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A PETROPHYSICAL DILEMMA
Ko Ko Kyi
Retired Principal Petrophysicist
12 April 2019
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
– Porosity Definition
– Porosity Concepts
– Porosity From Logs
– Choice of Porosity System
– Current Company Practice
– Prevailing Industry Practices
– Conclusions and Discussions
POROSITY DEFINITION
FT = FW + FH + FWB
WHERE, FT = TOTAL POROSITY
FW = POROSITY OCCUPIED BY WATER (BOTH FREE AND
IRREDUCIBLE)
FH = POROSITY OCCUPIED BY HYDROCARBONS
FWB = POROSITYOCCUPIED BY CLAY BOUND WATER
FE = FT – FWB
Density Log
Sonic Log
Sonic Log
Crossplot Porosity
Effective Porosity
FE = FT – Vsh*FTsh
This figure represents the components of the gross rock (bulk) volume
as a strip. The individual components are not to scale. For example,
porosity and pore volume are over-emphasised for illustrative purposes.
Source: Tony Kennaird, Core Laboratories
Porosity Types – Core Analysis Perspective
Where:
CBW = Clay bound water
SF = Salinity Factor (0.6425 * S-0.5 + 0.22)
Qv = Cation Exchange Capacity, meq/ml pore space
S = Salinity, g/l
• The Sonic Log is the best tool if the hole is irregular, secondary
porosity is important, or heavy minerals (such as pyrite) are
present.
Comparison of
porosity from
calibrated
density log with
core porosity
Conclusions and Discussions
• Impressive magnitude of laboratory work and amount of support
in technical literature have advocated the use of Total Porosity
system in formation evaluation.