PROJECT:

(25Km)under Comprehensiv Scheme for Strengthening of Transmission & Distribution System in NE

-State: Sikkim

OWNER

POWERGRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED

TITLE:
DESIGN CALCULATION FOR SOMBARIA SUBSTATION
RETAINING WALL DESIGN
66/11KV SOMBARIA SUBSTATION

ADVANCED UTRA POWER TRANSMISSION CONSULTANCY

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS & CIVIL DESIGN CONSULTANTS
1101, Unitech Arcadia, South City-II, Sector-49, Gurgaon Haryana (INDIA)
S.N. DESIGN DOC. DESCRIPTION DESIGN
PGCIL/REW/SOMBARIA/2M RCC
1 WALL/09D
2M RCC WALL DESIGN ARUN
 PAGE 1 OF 1

Distribution System in NER & Sikkim:Inter

NDIA LIMITED

A SUBSTATION

ULTANCY
NTS
(INDIA)
DESIGN DATE

ARUN 18.03.2019
 DESIGN CONSTANTS
HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND LEVEL
OVERALL HEIGHT (H)
SAFE BEARING CAPACITY
Ht. of Stem
Unit weight of soil
GRADE OF CONCRETE (fck)
GRADE OF STEEL (fy)
C= σcbc
t= σst
M =
ᶲ =
µ =
Ka
Kp
Surcharge
Density of r.c.c
Preliminary Dimensions
Minimum depth of foundation
Provide Foundation Depth
Overall Depth
Base width
Maximum toe Width
Provide toe width
Thickness of base slab
provide thickness of base slab
Spacing of counterfort
l =
provide spacing
Thickness of stem near base
height of stem (h)
Pressure at bottom
Maximum B.M at support (M)
Mu
For Fe 500 steel ( SP 16, P.N. 10)
Mu
therefore d
provide effective depth d
cover
provide d
Top Width
Heel width
Stability Calculation
HORIZONTAL LOAD
= 7m
= 10 m
= 369.7 kN/m^2
= 9.4 m
= 18 kN/m^3
= 20
= 500
= 7 N/mm^2
= 230 N/mm^2
13.33
26
0.5
= 0.391
= 2.560
= 20.000 kN/m^2
25.000 kN/m^2
= 3.135 m
= 3m
= 10 m
0.6H-0.7H
6.5 m
= 2.167 m
= 2.2 m
= H/15-H/20 0.66666667 -
= 0.6 m
=
3.5(H/ɣ)^0.25
= 3.022
= 3 m c/c
=
= 9.4 m
= 73.91 kN/m^2
= 55.435 kN/m^2 wl^2/12
= 83.152 kN/m^2
=
= 0.133fckbd^2
= 176.806 mm
= 350 mm
= 50 mm
= 400 mm
= 300 mm
= 3900 mm
Consider Seismic load
 perpendicul
Horizontal load ar distance
Load Type (kN) (m) moment (kN-m)
Active earth
pressure 369.566 3.333 1231.886
Earthquake
Horizontal
force 10.794 6.000 64.763
surcharge 78.132 5 390.662
Ph= 458.492 Mo =

Sliding force = 458.492 kN

Overturning Moment = 1687.311 kN-m

VERTICAL LOADS
W1 = wt. of rectangular portion of stem,
per metre length.
W2= wt. of triangular portion of stem
W3 = wt. of base slab.
W4 = wt. of soil on heel slab.
W5 = wt due to surcharge

perpendicular
distance from toe
S.No Designation Force(kN) (m)
1 W1 70.5 2.45
2 W2 11.75 2.23
3 W3 78 3.25
4 W4 659.88 4.55
5 W5 78 5

ΣW= 898.130 MR

ΣW.x= Net moment at toe

x= 2.40
eccentricity e = 0.85
Max pressure P(max) = 246.289 < 369.7
P(min) = 30.058 > 0
F.O.S against overturning = 2.279 > 1.5
F.O.S against sliding =
Sliding force = 458.492
Resisting force = 449.065
F.O.S = 0.979 < 1.5
Hence Shear key is Required

