Q) = 245.240

b) Mean velocity ( allowed ) (V) = 2.830
c) Average waterway required = Q/V = 245.24/2.83 = 86.66
d) Exsisting opening = 3 x 6.5 = 19.5
e) Ht.of water = Ave. waterway/Exist. opening = 86.66/19.5 = 4.440
f) Average Bed level = 234.933
g) OH.F.L. = 238.048

As Waterway requirment fullfilled , hence there is no contraction in waterway at c/s of Ex. Bridge
Therefore Afflux at bridge section will be zero.

h) Therefore C.H.F.L .= Bed Level + Height of Water = 239.373

i) Vertical Clearance required as per Br.Sub.Struc.Code = 1.077

j) Required Bottom of Slab/Girder = CHFL + Vertical Clearance = 240.450

k) Existing Bottom of Slab/Girder = 239.928
 l) Hence provided Proposed Bottom of Slab/Girder = 241.735

Vertical Clearance w. r. to CHFL

m) Vertical Clearance available for Proposed Bridge=BOG-CHFL = 2.362
Vertical Clearance w. r. to OHFL
n) Vertical Clearance available for Proposed Bridge=BOG-OHFL = 3.687

As Existing Bridge is RCC Box. Therefore Vertical Clearance requirement is Zero for Existing Bridge.

Free Board at U/S Side of Ex. Bridge should be estimated including afflux, Because Waterway requirment not f
at U/S Side of Ex. Bridge.
o) Calculation of afflux For Exsisiting Bridge
- Velocity of flow (V) = 2.830
- Unobstructed sectional area of river (A) = 126.1404
- (Clear distance between abutment x Height)
- Obstructed sectional area of river (a) = 104.8284
- Afflux = [�^2/17.88+0.01524]𝑥[ 〖 (�/ = 0.207
�)^2 〗− 1]

p) Required free Board as per Br. Sub Struct. Code = 1

Formation Level
q) Minimum Formation Level Required = CHFL+Afflux+Free Board = 240.580
r) Existing Formation Level = 242.538
s) Hence Proposed Formation Level = 242.605

Free Board w. r. to CHFL

t) Free Board of Proposed Bridge = F.L. - (CHFL+Afflux) = 3.025
Free Board w. r. to OHFL
u) Free Board of Proposed Bridge = F.L. - OHFL = 4.557
0.570

0.380

1.500

253 mm
92.00 mm
138.00 mm

42.5 mm/hr
 for minor stream
1 in 220

2/3x0.004545^1/"2

m3/sec
m/sec
m2
m
m
m
m

ay at c/s of Ex. Bridge

m Ref.Cl.No. 4.8
 m as against Ex. Br. = 0.555 m

m as against Ex. Br. = 1.880 m

Zero for Existing Bridge.

ecause Waterway requirment not fulfilled

m/sec
m2 Ref. Dwg

m2 Ref. Dwg
m Ref. Br.Str.code
Cl no. 4.7

m Ref.Cl.No.4.9

m as against Ex. Br. = 2.958 m

m as against Ex. Br. = 4.490 m