Part 1 Direct current B. By cooling.

Quiz (Basic physical concepts) C. By ionizing.

1. The atomic number of an element is D. By oxidizing.
determined by:
A. The number of neutrons. 9. Of the following substances, the worst
B. The number of protons. conductor is:
C. The number of neutrons plus the number of A. Air.
protons. B. Copper.
D. The number of electrons. C. Iron.
D. Salt water.
2. The atomic weight of an element is
approximately determined by: 10. Of the following substances, the best
A. The number of neutrons. conductor is:
B. The number of protons. A. Air.
C. The number of neutrons plus the number of B. Copper.
protons. C. Iron.
D. The number of electrons. D. Salt water.

3. Suppose there is an atom of oxygen, 11. Movement of holes in a semiconductor:

containing eight protons and eight neutrons in
the nucleus, and two neutrons are added to the
nucleus. The resulting atomic weight is about:
A. 8.
B. 10.
C. 16.
D. 18.
4. An ion:
A. Is electrically neutral.
B. Has positive electric charge.
C. Has negative electric charge.
D. Might have either a positive or negative
charge.
5. An isotope:
A. Is electrically neutral.
B. Has positive electric charge.
C. Has negative electric charge.
D. Might have either a positive or negative
charge.
6. A molecule:
A. Might consist of just a single atom of an
element.
B. Must always contain two or more elements.
C. Always has two or more atoms.
D. Is always electrically charged.
7. In a compound:
A. There can be just a single atom of an element.
B. There must always be two or more elements.
C. The atoms are mixed in with each other but
not joined.
D. There is always a shortage of electrons.
8. An electrical insulator can be made a
conductor:
A. By heating.
A. Is like a flow of electrons in the same direction.
B. Is possible only if the current is high enough.
C. Results in a certain amount of electric current.
D. Causes the material to stop conducting.
12. If a material has low resistance:
A. It is a good conductor.
B. It is a poor conductor.
C. The current flows mainly in the form of holes.
D. Current can flow only in one direction.
13. A coulomb:
A. Represents a current of one ampere.
B. Flows through a 100-watt light bulb.
C. Is one ampere per second.
D. Is an extremely large number of charge
carriers.
14. A stroke of lightning:
A. Is caused by a movement of holes in an
insulator.
B. Has a very low current.
C. Is a discharge of static electricity.
D. Builds up between clouds.
15. The volt is the standard unit of:
A. Current.
B. Charge.
C. Electromotive force.
D. Resistance.
16. If an EMF of one volt is placed across a
resistance of two ohms, then the current is:
A. Half an ampere.
B. One ampere.
C. Two amperes.
D. One ohm.

1
17. A backwards-working electric motor is best B. 0.5 .
described as: C. 0.05 .
A. An inefficient, energy-wasting device. D. 0.02 .
B. A motor with the voltage connected the wrong
way. 6. A resistor has a value of 300 ohms. Its
C. An electric generator. conductance is:
D. A magnetic-field generator. A. 3.33 millisiemens.
B. 33.3 millisiemens.
18. In some batteries, chemical energy can be C. 333 microsiemens.
replenished by: D. 0.333 siemens.
A. Connecting it to a light bulb.
B. Charging it. 7. A mile of wire has a conductance of 0.6
C. Discharging it. siemens. Then three miles of the same wire has a
D. No means known; when a battery is dead, you conductance of:
have to throw it away. A. 1.8 siemens.
B. 1.8 .
19. A changing magnetic field: C. 0.2 siemens.
A. Produces an electric current in an insulator. D. Not enough information has been given to
B. Magnetizes the earth. answer this.
C. Produces a fluctuating electric field.
D. Results from a steady electric current. 8. A 2-kW generator will deliver approximately
how much current, reliably, at 117V?
20. Light is converted into electricity: A. 17 mA.
A. In a dry cell. B. 234 mA.
B. In a wet cell. C. 17 A.
C. In an incandescent bulb. D. 234 A.
D. In a photovoltaic cell.
9. A circuit breaker is rated for 15 A at 117 V. This
Quiz (Electrical units) represents approximately how many kilowatts?
1. A positive electric pole: A. 1.76.
A. Has a deficiency of electrons. B. 1760.
B. Has fewer electrons than the negative pole. C. 7.8.
C. Has an excess of electrons. D. 0.0078.
D. Has more electrons than the negative pole
10. You are told that a certain air conditioner is
2. An EMF of one volt: rated at 500 Btu. What is this in kWh?
A. Cannot drive much current through a circuit. A. 147.
B. Represents a low resistance. B. 14.7.
C. Can sometimes produce a large current. C. 1.47.
D. Drops to zero in a short time. D. 0.147.

3. A potentially lethal electric current is on the 11. Of the following energy units, the one most
order of: often used to define electrical energy is:
A. 0.01 mA. A. The Btu.
B. 0.1 mA. B. The erg.
C. 1 mA. C. The foot pound.
D. 0.1 A. D. The kilowatt hour.

4. A current of 25 A is most likely drawn by: 12. The frequency of common household ac in
A. A flashlight bulb. the U.S. is:
B. A typical household. A. 60 Hz.
C. A power plant. B. 120 Hz.
D. A clock radio. C. 50 Hz.
D. 100 Hz.
5. A piece of wire has a conductance of 20
siemens. Its resistance is: 13. Half-wave rectification means that:
A. 20 . A. Half of the ac wave is inverted.

2
B. Half of the ac wave is chopped off.
C. The whole wave is inverted.
D. The effective value is half the peak value.
14. In the output of a half-wave rectifier:
A. Half of the wave is inverted.
B. The effective value is less than that of the
original ac wave.
C. The effective value is the same as that of the
original ac wave.
D. The effective value is more than that of the
original ac wave.
15. In the output of a full-wave rectifier:
A. The whole wave is inverted.
B. The effective value is less than that of the
original ac wave.
C. The effective value is the same as that of the
original ac wave.
D. The effective value is more than that of the
original ac wave.
16. A low voltage, such as 12 V:
A. Is never dangerous.
B. Is always dangerous.
C. Is dangerous if it is ac, but not if it is dc.
D. Can be dangerous under certain conditions.
17. Which of these can represent magnetomotive
force?
A. The volt-turn.
B. The ampere-turn.
C. The gauss.
D. The gauss-turn.
18. Which of the following units can represent
magnetic flux density?
A. The volt-turn.
B. The ampere-turn.
C. The gauss.
D. The gauss-turn.
19. A ferromagnetic material:
A. Concentrates magnetic flux lines within itself.
B. Increases the total magnetomotive force
around a current-carrying wire.
C. Causes an increase in the current in a wire.
D. Increases the number of ampere-turns in a
wire.
20. A coil has 500 turns and carries 75 mA of
current. The magnetomotive force will be:
A. 37,500 At.
B. 375 At.
C. 37.5 At.
D. 3.75 At.
Quiz (Measuring devices)
3
1. The force between two electrically charged
objects is called:
A. Electromagnetic deflection.
B. Electrostatic force.
C. Magnetic force.
D. Electroscopic force.
2. The change in the direction of a compass
needle, when a current-carrying wire is brought
near, is:
A. Electromagnetic deflection.
B. Electrostatic force.
C. Magnetic force.
D. Electroscopic force.
3. Suppose a certain current in a galvanometer
causes the needle to deflect 20 degrees, and
then this current is doubled. The needle
deflection:
A. Will decrease.
B. Will stay the same.
C. Will increase.
D. Will reverse direction.
4. One important advantage of an electrostatic
meter is that:
A. It measures very small currents.
B. It will handle large currents.
C. It can detect ac voltages.
D. It draws a large current from the source.
5. A thermocouple:
A. Gets warm when current flows through it.
B. Is a thin, straight, special wire.
C. Generates dc when exposed to light.
D. Generates ac when heated.
6. One advantage of an electromagnet meter
over a permanent-magnet meter is that:
A. The electromagnet meter costs much less.
B. The electromagnet meter need not be aligned
with the earth’s magnetic field.
C. The permanent-magnet meter has a more
sluggish coil.
D. The electromagnet meter is more rugged.
7. An ammeter shunt is useful because:
A. It increases meter sensitivity.
B. It makes a meter more physically rugged.
C. It allows for measurement of a wide range of
currents.
D. It prevents overheating of the meter.
8. Voltmeters should generally have:
A. Large internal resistance.
B. Low internal resistance.
C. Maximum possible sensitivity.
D. Ability to withstand large currents.
 A. Voltage.
9. To measure power-supply voltage being used B. Power.
by a circuit, a voltmeter C. Current.
A. Is placed in series with the circuit that works D. Energy.
from the supply.
B. Is placed between the negative pole of the 16. A typical frequency counter:
supply and the circuit working from the supply. A. Has an analog readout.
C. Is placed between the positive pole of the B. Is usually accurate to six digits or more.
supply and the circuit working from the supply. C. Works by indirectly measuring current.
D. Is placed in parallel with the circuit that works D. Works by indirectly measuring voltage.
from the supply.
10. Which of the following will not cause a major 17. A VU meter is never used for measurement
error in an ohmmeter reading? of:
A. A small voltage between points under test. A. Sound.
B. A slight change in switchable internal B. Decibels.
resistance. C. Power.
C. A small change in the resistance to be D. Energy.
measured.
D. A slight error in range switch selection. 18. The meter movement in an illumination meter
measures:
11. The ohmmeter in Fig. 3-17 shows a reading of A. Current.
about: B. Voltage.
A. 33,000 . C. Power.
B. 3.3 K. D. Energy.
C. 330 .
D. 33 . 19. An oscilloscope cannot be used to indicate:
3-17 Illustration for quiz question 11. A. Frequency.
B. Wave shape.
12. The main advantage of a FETVM over a C. Energy.
conventional voltmeter is the fact that the D. Peak signal voltage.
FETVM:
A. Can measure lower voltages. 20. The display in Fig. 3-18 could be caused by a
B. Draws less current from the circuit under test. voltage of:
C. Can withstand higher voltages safely. A. 6.0 V.
D. Is sensitive to ac as well as to dc. B. 6.6 V.
C. 7. 0V.
13. Which of the following is not a function of a D. No way to tell; the meter is malfunctioning.
fuse? 3-18 Illustration for quiz question 20.
A. To be sure there is enough current available for
an appliance to work right. Quiz (Basic dc circuits)
B. To make it impossible to use appliances that 1. Suppose you double the voltage in a simple dc
are too large for a given circuit. circuit, and cut the resistance in half. The current
C. To limit the amount of power that a circuit can will become:
deliver. A. Four times as great.
D. To make sure the current is within safe limits. B. Twice as great.
C. The same as it was before.
14. A utility meter’s motor speed works directly D. Half as great.
from:
A. The number of ampere hours being used at the 2. A wiring diagram would most likely be found in:
time. A. An engineer’s general circuit idea notebook.
B. The number of watt hours being used at the B. An advertisement for an electrical device.
time. C. The service/repair manual for a radio receiver.
C. The number of watts being used at the time. D. A procedural flowchart.
D. The number of kilowatt hours being used at For questions 3 through 11, see Fig. 4-7.
the time.
3. Given a dc voltage source delivering 24 V and
15. A utility meter’s readout indicates: a circuit resistance of 3.3 K_, what is the current?
A. 0.73 A.

4
B. 138 A. A. 0.24 μW.
C. 138 mA. B. 20.7 W.
D. 7.3 mA. C. 20.7 mW.
D. 350 mW.
4. Suppose that a circuit has 472 _ of resistance
and the current is 875 mA. Then the source 12. Suppose six resistors are hooked up in series,
voltage is: and each of them has a value of 540 _. Then the
A. 413 V. total resistance is:
B. 0.539 V. A. 90 _.
C. 1.85 V. B. 3.24 K_.
D. None of the above. C. 540 _.
D. None of the above.
5. The dc voltage in a circuit is 550 mV and the
current is 7.2 mA. Then the resistance is: 13. Four resistors are connected in series, each
A. 0.76 _. with a value of 4.0 K_. The total resistance is:
B. 76 _. A. 1 K_.
C. 0.0040 _. B. 4 K_.
D. None of the above. C. 8 K_.
D. 16 K_.
6. Given a dc voltage source of 3.5 kV and a
circuit resistance of 220 _, what is the current? 14. Suppose you have three resistors in parallel,
A. 16 mA. each with a value of 68,000 _. Then the total
B. 6.3 mA. resistance is:
C. 6.3 A. A. 23 _.
D. None of the above. B. 23 K_.
C. 204 _.
7. A circuit has a total resistance of 473,332 _ and D. 0.2 M_.
draws 4.4 mA. The best expression for the
voltage of the source is: 15. There are three resistors in parallel, with
A. 2082 V. values of 22 _, 27_, and 33 _. A 12-V battery is
B. 110 kV. connected across this combination, as shown in
C. 2.1 kV. Fig. 4-11. What is the current drawn from the
D. 2.08266 kV. battery by this resistance combination?
A. 1.3 A.
8. A source delivers 12 V and the current is 777 B. 15 mA.
mA. Then the best expression for the resistance C. 150 mA.
is: D. 1.5 A.
A. 15 _. 4-11 Illustration for quiz question 15.
B. 15.4 _.
C. 9.3 _. 16. Three resistors, with values of 47 _, 68 _, and
D. 9.32 _. 82 _, are connected in series with a 50-V dc
generator, as shown in Fig. 4-12. The total power
9. The voltage is 250 V and the current is 8.0 mA. consumed by this network of resistors is:
The power dissipated by the potentiometer is: A. 250 mW.
A. 31 mW. B. 13 mW.
B. 31 W. C. 13 W.
C. 2.0 W. D. Not determinable from the data given.
D. 2.0 mW. 4-12 Illustration for quiz question 16.

10. The voltage from the source is 12 V and the 17. You have an unlimited supply of 1-W, 100-_
potentiometer is set for 470 _.The power is about: resistors. You need to get a 100-, 10-W resistor.
A. 310 mW. This can be done most cheaply by means of a
B. 25.5 mW. series-parallel matrix of
C. 39.2 W. A. 3 _ 3 resistors.
D. 3.26 W. B. 4 _ 3 resistors.
C. 4 _ 4 resistors.
11. The current through the potentiometer is 17 D. 2 _ 5 resistors.
mA and its value is 1.22K_. The power is:

5
18. You have an unlimited supply of 1-W, 1000-_ A. 4.4 V.
resistors, and you need a 500-_resistance rated at 5-9 Illustration for quiz questions 2, 3, 8, and 9.
7 W or more. This can be done by assembling: B 5.0 V.
A. Four sets of two 1000-_ resistors in series, and C. 15 V.
connecting these four sets in parallel. D. Not determinable from the data given.
B. Four sets of two 1000-_ resistors in parallel,
and connecting these four sets in series. 5. In the example of question 4 (Fig. 5-10), what
C. A 3 _ 3 series-parallel matrix of 1000-_ is the current through R2?
resistors. A. 6.8 mA.
D. Something other than any of the above. B. 43 mA.
C. 150 mA.
19. You have an unlimited supply of 1-W, 1000-_ D. 6.8 A.
resistors, and you need to get a 3000-, 5-W
resistance. The best way is to: 6. In the example of question 4 (Fig. 5-10), what
A. Make a 2 _ 2 series-parallel matrix. is the total current drawn from the source?
B. Connect three of the resistors in parallel. A. 6.8 mA.
C. Make a 3 _ 3 series-parallel matrix. B. 43 mA.
D. Do something other than any of the above. C. 150 mA.
D. 6.8 A.
20. Good engineering practice usually requires
that a series-parallel resistive network be made: 7. In the example of question 4 (Fig. 5-10),
A. From resistors that are all very rugged. suppose that resistor R2 opens up. The current
B. From resistors that are all the same. through the other two resistors will:
C. From a series combination of resistors in A. Increase.
parallel. B. Decrease.
D. From a parallel combination of resistors in C. Drop to zero.
series. D. No change.

Quiz (Direct-current circuit analysis) 8. Four resistors are connected in series with a
1. In a series-connected string of holiday 6.0-V supply, with values shown in Fig. 5-9 (the
ornament bulbs, if one bulb gets shorted out, same as question 2). What is the power
which of these is most likely? dissipated by the whole combination?
A. All the other bulbs will go out. A. 200 mW.
B. The current in the string will go up. B. 6.5 mW.
C. The current in the string will go down. C. 200 W.
D. The current in the string will stay the same. D. 6.5 W.

2. Four resistors are connected in series across a 9. In Fig. 5-9, what is the power dissipated by R4?
6.0-V battery. The values are R1 _ 10 , R2 _ 20 , 5-10 Illustration for quiz questions 4, 5, 6, 7, 10,
R3 _ 50 , and R4 _ 100 as shown in Fig. 5-9. and 11.
The voltage across R2 is: A. 11 mW.
A. 0.18 V. B. 0.11 W.
B. 33 mV. C. 0.2 W.
C. 5.6 mV. D. 6.5 mW.
D. 670 mV.
10. Three resistors are in parallel in the same
3. In question 2 (Fig. 5-9), the voltage across the configuration and with the same values as in
combination of R3 and R4 is: problem 4 (Fig. 5-10). What is the power
A. 0.22 V. dissipated by the whole set?
B. 0.22 mV. A. 5.4 W.
C. 5.0 V. B. 5.4 uW.
D. 3.3 V. C. 650 W.
D. 650 mW.
4. Three resistors are connected in parallel across
a battery that delivers 15 V. The values are R1 _ 11. In Fig. 5-10, the power dissipated by R1 is:
470 , R2 _ 2.2 K, R3 _ 3.3 K(Fig. 5-10). The A. 32 mW.
voltage across R2 is: B. 480 mW.
C. 2.1 W.

6
D. 31 W. D. Should be such that the current is kept to 100
mA.
12. Fill in the blank in the following sentence. In
either series or a parallel circuit, the sum of the s 18. The maximum voltage output from a voltage
in each component is equal to the total provided divider:
by the supply. A. Is a fraction of the power supply voltage.
A. Current. B. Depends on the total resistance.
B. Voltage. C. Is equal to the supply voltage.
C. Wattage. D. Depends on the ratio of resistances.
D. Resistance.
19. Refer to Fig. 5-7. The battery E is 18.0 V.
13. Refer to Fig. 5-5A. Suppose the resistors each Suppose there are four resistors in the network:
have values of 33 . The battery provides 24 V. R1 _ 100 , R2 _ 22.0 , R3 _ 33.0 , R4 _ 47.0 .
The current I1 is: The voltage E3 at P3 is:
A. 1.1 A. A. 4.19 V.
B. 730 mA. B. 13.8 V.
C. 360 mA. C. 1.61 V.
D. Not determinable from the information given. D. 2.94 V.

14. Refer to Fig. 5-5B. Let each resistor have a 20. Refer to Fig. 5-7. The battery is 12 V; you
value of 820 . Suppose the top three resistors all want intermediate voltages of 3.0,6.0 and 9.0 V.
lead to light bulbs of the exact same wattage. If Suppose that a maximum of 200 mA is allowed
I1 _ 50 mA and I2 _ 70 mA, what is the power through the network.
dissipated in the resistor carrying current I4? What values should the resistors, R1, R2, R3, and
A. 33 W. R4 have, respectively?
B. 40 mW. A. 15 , 30 , 45 , 60 .
C. 1.3 W. B. 60 , 45 , 30 , 15 .
D. It can’t be found using the information given. C. 15 , 15 , 15 , 15 .
D. There isn’t enough information to design the
15. Refer to Fig. 5-6. Suppose the resistances R1, circuit.
R2, R3, and R4 are in the ratio 1:2:4:8 from left to
right, and the battery supplies 30 V. Then the Quiz (Resistors)
voltage E2 is: 1. Biasing in an amplifier circuit:
A. 4 V. A. Keeps it from oscillating.
B. 8 V. B. Matches it to other amplifier stages in a chain.
C. 16 V. C. Can be done using voltage dividers.
D. Not determinable from the data given. D. Maximizes current flow.

16. Refer to Fig. 5-6. Let the resistances each be
3.3 Kand the battery 12 V. If the plus terminal of
a dc voltmeter is placed between R1 and R2 (with
voltages E1 and E2), and the minus terminal of
the voltmeter is placed between R3 and R4
(with voltages E3 and E4), what will the meter
register?
A. 0 V.
B. 3 V.
C. 6 V.
D. 12 V.
17. In a voltage divider network, the total
resistance:
A. Should be large to minimize current drain.
B. Should be as small as the power supply will
allow.
C. Is not important.
2. A transistor can be protected from needless
overheating by:
A. Current-limiting resistors.
B. Bleeder resistors.
C. Maximizing the driving power.
D. Shorting out the power supply when the circuit
is off.
3. Bleeder resistors:
A. Are connected across the capacitor in a power
supply.
B. Keep a transistor from drawing too much
current.
C. Prevent an amplifier from being overdriven.
D. Optimize the efficiency of an amplifier.
4. Carbon-composition resistors:
A. Can handle lots of power.

7
B. Have capacitance or inductance along with B. A rheostat is more precise.
resistance. C. A rheostat can handle more current.
C. Are comparatively nonreactive. D. A rheostat works better with dc.
D. Work better for ac than for dc.
13. A resistor is specified as having a value of 68
5. The best place to use a wirewound resistor is: , but is measured with an ohmmeter as 63 .
A. In a radio-frequency amplifier. The value is off by:
B. When the resistor doesn’t dissipate much A. 7.4 percent.
power. B. 7.9 percent.
C. In a high-power, radio-frequency circuit. C. 5 percent.
D. In a high-power, direct-current circuit. D. 10 percent.

6. A metal-film resistor: 14. Suppose a resistor is rated at 3.3 K, plus or

A. Is made using solid carbon/phenolic paste. minus 5 percent. This means it can be expected
B. Has less reactance than a wirewound type. to have a value between:
C. Can dissipate large amounts of power. A. 2,970 and 3,630 
D. Has considerable inductance. B. 3,295 and 3,305 .
C. 3,135 and 3,465 .
7. A meter-sensitivity control in a test instrument D. 2.8 Kand 3.8 K.
would probably be:
A. A set of switchable, fixed resistors.
15. A package of resistors is rated at 56 , plus or
B. A linear-taper potentiometer.
minus 10 percent. You test them with an
C. A logarithmic-taper potentiometer.
ohmmeter. Which of the following values
D. A wirewound resistor.
indicates a reject?
A. 50.0 .
8. A volume control in a stereo compact-disc
player would probably be: B. 53.0 .
A. A set of switchable, fixed resistors. C. 59.7 .
B. A linear-taper potentiometer. D. 61.1 .
C. A logarithmic-taper potentiometer.
D. A wirewound resistor. 16. A resistor has a value of 680 , and you
expect it will have to draw 1 mA maximum
9. If a sound triples in actual power level, continuous current. What power rating is best for
approximately what is the decibel increase? this application?
A. 3 dB. A. 1/4 W.
B. 5 dB. B. 1/2 W.
C. 6 dB. C. I W.
D. 9 dB. D. 2 W.

10. Suppose a sound changes in volume by _13 17. Suppose a 1-Kresistor will dissipate 1.05 W,
dB. If the original sound power is 1 W, what is the and you have many 1-W resistors of all common
final sound power? values. If there’s room for 20-percent resistance
A. 13 W. error, the cheapest solution is to use:
B. 77 mW. A. Four 1 K, 1-W resistors in series-parallel.
C. 50 mW. B. Two 2.2 K1-W resistors in parallel.
D. There is not enough information to tell. C. Three 3.3 K, 1-W resistors in parallel.
D. One 1 K, 1-W resistor, since manufacturers
11. The sound from a transistor radio is at a level allow for a 10-percent margin of safety.
of 50 dB. How many times the threshold of
hearing is this, in terms of actual sound power? 18. Red, red, red, gold indicates a resistance of:
A. 50. A. 22 .
B. 169. B. 220 .
C. 5,000. C. 2.2 K.
D. 100,000. D. 22 K.
12. An advantage of a rheostat over a
potentiometer is that:
A. A rheostat can handle higher frequencies.

