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4. Stoichiometry
Solid sodium carbonate reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to form aqueous sodium
chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 +
H2O
………………………………………………………………………………… [ 1M]
a) Calculate the number of moles hydrochloric acid required to react required to react
exactly with 4.15g of sodium carbonate. (Ar values: C=12.0, Na=23.0, O =16.0)
[ 1M]
b) An aqueous solution of 25.0cm3 sodium carbonate of concentration 0.0200 mol/dm3
is titrated (reacted) with hydrochloric acid. The volume of hydrochloric acid required
to exactly react with the sodium carbonate is 12.50cm3.
i) Calculate the number of moles of sodium carbonate present in the solution of
sodium carbonate.
[ 1M]
[1M]
c) How many moles of Carbon dioxide are produced when 0.2 mol of sodium carbonate
reacts with excess of hydrochloric acid?
[ 1M]
d) Calculate the volume of this number of moles of carbon dioxide at R.T.P (1 mol of
gas occupies 24dm3 at R.T.P (Room Temperature and Pressure)
[ 2M]
5. Dilutions
i) A chemist starts with 50.0 m l of a 0.40 M NaCl solution and dilutes it to
1000m l . What is the concentration of NaCl in the new solution?
ii) A chemist wants to make 500 m l of 0.050 M HCl by diluting a 6.0 M HCl
solution. How much of that solution should be used?
[ 4 M]
7. Atomic Structure
a) Identify and name the sub-atomic particles in below atomic structure and based on
atomic number identify the atom from the periodic table.
[ 2 M]
b) Fill the following table with number of sub-atomic particles relative to atoms, ions
and isotopes.
8. Electronic configuration
i) Carbon ……………………………………
ii) Argon ……………………………………
iii) Magnesium…………………………………… [ 3 M]
i) H2 ………………
a) Which of the following contains Covalent bonding, Ionic bonding and Metallic
bonding.
i) NaCl ……………
ii) Cl2 ……………
iii) MgO ……………
iv) Fe ……………
v) NH3 ……………
Choose at least one compound to draw the bonding in the box provided.
[2 M]
11. Redox Reactions
a) State the oxidation numbers of the underlined elements in the fallowing compounds
i)CaCrO4 _______
ii)K2MnO4 _____
iii)NaClO3 ________
……………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………. …………...[ 4 M]
…………………………………………
iii) Explain your answer in terms of (i) transfer of electrons (ii) change in oxidation
number.
iv) ………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………… [ 3 M]
v) Write the following equation in ionic form and list out the total cations and anions
below.
i) Ionic form…………………………………………………………
ii) Cations………………………………………………………….....
iii)Anions…………………………………………………………….. [3M]
12. Electrolysis
From the above diagram of electrolytic cell answer the fallowing questions
Cathode:……………………………………………
Anode:………………………………………………
Define electrolyte and what the electrolyte from above electrolytic cell?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………….[3M]
ii) How the rate of reaction influence when the fallowing changes occurs during a
reaction. Use decreases or increases in the blanks.