7 FLAT GEOMETRY

7.1 SIMILARITY

Two geometrical objects are similar when one is the result of enlarging or shrinking the
other. Corresponding angles are equal and the lengths of corresponding segments are in
the same ratio.

Example 1: Which of the triangles shown below are similar?

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Solution:

Example 2:

Solution:

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 Triangles ABE and ACD are said to be in Thales’ position.

EXERCISES:

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7.2 PYTHAGORAS’ THEOREM

EXAMPLES:

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EXERCISES:

1. Find the length of the side marked x in each triangle.

2. Find the length of the side marked x in each triangle. Give your answers correct to 2
decimal places.

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10. Find the length of the side marked x in each diagram.

11. E Find the side of a square whose diagonal is 8 cm length.

12. E Find the height of an equilateral triangle whose perimeter is 30 cm.

13. E Find the value of x in each shape:

14. E Find the distance from P to A that makes CP = DP in the following cases:

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7.3 GEOMETRY REVIEW
7.3.1 POLYGONS

Spoken activity: check the last formula for triangles and squares.

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7.3.2 TRIANGLES AND QUADRILATERALS

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7.3.3 CIRCLE

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7.4 PERIMETER AND AREA

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BASIC EXERCISES:

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EXERCISES:
1. Find the area of each triangle:

3. Find the perimeter and area of each shape below:

4. Calculate the area of a rectangle whose height and diagonal are 3 and 5 cm,
respectively.
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5. E Find the area of a square when its diagonal is 2 cm.

6. Find the area of each of the following shapes:

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10. Find the area of this rectangle:

11. Find the area of the following isosceles trapeziums:

12. Find the area of the coloured shapes:

14.Find the area of a square whose side is 10 cm, by applying the formula for a regular
polygon.

15.Find the area of a decagon whose side is 10 m and its apothem is 15.39 m.

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16. Find the area of The Pentagon in the USA: its side is 50 m and the radius of a
circumscribed circumference would be 34.41 m.

17.The side of a regular hexagon is 6 cm. Find its area.

18. E Find the apothem of a regular heptagon whose side is 6 cm and area 130.8 cm2.

19. E Find the area of this shape:

20. E Find the area of an octagon whose side is 8 cm.

21. E Find the area of the coloured part in each shape:

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7.5 CURVED SHAPES

BASIC EXERCISES:

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1. Solve:

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1. Find the circumference and area of each circle shown below:

2. E Find the radius of the circle which has:

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3. The diagram shows a running track.

6. E A square hole is cut in a circular piece of card to create the shape down.

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8. The diameter of a garden roller is 0.4 m.

9. Find the area of the shaded regions in the following figures:

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10. Find the area of the shaded region shown:

11. E Solve:

12. E Find the relationship between the radiuses of

two circumferences when the area of the annulus
they produce is half that of the biggest circle.

13. E A rectangular and isosceles rectangle is inscribed in a circumference of radius 5 cm.

Find the area comprised between circle and triangle.

ÁREAS

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