8
19. The actual resistance of the above unit can be C. 7.33 Wh.
expected to vary by how much above or below D. 733 mWh.
the specified value?
A. 11 . 7. A 12-V auto battery is rated at 36 Ah. If a 100-
B. 110 . W, 12-Vdc bulb is connected across this battery,
C. 22 . about how long will the bulb stay lit, if the battery
D 220 . has been fully charged?
A. 4 hours and 20 minutes.
20. A resistor has three bands: gray, red, yellow. B. 432 hours.
This unit can be expected to have a value within C. 3.6 hours.
approximately what range? D. 21.6 minutes.
A. 660 Kto 980 K.
B. 740 Kto 900 K. 8. Alkaline cells:
A. Are cheaper than zinc-carbon cells.
C. 7.4 Kto 9.0 K.
B. Are generally better in radios than zinc-carbon
D. The manufacturer does not make any claim.
cells.
C. Have higher voltages than zinc-carbon cells.
Quiz (Cells and batteries)
D. Have shorter shelf lives than zinc-carbon cells.
1. The chemical energy in a battery or cell:
A. Is a form of kinetic energy.
9. The energy in a cell or battery depends mainly
B. Cannot be replenished once it is gone.
on:
C. Changes to kinetic energy when the cell is
A. Its physical size.
used.
B. The current drawn from it.
D. Is caused by electric current.
C. Its voltage.
D. All of the above.
2. A cell that cannot be recharged is:
A. A dry cell.
10. In which of the following places would a
B. A wet cell.
“lantern” battery most likely be found?
C. A primary cell.
A. A heart pacemaker.
D. A secondary cell.
B. An electronic calculator.
C. An LCD wall clock.
3. A Weston cell is generally used:
D. A two-way portable radio.
A. As a current reference source.
B. As a voltage reference source.
11. In which of the following places would a
C. As a power reference source.
transistor battery be the best power-source
D. As an energy reference source.
choice?
A. A heart pacemaker.
4. The voltage in a battery is:
B. An electronic calculator.
A. Less than the voltage in a cell of the same
C. An LCD wristwatch.
kind.
D. A two-way portable radio.
B. The same as the voltage in a cell of the same
kind.
12. In which of the following places would you
C. More than the voltage in a cell of the same
most likely choose a lithium battery?
kind.
A. A microcomputer memory backup.
D. Always a multiple of 1.018 V.
B. A two-way portable radio.
C. A portable audio cassette player.
5. A direct short-circuit of a battery can cause:
D. A rechargeable flashlight.
A. An increase in its voltage.
B. No harm other than a rapid discharge of its
13. Where would you most likely find a lead-acid
energy.
battery?
C. The current to drop to zero.
A. In a portable audio cassette player.
D. An explosion.
B. In a portable video camera/recorder.
C. In an LCD wall clock.
6. A cell of 1.5 V supplies 100 mA for seven hours
D. In a flashlight.
and twenty minutes, and then it is replaced. It
has supplied:
14. A cell or battery that keeps up a constant
A. 7.33 Ah.
current-delivering capability almost until it dies is
B. 733 mAh.
said to have:

9
A. A large ampere-hour rating. D. Are exactly symmetrical around the earth,
B. Excellent energy capacity. even far out into space.
C. A flat discharge curve.
D. Good energy storage per unit volume. 3. A material that can be permanently
magnetized is generally said to be:
15. Where might you find a NICAD battery? A. Magnetic.
A. In a satellite. B. Electromagnetic.
B. In a portable cassette player. C. Permanently magnetic.
C. In a handheld radio transceiver. D. Ferromagnetic.
D. In more than one of the above.
4. The force between a magnet and a piece of
16. A disadvantage of mercury cells and batteries ferromagnetic metal that has not been
is that: magnetized:
A. They don’t last as long as other types. A. Can be either repulsive or attractive.
B. They have a flat discharge curve. B. Is never repulsive.
C. They pollute the environment. C. Gets smaller as the magnet gets closer to the
D. They need to be recharged often. metal.
D. Depends on the geomagnetic field.
17. Which kind of battery should never be used
until it “dies”? 5. Magnetic flux can always be attributed to:
A. Silver-oxide. A. Ferromagnetic materials.
B. Lead-acid. B. Aligned atoms.
C. Nickel-cadmium. C. Motion of charged particles.
D. Mercury. D. The geomagnetic field.

18. The current from a solar panel is increased by: 6. Lines of magnetic flux are said to originate:
A. Connecting solar cells in series. A. In atoms of ferromagnetic materials.
B. Using NICAD cells in series with the solar cells. B. At a north magnetic pole.
C. Connecting solar cells in parallel. C. Where the lines converge to a point.
D. Using lead-acid cells in series with the solar D. In charge carriers.
cells.
7. The magnetic flux around a straight, current-
19. An interactive solar power system: carrying wire:
A. Allows a homeowner to sell power to the utility. A. Gets stronger with increasing distance from the
B. Lets the batteries recharge at night. wire.
C. Powers lights but not electronic devices. B. Is strongest near the wire.
D. Is totally independent from the utility. C. Does not vary in strength with distance from
the wire.
20. One reason why it is impractical to make an D. Consists of straight lines parallel to the wire.
extrememly high-voltage battery of cells is that:
A. There’s a danger of electric shock. 8. The gauss is a unit of:
B. It is impossible to get more than 103.5 V with A. Overall magnetic field strength.
electrochemical cells. B. Ampere-turns.
C. The battery would weigh to much. C. Magnetic flux density.
D. There isn’t any real need for such thing. D. Magnetic power.

Quiz (Magnetism) 9. A unit of overall magnetic field quantity is the:

1. The geomagnetic field: A. Maxwell.
A. Makes the earth like a huge horseshoe magnet. B. Gauss.
B. Runs exactly through the geographic poles. C. Tesla.
C. Is what makes a compass work. D. Ampere-turn.
D. Is what makes an electromagnet work.
10. If a wire coil has 10 turns and carries 500 mA
2. Geomagnetic lines of flux: of current, what is the magnetomotive force in
A. Are horizontal at the geomagnetic equator. ampere-turns?
B. Are vertical at the geomagnetic equator. A. 5000.
C. Are always slanted, no matter where you go. B. 50.
C. 5.0.

10
D. 0.02. B. Video.
C. Digital data.
11. If a wire coil has 100 turns and carries 1.30 A D. All of the above.
of current, what is the magnetomotive force in
gilberts? 19. An advantage of a magnetic disk, as
A. 130. compared with magnetic tape, for data storage
B. 76.9. and retrieval is that:
C. 164. A. A disk lasts longer.
D. 61.0. B. Data can be stored and retrieved more quickly
with disks than with tapes.
12. Which of the following is not generally C. Disks look better.
possible in a geomagnetic storm? D. Disks are less susceptible to magnetic fields.
A. Charged particles streaming out from the sun.
B. Fluctuations in the earth’s magnetic field. 20. A bubble memory is best suited for:
C. Disruption of electrical power transmission. A. A large computer.
D. Disruption of microwave radio links. B. A home video entertainment system.
C. A portable cassette player.
13. An ac electromagnet: D. A magnetic disk.
A. Will attract only other magnetized objects.
B. Will attract pure, unmagnetized iron. Test: Part one
C. Will repel other magnetized objects. 1. An application in which an analog meter would
D. Will either attract or repel permanent magnets, almost always be preferred over a digital meter
depending on the polarity. is:
A. A signal-strength indicator in a radio receiver.
14. An advantage of an electromagnet over a B. A meter that shows power-supply voltage.
permanent magnet is that: C. A utility watt-hour meter.
A. An electromagnet can be switched on and off. D. A clock.
B. An electromagnet does not have specific E. A device in which a direct numeric display is
polarity. wanted.
C. An electromagnet requires no power source.
D. Permanent magnets must always be 2. Which of the following statements is false?
cylindrical. A. The current in a series dc circuit is divided up
among the resistances.
15. A substance with high retentivity is best B. In a parallel dc circuit, the voltage is the same
suited for making: across each component.
A. An ac electromagnet. C. In a series dc circuit, the sum of the voltages
B. A dc electromagnet. across all the components, going once around a
C. An electrostatic shield. complete circle, is zero.
D. A permanent magnet. D. The net resistance of a parallel set of resistors
is less than the value of the smallest resistor.
16. A relay is connected into a circuit so that a E. The total power consumed in a series circuit is
device gets a signal only when the relay coil the sum of the wattages consumed by each of
carries current. The relay is probably: the components.
A. An ac relay.
B. A dc relay. 3. The ohm is a unit of:
C. Normally closed. A. Electrical charge quantity.
D. Normally open. B. The rate at which charge carriers flow.
C. Opposition to electrical current.
17. A device that reverses magnetic field polarity D. Electrical conductance.
to keep a dc motor rotating is: E. Potential difference.
A. A solenoid.
B. An armature coil. 4. A wiring diagram differs from a schematic
C. A commutator. diagram in that:
D. A field coil. A. A wiring diagram is less detailed.
B. A wiring diagram shows component values.
18. A high tape-recorder motor speed is generally C. A schematic does not show all the
used for: interconnections between the components.
A. Voices.

11
D. A schematic shows pictures of components, B. Amperes.
while a wiring diagram shows the electronic C. Decibels.
symbols. D. Watt hours.
E. A schematic shows the electronic symbols, E. Ohms.
while a wiring diagram shows pictures of the
components. 12. A charged atom is known as:
A. A molecule.
5. Which of the following is a good use, or place, B. An isotope.
for a wirewound resistor? C. An ion.
A. To dissipate a large amount of dc power. D. An electron.
B. In the input of a radio-frequency amplifier. E. A fundamental particle.
C. In the output of a radio-frequency amplifier.
D. In an antenna, to limit the transmitter power. 13. A battery delivers 12 V to a bulb. The current
E. Between ground and the chassis of a power in the bulb is 3 A. What is the resistance of the
supply. bulb?
A. 36 .
6. The number of protons in the nucleus of an B. 4 .
element is the: C. 0.25 .
A. Electron number. D. 108 .
B. Atomic number. E. 0.75 .
C. Valence number.
D. Charge number. 14. Peak values are always:
E. Proton number. A. Greater than average values.
B. Less than average values.
7. A hot-wire ammeter: C. Greater than or equal to average values.
A. Can measure ac as well as dc. D. Less than or equal to average values.
B. Registers current changes very fast. E. Fluctuating.
C. Can indicate very low voltages.
D. Measures electrical energy. 15. A resistor has a value of 680 ohms, and a
E. Works only when current flows in one direction. tolerance of plus or minus 5 percent. Which of the
following values indicates a reject?
8. Which of the following units indicates the rate A. 648 .
at which energy is expended?
B. 712 .
A. The volt.
C. 699 .
B. The ampere.
C. The coulomb. D. 636 .
D. The ampere hour. E. 707 .
E. The watt.
16. A primitive device for indicating the presence
9. Which of the following correctly states Ohm’s of an electric current is:
Law? A. An electrometer.
A. Volts equal amperes divided by ohms. B. A galvanometer.
B. Ohms equal amperes divided by volts. C. A voltmeter.
C. Amperes equal ohms divided by volts. D. A coulometer.
D. Amperes equal ohms times volts. E. A wattmeter.
E. Ohms equal volts divided by amperes.
17. A disadvantage of mercury cells is that they:
10. The current going into a point in a dc circuit is A. Pollute the environment when discarded.
always equal to the current: B. Supply less voltage than other cells.
A. Delivered by the power supply. C. Can reverse polarity unexpectedly.
B. Through any one of the resistances. D. Must be physically large.
C. Flowing out of that point. E. Must be kept right-side-up.
D. At any other point.
E. In any single branch of the circuit. 18. A battery supplies 6.0 V to a bulb rated at 12
W. How much current does the bulb draw?
11. A loudness meter in a hi-fi system is generally A. 2.0 A.
calibrated in: B. 0.5 A.
A. Volts. C. 72 A.

12
D. 40 mA. are 1, 2, and 3 . What is the current through the
E. 72 mA. 2-resistor?
A. 1 A.
19. Of the following, which is not a common use B. 3 A.
of a resistor? C. 12 A.
A. Biasing for a transistor. D. 24 A.
B. Voltage division. E. 72 A.
C. Current limiting.
D. Use as a “dummy” antenna. 26. A material that has extremely high electrical
E. Increasing the charge in a capacitor. resistance is known as:
A. A semiconductor.
20. When a charge builds up without a flow of B. A paraconductor.
current, the charge is said to be: C. An insulator.
A. Ionizing. D. A resistor.
B. Atomic. E. A diamagnetic substance.
C. Molecular.
D. Electronic. 27. Primary cells:
E. Static. A. Can be used over and over.
B. Have higher voltage than other types of cells.
21. The sum of the voltages, going around a dc C. All have exactly 1.500 V.
circuit, but not including the power supply, has: D. Cannot be recharged.
A. Equal value, and the same polarity, as the E. Are made of zinc and carbon.
supply.
B. A value that depends on the ratio of the 28. A rheostat:
resistances. A. Is used in high-voltage and/or high-power dc
C. Different value from, but the same polarity as, circuits.
the supply. B. Is ideal for tuning a radio receiver.
D. Equal value as, but opposite polarity from, the C. Is often used as a bleeder resistor.
supply. D. Is better than a potentiometer for low-power
E. Different value, and opposite polarity, from the audio.
supply. E. Offers the advantage of having no inductance.

22. A watt hour meter measures: 29. A voltage typical of a dry cell is:
A. Voltage. A. 12 V.
B. Current. B. 6 V.
C. Power. C. 1.5 V.
D. Energy. D. 117 V.
E. Charge. E. 0.15 V.

23. Every chemical element has its own unique 30. A geomagnetic storm:
type of particle, called its: A. Causes solar wind.
A. Molecule. B. Causes charged particles to bombard the
B. Electron. earth.
C. Proton. C. Can disrupt the earth’s magnetic field.
D. Atom. D. Ruins microwave communications.
E. Isotope. E. Has no effect near the earth’s poles.

24. An advantage of a magnetic disk over
magnetic tape for data storage is that:
A. Data is too closely packed on the tape.
B. The disk is immune to the effects of magnetic
fields.
C. Data storage and retrieval is faster on disk.
D. Disks store computer data in analog form.
E. Tapes cannot be used to store digital data.
25. A 6-V battery is connected across a series
combination of resistors. The resistance values
31. An advantage of an alkaline cell over a zinc-
carbon cell is that:
A. The alkaline cell provides more voltage.
B. The alkaline cell can be recharged.
C. An alkaline cell works at lower temperatures.
D. The alkaline cell is far less bulky for the same
amount of energy capacity.
E. There is no advantage of alkaline over zinc-
carbon cells.

13
32. A battery delivers 12 V across a set of six 4- 39. The purpose of a bleeder resistor is to:
resistors in a series voltage dividing A. Provide bias for a transistor.
combination. This provides six different voltages, B. Serve as a voltage divider.
differing by an increment of: C. Protect people against the danger of electric
A. 1/4 V. shock.
B. 1/3 V. D. Reduce the current in a power supply.
C. 1 V. E. Smooth out the ac ripple in a power supply.
D. 2 V.
E. 3 V. 40. A dc electromagnet:
A. Has constant polarity.
33. A unit of electrical charge quantity is the: B. Requires a core with high retentivity.
A. Volt. C. Will not attract or repel a permanent magnet.
B. Ampere. D. Has polarity that periodically reverses.
C. Watt. E. Cannot be used to permanently magnetize
D. Tesla. anything.
E. Coulomb.
41. The rate at which charge carriers flow is
34. A unit of sound volume is: measured in:
A. The volt per square meter. A. Amperes.
B. The volt. B. Coulombs.
C. The watt hour. C. Volts.
D. The decibel. D. Watts.
E. The ampere per square meter. E. Watt hours.

35. A 24-V battery is connected across a set of 42. A 12-V battery is connected to a set of three
four resistors in parallel. Each resistor has a value resistors in series. The resistance values are 1,2,
of 32 ohms. What is the total power dissipated by and 3 ohms. What is the voltage across the 3-
the resistors? resistor?
A. 0.19 W. A. 1 V.
B. 3 W. B. 2 V.
C. 192 W. C. 4 V.
D. 0.33 W. D. 6 V.
E. 72 W. E. 12 V.

36. The main difference between a “lantern” 43. Nine 90-ohm resistors are connected in a 3 3
battery and a “transistor” battery is: series-parallel network. The total resistance is:
A. The lantern battery has higher voltage. A. 10 .
B. The lantern battery has more energy capacity. B. 30 .
C. Lantern batteries cannot be used with C. 90 .
electronic devices such as transistor radios. D. 270 .
D. Lantern batteries can be recharged, but E. 810 .
transistor batteries cannot.
E. The lantern battery is more compact. 44. A device commonly used for remote switching
of wire communications signals is:
37. NICAD batteries are most extensively used: A. A solenoid.
A. In disposable flashlights. B. An electromagnet.
B. In large lanterns. C. A potentiometer.
C. As car batteries. D. A photovoltaic cell.
D. In handheld radio transceivers. E. A relay.
E. In remote garage-door-opener control boxes.
45. NICAD memory:
38. A voltmeter should have: A. Occurs often when NICADs are misused.
A. Very low internal resistance. B. Indicates that the cell or battery is dead.
B. Electrostatic plates. C. Does not occur very often.
C. A sensitive amplifier. D. Can cause a NICAD to explode.
D. High internal resistance. E. Causes NICADs to reverse polarity.
E. The highest possible full-scale value.

14
46. A 100-W bulb burns for 100 hours. It has
consumed: 3. On a spectrum analyzer, a pure ac signal,
A. 0.10 kWh. having just one frequency component,would look
B. 1.00 kWh. like:
C. 10.0 kWh. A. A single pip.
D. 100 kWh. B. A perfect sine wave.
E. 1000 kWh. C. A square wave.
D. A sawtooth wave.
47. A material with high permeability:
A. Increases magnetic field quantity. 4. The period of an ac wave is:
B. Is necessary if a coil is to produce a magnetic A. The same as the frequency.
field. B. Not related to the frequency.
C. Always has high retentivity. C. Equal to 1 divided by the frequency.
D. Concentrates magnetic lines of flux. D. Equal to the amplitude divided by the
E. Reduces flux density. frequency.

48. A chemical compound: 5. The sixth harmonic of an ac wave whose period

A. Consists of two or more atoms. is 0.001 second has a frequency of
B. Contains an unusual number of neutrons. A. 0.006 Hz.
C. Is technically the same as an ion. B. 167 Hz.
D. Has a shortage of electrons. C. 7 kHz.
E. Has an excess of electrons. D. 6 kHz.

49. A 6.00-V battery is connected to a parallel 6. A degree of phase represents:

combination of two resistors, whose values are A. 6.28 cycles.
8.00 and 12.0 . What is the power dissipated in B. 57.3 cycles.
the 8-resistor? C. 1/6.28 cycle.
A. 0.300 W. D. 1/360 cycle.
B. 0.750 W.
C. 1.25 W. 7. Two waves have the same frequency but differ
D. 1.80 W. in phase by 1/20 cycle. The phase difference in
E. 4.50 W. degrees is:
A. 18.
50. The main problem with a bar-graph meter is B. 20.
that: C. 36.
A. Is isn’t very sensitive. D. 5.73.
B. It isn’t stable.
C. It can’t give a very precise reading. 8. A signal has a frequency of 1770 Hz. The
D. You need special training to read it. angular frequency is:
E. It shows only peak values. A. 1770 radians per second.
B. 11,120 radians per second.
Part 2 Alternating current C. 282 radians per second.
Quiz (Alternating current basics) D. Impossible to determine from the data given.
1. Which of the following can vary with ac, but
not with dc? 9. A triangular wave:
A. Power. A. Has a fast rise time and a slow decay time.
B. Voltage. B. Has a slow rise time and a fast decay time.
C. Frequency. C. Has equal rise and decay rates.
D. Magnitude. D. Rises and falls abruptly.

2. The length of time between a point in one 10. Three-phase ac:

cycle and the same point in the next cycle of an A. Has waves that add up to three times the
ac wave is the: originals.
A. Frequency. B. Has three waves, all of the same magnitude.
B. Magnitude. C. Is what you get at a common wall outlet.
C. Period. D. Is of interest only to physicists.
D. Polarity.

15
11. If two waves have the same frequency and C. The type of natural energy source used.
the same amplitude, but opposite phase, the D. The speed of rotation of the coil or magnet.
composite wave is:
A. Twice the amplitude of either wave alone. 19. If a 175-V dc source were connected in series
B. Half the amplitude of either wave alone. with the utility mains from a standard wall outlet,
C. A complex waveform, but with the same the result would be:
frequency as the originals. A. Smooth dc.
D. Zero. B. Smooth ac.
C. Ac with one peak greater than the other.
12. If two waves have the same frequency and D Pulsating dc.
the same phase, the composite wave:
A. Has a magnitude equal to the difference 20. An advantage of ac over dc in utility
between the two originals. applications is:
B. Has a magnitude equal to the sum of the two A. Ac is easier to transform from one voltage to
originals. another.
C. Is complex, with the same frequency as the B. Ac is transmitted with lower loss in wires.
originals. C. Ac can be easily gotten from dc generators.
D. Is zero. D. Ac can be generated with less dangerous by-
products.
13. In a 117-V utility circuit, the peak voltage is:
A. 82.7 V. Quiz (Inductance)
B. 165 V. 1. An inductor works by:
C. 234 V. A. Charging a piece of wire.
D. 331 V. B. Storing energy as a magnetic field.
C. Choking off high-frequency ac.
14. In a 117-V utility circuit, the pk-pk voltage is: D. Introducing resistance into a circuit.
A. 82.7 V.
B. 165 V. 2. Which of the following does not affect the
C. 234 V. inductance of a coil?
D. 331 V. A. The diameter of the wire.
B. The number of turns.
15. In a perfect sine wave, the pk-pk value is: C. The type of core material.
A. Half the peak value. D. The length of the coil.
B. The same as the peak value.
C. 1.414 times the peak value. 3. In a small inductance:
D. Twice the peak value. A. Energy is stored and released slowly.
B. The current flow is always large.
16. If a 45-Vdc battery is connected in series with C. The current flow is always small.
the 117-V utility mains as shown in Fig. 9-15, the D. Energy is stored and released quickly.
peak voltages will be:
A. _ 210 V and _ 120 V. 4. A ferromagnetic core is placed in an inductor
B. _ 162 V and _ 72 V. mainly to:
C. _ 396 V and _ 286 V. A. Increase the current carrying capacity.
D. Both equal to 117 V. B. Increase the inductance.
9-15 Illustration for quiz question 16. C. Limit the current.
D. Reduce the inductance.
17. In the situation of question 16, the pk-pk
voltage will be: 5. Inductors in series, assuming there is no
A. 117 V. mutual inductance, combine:
B. 210 V. A. Like resistors in parallel.
C. 331 V. B. Like resistors in series.
D. 396 V. C. Like batteries in series with opposite polarities.
D. In a way unlike any other type of component.
18. Which one of the following does not affect the
power output available from a particular ac 6. Two inductors are connected in series, without
generator? mutual inductance. Their values are 33 mH and
A. The strength of the magnet. 55 mH. The net inductance of the combination is:
B. The number of turns in the coil. A. 1.8 H.