Design of stem
Pressure at base of stem (P) = 73.913 kN-m^2
At support Mu = -83.152 kN-m
At mid span Mu = 41.576 kN-m
At support
 Mu/bd^2 = 0.679
pt = 0.168 % sp16 pg48
Ast required = 588 mm^2
Ast provided = 1435.429 mm^2 provide
At mid span
Mu/bd^2 = 0.339
pt 0.082 % <
Provide pt 0.12%
Ast required 420 mm^2
Ast provided 436.11 mm^2
Distribution Steel in stem
Avg. thickness of stem 350 mm
provide minimum 0.12% steel of bD
Ast required 420 mm^2
Ast provided 490.625 mm^2
Check for shear
Max. shear at the face of counterfort
Vu 144.131 kN
τv 0.412 N/mm2
pt 0.410 % IS:456-2000 pg 73
τc 0.420 N/mm2 X1 (known)=
X (known)=
X2 (known)=

τc > τv SAFE

Check for Development Length

S.f at point of contraflexure
V 67.261 kN
Vu 100.891 kN
Mu/Vu+Lo>=Ld
762.088 > 752
these bars must be extended upto a point
distance Lo beyond the point of
contraflexure
i.e 0.15L+350 740 mm
extend till 750 mm
Connection of stem with counterfort
Horizontal pressure at depth 9.4 66.100 kN-m^2
total s.f at 9.4 171.860 kN
factored s.f 257.790 kN
Ast required for two legged stirrup 592.620 (two leg)
Ast required for one leg of stirrup 296.310 mm^2
ast provided for one legged stirrup 314 mm^2
ast provided for two legged stirrup 628 mm^2

Horizontal pressure at depth 6.4 45.00

total s.f at 6.4 117.011
factored s.f 175.516
Ast required for two legged stirrup 403.486 (two leg)
 Ast required for one leg of stirrup 201.743 mm^2
ast provided for one legged stirrup 201.857 mm^2
ast provided for two legged stirrup 403.714 mm^2

for 0-3mtr height from bottom, provide

8Φ- 2 legged stirrup @160c/c
for 3-7.5mtr height from bottom, provide
6Φ- 2 legged stirrup @140c/c
=
Design of toe slab =
total downward force = self wt. of toe slab
= 15 kN/m
pressure at toe =
6.5 = 216.231
4.3 = 143.045
p = 173.103 kN/m^2
B.M at critical section = 500.683
Mu = 751.025
Mu/bd^2 = 2.086
pt = 0.537
Ast Required = 3222 mm^2
Ast provided = 3270.83 mm^2
Distribution steel =
Provide 12% =
Ast required = 720 mm^2
Ast provided = 785 mm^2
Check for Shear =
S.F at Critical Shear = 428.332
factored s.f Vu = 642.498
τv = 1.07 N/mm^2
pt = 0.818 X1 (known)=
τc = 0.58 X (known)=
= X2 (known)=
τc < τv

in this case pt req. τc=τv=1.04

pt = 0.755
Ast required = 4530 mm^2
Ast provided = 4906.25 mm^2
Development length = 1175

Design of heel slab

Width of Heel 3.9
total downward pressure wt of backfill+ wt of heel slab+ wt of surcharge
201.2
Pressure at heel
6.5 193.96
3.9 116.376
Pressure at heel 146.4344401102 kN/mm^2
U.V.L acting on heel cosider strip for
pressure calculation
Pressure at heel
3.9 116.376
2.6 77.584
Pressure at heel 123.748 kN/mm^2
Avg. pressure on strip 143.144
Mu at support -161.037 kn/m
Mu at mid span 80.5185 kn/m
At Support
Mu/bd^2 0.447
pt 0.106
Vu 279.131
τv 0.465
τv=τc= 0.465 X1 (known)=
pt 0.46 X (known)=
X2 (known)=
Ast required = 2750 mm^2
Ast provided = 2854.5455 mm^2
At mid span
Mu/bd^2 0.224
Provide pt 0.12 %
Ast required = 720 mm^2
Ast provided = 785 mm^2
Distribution Steel
Provide pt 0.12 %
Ast provided = 785 mm^2

Development length
Mu1/Vu+Lo>=Ld
S.F at point of contraflexure
V 130.261
Vu 195.392
1012.088 > 470

Connection of heel with counterfort

Max S.F
Vu 279.131
Ast required for two legged stirrup 641.68 mm^2
Ast required for one legged stirrup 320.84 mm^2
ast provided for one legged stirrup 334.933 mm^2
ast provided for two legged stirrup 669.867 mm^2

Design of counter fort

tanθ 0.514
θ 27.2
intersecting point tanθ 0.6/intersecting point
1.167
 At distance 3 mtr from top
sinθ 0.457
D 1.904 m
cover 80.000 0.08
d 1.824 m

