The text defines psychology as

Your Answer: the study of human

behavior.
Correct Answer: the science of
behavior and
mental processes.

2. "A penny saved is a penny earned"

is an example of

Your Answer: folk wisdom.

3. Mary had always believed in an

afterlife, so when Fred had a near-
death experience and described
heaven to her, she believed him.
Mary's reaction can be explained
by

Your Answer: the law of

parsimony.
Correct Answer: bias.

4. When a car dealer tells you that a

used car is a great buy, you should
evaluate the statement carefully
because of the dealer's

Your Answer: bias.

5. Which statement does NOT

demonstrate cause and effect?

Your Answer: It always rains

after I wash the
car.

6. An association between two

variables is

Your Answer: a correlation.

7. Scientists use a system of
investigation known as

Your Answer: the scientific

method.

8. The early childhood education

students watched the class but did
not interfere with the activities.
They were participating in

Your Answer: naturalistic

observation.

9. If Sam's SAT score is high and he

gets good grades, his score on the
SAT and his grades are

Your Answer: positively

correlated.

10. A representative sample

Your Answer: is selected to

reflect the
characteristics of a
larger group.

11. A focus group is an example of

Your Answer: quantitative

research.
Correct Answer: qualitative
research.

12. Variables, other than the

independent variable, that can
influence the outcome of an
experiment are _____ variables.

Your Answer: extraneous

13. Random assignment

 Your Answer: results in two
groups that
are as
different as
possible.
Correct Answer: results in two
groups that
are similar in
many
characteristics
.

14. ________ statistics are procedures

used to analyze data after an
experiment is conducted to
determine if an independent
variable had an effect.

Your Answer: Analytical

Correct Answer: Inferential

15. The _____ is calculated by dividing

the total of the scores by the
number of scores.

Your Answer: mean

16. When the APA talks about

confidentiality, it means

Your Answer: the participants'

names and
identities should
not be used.

17. Structuralism was founded by

Your Answer: Wilhelm Wundt.

18. The _____ approach started in

Germany with Max Wertheimer.

Your Answer: Gestalt

19. Sigmund Freud developed the
_____ perspective.

Your Answer: psychodynamic

20. The _____ perspective was

characterized by a distinctly
positive view of human nature.

Your Answer: behavioral

Correct Answer: humanistic

21. The principle of _____ states that

the strongest of most fit organisms
are those that have adapted best
to their environment.

Your Answer: survival theory

Correct Answer: natural
selection

22. Doctoral degrees in psychology

were granted to African Americans

Your Answer: at Harvard

first in the
1950s.
Correct Answer: beginning in
the 1930s.

23. The _____ approach is a view of

psychology that combines several
different approaches.

Your Answer: eclectic

24. A medical doctor with specialized

training in the medical treatment
of mental and emotional disorders
is a

Your Answer: psychiatrist.

25. The factory where Sadie works has
a program that designs systems
for resolving disputes within the
company. What kind of
psychologist might run this
program?

Your Answer: I/O