16
B. 22 mH. 13. If the fields in the previous situation oppose,
C. 88 mH. the net inductance will be:
D. 21 mH. A. 7.5 mH.
B. 132 mH.
7. If the same two inductors (33 mH and 55 mH) C. 190 mH.
are connected in parallel without mutual D. 260 mH.
inductance, the combination will have a value of:
A. 1.8 H. 14. With permeability tuning, moving the core
B. 22 mH. further into a solenoidal coil:
C. 88 mH. A. Increases the inductance.
D. 21 mH. B. Reduces the inductance
C. Has no effect on the inductance, but increases
8. Three inductors are connected in series without the current-carrying capacity of the coil.
mutual inductance. Their values are 4 nH, 140 H, D. Raises the frequency.
and 5 H. For practical purposes, the net
inductance will be very close to: 15. A significant advantage, in some situations, of
A. 4 nH. a toroidal coil over a solenoid is:
B. 140 H. A. The toroid is easier to wind.
C. 5 H. B. The solenoid cannot carry as much current.
D. None of these. C. The toroid is easier to tune.
D. The magnetic flux in a toroid is practically all
9. Suppose the three inductors mentioned above within the core.
are connected in parallel without mutual
inductance. The net inductance will be close to: 16. A major feature of a pot-core winding is:
A. 4 nH. A. High current capacity.
B. 140 H. B. Large inductance in small volume.
C. 5 H. C. Efficiency at very high frequencies.
D. None of these. D. Ease of inductance adjustment.

10. Two inductors, each of 100 H, are in series. 17. As an inductor core material, air:
The coefficient of coupling is 0.40. The net A. Has excellent efficiency.
inductance, if the coil fields reinforce each other, B. Has high permeability.
is: C. Allows large inductance in a small volume.
A. 50 H. D. Has permeability that can vary over a wide
B. 120 H. range.
C. 200 H.
18. At a frequency of 400 Hz, the most likely form
D. 280 H.
for an inductor would be:
A. Air-core.
11. If the coil fields oppose in the foregoing
B. Solenoidal.
series-connected arrangement, the net
C. Toroidal.
inductance is:
D. Transmission-line.
A. 50 H.
B. 120 H. 19. At a frequency of 95 MHz, the best form for
C. 200 H. an inductor would be:
D. 280 H. A. Air-core.
B. Pot core.
12. Two inductors, having values of 44 mH and 88 C. Either of the above.
mH, are connected in series with a coefficient of D. Neither of the above.
coupling equal to 1.0 (maximum possible mutual
inductance). If their fields reinforce, the net 20. A transmission-line inductor made from
inductance (to two significant digits) is: coaxial cable, having velocity factor of 0.66, and
A. 7.5 mH. working at 450 MHz, would be shorter than:
B. 132 mH. A. 16.7 m.
C. 190 mH. B. 11 m.
D. 260 mH. C. 16.7 cm.
D. 11 cm.

17
Quiz (Capacitance) C. 33 pF.
1. Capacitance acts to store electrical energy as: D. 19 pF.
A. Current.
B. Voltage. 10. Two capacitors are in parallel. Their values are
C. A magnetic field. 47 pF and 470 F. The combination capacitance
D. An electric field. is:
A. 47 pF.
2. As capacitor plate area increases, all other B. 517 pF.
things being equal: C. 517 F.
A. The capacitance increases. D. 470 F.
B. The capacitance decreases.
C. The capacitance does not change. 11. Three capacitors are in parallel. Their values
D. The voltage-handling ability increases. are 0.0200 F, 0.0500 F and 0.10000 F. The
total capacitance is:
3. As the spacing between plates in a capacitor is A. 0.0125 F.
made smaller, all other thingsbeing equal: B. 0.170 F.
A. The capacitance increases.
C. 0.1 F.
B. The capacitance decreases.
D. 0.125 F.
C. The capacitance does not change.
D. The voltage-handling ability increases.
12. Air works well as a dielectric mainly because
it:
4. A material with a high dielectric constant:
A. Has a high dielectric constant.
A. Acts to increase capacitance per unit volume.
B. Is not physically dense.
B. Acts to decrease capacitance per unit volume.
C. Has low loss.
C. Has no effect on capacitance.
D. Allows for large capacitance in a small volume.
D. Causes a capacitor to become polarized.
13. Which of the following is not a characteristic
5. A capacitance of 100 pF is the same as:
of mica capacitors?
A. 0.01 F.
A. High efficiency.
B. 0.001 F. B. Small size.
C. 0.0001 F. C. Capability to handle high voltages.
D. 0. 00001 F. D. Low loss.

6. A capacitance of 0.033 F is the same as: 14. A disk ceramic capacitor might have a value
A. 33 pF. of:
B. 330 pF. A. 100 pF.
C. 3300 pF. B. 33 F.
D. 33,000 pF. C. 470 F.
D. 10,000 F.
7. Five 0.050-F capacitors are connected in
parallel. The total capacitance is: 15. A paper capacitor might have a value of:
A. 0.010 F. A. 0.001 pF.
B. 0.25 F. B. 0.01 F.
C. 0.50 F. C. 100 F.
D. 0.025 F. D. 3300 F.

8. If the same five capacitors are connected in 16. An air-variable capacitor might have a range
series, the total capacitance will be: of:
A. 0.010 F. A. 0.01 F to 1 F.
B. 0.25 F. B. 1 F to 100 F.
C. 0.50 F. C. 1 pF to 100 pF.
D. 0.025 F. D. 0.001 pF to 0.1 pF.

9. Two capacitors are in series. Their values are 17. Which of the following types of capacitors is
47 pF and 33 pF. The composite value is: polarized?
A. 80 pF. A. Paper
B. 47 pF. B. Mica.

18
C. Interelectrode. with exactly the same wave again. This number
D. Electrolytic. is:
A. 90.
18. If a capacitor has a negative temperature B. 180.
coefficient: C. 270.
A. Its value decreases as the temperature rises. D. 360.
B. Its value increases as the temperature rises.
C. Its value does not change with temperature. 6. You can add or subtract a certain number of
D. It must be connected with the correct polarity. degrees of phase to or from a sine wave, and end
up with an inverted (upside-down) representation
19. A capacitor is rated at 33 pF, plus or minus 10 of the original. This number is:
percent. Which of the following capacitances is A. 90.
outside the acceptable range? B. 180.
A. 30 pF. C. 270.
B. 37 pF. D. 360.
C. 35 pF.
D. 31 pF. 7. A wave has a frequency of 300 kHz. One
complete cycle takes:
20. A capacitor, rated at 330 pF, shows an actual A. 1⁄300 second.
value of 317 pF. How many percent off is its B. 0.00333 second.
value? C. 1⁄3,000 second.
A. 0.039. D. 0.00000333 second.
B. 3.9.
C. 0.041. 8. If a wave has a frequency of 440 Hz, how long
D. 4.1. does it take for 10 degrees of phase?
A. 0.00273 second.
Quiz (Phase) B. 0.000273 second.
1. Which of the following is not a general C. 0.0000631 second.
characteristic of an ac wave? D. 0.00000631 second.
A. The wave shape is identical for each cycle.
B. The polarity reverses periodically. 9. Two waves are in phase coincidence. One has a
C. The electrons always flow in the same peak value of 3 V and the other a peak value of 5
direction. V. The resultant will be:
D. There is a definite frequency. A. 8 V peak, in phase with the composites.
B. 2 V peak, in phase with the composites.
2. A sine wave: C. 8 V peak, in phase opposition with respect to
A. Always has the same general appearance. the composites.
B. Has instantaneous rise and fall times. D. 2 V peak, in phase opposition with respect to
C. Is in the same phase as a cosine wave. the composites.
D. Rises very fast, but decays slowly.
10. Shifting the phase of an ac sine wave by 90
3. The derivative of a sine wave: degrees is the same thing as:
A. Is shifted in phase by 1⁄2 cycle from the sine A. Moving it to the right or left by a full cycle.
wave. B. Moving it to the right or left by 1⁄4 cycle.
B. Is a representation of the rate of change. C. Turning it upside-down.
C. Has instantaneous rise and fall times. D. Leaving it alone.
D. Rises very fast, but decays slowly.
11. A phase difference of 540 degrees would
4. A phase difference of 180 degrees in the more often be spoken of as:
circular model represents: A. An offset of more than one cycle.
A. 1/4 revolution. B. Phase opposition.
B. 1/2 revolution. C. A cycle and a half.
C. A full revolution. D. 1.5 Hz.
D. Two full revolutions.
12. Two sine waves are in phase opposition. Wave
5. You can add or subtract a certain number of X has a peak amplitude of 4 V and wave Y has a
degrees of phase to or from a wave, and end up peak amplitude of 8 V. The resultant has a peak
amplitude of:

19
A. 4 V, in phase with the composites. A. Movement to the right.
B. 4 V, out of phase with the composites. B. Movement to the left.
C. 4 V, in phase with wave X. C. Rotation counterclockwise.
D. 4 V, in phase with wave Y. D. Rotation clockwise.

13. If wave X leads wave Y by 45 degrees of Quiz (Inductive reactance).

phase, then: 1. As the number of turns in a coil increases, the
A. Wave Y is 1⁄4 cycle ahead of wave X. current in the coil will eventually:
B. Wave Y is 1⁄4 cycle behind wave X. A. Become very large.
C. Wave Y is 1⁄8 cycle behind wave X. B. Stay the same.
D. Wave Y is 1⁄16 cycle ahead of wave X. C. Decrease to near zero.
D. Be stored in the core material.
14. If wave X lags wave Y by 1⁄3 cycle, then:
A. Y is 120 degrees earlier than X. 2. As the number of turns in a coil increases, the
B. Y is 90 degrees earlier than X. reactance:
C. Y is 60 degrees earlier than X. A. Increases.
D. Y is 30 degrees earlier than X. B. Decreases.
C. Stays the same.
15. In the drawing of Fig. 12-12: D. Is stored in the core material.
A. X lags Y by 45 degrees.
B. X leads Y by 45 degrees. 3. As the frequency of an ac wave gets lower, the
C. X lags Y by 135 degrees. value of XL for a particular coil:
D. X leads Y by 135 degrees. A. Increases.
12-12 Illustration for quiz question 15. B. Decreases.
C. Stays the same.
16. Which of the drawings in Fig. 12-13 D. Depends on the voltage.
represents the situation of Fig. 12-12?
A. A. 4. A coil has an inductance of 100 mH. What is
B. B. the reactance at a frequency of 1000 Hz?
C. C. A. 0.628 .
D. D. B. 6.28 .
C. 62.8 .
17. In vector diagrams such as those of Fig. 12- D. 628 .
13, length of the vector represents:
A. Average amplitude. 5. A coil shows an inductive reactance of 200 at
B. Frequency. 500 Hz. What is its inductance?
C. Phase difference. A. 0.637 H.
D. Peak amplitude. B. 628 H.
12-13 Illustration for quiz questions 16 through C. 63.7 mH.
20. D. 628 mH.
18. In vector diagrams such as those of Fig. 12- 6. A coil has an inductance of 400 H. Its
13, the angle between two vectors represents:
reactance is 33 . What is the frequency?
A. Average amplitude.
A. 13 kHz.
B. Frequency.
B. 0.013 kHz.
C. Phase difference.
C. 83 kHz.
D. Peak amplitude.
D. 83 MHz.
19. In vector diagrams such as those of Fig. 12-
7. An inductor has XL _ 555 at f _ 132 kHz. What
13, the distance from the center of the graph
is L?
represents:
A. 670 mH.
A. Average amplitude.
B. Frequency. B. 670 H.
C. Phase difference. C. 460 mH.
D. Peak amplitude. D. 460 H.

20. In diagrams like those of Fig. 12-13, the 8. A coil has L _ 689 H at f _ 990 kHz. What is
progression of time is sometimes depicted as: XL?

20
A. 682 . 16. If the inductive reactance is the same as the
B. 4.28 . resistance in an RL circuit, the phase angle is:
C. 4.28 K. A. 0 degrees.
D. 4.28 M. B. 45 degrees.
C. 90 degrees.
9. An inductor has L _ 88 mH with XL _ 100 . D. Impossible to find; there’s not enough data
What is f? given.
A. 55.3 kHz.
B. 55.3 Hz. 17. In Fig. 13-14, the impedance shown is:
C. 181 kHz. A. 8.0.
D. 181 Hz. B. 90.
C. 90 _ j8.0.
10. Each point in the RL plane: D. 8.0 _ j90.
A. Corresponds to a unique resistance.
B. Corresponds to a unique inductance. 18. In Fig. 13-14, note that the R and XL scale
C. Corresponds to a unique combination of divisions are of different sizes. The phase angle
resistance and inductive reactance. is:
D. Corresponds to a unique combination of A. About 50 degrees, from the looks of it.
resistance and inductance. B. 48 degrees, as measured with a protractor.
C. 85 degrees, as calculated trigonometrically.
11. If the resistance R and the inductive D. 6.5 degrees, as calculated trigonometrically.
reactance XL both vary from zero to unlimited
values, but are always in the ratio 3:1, the points 19 An RL circuit consists of a 100-H inductor and
in the RL plane for all the resulting impedances a 100-resistor. What is the phase angle at a
will fall along: frequency of 200 kHz?
A. A vector pointing straight up. A. 45.0 degrees.
B. A vector pointing “east.” B. 51.5 degrees.
C. A circle. C. 38.5 degrees.
D. A ray of unlimited length. D. There isn’t enough data to know.

12. Each impedance R _ jXL: 20. An RL circuit has an inductance of 88 mH. The
A. Corresponds to a unique point in the RL plane. resistance is 95 . What is the phase angle at 800
B. Corresponds to a unique inductive reactance. Hz?
C. Corresponds to a unique resistance. A. 78 degrees.
D. All of the above. B. 12 degrees.
C. 43 degrees.
13. A vector is a quantity that has: D. 47 degrees.
A. Magnitude and direction. 13-14 Illustration for quiz questions 17 and 18.
B. Resistance and inductance.
C. Resistance and reactance. Quiz (Capacitive reactance)
D. Inductance and reactance. 1. As the size of the plates in a capacitor
increases, all other things being equal:
14. In an RL circuit, as the ratio of inductive A. The value of XC increases negatively.
reactance to resistance, XL/R, decreases, the B. The value of XC decreases negatively.
phase angle: C. The value of XC does not change.
A. Increases. D. You can’t say what happens to XC without
B. Decreases. more data.
C. Stays the same.
D. Cannot be found. 2. If the dielectric material between the plates of
a capacitor is changed, all other things being
15. In a purely reactive circuit, the phase angle is: equal:
A. Increasing. A. The value of XC increases negatively.
B. Decreasing. B. The value of XC decreases negatively.
C. 0 degrees. C. The value of XC does not change.
D. 90 degrees. D. You can’t say what happens to XC without
more data.

21
3. As the frequency of a wave gets lower, all D. Corresponds to a unique combination of
other things being equal, the value of XC for a resistance and reactance.
capacitor:
A. Increases negatively. 11 If R increases in an RC circuit, but XC is always
B. Decreases negatively. zero, then the vector in the RC plane will:
C. Does not change. A. Rotate clockwise.
D. Depends on the current. B. Rotate counterclockwise.
C. Always point straight towards the right.
4. A capacitor has a value of 330 pF. What is its D. Always point straight down.
capacitive reactance at a frequency of 800 kHz?
A. _1.66 . 12. If the resistance R increases in an RC circuit,
B. _0.00166 . but the capacitance and the frequency are
C. _603 . nonzero and constant, then the vector in the RC
D. _603 K. plane will:
A. Get longer and rotate clockwise.
5. A capacitor has a reactance of _4.50 at 377 B. Get longer and rotate counterclockwise.
Hz. What is its capacitance? C. Get shorter and rotate clockwise.
A. 9.39 F. D. Get shorter and rotate counterclockwise.
B. 93.9 F.
13. Each impedance R _ jXC:
C. 7.42 F.
A. Represents a unique combination of resistance
D. 74.2 F. and capacitance.
B. Represents a unique combination of resistance
6. A capacitor has a value of 47 F. Its reactance and reactance.
is _47 . What is the frequency? C. Represents a unique combination of resistance
A. 72 Hz. and frequency.
B. 7.2 MHz. D. All of the above.
C. 0.000072 Hz.
D. 7.2 Hz. 14. In an RC circuit, as the ratio of capacitive
reactance to resistance, _XC/R, gets closer to
7. A capacitor has XC__8800 at f _ 830 kHz. zero, the phase angle:
What is C? A. Gets closer to _90 degrees.
A. 2.18 F. B. Gets closer to 0 degrees.
B. 21.8 pF. C. Stays the same.
C. 0.00218 F. D. Cannot be found.
D. 2.18 pF.
15. In a purely resistive circuit, the phase angle
8. A capacitor has C _ 166 pF at f _ 400 kHz. What is:
is XC? A. Increasing.
A. _2.4 K . B. Decreasing.
B. _2.4 . C. 0 degrees.
C. _2.4 10_6 . D. _90 degrees.
D. _2.4 M .
16. If the ratio of XC/R is 1, the phase angle is:
9. A capacitor has C _ 4700 F and XC__33 . A. 0 degrees.
What is f? B. _45 degrees.
A. 1.0 Hz. C. _90 degrees.
B. 10 Hz. D. Impossible to find; there’s not enough data
C. 1.0 kHz. given.
D. 10 kHz.
17. In Fig. 14-13, the impedance shown is:
10. Each point in the RC plane: A. 8.02 _ j323.
A. Corresponds to a unique inductance. B. 323 _ j8.02.
B. Corresponds to a unique capacitance. C. 8.02 _ j323.
C. Corresponds to a unique combination of D. 323 _ j8.02.
resistance and capacitance. 14-13 Illustration for quiz questions 17 and 18.

22
18. In Fig. 14-13, note that the R and XC scale B. _42.
divisions are not the same size. The phase angle C. 30.
is D. _30.
A. 1.42 degrees.
B. About _60 degress, from the looks of it. 7. The impedance vector 5 _ j0 represents:
C._58.9 degrees. A. A pure resistance.
D. _88.6 degrees. B. A pure inductance.
C. A pure capacitance.
19. An RC circuit consists of a 150-pF capacitor D. An inductance combined with a capacitance.
and a 330 resisitor in series. What is the phase
angle at a frequency of 1.34 MHz? 8. The impedance vector 0 _ j22 represents:
A. –67.4 degrees. A. A pure resistance.
B. –22.6 degrees. B. A pure inductance.
C. –24.4 degrees. C. A pure capacitance.
D. –65.6 degrees. D. An inductance combined with a resistance.

20. An RC circuit has a capitance of 0.015 F. The 9. What is the absolute-value impedance of 3.0 _
resistance is 52 . What is the phase angle at 90 j6.0?
kHz? A. Z _ 9.0 .
A. –24 degrees. B. Z _ 3.0 .
B. –0.017 degrees. C. Z _ 45 .
C. –66 degrees. D. Z _ 6.7 .
D. None of the above.
10. What is the absolute-value impedance of 50 _
Quiz (Impedance and admittance) j235?
1. The square of an imaginary number: A. Z _ 240 .
A. Can never be negative. B. Z _ 58,000 .
B. Can never be positive. C. Z _ 285 .
C. Might be either positive or negative. D. Z__185 .
D. Is equal to j.
11. If the center conductor of a coaxial cable is
2. A complex number: made to have smaller diameter, all other things
A. Is the same thing as an imaginary number. being equal, what will happen to the Zo of the
B. Has a real part and an imaginary part. transmission line?
C. Is one-dimensional. A. It will increase.
D. Is a concept reserved for elite imaginations. B. It will decrease.
C. It will stay the same.
3. What is the sum of 3 _ j7 and _3 _ j7? D. There is no way to know.
A. 0 _ j0
B. 6 _ j14. 12. If a device is said to have an impedance of Z _
C. _6 _ j14. 100 , this would most often mean that:
D. 0 _ j14. A. R _ jX _ 100 _ j0.
B. R _ jX _ 0 _ j100.
4. What is (_ 5 _ j7) _ (4 _ j5)? C. R _ jX _ 0 _ j100.
A. _1 _ j2. D. You need to know more specific information.
B. _9 _ j2.
C. _1 _ j2. 13. A capacitor has a value of 0.050 μF at 665
D. _9 _ j12. kHz. What is the capacitive susceptance?
A. j4.79.
5. What is the product (_4 _ j7)(6 _ j2)? B. _j4.79.
A. 24 _ j14. C. j0. 209.
B. _38 _ j34. D. _j0. 209.
C. _24 – j14.
D. _24 _ j14. 14. An inductor has a value of 44 mH at 60 Hz.
What is the inductive susceptance?
6. What is the magnitude of the vector 18 _ j24? A.. _j0.060.
A. 42. B. j0.060.

23
C. _j17. C. 0 _ j467.
D. j17. D. 25 _ j100.

15. Susceptance and conductance add to form: 3. When R _ 0 in a series RLC circuit, but the net
A. Impedance. reactance is not zero, the impedance vector:
B. Inductance. A. Always points straight up.
C. Reactance. B. Always points straight down.
D. Admittance. C. Always points straight towards the right.
D. None of the above.
16. Absolute-value impedance is equal to the
square root of: 4. A resistor of 150 , a coil with reactance 100
A. G2 _B2 and a capacitor with reactance –200 are
B. R2 _ X2. connected in series. What is the complex
C. Zo. impedance R _ jX?
D. Y. A. 150 _ j100.
B. 150 _ j200.
17. Inductive susceptance is measured in: C. 100 _ j200.
A. Ohms. D. 150 _ j100.
B. Henrys.
C. Farads. 5. A resistor of 330 , a coil of 1.00 μH and a
D. Siemens. capacitor of 200 pF are in series. What is R _ jX at
10.0 MHz?
18. Capacitive susceptance is: A. 330 _ j199.
A. Positive and real valued. B. 300 _ j201.
B. Negative and real valued. Qiiz 301
C. Positive and imaginary. C. 300 _ j142.
D. Negative and imaginary. D. 330 _ j16.8.

19. Which of the following is false? 6. A coil has an inductance of 3.00 μH and a
A. BC _ 1/XC. resistance of 10.0 in its winding. A capacitor of
B. Complex impedance can be depicted as a 100 pF is in series with this coil. What is R _ jX at
vector. 10.0 MHz?
C. Characteristic impedance is complex. A. 10 _ j3.00.
D. G _ 1/R. B. 10 _ j29.2.
C. 10 _ j97.
20. In general, the greater the absolute value of D. 10 _ j348.
the impedance in a circuit:
A. The greater the flow of alternating current. 7. A coil has a reactance of 4.00 . What is the
B. The less the flow of alternating current. admittance vector, G _ jB, assuming nothing else
C. The larger the reactance. is in the circuit?
D. The larger the resistance. A. 0 _ j0.25.
B. 0 _ j4.00.
Quiz (RLC circuit analysis) C. 0 – j0.25.
1. A coil and capacitor are connected in series. D. 0 _ j4.00.
The inductive reactance is 250 , and the
capacitive reactance is _300 . What is the net 8. What will happen to the susceptance of a
impedance vector, R _ jX? capacitor if the frequency is doubled, all other
A. 0 _ j550. things being equal?
B. 0 _ j50. A. It will decrease to half its former value.
C. 250 _ j300 B. It will not change.
D. _300 _ j250. C. It will double.
D. It will quadruple.
2. A coil of 25.0 μH and capacitor of 100 pF are
connected in series. The frequency is 5.00 MHz. 9. A coil and capacitor are in parallel, with
What is the impedance vector, R _ jX? jBL__j0.05 and jBC _ j0.03. What is the
A 0 _ j467. admittance vector, assuming that nothing is in
B. 25 _ j100. series or parallel with these components?