At distance 5 mtr from top

sinθ 0.457
D 2.818 m
d 2.738 m

At distance 9.4 mtr from top

sinθ 0.457
D 4.828 m
d 4.748 m

At 10 m from top
pressure at base of wall 70.319 kN-m^2
Load on counterfort base 210.957 kN/m
M 3515.955 kNm
Mu 5273.932 kNm
Mu/bd^2 0.585
pt 0.143 %
min pt for a bea with Fe500 0.205 %
Ast required 3893.271 mm^2
Ast provided = 4088.542 mm^2
no. of bars = 8.333 8
provide 7 nos 25mm. dia bars

distance from top= 5

pressure at base of wall 35.160 kN-m^2
Load on counterfort base 105.479 kN/m
M 439.494 kNm
Mu 659.241 kNm
Mu/bd^2 0.220
pt 0.07
min pt for a bea with Fe500 0.205 %
Ast required 2244.834 mm^2
Ast provided = 2415.385 mm^2
no. of bars = 7.692 8
provide 8 nos 25mm. dia bars

distance from top= 3

pressure at base of wall 21.096 kN-m^2
Load on counterfort base 198.300 kN/m
M 297.450 kNm
Mu 446.175 kNm
Mu/bd^2 0.335
pt 0.082
min pt for a bea with Fe500 0.205 %
 Ast required 1495.545 mm^2
Ast provided = 1570 mm^2
no. of bars = 5 5
provide 5 nos 25mm. dia bars

Check for shear at base

Pressure at= 9.4 m
= 66.100 Kn/m^2
Load on C.F = 198.300 kN-m
V 932.009 kN
B.M at 9.4 2920.296 Kn-m

Effective shear
Ve=V-M/d*tanθ = 615.686 kN
Vu 923.530 kN
pt 0.215 % X1 (known)=
τc 0.332 N/mm^2 X (known)=
X2 (known)=
Vus 293009.6829837 N
293.010 kN
Sv = 0.87fyAsvd/Vus
Asv = 100.48 mm^2
Sv = 708.252 mm c/c

Minimumspacing of stirrup required

Sv 273.18 mm c/c
Provide 280mm c/c

Design of shear key

Assume a shear key at a distance of 2.2
Shear key, height = 0.4 m
Width = 0.4 m
h1 = 3 m
where 300mm loose soil not considered
h2 = 4.473 m
So,
Passive Pressure, Pp = Cp * density of soil * (h2^2-h1^2)/2
Pp = 253.5967079 Kn
FOS sliding = 0.9*(F+Pp)/(Pa2 Cos(∞) + Pa1)
FOS sliding = 1.477 > 1.4
Ast = 420

Half the main reinforcement of stem are anchored in key = 717.714286 mm2

Ast provided = 753.6 mm^2

Ast in shear key = 1471.31429 mm2

0.5
1687.311

Moment
about
toe(kN-
m)
172.725
26.24167
253.5
3002.454
390

3844.921

SAFE
SAFE No tension at base
SAFE

NOTSAFE
 16 dia bars @ 140 c/c at support near counterfort in horizontal direction

0.12% minimum

10 dia bars @ 180 c/c

10 dia bars @ 160 c/c

Assume width of c.f 400

l 2600

0.25 Y1 (known)= 0.35

0.41 Y (unknown)= 0.42
0.50 Y2 (known)= 0.46

mm^2

8 dia bars @ 160 c/c

mm^2
 6 dia bars @ 140 c/c

upward pressure downward pressure net pressure

A C A C A C
246.28925 173.1034389 15 15 231.2893 158.1034

25 dia bars @ 150 c/c

10 dia bars @ 100 c/c

0.75 Y1 (known)= 0.56

0.82 Y (unknown)= 0.58
1.00 Y2 (known)= 0.62

25 dia bars @ 100 c/c

upward pressure downward pressure net pressure

 D B D B D B

155.036 38.66 201.2 201.2 -46.164 -162.54

0.36 Y1 (known)= 0.25

0.46 Y (unknown)= 0.458333
0.48 Y2 (known)= 0.5

20 dia bars @ 110 c/c

10 dia bars @ 100 c/c

10 dia bars @ 100 c/c on lower face

OK

8 dia bars @ 150 c/c

 25 dia bars @ 120 c/c
nos.

20 dia bars @ 130 c/c

nos.
 20 dia bars @ 200 c/c
nos.

