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mesh networks
Attila Balogh, Magyar Telekom
about me
PART I.
created by Craig Thomas and Carter Bays for CBS
The spectrum (that no one wanted)
• line of sight
• rain fading
• oxygen absorption
• unlicensed
The spectrum (that WE need)
• minimal interference
(high FSL, O2 absorption)
• reflections - to overcome
line-of-sight problems
802.11ay
17.6Gbps / channel
Once upon a time…
Ethernet IPv6
Affordable
Avaliable
Flexible
off-the shelf
R O U T E R O S
idea #1 - L2TP
• Broadband Internet access
routed L2TP - IPv4 + IPv6 over PPP over L2TP
• Multicast IPTV
BCP over L2TP - Ethernet bridging over L2TP
• Supports tunnel IDs: multiple tunnels are possible between the same
nodes
• no link negotiation: client and server needs to know each other
High-speed
Internet
hAP ac2 1000BaseT Access
POP with optical junction
10GBaseLR
10GBaseLR Telekom
CRS317-1G-16S+RM
Optical
CCR1072-1G-8S+
Terragraph
Aggregation
radio mesh
10GBaseLR
Network
CCR
hAP ac2 2
hAP ac 2 Cisco
hAP ac
ASR9k
1000BaseT BNG
230VAC
CRS326-24G-2S+ 10GBaseX
multicast IPTV
10GBaseLR 10GBaseLR/WDM
city -48VDC service
bat, 2018
the current indoor CPE in detail
uplink
• 4-core ARMv7 (Qualcomm IPQ4018)
• 5xGE ports
• features/scripting/automation
downlink
• up to 700Mbps throughput with complex tunnelling
Terragraph
IPTV VLAN
Ethernet
IPv6
EoIPv6
EoIPv6
• 500Mbps broadband internet
IPv4 IPv6
• register/update FQDN
• configuration changes
• command execution
85%
AVAILABILITY
STABILITY
OVERALL
SPEED
Can I build all of this
PART II.
with Mikrotik?
Wireless Mesh network (~100 servings)
• IPv6 support
• no AP-AP links -> dedicated radio for backhaul and for drop
• link coordination -> use multiple SSIDs and ‘w60g station’ entries
CPE
• speaks BGP to the outside
• ASBR in OSPFv3
• DN BH - backhaul
distribution node
• speaks OSPFv3
• DN AP - drop distribution
node
CPE
• multiple links / sector
• speaks OSPFv3
• connects to DN AP wirelessly
CPE
• speaks OSPFv3
OSPFv3 CPE
• node addresses
• subscriber pools
the hardware
wap60Gx3
wap60Gx3
wap60Gx3
wap60Gx3
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
wap60G
PoE+GE PoE+GE PoE+GE PoE+GE
powerbox powerbox powerbox powerbox
pro pro pro pro
GE
48V 48V
48V 48V
mesh node with drop mesh node big mesh node with drop
Why IPv6
W O R K S
have loops
I think that I shall never see
A graph more lovely than a tree.
A tree whose crucial property
Is loop-free connectivity.
A tree that must be sure to span
So packets can reach every LAN.
LAYER 2 NETWORKS DON’T MIX PARTICULARLY WELL WITH LOOPS
new frame arrived, src: 00:1c:4d:12:34:56 dst: 00:2e:1a:33:44:55, done. new frame arrived, src: 00:1c:4d:
12:34:56 dst: 00:2e:1a:33:44:55, done. new frame arrived, src: 00:1c:4d:12:34:56 dst: 00:2e:1a:33:44:55,
done. new frame arrived, src: 00:1c:4d:12:34:56 dst: 00:2e:1a:33:44:55, done. new frame arrived, src:
00:1c:4d:12:34:56 dst: 00:2e:1a:33:44:55, done. new frame arrived, src: 00:1c:4d:12:34:56 dst: 00:2e:1a:
• take the common prefix hint, add something unique -> unique GUA
2001:db8:001:603::bad:babe/128
2001:db8:001:603::/128
81ED08262E2B
:pick, :pick, :pick, 0000 -> ("0000:" . $part1 . ":" . $part2 . ":" . $part3)
2001:db8:001:603::81ED:0826:2E2B/128
/ipv6 address { remove [find where global and interface="lo0"]; add interface=lo0 address=$loaddr }
addressing rules
ethernet native
emulation routed IPv6
Voice
C D 60GHz D
CPE
N N N
TT BNG Internet
1G backhaul 10G 10G
customer premises
IPTV
operator domain
legacy service compatibility
DHCP DHCP
VLANs
VLANs
PPPoE EoIPv6 EoIPv6 PPPoE IPTV
DHCP DHCP
VLANs
VLANs
PPPoE EoIPv6 EoIPv6 PPPoE IPTV
any
60GHz domain with Mikrotik mikrotik cisco (any) Internet
NAT64
DNS64
XLAT DHCPv6c DHCPv6s
CPE CN DN DN
any OTT TV
60GHz domain with Mikrotik Internet
IPv6 IPv6
DNS64
2001:67c:27e4:642::5100:789e
• DNs and CNs push and pull data from controller using HTTPS