24
A. 0 _ j0.02. 16. A resistor of 51.0 , an inductor of 22.0 μH
B. 0 _ j0.07. and a capacitor of 150 pF are in parallel. The
C. 0 _ j0.02. frequency is 1.00 MHz. What is the complex
D. _0.05 _ j0.03. impedance, R _ jX?
A. 51.0 _ j14.9.
10. A coil, resistor, and capacitor are in parallel. B. 51.0 _ j14.9.
The resistance is 1 ; the capacitive susceptance C. 46.2 _ j14.9.
is 1.0 siemens; the inductive susceptance is _1.0 D. 46.2 _ j14.9.
siemens. Then the frequency is cut to half its
former value. What will be the admittance 17. A series circuit has 99.0 of resistance and
vector, G _ jB, at the new frequency? 88.0 of inductive reactance. An ac rms voltage
A. 1 _ j0. of 117 V is applied to this series network. What is
B. 1 _ jl.5. the current?
C. 1 _ jl.5. A. 1.18 A.
D. 1 – j2. B. 1.13 A.
C. 0.886 A.
11. A coil of 3.50 μH and a capacitor of 47.0 pF D. 0.846 A.
are in parallel. The frequency is 9.55 MHz. There
is nothing else in series or parallel with these 18. What is the voltage across the reactance in
components. What is the admittance vector? the above example?
A. 0 _ j0.00282. A. 78.0 V.
B. 0 – j0.00194. B. 55.1 V.
C. 0 _ j0.00194. C. 99.4 V.
D. 0 – j0.00758. D. 74.4 V.

12. A vector pointing “southeast” in the GB plane 19. A parallel circuit has 10 ohms of resistance
would indicate the following: and 15 of reactance. An ac rms voltage of 20 V
A. Pure conductance, zero susceptance. is applied across it. What is the total current?
B. Conductance and inductive susceptance. A. 2.00 A.
C. Conductance and capacitive susceptance. B. 2.40 A.
D. Pure susceptance, zero conductance. C. 1.33 A.
D. 0.800 A.
13. A resistor of 0.0044 siemens, a capacitor
whose susceptance is 0.035 siemens, and a coil 20. What is the current through the resistance in
whose susceptance is _0.011 siemens are all the above example?
connected in parallel. The admittance vector is: A. 2.00 A.
A. 0.0044 _ j0.024. B. 2.40 A.
B. 0.035 – j0.011. C. 1.33 A.
C. _0.011 _ j0.035. D. 0.800 A.
D. 0.0044 _ j0.046.
Quiz (Power and resonance in ac circuits)
14. A resistor of 100 , a coil of 4.50 μH, and a 1. The power in a reactance is:
capacitor of 220 pF are in parallel. What is the A. Radiated power.
admittance vector at 6.50 MHz? B. True power.
A. 100 _ j0.00354. C. Imaginary power.
B. 0.010 _ j0.00354. D. Apparent power.
C. 100 – j0.0144. 17-14 A half-wave dipole antenna.
D. 0.010 _ j0.0144.
2. Which of the following is not an example of
15. The admittance for a circuit, G _ jB, is 0.02 _ true power?
j0.20. What is the impedance, R _jX? A. Power that heats a resistor.
A. 50 _ j5.0. B. Power radiated from an antenna.
B. 0.495 _ j4.95. C. Power in a capacitor.
C. 50 _ j5.0. D. Heat loss in a feed line.
D. 0.495 _ j4.95.

25
3. The apparent power in a circuit is 100 watts, C. 71 .
and the imaginary power is 40 watts. The true D. It can’t be calculated from this data.
power is:
A. 92 watts. 11. Which of the following is the most important
B. 100 watts. consideration in a transmission line?
C. 140 watts. A. The characteristic impedance.
D. Not determinable from this information. B. The resistance.
C. Minimizing the loss.
4.Power factor is equal to: D. The VA power.
A. Apparent power divided by true power.
B. Imaginary power divided by apparent power. 12. Which of the following does not increase the
C. Imaginary power divided by true power. loss in a transmission line?
D. True power divided by apparent power. A. Reducing the power output of the source.
B. Increasing the degree of mismatch between
5. A circuit has a resistance of 300 W and an the line and the load.
inductance of 13.5 μH in series at 10.0 MHz. What C. Reducing the diameter of the line conductors.
is the power factor? D. Raising the frequency.
A. 0.334.
B. 0.999. 13. A problem that standing waves can cause is:
C. 0.595. A. Feed line overheating.
D. It can’t be found from the data given. B. Excessive power loss.
C. Inaccuracy in power measurement.
6. A series circuit has Z _ 88.4 , with R _ 50.0 . D. All of the above.
What is PF?
A. 99.9 percent. 14. A coil and capacitor are in series. The
B. 56.6 percent. inductance is 88 mH and the capacitance is 1000
C. 60.5 percent. pF. What is the resonant frequency?
D. 29.5 percent. A. 17 kHz.
B. 540 Hz.
7. A series circuit has R _ 53.5 and X _ 75.5 . C. 17 MHz.
What is PF? D. 540 kHz.
A. 70.9 percent.
B. 81.6 percent. 15. A coil and capacitor are in parallel, with L _
C. 57.8 percent. 10.0 μH and C _ 10 pF. What is fo?
D. 63.2 percent. A. 15.9 kHz.
B. 5.04 MHz.
8. Phase angle is equal to: C. 15.9 MHz.
A. Arctan Z/R. D. 50.4 MHz.
B. Arctan R/Z.
C. Arctan R/X. 16. A series-resonant circuit is to be made for
D. Arctan X/R. 14.1 MHz. A coil of 13.5 μH is available. What size
capacitor is needed?
9. A wattmeter shows 220 watts of VA power in a A. 0.945 μF.
circuit. There is a resistance of 50 in series with B. 9.45 pF.
a capacitive reactance of −20 . What is the true C. 94.5 pF.
power? D. 945 pF.
A. 237 watts.
B. 204 watts. 17. A parallel-resonant circuit is to be made for
C. 88.0 watts. 21.3 MHz. A capacitor of 22.0 pF is available.
D. 81.6 watts. What size coil is needed?
A. 2.54 mH.
10. A wattmeter shows 57 watts of VA power in a B. 254 μH.
circuit. The resistance is known to be 50 , and C. 25.4 μH.
the true power is known to be 40 watts. What is D. 2.54 μH.
the absolute-value impedance?
A. 50 . 18. A 1/4-wave line section is made for 21.1 MHz,
B. 57 . using cable with a velocity factor of 0.800. How
many meters long is it?

26
A. 11.1 m. B. A step-down unit.
B. 3.55 m. C. Neither step-up nor step-down.
C. 8.87 m. D. A reversible unit.
D. 2.84 m.
6. Which of the following is false, concerning air
19. The fourth harmonic of 800 kHz is: cores versus ferromagnetic cores?
A. 200 kHz. A. Air concentrates the magnetic lines of flux.
B. 400 kHz. B. Air works at higher frequencies than
C. 3.20 MHz. ferromagnetics.
D. 4.00 MHz. C. Ferromagnetics are lossier than air.
D. A ferromagnetic-core unit needs fewer turns of
20. How long is a 1/2-wave dipole for 3.60 MHz? wire than an equivalent air-core unit.
A. 130 feet.
B. 1680 feet. 7. Eddy currents cause:
C. 39.7 feet. A. An increase in efficiency.
D. 515 feet. B. An increase in coupling between windings.
C. An increase in core loss.
Quiz (Transformers and impedance D. An increase in usable frequency range.
matching)
1. In a step-up transformer: 8. A transformer has 117 V rms across its primary
A. The primary impedance is greater than the and 234 V rms across its secondary. If this unit is
secondary impedance. reversed, assuming it can be done without
B. The secondary winding is right on top of the damaging the windings, what will be the voltage
primary. at the output?
C. The primary voltage is less than the secondary A. 234 V.
voltage. B. 468 V.
D. All of the above. C. 117 V.
D. 58.5 V.
2. The capacitance between the primary and the
secondary windings of a transformer can be 9. The shell method of transformer winding:
minimized by: A. Provides maximum coupling.
A. Placing the windings on opposite sides of a B. Minimizes capacitance between windings.
toroidal core. C. Withstands more voltage than other winding
B. Winding the secondary right on top of the methods.
primary. D. Has windings far apart but along a common
C. Using the highest possible frequency. axis.
D. Using a center tap on the balanced winding.
10. Which of these core types, in general, is best
3. A transformer steps a voltage down from 117 V if you need a winding inductance of 1.5 H?
to 6.00 V. What is its primary-to-secondary turns A. Air core.
ratio? B. Ferromagnetic solenoid core.
A. 1:380. C. Ferromagnetic toroid core.
B. 380:1. D. Ferromagnetic pot core.
C. 1:19.5.
D. 19.5:1. 11. An advantage of a toroid core over a solenoid
core is:
4. A step-up transformer has a primary-to- A. The toroid works at higher frequencies.
secondary turns ratio of 1:5.00. If 117V rms B. The toroid confines the magnetic flux.
appears at the primary, what is the rms voltage C. The toroid can work for dc as well as for ac.
across the secondary? D. It’s easier to wind the turns on a toroid.
A. 23.4 V.
B. 585 V. 12. High voltage is used in long-distance power
C. 117 V. transmission because:
D. 2.93 kV. A. It is easier to regulate than low voltage.
B. The I2R losses are lower.
5. A transformer has a secondary-to-primary C. The electromagnetic fields are stronger.
turns ratio of 0.167. This transformer is: D. Smaller transformers can be used.
A. A step-up unit.

27
13. In a household circuit, the 234-V power has: B. There will be an impedance mismatch, no
A. One phase. matter what the turns ratio of the transformer.
B. Two phases. C. A center tap must be used at the secondary.
C. Three phases. D. The turns ratio must be changed to obtain a
D. Four phases. match.

14. In a transformer, a center tap would probably

be found in: Test: Part two
A. The primary winding. 1. A series circuit has a resistance of 100 and a
B. The secondary winding. capacitive reactance of -200 . The complex
C. The unbalanced winding. impedance is:
D. The balanced winding. A. _200 _ j100.
B. 100 _ j200.
15. An autotransformer: C. 200 _ j100.
A. Works automatically. D. 200 _ j100.
B. Has a center-tapped secondary. E. 100 _ j200.
C. Has one tapped winding.
D. Is useful only for impedance matching. 2. Mutual inductance causes the net value of a
set of coils to:
16. A transformer has a primary-to-secondary A. Cancel out, resulting in zero inductance.
turns ratio of 2.00:1. The input impedance is 300 B. Be greater than what it would be with no
resistive. What is the output impedance? mutual coupling.
A. 75 . C. Be less than what it would be with no mutual
B. 150 . coupling.
C. 600 . D. Double.
D. 1200 . E. Vary, depending on the extent and phase of
mutual coupling.
17. A resistive input impedance of 50 must be
matched to a resistive output impedance of 450 3. Refer to Fig. TEST 2-1. Wave A is:
. The primary-to-secondary turns ratio of the A. Leading wave B by 90 degrees.
transformer must be: B. Lagging wave B by 90 degrees.
A. 9.00:1. C. Leading wave B by 180 degrees.
B. 3.00:1. D. Lagging wave B by 135 degrees.
C. 1:3.00.
D. 1:9.00. 4. A sine wave has a peak value of 30.0 V. Its rms
value is:
18. A quarter-wave matching section has a A. 21.2 V.
characteristic impedance of 75.0 . The input B. 30.0 V.
C. 42.4 V.
impedance is 50.0 resistive. What is the
D. 60.0 V.
resistive output impedance?
E. 90.0 V.
A. 150 .
B. 125 . 5. Four capacitors are connected in parallel. Their
C. 100 . values are 100 pF each. The net capacitance is:
D. 113 . A. 25 pF.
B. 50 pF.
19. A resistive impedance of 75 must be C. 100 pF.
matched to a resistive impedance of 300 . A D. 200 pF.
quarter-wave section would need: E. 400 pF.
A. Zo _ 188 .
B. Zo_ 150 . 6. A transformer has a primary-to-secondary
C. Zo _ 225 . turns ratio of exactly 8.88:1. The input voltage is
D. Zo _ 375 . 234 V rms. The output voltage is:
A. 2.08 kV rms.
20. If there is reactance at the output of an B. 18.5 kV rms.
impedance transformer: C. 2.97 V rms.
A. The circuit will not work. D. 26.4 V rms.

28
E. 20.8 V rms. 13. A complex impedance is represented by 34
−j23. The absolute-value impedance is:
7. In a series RL circuit, as the resistance A. 34 .
becomes small compared with the reactance, the B. 11 .
angle of lag approaches: C. _23 .
A. 0 degrees. D. 41 .
TEST 2-1 Illustration for PART TWO test question E. 57 .
3.
E. Lagging wave B by 45 degrees. 14. A coil has an inductance of 750 μH. The
B. 45 degrees. inductive reactance at 100 kHz is:
C. 90 degrees.
A. 75.0 .
D. 180 degrees.
B. 75.0 k.
E. 360 degrees.
C. 471 .
8. A transmission line carries 3.50 A of ac current D. 47.1 k.
and 150 V ac. The true power in the line is: E. 212 .
A. 525 W.
B. 42.9 W. 15. Two waves are 180 degrees out of phase. This
C. 1.84 W. is a difference of:
D. Meaningless; true power is dissipated, not A. 1/8 cycle.
transmitted. B. 1/4 cycle.
E. Variable, depending on standing wave effects. C. 1/2 cycle.
D. A full cycle.
9. In a parallel configuration, susceptances: E. Two full cycles.
A. Simply add up.
B. Add like capacitances in series. 16. If R denotes resistance and Z denotes
C. Add like inductances in parallel. absolute-value impedance, then R/Z is the:
D. Must be changed to reactances before you can A. True power.
work with them. B. Imaginary power.
E. Cancel out. C. Apparent power.
D. Absolute-value power.
10. A wave has a frequency of 200 kHz. How E. Power factor.
many degrees of phase change occur in a
microsecond (a millionth of a second)? 17. Two complex impedances are in series. One is
A. 180 degrees. 30 j50 and the other is 50 −j30. The net
B. 144 degrees. impedance is:
C. 120 degrees. A. 80 j80.
D. 90 degrees. B. 20 j20.
E. 72 degrees. C. 20 _ j20.
D. _20 j20.
11. At a frequency of 2.55 MHz, a 330-pF E. 80 j20.
capacitor has a reactance of:
A. −5.28 . 18. Two inductors, having values of 140 μH and
B. −0.00528 . 1.50 mH, are connected in series. The net
C. −189 . inductance is:
D. −18.9k . A. 141.5 μH.
E. −0.000189 . B. 1.64 μH.
C. 0.1415 mH.
12. A transformer has a step-up turns ratio of D. 1.64 mH.
1:3.16. The output impedance is 499purely E. 0.164 mH.
resistive. The input impedance is:
A. 50.0 . 19. Which of the following types of capacitor is
polarized?
B. 158 .
A. Mica.
C. 1.58k .
B. Paper.
D. 4.98k . C. Electrolytic.
E. Not determinable from the data given. D. Air variable.
E. Ceramic.

29

20. A toroidal-core coil:
A. Has lower inductance than an air-core coil with
the same number of turns.
B. Is essentially self-shielding.
C. Works well as a loopstick antenna.
D. Is ideal as a transmission-line transformer.
E. Cannot be used at frequencies below about 10
MHz.
21. The efficiency of a generator:
A. Depends on the driving power source.
B. Is equal to output power divided by driving
power.
C. Depends on the nature of the load.
D. Is equal to driving voltage divided by output
voltage.
E. Is equal to driving current divided by output
current.
22. Admittance is:
A. The reciprocal of reactance.
B. The reciprocal of resistance.
C. A measure of the opposition a circuit offers to
ac.
D. A measure of the ease with which a circuit
passes ac.
E. Another expression for absolute-value
impedance.
23. The absolute-value impedance Z of a parallel
RLC circuit, where R is the resistance and X is the
net reactance, is found according to the formula:
A. Z _ R X.
B. Z2_ R2 X2.
C. Z2_ RX/(R2 X2).
D. Z _ 1/(R2 X2).
E. Z _ R2X2/(R X).
24. Complex numbers are used to represent
impedance because:
A. Reactance cannot store power.
B. Reactance isn’t a real physical thing.
C. They provide a way to represent what happens
in resistance-reactance circuits.
D. Engineers like to work with sophisticated
mathematics.
E. No! Complex numbers aren’t used to represent
impedance.
25. Which of the following does not affect the
capacitance of a capacitor?
A. The mutual surface area of the plates.
B. The dielectric constant of the material between
the plates (within reason).
C. The spacing between the plates (within
reason).
30
D. The amount of overlap between plates.
E. The frequency (within reason).
26. The zero-degree phase point in an ac sine
wave is usually considered to be the instant at
which the amplitude is:
A. Zero and negative-going.
B. At its negative peak.
C. Zero and positive-going.
D. At its positive peak.
E. Any value; it doesn’t matter.
27. The inductance of a coil can be continuously
varied by:
A. Varying the frequency.
B. Varying the net core permeability.
C. Varying the current in the coil.
D. Varying the wavelength.
E. Varying the voltage across the coil.
28. Power factor is defined as the ratio of:
A. True power to VA power.
B. True power to imaginary power.
C. Imaginary power to VA power.
D. Imaginary power to true power.
E. VA power to true power.
29. A 50 feed line needs to be matched to an
antenna with a purely resistive impedance of 200
. A quarter-wave matching section should have:
A. Zo _ 150 .
B. Zo _ 250 .
C. Zo _ 125 .
D. Zo _ 133 .
E. Zo _ 100 .
30. The vector 40 j30 represents:
A. 40 resistance and 30 μH inductance.
B. 40 uH inductance and 30 resistance.
C. 40 resistance and 30 inductive reactance.
D. 40 inductive reactance and 30 resistance.
E. 40 uH inductive reactance and 30 resistance.
31. In a series RC circuit, where, R _ 300 and XC
_ −30 :
A. The current leads the voltage by a few
degrees.
B. The current leads the voltage by almost 90
degrees.
C. The voltage leads the current by a few
degrees.
D. The voltage leads the current by almost 90
degrees.
E. The voltage leads the current by 90 degrees.
32. In a step-down transformer:
A. The primary voltage is greater than the D. 22 μF.
secondary voltage. E. Not determinable from the data given.
B. The primary impedance is less than the
secondary impedance. 39. The reactance of a section of transmission
C. The secondary voltage is greater than the line depends on all of the following except:
primary voltage. A. The velocity factor of the line.
D. The output frequency is higher than the input B. The length of the section.
frequency. C. The current in the line.
E. The output frequency is lower than the input D. The frequency.
frequency. E. The wavelength.

33. A capacitor of 470 pF is in parallel with an 40. When confronted with a parallel RLC circuit
inductor of 4.44 μH. What is the resonant and you need to find the complex impedance:
frequency? A. Just add the resistance and reactance to get R
A. 3.49 MHz. jX.
B. 3.49 kHz. B. Find the net conductance and susceptance,
C. 13.0 MHz. then convert to resistance and reactance, and
D. 13.0 GHz. add these to get R jX.
E. Not determinable from the data given. C. Find the net conductance and susceptance,
and just add these together to get R jX.
34. A sine wave contains energy at: D. Rearrange the components so they’re in series,
A. Just one frequency. and find the complex impedance of that circuit.
B. A frequency and its even harmonics. E. Subtract reactance from resistance to get R
C. A frequency and its odd harmonics. −jX.
D. A frequency and all its harmonics.
E. A frequency and its second harmonic only. 41. The illustration in Fig. Test 2-2 shows a vector
R jX representing:
35. Inductive susceptance is: A. XC _ 60 and R _ 25 .
A. The reciprocal of inductance.
B. XL _ 60 and R _ 25 .
B. Negative imaginary.
C. XL _ 60 μH and R _ 25 .
C. Equal to capacitive reactance.
D. The reciprocal of capacitive susceptance. D. C _ 60 μF and R _ 25 .
E. A measure of the opposition a coil offers to ac. E. L _ 60 μH and R _ 25 .
TEST 2-2 Illustration for PART TWO test question
36. The rate of change (derivative) of a sine wave 41.
is itself a wave that:
A. Is in phase with the original wave. 42. If two sine waves have the same frequency
B. Is 180 degrees out of phase with the original and the same amplitude, but they cancel out, the
wave. phase difference is:
C. Leads the original wave by 45 degrees of A. 45 degrees.
phase. B. 90 degrees.
D. Lags the original wave by 90 degrees of phase. C. 180 degrees.
E. Leads the original wave by 90 degrees of D. 270 degrees.
phase. E. 360 degrees.

37. True power is equal to: 43. A series circuit has a resistance of 50 and a
A. VA power plus imaginary power. capacitive reactance of −37 . The phase angle is:
B. Imaginary power minus VA power. A. 37 degrees.
C. Vector difference of VA and reactive power. B. 53 degrees.
D. VA power; the two are the same thing. C. −37 degrees.
E. 0.707 times the VA power. D. −53 degrees.
E. Not determinable from the data given.
38. Three capacitors are connected in series.
Their values are 47 μF, 68 μF, and 100 μF. The 44. A 200-resistor is in series with a coil and
total capacitance is: capacitor; XL _ 200 and XC _−100 . The
A. 215 μF. complex impedance is:
B. Between 68 μF and 100 μF. A. 200 −j100.
C. Between 47 μF and 68 μF.

31
B. 200 −j200. Quiz (Introduction to semiconductors)
C. 200 j100. 1. The term “semiconductor” arises from:
D. 200 j200. A. Resistor-like properties of metal oxides.
E. Not determinable from the data given. B. Variable conductive properties of some
materials.
45. The characteristic impedance of a C. The fact that there’s nothing better to call
transmission line: silicon.
A. Is negative imaginary. D. Insulating properties of silicon and GaAs.
B. Is positive imaginary.
C. Depends on the frequency. 2. Which of the following is not an advantage of
D. Depends on the construction of the line. semiconductor devices over vacuum tubes?
E. Depends on the length of the line. A. Smaller size.
B. Lower working voltage.
46. The period of a wave is 2 _ 10−8 second. The C. Lighter weight.
frequency is: D. Ability to withstand high voltages.
A. 2 _ 108 Hz.
B. 20 MHz. 3. The most common semiconductor among the
C. 50 kHz. following substances is:
D. 50 MHz. A. Germanium.
E. 500 MHz. B. Galena.
C. Silicon.
47. A series circuit has a resistance of 600 and D. Copper.
a capacitance of 220 pF. The
phase angle is: 4. GaAs is a(n):
A. −20 degrees. A. Compound.
B. 20 degrees. B. Element.
C. Conductor.
C. −70 degrees.
D. Gas.
D. 70 degrees.
E. Not determinable from the data given.
5. A disadvantage of gallium-arsenide devices is
that:
48. A capacitor with a negative temperature
A. The charge carriers move fast.
coefficient:
B. The material does not react to ionizing
A. Works less well as the temperature increases.
radiation.
B. Works better as the temperature increases.
C. It is expensive to produce.
C. Heats up as its value is made larger.
D. It must be used at high frequencies.
D. Cools down as its value is made larger.
E. Has increasing capacitance as temperature
6. Selenium works especially well in:
goes down.
A. Photocells.
B. High-frequency detectors.
49. Three coils are connected in parallel. Each
C. Radio-frequency power amplifiers.
has an inductance of 300μH. There
D. Voltage regulators.
is no mutual inductance. The net inductance is:
A. 100 μH.
7. Of the following, which material allows the
B. 300 μH.
lowest forward voltage drop in a diode?
C. 900 μH.
A. Selenium.
D. 17.3 μH.
B. Silicon.
E. 173 μH.
C. Copper.
D. Germanium.
50. An inductor shows 100 of reactance at 30.0
MHz. What is its inductance?
8. A CMOS integrated circuit:
A. 0.531 μH.
A. Can only work at low frequencies.
B. 18.8 mH.
B. Is susceptible to damage by static.
C. 531 μH.
C. Requires considerable power to function.
D. 18.8 μH.
D. Needs very high voltage.
E. It can’t be found from the data given.
9. The purpose of doping is to:
Part 3 Basic electronics
A. Make the charge carriers move faster.