0.15 Y1 (known)= 0.28

0.215 Y (unknown)= 0.332
0.25 Y2 (known)= 0.36

Consider
8 dia- 2 legged stirrup

m from toem from toe

Safe

12 dia bars @ 150 c/c

753.6

> 420 mm2

OK
 Seismic Force Calculation As per IS:1893-2016 clause 6.2

Horizontal force
Fh= αhWm
αh= βIαo
0.0875
Fh= 78.58638

Vertical force
Fv= αvWm
Fh= 112.2663

Fh = Horizontal seismic force to be resisted

αh = Design horizontal seismic coeff.
Wm = Wt. of mass under consideration ignoring reduction due to buoyancy or up
β= Coeff. Depending upon the soil-foundation system
I= Importance factor
αo = horizontal seismic coeff.
αv = Design vertical seismic coeff.
Z 0.24
I 1.5
R 3
Sa/g = 2.5
= 2.2

Ah = 0.15
0.136364 0.166667

Av = 0.1

λ 7.74 9.425 take maximum 9.425

α 0
i 0
δ 17.33
φ 26

1+Av= 1.1
1-Av= 0.9
 cos^2(φ-λ-α)= 0.9186209169
cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.88
sin(φ+δ)sin(φ-i-λ)= 0.1957522125
cos(α-i)cos(δ+α+λ)= 0.8929396615

1+Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 1.147122
1-Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.938554
((1/(1+sqrt((sin(φ+δ)sin(φ-i-λ)/cos(α-i)cos(δ+α+λ)))^2 0.463898

Ca= 0.532148
Ca= 2.02319

take maximum
Ca= 2.02319

cos^2(φ+λ-α)= 0.9186209169
cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.88
sin(φ-δ)sin(φ+i-λ)= 0.043002549
cos(α-i)cos(δ-α+λ)= 0.8929396615

1+Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 1.147122
1-Av*cos^2(φ-λ-α)/cosλcos^2αcos(δ+α+λ)= 0.938554
((1/(1+sqrt((sin(φ+δ)sin(φ-i-λ)/cos(α-i)cos(δ+α+λ)))^2 0.672468

Cp= 1.705837
Cp= 1.395685

take minimum
Cp= 1.395685

Active earth pressure due to surcharge= 380.3597

Passive earth pressure due to surcharge= 262.3888

Net seismic ACTIVE earth pressure acting= 10.79381

reduction due to buoyancy or uplif
degree radians
9.425 0.164497 0.986500803
0 0 1.00
0 0 1.00
17.33 0.302466 0.955
26 0.453786 0.899
cosα 1
cos(α-i) 1
 ANNEXURE FOR WIND FORCE

Basic wind speed is considered as 55 m/s as Fig-1 of IS 875 (Part 3).

Design wind speed: (As per Cl. 5.3, of IS: 875)

Vz = Vb k1 k2 k3

Where,

Vz = Design wind speed at any height z in m/s;

Vb = Basic wind speed = 55 m/s

k1 = Probability factor (Risk co-efficient) = 1

(From Table 1, for power plant structures)

k2 = Terrain, height and structure size factor = As given in the table

(From Table 2, for Terrain Category 2,
Class A)

k3 = Topography factor = 1.0

(From Cl. 5.3.3.1, considering ground
slop less than 3°)

Design wind pressure, Pz = 0.6 Vz²

Where,

Pz = Design wind pressure in N/m² at height z.

Vz = Desing wind velocity in m/s at height z.

WIND PRESSURE ON VARIOUS COMPONENTS ON THE EXPOSED AREA:

[Exposed area means effective frontal area ‘Ae’ as indicated in Cl. 6.3; IS: 875 (Part 3)]

The wind force on that particular component shall be obtained by multiplying the frontal area ‘Ae’ of that
component with the respective wind pressure values as below:

Wind Pressure based on height of structure:

(Without force co-efficient)

The co-efficient shall be as per Table-4, IS: 875 (Part 3) based on the H/B ratio.

Vz Pz Pz
Height (m) k2
(m/s) (N/m²) (kg/m²)

Upto 10m 0.91 50.05 1503 151

Horizontal load due to wind on boundary wall

Height of boundary wall = 7 m

thickness of boundary wa= 0.45 m
length of boundary wall = 1 m
b/h = 0.1429

Cf = 1.2

F = Cf*A*Pz = 1.2x2.5x1x1.51
= 12.684 KN

Vertical load of boundary wall

= .23x25x2.5
= 14.4 KN