32
B. Cause holes to flow. A. The frequency.
C. Give a semiconductor material certain B. The width of the depletion region.
properties. C. The cross-sectional area of the junction.
D. Protect devices from damage in case of D. The type of semiconductor material.
transients.
18. If the reverse bias exceeds the avalanche
10. A semiconductor material is made into N type voltage in a P-N junction:
by: A. The junction will be destroyed.
A. Adding an acceptor impurity. B. The junction will insulate; no current will flow.
B. Adding a donor impurity. C. The junction will conduct current.
C. Injecting electrons. D. The capacitance will become extremely high.
D. Taking electrons away. 19. Avalanche voltage is routinely exceeded when
a P-N junction acts as a:
11. Which of the following does not result from A. Current rectifier.
adding an acceptor impurity? B. Variable resistor.
A. The material becomes P type. C. Variable capacitor.
B. Current flows mainly in the form of holes. D. Voltage regulator.
C. Most of the carriers have positive electric
charge. 20. An unimportant factor concerning the
D. The substance has an electron surplus. frequency at which a P-N junction will work
effectively is:
12. In a P-type material, electrons are: A. The type of semiconductor material.
A. Majority carriers. B. The cross-sectional area of the junction.
B. Minority carriers. C. The reverse current.
C. Positively charged. D. The capacitance with reverse bias.
D. Entirely absent.
Quiz (Some uses of diodes).
13. Holes flow from: 1. When a diode is forward-biased, the anode:
A. Minus to plus. A. Is negative relative to the cathode.
B. Plus to minus. B. Is positive relative to the cathode.
C. P-type to N-type material. C. Is at the same voltage as the cathode.
D. N-type to P-type material. D. Alternates between positive and negative
relative to the cathode.
14. When a P-N junction does not conduct, it is:
A. Reverse biased. 2. If ac is applied to a diode, and the peak ac
B. Forward biased. voltage never exceeds the avalanche voltage,
C. Biased past the breaker voltage. then the output is:
D. In a state of avalanche effect. A. Ac with half the frequency of the input.
B. Ac with the same frequency as the input.
15. Holes flow the opposite way from electrons C. Ac with twice the frequency of the input.
because: D. None of the above.
A. Charge carriers flow continuously.
B. Charge carriers are passed from atom to atom. 3. A crystal set:
C. They have the same polarity. A. Can be used to transmit radio signals.
D. No! Holes flow in the same direction as B. Requires a battery with long life.
electrons. C. Requires no battery.
D. Is useful for rectifying 60-Hz ac.
16. If an electron has a charge of _1 unit, a hole
has: 4. A diode detector:
A. A charge of _1 unit. A. Is used in power supplies.
B. No charge. B. Is employed in some radio receivers.
C. A charge of +1 unit. C. Is used commonly in high-power radio
D. A charge that depends on the semiconductor transmitters.
type. D. Changes dc into ac.

17. When a P-N junction is reverse-biased, the 5. If the output wave in a circuit has the same
capacitance depends on all of the following shape as the input wave, then:
except: A. The circuit is linear.

33
B. The circuit is said to be detecting. A. Communications device.
C. The circuit is a mixer. B. Radio detector.
D. The circuit is a rectifier. C. Rectifier.
D. Signal mixer.
6. The two input frequencies of a mixer circuit are
3.522 MHz and 3.977 MHz. Which of the following 15. The most likely place you would find an LED
frequencies might be used at the output? would be:
A. 455 kHz. A. In a rectifier circuit.
B. 886 kHz. B. In a mixer circuit.
C. 14.00 MHz. C. In a digital frequency display.
D. 1.129 MHz. D. In an oscillator circuit.

7. A time-domain display might be found in: 16. Coherent radiation is produced by a:

A. An ammeter. A. Gunn diode.
B. A spectrum analyzer. B. Varactor diode.
C. A digital voltmeter. C. Rectifier diode.
D. An oscilloscope. D. Laser diode.

8. Zener voltage is also known as: 17. You want a circuit to be stable with a variety
A. Forward breakover voltage. of amplifier impedance conditions. You might
B. Peak forward voltage. consider a coupler using:
C. Avalanche voltage. A. A Gunn diode.
D. Reverse bias. B. An optoisolator.
C. A photovoltaic cell.
9. The forward breakover voltage of a silicon D. A laser diode.
diode is:
A. About 0.3 V. 18. The power from a solar panel depends on all
B. About 0.6 V. of the following except:
C. About 1.0 V. A. The operating frequency of the panel.
D. Dependent on the method of manufacture. B. The total surface area of the panel.
C. The number of cells in the panel.
10. A diode audio limiter circuit: D. The intensity of the light.
A. Is useful for voltage regulation. 19. Emission of energy in an IRED is caused by:
B. Always uses Zener diodes. A. High-frequency radio waves.
C. Rectifies the audio to reduce distortion. B. Rectification.
D. Can cause objectionable signal distortion. C. Electron energy-level changes.
D. None of the above.
11. The capacitance of a varactor varies with:
A. Forward voltage. 20. A photodiode, when not used as a
B. Reverse voltage. photovoltaic cell, has:
C. Avalanche voltage. A. Reverse bias.
D. Forward breakover voltage. B. No bias.
C. Forward bias.
12. The purpose of the I layer in a PIN diode is to: D. Negative resistance.
A. Minimize the diode capacitance.
B. Optimize the avalanche voltage. Quiz (Power supplies).
C. Reduce the forward breakover voltage. 1. The output of a rectifier is:
D. Increase the current through the diode. A. 60-Hz ac.
B. Smooth dc.
13. Which of these diode types might be found in C. Pulsating dc.
the oscillator circuit of a microwave radio D. 120-Hz ac.
transmitter?
A. A rectifier diode. 2. Which of the following might not be needed in
B. A cat whisker. a power supply?
C. An IMPATT diode. A. The transformer.
D. None of the above. B. The filter.
C. The rectifier.
14. A Gunnplexer can be used as a: D. All of the above are generally needed.

34
 B. 20 V.
3. Of the following appliances, which would need C. 28 V.
the biggest transformer? D. 36 V.
A. A clock radio.
B. A TV broadcast transmitter. 11. The ripple frequency from a full-wave rectifier
C. A shortwave radio receiver. is:
D. A home TV set. A. Twice that from a half-wave circuit.
B. The same as that from a half-wave circuit.
4. An advantage of full-wave bridge rectification C. Half that from a half-wave circuit.
is: D. One-fourth that from a half-wave circuit.
A. It uses the whole transformer secondary for
the entire ac input cycle. 12. Which of the following would make the best
B. It costs less than other rectifier types. filter for a power supply?
C. It cuts off half of the ac wave cycle. A. A capacitor in series.
D. It never needs a regulator. B. A choke in series.
C. A capacitor in series and a choke in parallel.
5. In. a supply designed to provide high power at D. A capacitor in parallel and a choke in series.
low voltage, the best rectifier design would
probably be: 13. If you needed exceptionally good ripple
A. Half-wave. filtering for a power supply, the best approach
B. Full-wave, center-tap. would be to:
C. Bridge. A. Connect several capacitors in parallel.
D. Voltage multiplier. B. Use a choke-input filter.
C. Connect several chokes in series.
6. The part of a power supply immediately D. Use two capacitor/choke sections one after the
preceding the regulator is: other.
A. The transformer.
B. The rectifier. 14. Voltage regulation can be accomplished by a
C. The filter. Zener diode connected in:
D. The ac input. A. Parallel with the filter output, forward-biased.
B. Parallel with the filter output, reverse-biased.
7. If a half-wave rectifier is used with 117-V rms C. Series with the filter output, forward-biased.
ac (house mains), the average dc output voltage D. Series with the filter output, reverse-biased.
is about:
A. 52.7 V. 15. A current surge takes place when a power
B. 105 V. supply is first turned on because:
C. 117 V. A. The transformer core is suddenly magnetized.
D. 328 V. B. The diodes suddenly start to conduct.
C. The filter capacitor(s) must be initially charged.
8. If a full-wave bridge circuit is used with a D. Arcing takes place in the power switch.
transformer whose secondary provides 50 V rms,
the PIV across the diodes is about: 16. Transient suppression minimizes the chance
A. 50 V. of:
B. 70 V. A. Diode failure.
C. 100 V. B. Transformer failure.
D. 140 V. C. Filter capacitor failure.
D. Poor voltage regulation.
9. The principal disadvantage of a voltage
multiplier is: 17. If a fuse blows, and it is replaced with one
A. Excessive current. having a lower current rating, there’s a good
B. Excessive voltage. chance that:
C. Insufficient rectification. A. The power supply will be severely damaged.
D. Poor regulation. B. The diodes will not rectify.
C. The fuse will blow out right away.
10. A transformer secondary provides 10 V rms to D. Transient suppressors won’t work.
a voltage-doubler circuit. The dc output voltage is
about: 18. A fuse with nothing but a straight wire inside
A. 14 V. is probably:

35
A. A slow-blow type. C. IB.
B. A quick-break type. D. More than one of the above.
C. Of a low current rating.
D. Of a high current rating. 6. With no signal input, a bipolar transistor would
have the least IC when:
19. Bleeder resistors are: A. The emitter is grounded.
A. Connected in parallel with filter capacitors. B. The E-B junction is forward biased.
B. Of low ohmic value. C. The E-B junction is reverse biased.
C. Effective for transient suppression. D. The E-B current is high.
D. Effective for surge suppression.
7. When a transistor is conducting as much as it
20. To service a power supply with which you are possibly can, it is said to be:
not completely familiar, you should: A. In cutoff.
A. Install bleeder resistors. B. In saturation.
B. Use proper fusing. C. Forward biased.
C. Leave it alone and have a professional work on D. In avalanche.
it.
D. Use a voltage regulator. 8. Refer to Fig. 22-12. The best point at which to
operate a transistor as a small-signal amplifier is:
Quiz (The bipolar transistor) A. A.
1. In a PNP circuit, the collector: B. B.
A. Has an arrow pointing inward. C. C.
B. Is positive with respect to the emitter. D. D.
C. Is biased at a small fraction of the base bias.
D. Is negative with respect to the emitter. 9. In Fig. 22-12, the forward-breakover point for
the E-B junction is nearest to:
2. In many cases, a PNP transistor can be A. No point on this graph.
replaced with an NPN device and the circuit will B. B.
do the same thing, provided that: C. C.
A. The supply polarity is reversed. D. D.
22-11 Common-collector circuit configuration.
This arrangement is also known as an emitter 10. In Fig. 22-12, saturation is nearest to point:
follower. A. A.
B. The collector and emitter leads are B. B.
interchanged. C. C.
C. The arrow is pointing inward. D. D.
D. No! A PNP device cannot be replaced with an
NPN. 11. In Fig. 22-12, the greatest gain occurs at
point:
3. A bipolar transistor has: A. A.
A. Three P-N junctions. B. B.
B. Three semiconductor layers. C. C.
C. Two N-type layers around a P-type layer. D. D.
D. A low avalanche voltage.
12. In a common-emitter circuit, the gain
4. In the dual-diode model of an NPN transistor, bandwidth product is:
the emitter corresponds to: A. The frequency at which the gain is 1.
A. The point where the cathodes are connected B. The frequency at which the gain is 0.707 times
together. its value at 1 MHz.
B. The point where the cathode of one diode is C. The frequency at which the gain is greatest.
connected to the anode of the other. D. The difference between the frequency at which
C. The point where the anodes are connected the gain is greatest, and the frequency at which
together. the gain is 1.
D. Either of the diode cathodes. 22-12 Illustration for quiz questions 8, 9, 10,
and 11.
5. The current through a transistor depends on:
A. EC.
B. EB relative to EC.

36
13. The configuration most often used for Quiz (The field-effect transistor)
matching a high input impedance to a low output 1. The current through the channel of a JFET is
impedance puts signal ground at: directly affected by all of the following except:
A. The emitter. A. Drain voltage.
B. The base. B. Transconductance.
C. The collector. C. Gate voltage.
D. Any point; it doesn’t matter. D. Gate bias.

14. The output is in phase with the input in a: 2. In an N-channel JFET, pinchoff occurs when the
A. Common-emitter circuit. gate bias is:
B. Common-base circuit. A. Slightly positive.
C. Common-collector circuit. B. Zero.
D. More than one of the above. C. Slightly negative.
D. Very negative.
15. The greatest possible amplification is
obtained in: 3. The current consists mainly of holes when a
A. A common-emitter circuit. JFET:
B. A common-base circuit. A. Has a P-type channel.
C. A common-collector circuit. B. Is forward-biased.
D. More than one of the above. C. Is zero-biased.
D. Is reverse-biased.
16. The input is applied to the collector in:
A. A common-emitter circuit. 4. A JFET might work better than a bipolar
B. A common-base circuit. transistor in:
C. A common-collector circuit. A. A rectifier.
D. None of the above. B. A radio receiver.
C. A filter.
17. The configuration noted for its stability in D. A transformer.
radio-frequency power amplifiers is the:
A. Common-emitter circuit. 5. In a P-channel JFET:
B. Common-base circuit. A. The drain is forward-biased.
C. Common-collector circuit. B. The gate-source junction is forward biased.
D. Emitter-follower circuit. C. The drain is negative relative to the source.
D. The gate must be at dc ground.
18. In a common-base circuit, the output is taken
from the: 6. A JFET is sometimes biased at or beyond
A. Emitter. pinchoff in:
B. Base. A. A power amplifier.
C. Collector. B. A rectifier.
D. More than one of the above. C. An oscillator.
D. A weak-signal amplifier.
19. The input signal to a transistor amplifier
results in saturation during part of the cycle. This 7. The gate of a JFET has:
produces: A. Forward bias.
A. The greatest possible amplification. B. High impedance.
B. Reduced efficiency. C. Low reverse resistance.
C. Avalanche effect. D. Low avalanche voltage.
D. Nonlinear output impedance.
8. A JFET circuit essentially never has:
20. The gain of a transistor in a common-emitter A. A pinched-off channel.
circuit is 100 at a frequency of 1000 Hz. The gain B. Holes as the majority carriers.
is 70.7 at 335 kHz. The gain drops to 1 at 210 C. A forward-biased P-N junction.
MHz. The alpha cutoff is: D. A high-input impedance.
A. 1 kHz.
B. 335 kHz. 9. When a JFET is pinched off:
C. 210 MHz. A. dID/dEG is very large with no signal.
D. None of the above. B. dID/dEG might vary considerably with no
signal.

37
C. dID/dEG is negative with no signal.
D. dID/dEG is zero with no signal. 18. In a source follower, which of the electrodes
of the FET receives the input signal?
10. Transconductance is the ratio of: A. None of them.
A. A change in drain voltage to a change in B. The source.
source voltage. C. The gate.
B. A change in drain current to a change in gate D. The drain.
voltage.
C. A change in gate current to a change in source 19. Which of the following circuits has its output
voltage. 180 degrees out of phase with its input?
D. A change in drain current to a change in drain A. Common source.
voltage. B. Common gate.
C. Common drain.
11. Characteristic curves for JFETs generally show: D. All of them.
A Drain voltage as a function of source current.
B. Drain current as a function of gate current. 20. Which of the following circuits generally has
C. Drain current as a function of drain voltage. the greatest gain?
D. Drain voltage as a function of gate current. A. Common source.
B. Common gate.
12. A disadvantage of a MOS component is that: C. Common drain.
A. It is easily damaged by static electricity. D. It depends only on bias, not on which electrode
B. It needs a high input voltage. is grounded.
C. It draws a large amount of current.
D. It produces a great deal of electrical noise. Quiz (Amplifiers)
1. The decibel is a unit of:
13. The input impedance of a MOSFET: A. Relative signal strength.
A. Is lower than that of a JFET. B. Voltage.
B. Is lower than that of a bipolar transistor. C. Power.
C. Is between that of a bipolar transistor and a D. Current.
JFET.
D. Is extremely high. 2. If a circuit has a voltage-amplification factor of
20, then the voltage gain is:
14. An advantage of MOSFETs over JFETs is that: A. 13 dB.
A. MOSFETs can handle a wider range of gate B. 20 dB.
voltages. C. 26 dB.
B. MOSFETs deliver greater output power. D. 40 dB.
C. MOSFETs are more rugged.
D. MOSFETs last longer. 3. A gain of _15 dB in a circuit means that:
A. The output signal is stronger than the input.
5. The channel in a zero-biased JFET is normally: B. The input signal is stronger than the output.
A. Pinched off. C. The input signal is 15 times as strong as the
B. Somewhat open. output.
C. All the way open. D. The output signal is 15 times as strong as the
D. Of P-type semiconductor material. input.

16. When an enhancement-mode MOSFET is at 4. A device has a voltage gain of 23 dB. The input
zero bias: voltage is 3.3 V. The output voltage is:
A. The drain current is high with no signal. A. 76 V.
B. The drain current fluctuates with no signal. B. 47 V.
C. The drain current is low with no signal. C. 660 V.
D. The drain current is zero with no signal. D. Not determinable from the data given.

17. An enhancement-mode MOSFET can be 5. A power gain of 44 dB is equivalent to an

recognized in schematic diagrams by: output/input power ratio of:
A. An arrow pointing inward. A. 44.
B. A broken vertical line inside the circle. B. 160.
C. An arrow pointing outward. C. 440.
D. A solid vertical line inside the circle. D. 25,000.

38
 D. A class-C amplifier cannot be made linear.
6. A resistor between the base of an NPN bipolar
transistor and the positive supply voltage is used 14. Which of the following amplifier classes
to: generally needs the most driving power?
A. Provide proper bias. A. Class A.
B. Provide a path for the input signal. B. Class AB1.
C. Provide a path for the output signal. C. Class AB2.
D. Limit the collector current. D. Class B.

7. The capacitance values in an amplifier circuit 15. A graphic equalizer is a form of:
depend on: A. Bias control.
A. The supply voltage. B. Gain control.
B. The polarity. C. Tone control.
C. The signal strength. D. Frequency control.
D. The signal frequency.
16. A disadvantage of transfer coupling, as
8. A class-A circuit would not work well as: opposed to capacitive coupling, is that:
A. A stereo hi-fi amplifier. A. Transformers can’t match impedances.
B. A television transmitter PA. B. Transformers can’t work above audio
C. A low-level microphone preamplifier. frequencies.
D. The first stage in a radio receiver. C. Transformers cost more.
D. Transformers reduce the gain.
9. In which of the following FET amplifier types
does drain current flow for 50 percent of the 17. A certain bipolar-transistor PA is 66 percent
signal cycle? efficient. The output power is 33 W. The dc
A. Class A. collector power input is:
B. Class AB1. A. 22 W.
C. Class AB2. B. 50 W.
D. Class B. C. 2.2 W.
D. None of the above.
10. Which of the following amplifier types
produces the least distortion of the signal 18. A broadband PA is:
waveform? A. Generally easy to use.
A. Class A. B. More efficient than a tuned PA.
B. Class AB1. C. Less likely than a tuned PA to amplify
C. Class AB2. unwanted signals.
D. Class B. D. Usable only at audio frequencies.

11. Which bipolar amplifier type has some
distortion in the signal wave, with collector
current during most, but not all, of the cycle?
A. Class A.
B. Class AB1.
C. Class AB2.
D. Class B.
12. How can a class-B amplifier be made suitable
for hi-fi audio applications?
A. By increasing the bias.
B. By using two transistors in push-pull.
C. By using tuned circuits in the output.
D. A class-B amplifier cannot work well for hi-fi
audio.
13. How can a class-C amplifier be made linear?
A. By reducing the bias.
B. By increasing the drive.
C. By using two transistors in push-pull.
19. A tuned PA must always be:
A. Set to work over a wide range of frequencies.
B. Adjusted for maximum power output.
C. Made as efficient as possible.
D. Operated in class C.
20. A loading control in a tuned PA:
A. Provides an impedance match between the
bipolar transistor or FET and the load.
B. Allows broadband operation.
C. Adjusts the resonant frequency.
D. Controls the input impedance.
Quiz (Oscillators)
25-10 A “multivibrator” type audio oscillator.
1. Negative feedback in an amplifier:
A. Causes oscillation.
B. Increases sensitivity.
C. Reduces the gain.
D. Is used in an Armstrong oscillator.

39
 C. The amount of capacitance across the crystal.
2. Oscillation requires: D. The power-supply voltage.
A. A common-drain or common-collector circuit.
B. A stage with gain. 11. The different sounds of musical instruments
C. A tapped coil. are primarily the result of:
D. Negative feedback. A. Differences in the waveshape.
B. Differences in frequency.
3. A Colpitts oscillator can be recognized by: C. Differences in amplitude.
A. A split capacitance in the tuned circuit. D. Differences in phase.
B. A tapped coil in the tuned circuit.
C. A transformer for the feedback. 12. A radio-frequency oscillator usually:
D. A common-base or common-gate A. Has an irregular waveshape.
arrangement. B. Has most or all of its energy at a single
frequency.
4. In an oscillator circuit, the feedback should be: C. Produces a sound that depends on its
A. As great as possible. waveform.
B. Kept to a minimum. D. Uses RC tuning.
C. Just enough to sustain oscillation.
D. Done through a transformer whose wires can 13. A varactor diode:
be switched easily. A. Is mechanically flexible.
B. Has high power output.
5. A tapped coil is used in a(n): C. Can produce different waveforms.
A. Hartley oscillator. D. Is good for use in frequency synthesizers.
B. Colpitts oscillator.
C. Armstrong oscillator. 14. A frequency synthesizer has:
D. Clapp oscillator. A. High power output.
B. High drift rate.
6. An RF choke: C. Exceptional stability.
A. Passes RF but not dc. D. Adjustable waveshape.
B. Passes both RF and dc.
C. Passes dc but not RF. 15. A ferromagnetic-core coil is preferred for use
D. Blocks both dc and RF. in the tuned circuit of an RF oscillator:
A. That must have the best possible stability.
7. Ferromagnetic coil cores are not generally B. That must have high power output.
good for use in RF oscillators because: C. That must work at microwave frequencies.
A. The inductances are too large. D. No! Air-core coils work better in RF oscillators.
B. It’s hard to vary the inductance of such a coil.
C. Such coils are too bulky. 16. If the load impedance for an oscillator is too
D. Air-core coils have better thermal stability. high:
A. The frequency might drift.
8. An oscillator might fail to start for any of the B. The power output might be reduced.
following reasons except: C. The oscillator might fail to start.
A. Low-power-supply voltage. D. It’s not a cause for worry; it can’t be too high.
B. Low stage gain.
C. In-phase feedback. 17. The bipolar transistors or JFETs in a
D. Very low output impedance. multivibrator are usually connected in:
A. Class B.
9. An advantage of a crystal-controlled oscillator B. A common-emitter or common-source
over a VFO is: arrangement.
A. Single-frequency operation. C. Class C.
B. Ease of frequency adjustment. D. A common-collector or common-drain
C. High output power. arrangement.
D. Low drift.
18. The arrangement in the block diagram of Fig.
10. The frequency at which a crystal oscillator 25-11 represents:
functions is determined mainly by: A. A waveform analyzer.
A. The values of the inductor and capacitor. B. An audio oscillator.
B. The thickness of the crystal. C. An RF oscillator.

40
D. A sine-wave generator. C. Lower sideband.
25-11 Illustration for quiz question 18. D. Single sideband.

19. Acoustic feedback in a public-address system: 7. Which of the following modulation methods is
A. Is useful for generating RF sine waves. used to send teleprinter data over the phone
B. Is useful for waveform analysis. lines?
C. Can be used to increase the amplifier gain. A. CW.
D. Serves no useful purpose. B. SSB.
C. AM.
20. An IMPATT diode: D. AFSK.
A. Makes a good audio oscillator.
B. Can be used for waveform analysis. 8. An advantage of SSB over AM is:
C. Is used as a microwave oscillator. A. Higher data transmission rate.
D. Allows for frequency adjustment of a VCO. B. More effective use of transmitter power.
C. Greater bandwidth.
Quiz (Data transmission) D. Enhanced carrier wave level.
1. A radio wave has a frequency of 1.55 MHz. The
highest modulating frequency that can be used 9. An SSB suppressed carrier is at 14.335 MHz.
effectively is about: The voice data is contained in a band from
A. 1.55 kHz. 14.335-14.338 MHz. The mode is:
B. 15.5 kHz. A. AM.
C. 155 kHz. B. LSB.
D. 1.55 MHz. C. USB.
D. FSK.
2. Morse code is a form of:
A. Digital modulation. 10. A spectrum analyzer displays:
B. Analog modulation. A. Time as a function of frequency.
C. Phase modulation. B. Frequency as a function of time.
D. dc modulation. C. Signal strength as a function of time.
D. Signal strength as a function of frequency.
3. An advantage of FSK over simple on-off keying
for RTTY is: 11. The deviation for voice FM signals is usually:
A. Better frequency stability. A. Plus-or-minus 3 kHz.
B. Higher speed capability. B. Plus-or-minus 5 kHz
26-17 A simple circuit for voice modulating a C. Plus-or-minus 6 kHz.
light beam. D. Plus-or-minus 10 kHz.
C. Reduced number of misprints.
D. On-off keying is just as good as FSK. 12. Wideband FM is preferable to narrowband FM
for music transmission because:
4. The maximum AM percentage possible without A. Lower frequencies are heard better.
distortion is: B. Spectrum space is conserved.
A. 33 percent. C. The fidelity is better.
B. 67 percent. D. No! Narrowband FM is better for music.
C. 100 percent.
D. 150 percent. 13. In which mode of PM does the pulse level
vary?
5. If an AM signal is modulated with audio having A. PAM.
frequencies up to 5 kHz, then the complete signal B. PDM.
bandwidth will be: C. PWM.
A. 10 kHz. D. PFM.
B. 6 kHz.
C. 5 kHz. 14. In which PM mode do pulses last for varying
D. 3 kHz. times?
A. PAM.
6. An AM transmitter using a class-C PA should B. PWM.
employ: C. PFM.
A. Carrier suppression. D. PCM.
B. High-level modulation.

41
15. How many states are commonly used for the C. The F layer.
transmission of digitized voice signals? D. No layers ever absorb radio waves.
A. Two.
B. Four. 4. The highest layer of the ionosphere is:
C. Six. A. The D layer.
D. Eight. B. The E layer.
C. The F layer.
16. In an SSTV signal, the frame time is: D. Dependent on the time of day and the solar
A. 1/525 second. cycle.
B. 1/30 second.
C. 1/8 second. 5. Radio waves that curve earthward in the lower
D. 8 seconds. atmosphere are being affected by:
A. Troposcatter.
17. The bandwidth of a fax signal is kept narrow B. The D layer.
by: C. Ionospheric ducting.
A. Sending the data at a slow rate of speed. D. Tropospheric bending.
B. Limiting the image resolution.
C. Limiting the range of shades sent. 6. Single-sideband can be demodulated by:
D. Using pulse modulation. A. An envelope detector.
B. A diode.
18. What is the wavelength of a 21.3-MHz signal? C. A BFO and mixer.
A. 46.2 m. D. A ratio detector.
B. 14.1 m.
C. 21.0 km. 7. A diode and capacitor can be used to detect:
D. 6.39 km. A. CW.
B. AM.
19. A coaxial cable: C. SSB.
A. Keeps the signal confined. D. FSK.
B. Radiates efficiently.
C. Works well as a transmitting antenna. 8. The S_N/N ratio is a measure of.
D. Can pick up signals from outside. A. Sensitivity.
B. Selectivity.
20. An advantage of fiberoptics over cable C. Dynamic range.
communications is: D. Adjacent-channel rejection.
A. More sensitivity to noise.
B. Improved antenna efficiency. 9. The ability of a receiver to perform in the
C. Higher RF output. presence of strong signals is a consequence of
D. Simpler and easier maintenance. its:
A. Sensitivity.
Quiz (Data reception). B. Noise figure.
1. The reflected wave in a radio signal: C. Dynamic range.
A. Travels less distance than the direct wave. D. Adjacent-channel rejection.
B. Travels just as far as the direct wave.
C. Travels farther than the direct wave. 10. A receiver that responds to a desired signal,
D. Might travel less far than, just as far as, or but not to one very nearby in frequency, has
farther than the direct wave. good:
A. Sensitivity.
2. The reflected wave: B. Noise figure.
A. Arrives in phase with the direct wave. C. Dynamic range.
B. Arrives out of phase with the direct wave. D. Adjacent-channel rejection.
C. Arrives in a variable phase compared with the
direct wave. 11. An AM receiver can be used to demodulate
D. Is horizontally polarized. FM by means of:
A. Envelope detection.
3. The ionospheric layer that absorbs radio waves B. Product detection.
is: C. Slope detection.
A. The D layer. D. Pulse detection.
B. The E layer.

42
12. An FM detector with built-in limiting is: 20. Digital signal processing can be used to
A. A ratio detector. advantage with:
B. A discriminator. A. SSB.
C. An envelope detector. B. SSTV.
D. A product detector. C. FSK.
D. Any of the above.
13. Time-division multiplex is often done with:
A. AM. Quiz (Integrated circuits and data storage
B. FM. media)
C. FSK. 1. Because of the small size of ICs compared with
D. PM. equivalent circuits made from discrete
components:
14. A continuously variable signal is recovered A. More heat is generated.
from a signal having discrete states by: B. Higher power output is possible.
A. A ratio detector. C. Higher switching speeds are attainable.
B. A D/A converter. D. Fewer calculations need be done in a given
C. A product detector. time.
D. An envelope detector.
2. Which of the following is not an advantage of
15. Digital modulation is superior to analog ICs over discrete components?
modulation in the sense that: A. Higher component density.
A. Analog signals have discrete states, while B. Ease of maintenance.
digital ones vary continuously. C. Greater power capability.
B. Digital signals resemble noise less than analog D. Lower current consumption.
ones.
C. Digital signals are easier to use with FM. 3. In which of the following devices would you be
D. Digital signals have greater bandwidth. least likely to find an integrated circuit as the
main component?
16. A product detector would most often be used A. A radio broadcast transmitter’s final amplifier.
to receive: B. A notebook computer.
A. AM. C. A battery-powered calculator.
B. CW. D. A low-power audio amplifier.
C. FM.
D. None of the above. 4. Which type of component is generally not
practical for fabrication in an IC?
17. To receive UHF signals on a shortwave A. Resistors.
receiver, you would need: B. Inductors.
A. A heterodyne detector. C. Diodes.
B. A product detector. D. Capacitors.
C. An up converter.
D. A down converter. 5. An op amp usually employs negative feedback
to:
18. Image rejection in a superhet receiver is A. Maximize the gain.
enhanced by: B. Control the gain.
A. Front-end selectivity. C. Allow oscillation over a wide band of
B. A product detector. frequencies.
C. A variable LO. D. No! Op amps do not employ negative
D. A sensitive IF amplifier chain. feedback.

19. A low IF is not practical with a single- 6. A channel carries several signals at once.
conversion receiver because: Which type of IC might be used to select one of
A. Product detection cannot be used. the signals for reception?
B. The image frequency would be too close to the A. An op amp.
incoming-signal frequency. B. A timer.
C. Sensitivity would be impaired. C. A comparator.
D. Adjacent-channel rejection would be poor. D. A multiplexer/demultiplexer.

43
7. Which type of IC is used to determine whether
voltage levels are the same or not? 16. In magnetic video tape:
A. An op amp. A. The video tracks are parallel to the edges.
B. A timer. B. The video tracks are diagonal.
C. A comparator. C. The video tracks are perpendicular to the
D. A multiplexer/demultiplexer. edges.
D. The video tracks can be oriented at any angle.
8. Which type of digital IC is least susceptible to
noise? 17. An advantage of magnetic disks over
A. Transistor-transistor logic. magnetic tape is:
B. Base-coupled logic. A. Disks are immune to damage by heat.
C. Emitter-coupled logic. B. Tapes are difficult to rewind.
D. N-channel-coupled logic. C. Disks allow faster data storage and retrieval.
D. Disks are immune to external magnetic fields.
9. Which of the following is not an advantage of
CMOS? 18. A typical audio recording tape thickness is:
A. Relative immunity to noise pulses. A. 0.001 mil.
B. Low-current requirements. B. 0.01 mil.
C. Ability to work at high speed. C. 0.1 mil.
D. Ability to handle high power levels. D. 1 mil.

10. An absolute limit on IC component density is: 19. Compact disks (CDs) are not generally used
A. The current levels needed. for recording:
B. The maximum attainable impedance. A. Voices.
C. The size of the semiconductor atoms. B. Music.
D. No! There is no limit on component density. C. In digital form.
D. Via magnetic fields.
11. In a ROM:
A. It’s easy to get data out and put it in. 20. A reason CDs don’t wear out with repeated
B. It’s hard to get data out, but easy to put it in. playback is:
C. It’s easy to get data out, but hard to put it in. A. The magnetic fields are strong.
D. It’s hard to get data out or put it in. B. Nothing touches the disk.
C. The data is analog.
12. In a RAM: D. The magnetic particle density is high.
A. It’s easy to get data out and put it in.
B. It’s hard to get data out, but easy to put it in. Quiz (Electron tubes)
C. It’s easy to get data out, but hard to put it in. 1. One difference between a triode and an N-
D. It’s hard to get data out or put it in. channel FET is that:
A. Triodes work with lower voltages.
13. Which of the following IC types must be B. Triodes are more compact.
physically removed from the circuit to have its C. Triodes need more voltage.
memory contents changed? D. Triodes don’t need filaments.
A. EEPROM.
B. EPROM. 2. The control grid of a tube corresponds to the:
C. ROM. A. Source of an FET.
D. RAM. B. Collector of a bipolar transistor.
C. Anode of a diode.
14. A kilobyte is: D. Gate of an FET.
A. Equivalent to a novel.
B. About 1,000 bytes. 3. The intensity of the electron flow in a vacuum
C. About 1,000,000 bytes. tube depends on all of the following except:
D. Equivalent to about one typewritten line. A. The gate voltage.
B. The power supply voltage.
15. In magnetic audio tape: C. The grid voltage.
A. The tracks are parallel to the edges. D. The voltage between the cathode and the
B. The tracks are diagonal. plate.
C. The tracks are perpendicular to the edges.
D. The tracks can be oriented at any angle.

44
4. Which type of tube maintains constant voltage 13. The electron beam in an electrostatic CRT is
drop with changes in current? bent by:
A. A triode. A. A magnetic field.
B. A gas-filled regulator. B. An electric field.
C. A tetrode. C. A fluctuating current.
D. A pentagrid converter. D. A constant current.

5. In a tube with a directly heated cathode: 14. The horizontal displacement on an

A. The filament is separate from the cathode. oscilloscope CRT screen is usually measured in:
B. The grid is connected to the filament. A. Frequency per unit division.
C. The filament serves as the cathode. B. Current per unit division.
D. There is no filament. C. Time per unit division.
D. Voltage per unit division.
6. In a tube with a cold cathode:
A. The filament is separate from the cathode. 15. In a time-domain oscilloscope, the waveform
B. The grid is connected to the filament. to be analyzed is usually applied
C. The filament serves as the cathode. to the:
D. There is no filament. A. Control grid plates or coils.
B. Anode plates or coils.
7. A screen grid enhances tube operation by: C. Vertical deflection plates or coils.
A. Decreasing the gain. D. Horizontal deflection plates or coils.
B. Decreasing the plate voltage.
C. Decreasing the grid-to-plate capacitance. 16. A vidicon camera tube is noted for its:
D. Pulling excess electrons from the plate. A. Sensitivity.
B. Large size.
8. A tube with three grids is called a: C. Heavy weight.
A. Triode. D. Rapid response.
B. Tetrode. 17. In a magnetron, as the frequency is
C. Pentode. increased:
D. Hexode. A. The achievable power output increases.
B. The achievable power output decreases.
9. A tube type radio receiver: C. The output power stays the same.
A. Is bulky and heavy. D. The output power increases and decreases
B. Requires low voltage. alternately.
C. Is more sensitive than a transistorized radio.
D. All of the above. 18. The paths of the electrons in a magnetron are
spirals, rather than straight lines, because of:
10. An advantage of a grounded-grid power A. The extreme voltage used.
amplifier is: B. The longitudinal magnetic flux.
A. Excellent sensitivity. C. The bunching-up of the electrons.
B. High impedance. D. The shapes of the cavities.
C. Low noise.
D. Good stability. 19. A klystron is noted for its:
A. Spiralling electrons.
11. A heptode tube has: B. Low noise output.
A. Two grids. C. High achievable output power.
B. Three grids. D. Magnetic-field intensity.
C. Five grids.
D. Seven grids. 20. In a multicavity klystron, the electrons:
A. Have variable speed.
12. The electron gun in a CRT is another name for B. Travel in circles.
its: C. Are reflected by the cavities.
A. Cathode. D. Are drawn out via the cathode.
B. Anode.
C. Control grid. Quiz (Basic digital principles).
D. Screen grid. 1. The value of the decimal number 23 in binary
form is:
A. 1011.

45
B. 110111. 10. If X is high and Y is low, what is the state of X
C. 10111. NOT Y?
D. 11100. A. There is not enough information to tell.
B. Low.
2. The binary number 110001 represents the C. High.
digital number: D. This logic statement makes no sense.
A. 49.
B. 25. 11. A logic circuit has four inputs W, X, Y, and Z.
C. 21. How many possible input combinations are there?
D. 13. A. 4.
B. 8.
3. The fifth digit from the right in a binary number C. 16.
carries a decimal value of: D. 32.
A. 64.
B. 32. 12. Data sent along a single line, one bit after
C. 24. another, is called:
D. 16. A. Serial.
B. Synchronous.
4. The largest possible decimal number that can C. Parallel.
be represented by six binary digits (bits) is: D. Asynchronous.
A. 256.
B. 128. 13. If X _ 1 and Y _ 1, then X _ YZ is:
C. 64. A. Always 0.
D. 63. B. 0 if Z _ 0, and 1 if Z _ 1.
C. 1 if Z _ 0, and 0 if Z _ 1.
5. Which of the following voltages could normally D. Always 1.
represent a 1 in positive logic?
A. 0 V. 14. If X _ 0 and Y _ 1, then X(Y + Z) is:
B. _ 1 V. A. Always 0.
C. _ 4 V. B. 0 if Z _ 0, and 1 if Z _ 1.
D. _ 12 V. C. 1 if Z _ 0, and 0 if Z _ 1.
D. Always 1.
6. Which of the following voltages might normally
represent a 1 in negative logic? 15. An advantage of a J-K over an R-S flip-flop is
A. 0 V. that:
B. _ 4 V. A. The J-K flip-flop is faster.
C. _ 6 V. B. The J-K can attain more states.
D. _ 12 V. C. The J-K always has predictable outputs.
D. No! An R-S flip-flop is superior to a J-K.
7. If X is low, what is the state of X AND Y?
A. There is not enough information to tell. 16. In positive-edge triggering, the change of
B. Low. state occurs when:
C. High. A. The pulse level is high.
D. This logic statement makes no sense. B. The pulse level is going from high to low.
C. The pulse level is going from low to high.
8. If X is high, what is the state of X NOR Y? D. The pulse level is low.
A. There is not enough information to tell.
B. Low. 17. The inputs of an R-S flip-flop are known as:
C. High. A. Low and high.
D. This logic statement makes no sense. B. Asynchronous.
C. Synchronous.
9. If X and Y are both high, what is the state of X D. Set and reset.
NAND Y?
A. There is not enough information to tell. 18. When both inputs of an R-S flip-flop are 0:
B. Low. A. The outputs stay as they are.
C. High. B. Q _ 0 and _Q _ 1.
D. This logic statement makes no sense. C. Q _ 1 and _Q _ 0.
D. The resulting outputs can be absurd.

46
 B. The E layer.
19. When both inputs of an R-S flip-flop are 1: C. The D layer.
A. The outputs stay as they are. D. The C layer.
B. Q _ 0 and _Q _ 1. E. The B layer.
C. Q _ 1 and _Q _ 0.
D. The resulting outputs can be absurd. 7. The beta of a bipolar transistor is its:
A. Current amplification factor.
20. A frequency synthesizer makes use of B. Voltage amplification factor.
A. An OR gate. C. Power amplification factor.
B. A divider. D. Maximum amplification frequency.
C. The octal numbering system. E. Optimum amplification frequency.
D. The hexadecimal numbering system.
8. Which type of component is impractical to
Test: Part Three fabricate on a silicon chip?
1. In a junction FET, the control electrode is A. A capacitor.
usually the: B. A transistor.
A. Source. C. A diode.
B. Emitter. D. An inductor.
C. Drain. E. Any component can be fabricated on a silicon
D. Base. chip.
E. Gate.
9. The extent to which an oscillator maintains a
2. A diode can be used as a frequency multiplier constant frequency is called its:
because of its: A. Sensitivity.
A. Junction capacitance. B. Drift ratio.
B. Nonlinearity. C. Gain.
C. Avalanche voltage. D. Selectivity.
D. Forward breakover. E. Stability.
E. Charge-carrier concentration.
10. A Zener diode would most likely be used in:
3. Which of the following is not a common form of A. A mixer.
data transmission? B. A voltage-controlled oscillator.
A. Parallel modulation. C. A detector.
B. Frequency modulation. D. A power supply regulating circuit.
C. Amplitude modulation. E. An oscillator.
D. Phase modulation.
E. Pulse modulation. 11. When the bias in an FET stops the flow of
current, the condition is called:
4. A very brief, high-voltage spike on an ac power A. Forward breakover.
line is called: B. Cutoff.
A. A surge. C. Reverse bias.
B. An arc. D. Pinchoff.
C. A transient. E. Avalanche.
D. An avalanche.
F. A clamp. 12. A vacuum tube would most likely be found in:
A. The front end of a radio receiver.
5. Which of the following is not characteristic of B. A high-power radio-frequency linear amplifier.
an oscillator? C. A low-level audio amplifier.
A. Negative feedback. D. A digital computer.
B. Good output-to-input coupling. E. Antique radios only.
C. Reasonably high transistor gain.
D. Ac output. 13. In an N-type semiconductor, the minority
E. Usefulness as a signal generator. carriers are:
A. Electrons.
6. Which layer of the ionosphere absorbs radio B. Protons.
signals below about 7 MHz during the daylight C. Holes.
hours? D. Neutrons.
A. The F layer. E. Silicon chips.

47
 E. Any of the above can be as efficient as any
14. A disadvantage of a half-wave rectifier is that: other.
A. The voltage is excessive.
B. The current output is low. 21. ASCII is a form of:
C. The output is hard to filter. A. Video modulation.
D. It needs many diodes. B. Diode.
E. The transformer must have a center tap. C. Teleprinter code.
D. Voice modulation.
15. A power gain of 30 dB is equivalent to an E. AM detector.
amplification factor of:
A. 0.001. 22. The most stable type of oscillator circuit uses:
B. 1/30. A. A tapped coil.
C. 30. B. A split capacitor.
D. 1000. C. Negative feedback.
E. None of the above. D. A common-base arrangement.
E. A quartz crystal.
16. An amplifier has a dc collector power input of
300 W, and is 75.0 percent efficient. The signal 23. If the source-gate junction in an FET
output power is: conducts:
A. 400 W. A. It is a sign of improper bias.
B. 300 W. B. The device will work in class C.
C. 225 W. C. The device will oscillate.
D. Variable, depending on the bias. D. The device will work in class A.
E. Impossible to determine from this data. E. The circuit will have good stability.

17. When both N-channel and P-channel 24. The octal number system uses modulo:
transistors are found in a metal- A. 2.
oxidesemiconductor- type integrated circuit, the B. 8.
technology is known as: C. 10.
A. Transistor-transistor logic. D. 12.
B. CMOS. E. 16.
C. Bipolar logic.
D. NPNP. 25. Signal-plus-noise-to-noise ratio (S_N/N) is
E. PNPN. often specified when stating a receiver’s:
A. Selectivity.
18. A common-base circuit is commonly B. Stability.
employed as: C. Modulation coefficient.
A. A microwave oscillator. D. Sensitivity.
B. A low-pass filter. E. Polarization.
C. A noise generator.
D. A phase-locked loop. 26. In a reverse-biased semiconductor diode, the
E. A radio-frequency power amplifier. capacitance depends on:
A. The width of the depletion region.
19. Which of the following devices always uses an B. The reverse current.
IC as one of its main active components? C. The P:N ratio.
A. A radio-frequency power amplifier. D. The gate bias.
B. A digital computer. E. The avalanche voltage.
C. A low-level audio amplifier.
D. A power transformer. 27. The effective speed of a recording or playback
E. An impedance matching network. head with respect to the data on a tape can be
maximized by making the tracks:
20. Which type of amplifier circuit provides the A. Parallel with the edges of the tape.
greatest efficiency? B. Perpendicular to the edges of the tape.
A. Class A. C. Slanted with respect to the edges of the tape.
B. Class AB. D. Elliptically polarized.
C. Class B. E. Rectangularly polarized.
D. Class C.
28. A simple power supply filter can be built with:

48
A. A capacitor in series with the dc output. E. PCM.
B. An inductor in parallel with the dc output.
C. A rectifier in parallel with the dc output. 35. A type of electron tube that can be used to
D. A resistor in series and an inductor in parallel generate microwave energy is:
with the dc output. A. A triode.
E. A capacitor in parallel with the dc output. B. An oscillotron.
C. A cathode-ray tube.
29. Which of the following bipolar-transistor D. A videotron.
circuits can, in theory, provide the E. A magnetron.
most amplification?
A. Common emitter. 36. In an AND gate, the output is high:
B. Common base. A. If any input is high.
C. Common collector. B. Only when all inputs are low.
D. Common gate. C. If any input is low.
E. Common drain. D. Only when all inputs are high.
E. Only when the inputs have opposite logic
30. Magnetic fields within ICs can store data in a states.
device called:
A. Magnetic media. 37. A voltage-controlled oscillator makes use of:
B. IC memory. A. A varactor diode.
C. Tape memory. B. A Zener diode.
D. Bubble memory. C. Negative feedback.
E. Random-access memory. D. A split capacitance.
E. Adjustable gate or base bias.
31. An example of a device that commonly
oscillates is: 38. Which of the following is not an advantage of
A. A rectifier diode. a transistor over a vacuum tube?
B. A weak-signal diode. A. Smaller size.
C. A Gunn diode. B. Lighter weight.
D. A Zener diode. C. Less heat generation.
E. An avalanche diode. D. Lower operating voltages.
E. Higher power-handling capacity.
32. In a PNP bipolar transistor:
A. The collector is positive relative to the emitter. 39. An amplifier has an output signal voltage that
B. The collector is at the same voltage as the is 35 times the input signal voltage. This is a gain
emitter. of:
C. The collector is negative relative to the A. 15 dB.
emitter. B. 31 dB.
D. The collector might be either positive or C. 35 dB.
negative relative to the emitter. D. 350 dB.
E. The collector must be at ground potential. E. 700 dB.

33. In a cathode-ray tube (CRT), the term 40. In an exclusive OR gate, the output is high:
electrostatic deflection means: A. If any input is high.
A. The device is not working correctly. B. Only when all inputs are low.
B. Static electricity is distorting the image. C. If any input is low.
C. The beam is bent by an electric field. D. Only when all inputs are high.
D. The beam is bent by coils carrying a variable E. Only when the inputs have opposite logic
current. states.
E. Nothing! There is no such thing as electrostatic
deflection in a CRT. 41. A ratio detector is a circuit for demodulating:
A. AM.
34. Which type of modulation consists of one B. PM.
voice sideband, with a suppressed carrier? C. FM.
A. AM. D. SSB.
B. SSB. E. AFSK.
C. FM.
D. RTTY.

49
42. In a radio-frequency power amplifier using a
vacuum tube, stability can be enhanced by using
a circuit in which the following electrode is at RF
ground potential:
A. The cathode.
B. The plate.
C. The filament.
D. The control grid.
E. The screen grid.
43. A method of modulation in which the strength
of pulses varies is called:
A. Pulse amplitude modulation.
B. Pulse position modulation.
C. Pulse frequency modulation.
D. Pulse ratio modulation.
E. Pulse width modulation.
44. Boolean algebra is:
A. Just like ordinary algebra.
B. A useful tool in digital logic circuit design.
C. Used to calculate the value of an unknown.
D. Used with negative logic only.
E. Used with positive logic only.
45. A voltage-doubler power supply is best for
use in:
A. Circuits that need low current at high voltage.
B. Low-voltage devices.
C. High-current appliances.
D. All kinds of electronic equipment.
E. Broadcast transmitter power amplifiers.
46. An optoisolator consists of:
A. Two Zener diodes back to back.
B. An LED and a photodiode.
C. Two NPN transistors in series.
D. An NPN transistor followed by a PNP transistor.
E. A PNP transistor followed by an NPN transistor.
47. When a semiconductor is reverse-biased with
a large enough voltage, it will conduct. This is
because of:
A. Bias effect.
B. Avalanche effect.
C. Forward breakover.
D. An excess of charge carriers.
E. Conduction effect.
48. Synchronizing pulses in a video signal:
A. Keep the brightness constant.
B. Keep the contrast constant.
C. Keep the image from tearing or rolling.
D. Ensure that the colors are right.
E. Keep the image in good focus.
49. In an enhancement-mode MOSFET:
A. The channel conducts fully with zero gate bias.
50
B. The channel conducts partially with zero gate
bias.
C. The channel conducts ac but not dc.
D. The channel conducts dc but not ac.
E. The channel does not conduct with zero gate
bias.
50. In a step-up power transformer:
A. The primary voltage is more than the
secondary voltage.
B. The secondary voltage is more than the
primary voltage.
C. The primary and secondary voltages are the
same.
D. The secondary must be center-tapped.
E. The primary must be center-tapped.
Part 4 Advanced electronics and related
technology
Quiz. (Acoustics, audio, and high fidelity)
1. Acoustics is important in the design of:
A. Amplifier power supplies.
B. Speaker enclosures.
C. Cables that connect components of a hi-fi
system together.
D. Graphic equalizers.
2. Electromagnetic interference to a hi-fi amplifier
can be caused by:
A. A nearby radio broadcast station.
B. Improperly designed receiving antennas.
C. Excessive utility voltage.
D. Improper balance between the left and right
channels.
3. The midrange audio frequencies:
A. Are halfway between the lowest and highest
audible frequencies.
B. Represent sounds whose volume levels are not
too loud or too soft.
C. Are above the treble range but below the bass
range.
D. Are between approximately 0.2 and 2 kHz.
4. An indoor concert hall such that sound reaches
every listener’s ears perfectly at all audio
frequencies requires:
A. A suspended ceiling with acoustical tile
completely covering it.
B. Numerous baffles on the walls and ceiling.
C. A level of engineering beyond reasonable
expectation.
D. Avoidance of excessive background noise.
5. A sound volume change of _3 dB represents:
A. A doubling of acoustic power.
B. A threefold increase in acoustic power.
C. A tenfold increase in acoustic power.
D. No change in acoustic power.
13. Which of the following frequencies cannot be
6. A sound whose wavelength is 6 in in the air has received by an AM/FM tuner?
a frequency of: A. 830 kHz.
A. 550 Hz. B. 95.7 kHz.
B. 1100 Hz. C. 100.1 MHz.
C. 2200 Hz. D. 107.3 MHz.
D. It is impossible to calculate from this
information. 14. A woofer:
A. Is especially useful for reproducing the sounds
7. A sound wave that travels at 335 m per second of barking dogs.
has a frequency of: B. Is designed to handle short, intense bursts of
A. 335 Hz. sound.
B. 3350 Hz. C. Should not be used with a graphic equalizer.
C. 33.5 Hz. D. Is designed to reproduce low-frequency
D. It is impossible to calculate from this sounds.
information.
15. Suppose you have an amateur radio station
8. The relative phase of two acoustic waves, as and its transmitter causes EMI to your hi-fi
they arrive at your ears, can affect: system. Which of the following would almost
A. How loud the sound seems. certainly not help?
B. The direction from which the sound seems to A. Buy a radio transmitter that works on the same
be coming. frequencies with the same
C. Both A and B. power output, but is made by a different
D. Neither A nor B. manufacturer.
B. Reduce the transmitter output power.
9. In an acoustic sine wave: C. Use shielded speaker wires in the hi-fi system.
A. The frequency and phase are identical. D. Move the radio transmitting antenna to a
B. The sound power is inversely proportional to location farther away from the hifi system.
the frequency.
C. The sound power is directly proportional to the 16. A tape recording head:
frequency. A. Converts sound waves to radio signals.
D. All of the sound power is concentrated at a B. Converts sound waves to fluctuating electric
single frequency. current.
C. Converts audio-frequency currents to a
10. Vinyl disks are: fluctuating magnetic field.
A. Susceptible to physical damage. D. Converts direct current to audio-frequency
B. Useful primarily in high-power sound systems. currents.
C. Digital media.
D. Preferred for off-the-air sound recording. 17. A microphone:
A. Converts sound waves to radio signals.
11. If an amplifier introduces severe distortion in B. Converts sound waves to fluctuating electric
the waveforms of input signals, then that current.
amplifier is: C. Converts audio-frequency currents to a
A. Not delivering enough power. fluctuating magnetic field.
B. Operating at the wrong frequency. D. Converts direct current to audio-frequency
C. Operating in a nonlinear fashion. currents.
D. Being underdriven.
18. An audio mixer:
12. If a 10-watt amplifier is used with speakers A. Cannot match impedances.
designed for a 100-watt amplifier: B. Cannot make an amplifier more powerful.
A. The speakers are capable of handling the C. Will eliminate EMI.
amplifier output. D. Allows a microphone to be used as a speaker.
B. The amplifier might be damaged by the
speakers. 19. Which of the following media or devices use
C. Electromagnetic interference is likely to occur. digital-to-analog conversion?
D. The speakers are likely to produce distortion of A. A CD player.
the sound. B. A speaker.

51
C. A microphone. D. The overall noise level decreases.
D. A vinyl disk.
8. The term shortwave, in reference to radio,
20. Phase quadrature is sometimes used to: refers to signals having wavelengths of
A. Increase the output from a microphone. approximately:
B. Reduce the susceptibility of a hi-fi system to A. 10 to 100 millimeters.
EMI. B. 100 millimeters to 1 meter.
C. Create the illusion of four-channel stereo when C. 1 to 10 meters.
there are really only two channels. D. 10 to 100 meters.
D. Convert an analog signal to a digital signal, or
vice-versa. 9. In general, as the noise level in a wireless
system increases:
Quiz (Wireless and personal A. Stronger incoming signals are needed to
communications systems) overcome it.
1. A network that employs one powerful central B. Weaker signals can be received.
computer and several PCs is called: C. The temperature of the system rises.
A. A wireless network. D. The bandwidth of the system increases.
B. A local-area network.
C. A client-server network. 10. In a spectrum analyzer, the horizontal axis
D. A peer-to-peer network. shows:
A. Voltage.
2. Infrared and optical wireless links work best: B. Power.
A. Over distances exceeding 1000 miles. C. Frequency.
B. On a line of sight. D. Time.
C. At low radio frequencies.
D. In situations with high levels of noise. 11. A device consisting of a receiver and
transmitter in the same box is called a:
3. Which of the following devices or systems is A. Modem.
not generally considered wireless? B. Transverter.
A. A remote-control garage-door opener. C. Transceiver.
B. An amateur radio station. D. Transponder.
C. A beeper/pager.
D. A telephone set that requires a wall jack. 12. The use of direction-finding equipment to
determine the latitude and longitude of a radio
4. A noise blanker can improve the quality of: transmitter is an example of:
A. Radio reception. A. Radiolocation.
B. Radio transmission. B. IR wireless.
C. Infrared reception. C. The Global Positioning System.
D. Infrared transmission. D. Packet radio.

5. In the United States, a license is required for: 13. A LAN in which each user’s computer stores
A. Receiving on amateur-radio frequencies. its own data is called:
B. Transmitting on amateur-radio frequencies. A. A wireless LAN.
C. Using infrared wireless devices. B. A wide-area LAN.
D. Using a wireless automobile security system. C. LAN topology.
D. A peer-to-peer LAN.
6. Noise in a wireless receiver can be minimized
by: 14. Which of the following constitutes illegal use
A. Raising the temperature to very high values. of ham radio?
B. Reducing the temperature to very low values. A. Selling cars by broadcasting prices to other
C. Maximizing the amplification. hams.
D. Minimizing the relative humidity. B. Talking about the weather and exchanging
local forecasts.
7. As the data speed increases in a wireless C. Talking about who might be the next president
system, all other factors being equal: of the United States.
A. The signal bandwidth increases. D. Connecting a radio to the Internet.
B. The signal bandwidth decreases.
C. The overall noise level increases.

52
15. An electromagnetic wave can be considered B. Color intensity.
to fall in the shortwave band if its free-space C. Wavelength.
wavelength is: D. Dot pitch.
A. 55 kilometers.
B. 55 meters. 4. A cluster is a unit of:
C. 55 centimeters. A. Frequency on a hard drive.
D. 55 millimeters. B. Data on the Internet.
C. Data on a hard drive.
16. In a cellular network, a base station is D. Bandwidth on the Internet.
sometimes called a:
A. Transceiver. 5. An example of a mass-storage device is a:
B. Cell. A. Hard drive.
C. Repeater. B. Microprocessor.
D. Cell phone. C. Modem.
D. Read-write head.
17. An advantage of conventional hard-wired
telephone over cellular is: 6. The character string sgibilisco@noaa.gov might
A. Privacy. represent:
B. Portability. A. A Web site.
C. Ease of use in a car. B. The location of data in memory.
D. LAN topology. C. An e-mail address.
D. A computer’s serial number.
18. An advantage of cellular over conventional
hard-wired telephone is: 7. Bits per second (bps) is a unit of:
A. Security. A. Computer memory.
B. Lower cost. B. Mass storage.
C. Mobility. C. Image resolution.
D. Data speed. D. Data speed.

19. Infrared waves are: 8. A platter is a:

A. Longer than radio waves. A. Part of a hard drive.
B. Longer than visible-light waves. B. Unit of memory.
C. Shorter than visible-light waves. C. Element of a digital image.
D. Inaccurately named; they are really heat rays. D. Semiconductor chip.

20. The GPS might be useful: 9. Protocol ensures that:

A. For improving the performance of a LAN. A. A hard drive runs smoothly.
B. For increasing the data speed in a wireless B. A monitor reproduces color accurately.
system. C. A printer generates a clear image.
C. For minimizing noise in a wireless system. D. Computers can exchange data.
D. To a motorist who is lost.
10. A packet is:
Quiz (Computers and the Internet) A. A computer memory module.
1. One megabyte is the same amount of data as: B. A unit of 210 bytes.
A. 1024 bytes. C. A piece of a file sent over the Net.
B. 1024 KB. D. A picture element in a computer monitor.
C. 1024 GB.
D. 1/1024 KB. 11. A motherboard contains:
A. A microprocessor.
2. The Web would probably work fastest for a B. An external modem.
user in New York at: C. A diskette drive.
A. 2:00 a.m. local time on a Tuesday. D. A display screen.
B. 4:00 p.m. local time on a Wednesday.
C. 12:30 p.m. local time on a Thursday. 12. Cross-referencing among web pages is done
D. Any of the above times; it does not matter. with:
A. Digital signal processing.
3. Image resolution can be specified in terms of: B. A modem.
A. Megahertz. C. Internet relay chat (IRC).

53
D. Links. 1. An android takes the form of:
A. An insect.
13. The abbreviation FTP stands for: B. A human body.
A. Fast Text Packet. C. A simple robot arm.
B. File Transfer Protocol. D. Binocular vision.
C. Frequency/Time Processing.
D. Federal Trade Program. 2. According to Asimov’s three laws, under what
circumstances is it all right for a robot to injure a
14. A telephone modem contains: human being?
A. An internal hard drive. A. Never.
B. A microprocessor. B. When the human being specifically requests it.
C. An A/D converter. C. In case of an accident.
D. A printer interface. D. In case the robot controller is infected with a
computer virus.
15. An asset of a dot-matrix printer is:
A. Low operating cost. 3. Second-generation robots first were used
B. Excellent image detail. around the year:
C. Resemblance to a photocopy machine. A. 1950.
D. Compatibility with most modems. B. 1960.
C. 1970.
16. Which of the following types of mass storage D. 1980.
provide the fastest access time?
A. Magnetic tape. 4. The extent to which a machine vision system
B. CD-ROM. can differentiate between two objects is called
C. Flash memory. the:
D. Hard drive. A. Magnification.
B. Sensitivity.
17. Which of the following is a serial-access C. Selectivity.
medium? D. Resolution.
A. Computer memory.
B. Magnetic tape. 5. An automotive robot might best keep itself
C. A hard drive. traveling down a specific lane of traffic by using:
D. CD-ROM. A. Binaural hearing.
B. Epipolar navigation.
18. When computer data is sent over long- C. Edge detection.
distance telephone circuits, the digital highs and D. A second-generation end effector.
lows are generally represented by:
A. Audio tones. 6. A rule-based system is also known as:
B. A series of clicks. A. Artificial intelligence.
C. Positive and negative direct currents. B. An expert system.
D. Pixels. C. An analytical engine.
D. An automated guided vehicle.
19. For animated graphics involving fast motion,
you should ideally use: 7. A robot that has its own computer, and can
A. A laser printer. work independently of other robots or computers,
B. A hard drive. is called an:
C. Hypertext. A. Android.
D. A noninterlaced monitor. B. Insect robot.
C. Automated guided vehicle.
20. A thermal printer might be the best type of D. Autonomous robot.
printer for:
A. Someone who travels a lot. 8. A manipulator is also known as a:
B. Someone who works with animated graphics. A. Track drive.
C. Someone who needs to print huge text B. Robot arm.
documents. C. Vision system.
D. Someone who needs top-quality printouts. D. Robot controller.

Quiz (Robotics and artificial intelligence) 9. An android is well suited for operation in:

54
A. Extreme weather conditions.
B. Total darkness. 18. A robot arm that moves along three
C. An assembly line. independent axes, each of which is straight and
D. An environment with children. perpendicular to the other two, employs:
A. Revolute geometry.
10. Proximity sensing is most closely akin to: B. Spherical coordinate geometry.
A. Direction measurement. C. Cartesian coordinate geometry.
B. Epipolar navigation. D. Cylindrical coordinate geometry.
C. Distance measurement.
D. Machine vision. 19. A color vision system can use three gray-scale
cameras, equipped with filters that allow which
11. A telechir is used in conjunction with: three colors of light to pass?
A. An automated guided vehicle. A. Blue, red, and yellow.
B. Telepresence. B. Blue, red, and green.
C. An insect robot. C. Cyan, magenta, and yellow.
D. An autonomous robot. D. Orange, green, and violet.

12. An absolute limit to the distance over which 20. A robot can determine the steepness of a
teleoperation is practical is imposed by: slope using a(n):
A. The speed of light. A. Epipolar navigation system.
B. The image resolution of the vision system. B. Clinometer.
C. The ability of a robot to determine texture. C. End effector.
D. All of the above. D. Manipulator.

13. Rodney Brooks is best known for his work Test: Part four
with: 1. A machine vision system that uses two
A. Epipolar navigation. cameras to allow a robot to sense depth is:
B. Binocular vision. A. Binaural.
C. Range sensing and plotting. B. Binocular.
D. Insect robots. C. Monaural.
D. Monocular.
14. An asset of epipolar navigation is the fact that E. High resolution.
it:
A. Does not require binaural hearing. 2. A VU meter contains a scale that measures
B. Does not require a computer. relative:
C. Can be done from a single observation frame. A. Decibels.
D. Requires no reference points at all. B. Current.
C. Voltage.
15. Spherical coordinates can uniquely define the D. Power.
position of a point in up to: E. Frequency.
A. One dimension.
B. Two dimensions. 3.. A fleet of insect robots generally has:
C. Three dimensions. A. Low individual intelligence but high group
D. Four dimensions. intelligence.
B. High individual intelligence but low group
16. The number of ways in which a robot arm can intelligence.
move is known as: C. Low individual intelligence and low group
A. Degrees of rotation. intelligence.
B. Degrees of freedom. D. High individual intelligence and high group
C. Degrees of arc. intelligence.
D. Coordinate geometry. E. None of the above.

17. The region throughout which a robot arm can 4. When two or more audio sources drive a single
accomplish tasks is called its: amplifier, it is good engineering practice to use:
A. Coordinate geometry. A. A synthesizer.
B. Reference axis. B. An audio-frequency choke.
C. Reference frame. C. An audio mixer.
D. Work envelope. D. A graphic equalizer.

55
E. A phase control. D. In a polar orbit.
E. Midway between the earth and the moon.
5. The use of a stereo headset to listen to music
while driving: 12. Which consideration is the most important in
A. Is good because it keeps passengers from a hi-fi audio amplifier?
distracting the driver. A. Power output.
B. Is dangerous. B. Efficiency.
C. Keeps the driver’s mind on the road. C. Linearity.
D. Is good because it prevents road rage. D. Input impedance.
E. Is better than using car speakers. E. Output impedance.

6. A quantitative measure of the ability of a 13. The microprocessor in a computer is part of

machine vision system to detect dim light is its: the:
A. Selectivity. A. Random-access memory.
B. Resolution. B. Central processing unit.
C. Sensitivity. C. Read-only memory.
D. Field of view. D. Hard drive.
E. Amplitude ratio. E. Internet controller.

7. The pitch of an audio sine-wave tone depends 14. An RF transducer is:

on:
A. The amplitude of the disturbance.
B. The frequency of the disturbance.
C. The polarization of the disturbance.
D. The medium through which the sound travels.
E. The waveform of the disturbance.
A. Sensitive only within the range of human
hearing.
B. Sensitive only to visible light.
C. An antenna.
D. An analog-to-digital converter.
E. A digital-to-analog converter.

8. Three-dimensional range plotting is generally 15. Vacuum tubes might be found in:
done in: A. A portable headset tape player.
A. Linear coordinates. B. The amplifier used by a band at a rock concert.
B. Rectangular coordinates. C. A meter for measuring sound intensity.
C. Polar coordinates. D. A robot controller.
D. Celestial coordinates. E. A GPS receiver.
E. Spherical coordinates.
16. One kilobyte is the same amount of data as:
9. A form of communications in which either party A. 1024 bits.
can “hear” while “talking,” thus allowing one B. 1024 kilobits.
party to instantly interrupt the other at any time, C. 1024 megabits.
is called: D. 1024 gigabits.
A. Half simplex. E. None of the above.
B. Full simplex.
C. Half duplex. 17. Hexaphonic sound is not common, but if it
D. Full duplex. were, it would most likely be used for:
E. Nothing. There is no such mode of A. True three-dimensional hi-fi audio reproduction.
communications. B. Two-way radio communications.
C. Ensuring that an AM/FM tuner can receive at
10. Which of the following is an example of least six stations.
wireless technology? D. Improving the dynamic range of a speaker
A. The Global Positioning System. system.
B. A field-effect transistor. E. Robot control.
C. A junction diode.
D. A carbon-composition resistor. 18. Range sensing and range plotting are
E. Digital-to-analog conversion. basically the same thing except for the:
A. Light-detecting sensitivity.
11. A satellite in a LEO system is usually: B. Image resolution.
A. At an altitude of 22,300 miles. C. Selectivity.
B. Geosynchronous. D. Wavelength at which the system functions.
C. In a retrograde orbit. E. Number of dimensions involved.

56
 C. Sectors.
19. In a component-type hi-fi system, cables D. Divisions.
connecting the various units should be: E. Storage units.
A. As long as possible.
B. Single-conductor only. 26. A robot arm moves in three dimensions
C. Connected in parallel. according to a polar coordinate scheme with a
D. Shielded whenever possible. linear elevation dimension added. This is called:
E. Connected in series. A. Spherical coordinate geometry.
B. Rectangular coordinate geometry.
20. A radio antenna receives 50 watts of RF C. Cartesian coordinate geometry.
power from a transmitter, and radiates 49 watts D. Concentric coordinate geometry.
of that power into space. Which of the following E. Cylindrical coordinate geometry.
statements is true?
A. The antenna is 98 percent efficient. 27. In a volatile memory chip:
B. The loss resistance is 1 ohm. A. The stored data is retained even when power is
C. The loss resistance is 1 percent. removed.
D. The ground loss is 1 watt. B. The stored data vanishes when power is
E. The antenna feed line loss is 1 watt. removed.
C. The stored data capacity is greater than that of
21. The technical expression for robot-arm joint a hard drive.
flexibility is: D. The stored data capacity declines with the
A. Degrees of rotation. passage of time.
B. Radians of rotation. E. The reliability has deteriorated and the chip
C. Degrees of flexibility. should be replaced.
D. Manipulator flexibility.
E. The work envelope. 28. At low volume levels in an audio amplifier
system, the dynamic range is limited primarily by
22. In an Internet connection, the receiving the:
computer is also known as the: A. Input impedance.
A. Server. B. Efficiency.
B. Host. C. Input power.
C. Peer. D. Noise level.
D. Node. E. Frequency.
E. Destination.
29. In a wireless system, noise always:
23. The term refresh rate refers to: A. Improves the bandwidth.
A. The number of times per second that an image B. Increases data transfer rate.
is renewed in a computer display. C. Reduces the transmitted signal power.
B. The number of times per second that a D. Degrades performance.
computer memory contents change. E. Makes communication or data transfer
C. The speed at which files on a hard drive are impossible.
overwritten.
D. The number of bits per second transferred in 30. The noise level in a wireless receiver can be
an Internet connection. reduced using:
E. The time it takes to recharge a nickel-cadmium A. A more powerful final amplifier.
electrochemical cell. B. A grounded-grid configuration.
C. Cryotechnology.
24. The “brain” of a computer is the: D. The Global Positioning System.
A. Hard drive. E. A large antenna.
B. Controller.
C. Microprocessor. 31. Image resolution is an important specification
D. CD-ROM. in:
E. Monitor. A. Oscillators.
B. Computer monitors.
25. On a computer hard drive, the circular tracks C. Receiver sensitivity.
are broken into arcs called: D. Rectifier diodes.
A. Clusters. E. Superheterodyne receivers.
B. Bytes.

57
32. According to Asimov’s laws, a robot must D. Short-wavelength response.
obey all orders from humans: E. Long-wavelength response.
A. No matter what.
B. As long as nobody gets hurt or killed as a 39. A machine hearing system can best identify
result. the sort of
C. As long as the power is on. device or object producing a sound by analyzing
D. Unless its controller is infected with a the:
computer virus. A. Distance to the sound source.
E. As long as it does not cause the robot B. Direction from which the sound is coming.
controller to crash. C. Duration of the sound.
D. Number of sources from which the sound is
33. The use of a cell phone is prohibited in a coming.
commercial aircraft in flight because: E. Waveform of the sound.
A. It can annoy other passengers.
B. It can interfere with other people’s cell phones. 40. A ratio detector is a circuit for demodulating:
C. The interior of the aircraft produces a A. AM.
dangerous RF resonant cavity. B. HM.
D. It won’t work anyhow. C. FM.
E. It can interfere with flight instruments and D. SSB.
communications. E. AFSK.

34. A satellite can remain over the same spot on 41. A belt drive might be found in a:
the earth’s surface at all times: A. Synthesized AM/FM tuner.
A. Only if it orbits at an altitude of 22,300 miles. B. Robotic vision system.
B. Only if it is a member of a LEO fleet. C. CD player.
C. Only if its orbit is retrograde. D. Graphic equalizer.
D. Only if its orbit is polar. E. Turntable.
E. Never. An orbiting satellite always moves
relative to the earth’s surface. 42. A robot can be considered autonomous if:
A. It is self-contained.
35. Signal-plus-noise-to-noise ratio (S_N/N) is B. It has its own computer system.
often specified when stating a receiver’s: C. It does not rely on a central computer to
A. Selectivity. receive its commands.
B. Stability. D. Conditions A, B, and C are all true.
C. Modulation coefficient. E. Any one of conditions A, B, or C is true.
D. Sensitivity.
E. Polarization. 43. Sound waves in air consist of:
A. Fluctuating magnetic fields.
36. A platter is a part of a device known as: B. Fluctuating electric fields.
A. A videotape recorder. C. Fluctuating electric and magnetic fields.
B. A ceramic filter. D. Vibrating electron orbits.
C. Tape memory. E. Vibrating molecules.
D. A hard drive.
E. A voltage-controlled oscillator. 44. An AM/FM hi-fi tuner that derives its
frequency from a quartz crystal and
37. Which type of modulation consists of one phase-locking circuits is said to be:
voice sideband, with a suppressed carrier? A. Broadband.
A. AM. B. Synthesized.
B. SSB. C. Phased.
C. FM. D. Modulated.
D. RTTY. E. Analog.
E. PCM.
45. Epipolar navigation is a means by which a
38. In a machine vision system, enhanced machine can locate objects and plot a course in:
sensitivity often involves a sacrifice in the: A. The total darkness of the deep ocean.
A. Image resolution. B. A straight line.
B. Memory capacity. C. Three-dimensional space.
C. Data speed. D. A circular path.

58
E. The north and south polar regions only. C. Generating CW.
D. Detecting CW.
46. The term robot generation refers to: E. Any of the above.
A. The time period in which a particular type of
robot was developed. 3. A Colpitts circuit is a form of:
B. A robot-controlled electric power plant. A. Amplifier.
C. The manufacture of robots by other robots. B. Detector.
D. The manufacture of robots by human beings. C. Modulator.
E. The number of times a robot has copied itself. D. Oscillator.
E. Rectifier.
47. Which word best completes the following
sentence? “ The human ear/brain perceives 4. The high component density of integrated
sound volume according to the _________ of the circuits acts to:
actual intensity.” A. Maximize the power output.
A. Sum. B. Increase the current drain.
B. Product. C. Increase the voltage requirements.
C. Square. D. Increase the operating speed.
D. Square root. E. Reduce the frequency range.
E. Logarithm.
5. A utility meter generally measures:
48. Human eyes can see electromagnetic A. Watts.
radiation over a wavelength range of B. Amperes.
approximately: C. Kilowatt hours.
A. 390 to 750 meters. D. Kilowatts.
B. 390 to 750 millimeters. E. Volt hours.
C. 390 to 750 micrometers.
D. 390 to 750 nanometers. 6. High voltages are better than low voltages for
E. 390 to 750 kilometers. long-distance electric power transmission
because:
49. The World Wide Web is: A. The lines can better withstand lightning
A. Part of the Internet. strokes.
B. A company that manufactures communications B. The magnetic fields are weaker.
equipment. C. The electric fields are weaker.
C. An agreement between nations concerning D. The I2R losses are lower.
data protocols. E. No. Low voltages are better.
D. Another name for the Global Positioning
System. 7. A member of a fleet of robots, all under the
E. A satellite television network. control of a single central computer and able to
communicate only with that computer and not
50. Synchronizing pulses in a video signal: with each other, is called:
A. Keep the brightness constant. A. An android.
B. Keep the contrast constant. B. An autonomous robot.
C. Keep the image from rolling. C. A dependent robot.
D. Ensure that the colors are right. D. An independent robot.
E. Keep the image in good focus. E. An insect robot.

Final exam 8. An advantage of a laser printer over a dot-

1. As the frequency of ac increases in a coil, the matrix printer for computer applications is:
reactance: A. Lower cost.
A. Gets larger negatively. B. Superior image quality.
B. Gets smaller negatively. C. Greater bandwidth.
C. Stays the same. D. Lower resolution.
D. Gets larger positively. E. Better voltage regulation.
E. Gets smaller positively.
9. The output electrode of a bipolar transistor is
2. A beat-frequency oscillator is useful for: usually the:
A. Generating FM. A. Grid.
B. Detecting FM. B. Gate.

59
C. Base. E. Any of the above.
D. Source.
E. Collector. 17. In an AM voice signal, the audio information
is:
10. The schematic symbol for an op amp is: A. Exactly at the carrier frequency.
A. A triangle. B. Contained in sidebands.
B. A circle. C. At harmonics of the carrier frequency.
C. A circle with a line through it. D. Rectified before being impressed onto the
D. A rectangle. carrier.
E. A D-shaped figure. E. Detected before being impressed onto the
carrier.
11. For a given value of capacitance, as the
frequency goes down, the reactance: 18. The oscillating frequency of a quartz crystal
A. Approaches zero from the negative side. can be varied slightly by:
B. Gets more and more negative. A. Changing the bias on the transistor.
C. Approaches zero from the positive side. B. Changing the voltage across the varactor.
D. Gets more and more positive. C. Reversing the power supply polarity.
E. Stays the same. D. Placing a small variable capacitor across the
crystal.
12. In a 360-Hz wave, a degree of phase E. No. The frequency of a crystal cannot be
represents: changed at all.
A. 1.00 second.
B. 1/360 second. 19. When several resistances are connected in
C. 360 milliseconds. series:
D. 7.72 microseconds. A. The current is the same through each one.
E. A quantity you can’t calculate from this data. B. The voltage is the same across each one.
C. Both A and B are true.
13. A device that converts visible light into dc is: D. Neither A nor B is true.
A. A phototransistor. E. They must all have the same value.
B. A photovoltaic cell.
C. An optovoltaic cell. 20. In a power supply, resistors are sometimes
D. An optocell. connected in series with the diodes in order to:
E. An optoisolator. A. Increase the current output.
B. Protect the diodes against surge currents.
14. Which of the following is not an example of C. Help the diodes discharge.
wireless? D. Bleed charge from the filter capacitors.
A. The connection between a computer and its E. Regulate the output voltage.
monitor.
B. A cellular telephone system. 21. In a purely resistive impedance, there is:
C. The Global Positioning System. A. A net capacitance.
D. A beeper. B. A net inductance.
E. A LEO satellite system. C. Zero resistance.
D. Zero reactance.
15. A circuit has a battery of 3.0 V and a bulb E. Zero conductance.
with a resistance of 12.0 ohms. The current
through the bulb is: 22. Two 400-_H inductors are connected in series.
A. 36 A. There is no mutual inductance. The total
B. 4.0 A. inductance is:
C. 250 mA. A. 100 _H.
D. 40 mA. B. 200 _H.
E. 36 mA. C. 400 _H.
D. 800 _H.
16. A small 9-V battery might be used to provide E. 1.6 mH.
power to:
A. An electronic calculator. 23. The current-carrying part of a field-effect
B. A personal computer. transistor, analogous to a garden hose in some
C. A radio transmitter. ways, is called the:
D. An electric iron. A. Source.

60
B. Gate. B. 90–180 degrees.
C. Drain. C. 180–270 degrees.
D. Source-drain junction. D. 270–360 degrees.
E. Channel. E. 360 degrees.

24. In a rectifier diode, current flows for 32. An advantage of parallel data transfer over
approximately how much of the ac cycle? serial transfer is:
A. 360 degrees. A. Higher speed.
B. 270 degrees. B. Narrower bandwidth.
C. 180 degrees. C. Lower frequency.
D. 90 degrees. D. Higher power.
E. 45 degrees. E. Better signal-to-noise ratio.

25. A millivolt is: 33. One way to keep interelectrode capacitance

A. 103 V. to a minimum is to:
B. 10_3 V. A. Use only electrolytic capacitors.
C. 106 V. B. Avoid the use of sheet metal.
D. 10_6 V. C. Use batteries as the source of power.
E. 10_9 V. D. Keep wire leads short.
E. Use air-core transformers.
26. The reciprocal of reactance is called:
A. Impedance. 34. One advantage of ac (compared with dc) as a
B. Conductance. source of
C. Resistance. utility power is that:
D. Admittance. A. It can be used at safer voltage levels.
E. Susceptance. B. It can be easily stepped up or down in voltage.
C. There is lower transmission line loss.
27. Another name for joules per second is: D. The waveshape can be varied easily.
A. Volts. E. Higher voltages can be used.
B. Amperes.
C. Ohms. 35. An element of matter:
D. Gilberts. A. Is a good conductor.
E. Watts. B. Has a unique number of protons.
C. Is an insulator.
28. In a pure inductance: D. Makes a good electronic component.
A. Current lags voltage by 90 degrees. E. Can be fabricated onto an IC chip.
B. Current lags voltage by less than 90 degrees.
C. Current and voltage are in phase. 36. A transformer quadruples the ac voltage. The
D. Current leads voltage by 90 degrees. primary-to-secondary impedance ratio is
E. Current leads voltage by 180 degrees. therefore:
A. 1:16.
29. A form of microwave electron tube is: B. 1:4.
A. A cavity resonator. C. 1:1.
B. A triode. D. 4:1.
C. A Klystron. E. 16:1.
D. A cathode-ray tube.
E. None of the above. 37. Frequency multiplication is possible with a
semiconductor diode because the diode is:
30. Magnetic lines of flux are generally: A. Amplifying.
A. Parallel with the flow of electric current. B. Detecting.
B. In the plane of the electric current. C. Forward-biased.
C. At right angles to the flow of current. D. Reverse-biased.
D. At a 45 degree angle to the flow of current. E. Nonlinear.
E. Impossible to predict as to their direction.
38. An ammeter measures:
31. A class-A amplifier conducts during how much A. Current.
of the input cycle? B. Voltage.
A. Less than 90 degrees. C. Resistance.

61
D. Power. B. A resistor in parallel with the rectifier output.
E. Energy. C. An inductor in parallel with the rectifier output.
D. A capacitor in series with the rectifier output.
39. A good type of resistor to use in a radio E. A resistor in series with the rectifier output.
amplifier is:
A. Carbon composition. 46. If an ac admittance contains finite, nonzero
B. Wirewound. resistance and finite, nonzero susceptance:
C. Silver mica. A. The impedance is a pure resistance.
D. Reactive. B. The impedance is zero.
E. Tantalum. C. The resistance is zero.
D. The impedance is complex.
40. An advantage of machine vision over human E. No. An ac admittance cannot contain
vision is the fact that: susceptance.
A. Machines can see at wavelengths to which
human eyes are blind. 47. Three resistances are in parallel, with values
B. Machine vision systems have equal sensitivity of 100, 200, and 300 ohms. The current through
at all wavelengths. the 200-ohm resistor is 500 mA. What is the
C. Machine vision can measure pressure. voltage across the whole combination?
D. Machine vision engineers need not take image A. There isn’t enough information to figure it out.
resolution into account. B. 400 V.
E. Machine vision engineers need not take C. 400 mV.
sensitivity into account. D. 100 V.
E. 100 mV.
41. A logic circuit has an output 0 when the input
is 1, and vice 48. As the frequency of ac increases, the
versa. This is: reactance of an inductor:
A. A NOR gate. A. Remains constant.
B. An AND gate. B. Becomes small positively.
C. A NOT gate. C. Becomes small negatively.
D. An XOR gate. D. Becomes large negatively.
E. An XNOR gate. E. Becomes large positively.

42. A type of FM detector that has its limiter built 49. The rate of change in a quantity is called the:
in is: A. Effective value.
A. A balanced modulator. B. Instantaneous value.
B. A beat-frequency oscillator. C. Average value.
C. An envelope detector. D. Peak value.
D. A product detector. E. Derivative.
E. A ratio detector.
50. The axis of the geomagnetic field:
43. Which of the following materials is/are A. Corresponds exactly with the rotational axis.
commonly used as a semiconductor? B. Is slanted with respect to the rotational axis.
A. Silver-mica. C. Is perpendicular to the rotational axis.
B. Ferrite. D. Runs parallel to lines of latitude.
C. Gallium arsenide. E. Is circular in shape.
D. Tantalum.
E. All of the above. 51. One of the main shortcomings of MOSFETs is
that they:
44. In an NPN bipolar transistor circuit: A. Are easily damaged by static electricity.
A. The dc collector voltage is negative. B. Require high voltages.
B. The output is taken from the base. C. Consume large amounts of current.
C. The dc collector voltage is positive. D. Have very low gain.
D. The output is taken from the drain. E. Do not have good sensitivity.
E. Negative feedback must be used.
52. Resistivity of wire can be specified in:
45. A simple power supply filter can be made A. Volts per ohm.
using: B. Ohms per volt.
A. A capacitor in parallel with the rectifier output. C. Ohms per meter.

62
D. Amperes per ohm. E. Any of the above.
E. Ohms per ampere.
59. In a resistance/inductance (RL) series circuit:
53. A complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor A. Current lags voltage by 180 degrees.
(CMOS) IC: B. Current lags voltage by 90 degrees.
A. Employs diodes and NPN transistors on a single C. Current lags voltage by less than 90 degrees.
chip. D. Current and voltage are in phase.
B. Employs N-channel and P-channel FETs on a E. Current leads voltage by 90 degrees.
single chip.
C. Uses two chips connected together in a special 60. In three-phase ac, the difference in phase
way. between any two waves is:
D. Uses resistors and PNP transistors on a single A. 30 degrees.
chip. B. 45 degrees.
E. Consists of metal oxide sandwiched between C. 60 degrees.
two layers of P-type material. D. 90 degrees.
E. 120 degrees.
54. A piano sounds different than a saxophone,
even if the notes are at the same frequency, 61. Electrostatic forces can be measured to
because of a difference in: directly indicate:
A. Bias. A. Power.
B. Waveform. B. Frequency.
C. Voltage. C. Current.
D. Current. D. Resistance.
E. The way you imagine it. E. Voltage.

55. Inductances in parallel, assuming there is no 62. A circuit has a complex impedance of 9 _ j12.
mutual inductance, add up like: The absolute-value impedance is:
A. Resistances in series. A. 15 ohms.
B. Resistances in parallel. B. 9 ohms.
C. Capacitances in parallel. C. 12 ohms.
D. Batteries in parallel. D. 21 ohms.
E. No other type of electrical component. E. Impossible to calculate from this data.

56. A reactance modulator produces: 63. Three resistors, each of 30 ohms, are
A. CW. connected in parallel. The net resistance is:
B. AM. A. 90 ohms.
C. SSB. B. 60 ohms.
D. FM. C. 33 ohms.
E. PCM. D. 10 ohms.
E. Impossible to determine from the data given.
57. Antenna efficiency is:
A. Usually more important in transmitting 64. The logical statement X _ Y _ Y _ X depicts:
systems than in receiving systems. A. The distributive property.
B. The difference between the input and output B. The associative property.
power. C. The commutative property.
C. A direct function of the noise in a transmitting D. The de Morgan theorem.
system. E. The behavior of a NOR gate.
D. The proportion of input power that gets
converted into heat. 65. A cell that can be recharged, and therefore
E. Highest when the transmitter final amplifier is used again and again, is called:
maximally efficient. A. A secondary cell.
B. A multiple-use cell.
58. In a parallel-resonant LC circuit, the C. A primary cell.
impedance is: D. A tertiary cell.
A. Low and reactive. E. A battery.
B. High and reactive.
C. Low and resistive. 66. A resistor has a positive temperature
D. High and resistive. coefficient of 1.00 percent per degree C. If its

63
value is 100 ohms at 20 degrees C, what is its C. Improved intelligibility.
value at 25 degrees C? D. Relative immunity to atmospheric noise.
A. 100 ohms. E. All of the foregoing.
B. 105 ohms.
C. 95 ohms. 73. A dc voltage-divider network is made using:
D. 125 ohms. A. Inductors.
E. It can’t be calculated from this data. B. Resistors.
C. Capacitors.
67. A memory that can be easily accessed, but D. Bipolar transistors.
not written over, is called: E. FETs.
A. RAM.
B. PRAM. 74. The electron volt is a unit of:
C. CMOS. A. Voltage.
D. ROM. B. Current.
E. CROM. C. Power.
D. Electric field strength.
68. The capacitance between two parallel sheets E. Energy.
of metal is:
A. Directly proportional to the distance between 75. A transformer has a primary-to-secondary
them. turns ratio of 10:1. The input is 120V rms ac. The
B. Inversely proportional to the distance between output is:
them. A. 12 kV rms ac.
C. Not dependent on the distance between them. B. 1.2 kV rms ac.
D. Inversely proportional to their surface area. C. 120 V rms ac.
E. Negligible unless the sheets are both gigantic. D. 12 V rms ac.
E. 1.2 V rms ac.
69. The forward base bias in a transistor is
increased until the collector current levels off. 76. Wave X leads wave Y by 270 degrees. This
This condition is: would be better expressed by saying that:
A. Cutoff. A. Wave X lags wave Y by 90 degrees.
B. Saturation. B. Wave X lags wave Y by 180 degrees.
C. Pinchoff. C. Wave X lags wave Y by 270 degrees.
D. Forward breakover. D. Waves X and Y are out of phase.
E. Avalanche. E. Waves X and Y are in phase.

70. An advantage of a LEO communications 77. Which type of amplifier circuit has the
satellite system over a geostationary transistor or FET biased exactly at cutoff or
communications satellite is the fact that: pinchoff when there is no signal input?
A. The bandwidth is greater. A. Class-A.
B. The image resolution is superior. B. Class-AB.
C. The satellites never change their position in C. Class-B.
the sky. D. Class-C.
D. Large, high-gain antennas are not required. E. Class-D.
E. The satellites orbit at higher altitudes.
78. The term resolution might apply to:
71. A coil has 20 mH of inductance. What is the A. A hi-fi amplifier system.
inductive reactance? B. A power supply.
A. 20 ohms. C. A machine vision system.
B. 0.05 ohms. D. An NPN bipolar transistor.
C. 50 ohms. E. An electrolytic capacitor.
D. 20k ohms.
E. There isn’t enough information given here to 79. An audio oscillator that uses two amplifiers in
figure it out. cascade, with positive feedback from the output
of the second stage to the input of the first stage,
72. What is an advantage of digital signal is known as a:
processing (DSP)? A. Colpitts circuit.
A. Improved signal-to-noise ratio. B. Hartley circuit.
B. Enhanced fidelity. C. Multivibrator.

64
D. VCO. 87. A common lab multimeter cannot measure:
E. Clapp circuit. A. Current.
B. Frequency.
80. The main factor that limits the frequency at C. Voltage.
which a P-N junction will rectify is the: D. Resistance.
A. PIV rating. E. It can measure any of the above.
B. Junction capacitance.
C. Junction resistance. 88. In a P-channel JFET:
D. Junction inductance. A. The drain is positive with respect to the source.
E. Reverse bias current. B. The gate must be grounded.
C. The majority carriers are holes.
81. The henry is a: D. The source receives the input signal.
A. Very small unit. E. All of the above are true.
B. Unit of capacitive reactance.
C. Measure of transistor gain. 89. If you place a bar of iron inside a cylindrical
D. Unit of phase. coil of wire, and then run dc through the wire, you
E. Very large unit. have:
82. A diode that can be used as a variable A. A rheostat.
capacitance is a: B. A permanent magnet.
A. GaAsFET. C. A flux meter.
B. Silicon rectifier. D. An electric generator.
C. Point-contact diode. E. An electromagnet.
D. Varactor.
E. Germanium detector. 90. Admittance is a quantity expressing:
A. Opposition to dc.
83. Elements can join together to form: B. Opposition to audio signals.
A. Ions. C. Ease with which a circuit passes ac.
B. Isotopes. D. The ratio of capacitance to inductance.
C. Nuclei. E. The ratio of reactance to resistance.
D. Compounds.
E. Majority carriers. 91. In a common-emitter bipolar-transistor circuit:
A. The collector is at signal ground.
84. The rms value for an ac wave is also B. The output is taken from the base.
sometimes called the: C. The emitter is at signal ground.
A. Absolute value. D. The bases of two transistors are connected
B. Direct-current value. together.
C. Effective value. E. The output is taken from the emitter.
D. Equivalent value.
E. Reactive value. 92. In a certain resistance-capacitance (RC)
circuit, the current leads the voltage by 45
85. The gigabyte is a unit commonly used as a degrees. The resistance is 50 ohms. The
measure of: capacitive reactance is:
A. Data access time. A. 25 ohms.
B. Data frequency. B. _25 ohms.
C. Data transfer speed. C. 50 ohms.
D. Data storage capacity. D. _50 ohms.
E. Data communications accuracy. E. Impossible to determine from this information.

86. In a parallel combination of light bulbs, if one
bulb socket totally shorts out:
A. The circuit had better have a fuse or a circuit
breaker.
B. The other bulbs will burn out.
C. The other bulbs will dim slightly, but stay lit.
D. The current drawn from the source will
decrease.
E. None of the above.
93. The VA power is equal to the true power only
when:
A. A circuit has no resistance.
B. A circuit has no impedance.
C. A circuit has no reactance.
D. The complex impedance is high.
E. The phase angle is 45 degrees.

65
94. Binaural machine hearing can be A. Is stored on magnetic disks.
advantageous over monaural machine hearing B. Consists of analog waveforms.
because the binaural scheme: C. Is retained after the power is removed.
A. Allows a robot to measure the frequency of a D. Must pass through a modem before it can be
sound. understood by the CPU.
B. Allows a robot to determine the amplitude of a E. Cannot be used by a microprocessor.
sound.
C. Allows a robot to tell from which direction a
sound is coming.
D. Allows a robot to ascertain the waveform of a
sound.
E. Allows a robot to interpret spoken commands.

95. The standard unit of inductance is the:

A. Farad.
B. Henry.
C. Gilbert.
D. Gauss.
E. Tesla.

96. The output of an amplifier circuit is 20 V and

the input is 5.0 V. The input and output
impedances are identical. The circuit thus has a
gain of:
A. 4 dB.
B. 6 dB.
C. 12 dB.
D. _4 dB.
E. _6 dB.

97. An example of a device that converts

electrical energy into visible radiant energy is:
A. A photocell.
B. A phototransistor.
C. A photovoltaic cell.
D. A light-emitting diode.
E. A speaker.

98. What is the function of bleeder resistors in a

power supply?
A. To regulate the current.
B. To regulate the voltage.
C. To protect the rectifier diodes against
electromagnetic interference.
D. To protect the rectifier diodes against current
surges.
E. To discharge the filter capacitors after the
supply is shut off.

99. A resistor of 100 ohms carries 333 mA dc. The

power dissipated by that resistor is:
A. 300 mW.
B. 3.33 W.
C. 33.3 W.
D. 3.33 W.
E. 11.1 W.

100. The data in nonvolatile memory:

66