An Intro To Pumping Stations For Water Supply Systems

CERIFIED IN PLUMBING DESIGN (CPD) EXAM REVIEW
ASPE Texas
SYLLABUS
March 17th
1. CPD Exam Review Experience
2. Short Quiz
3. General Math Review
March 17th & 18st
1. Introduction
A. About review class
B. Review Manual
C. What to study/other study material
D. 5 examination areas
2. Gathering Information/Administration
A. Site utility plan information
B. Information from water department
C. Obtaining information about project
D. Estimating
3. Design
A. Flow in drainage systems
(1) Manning formula
(2) Example problems
(3) Velocity requirements
B. Interior drainage systems
(1) Definitions
(2) Terminal length and velocity
(4) Waste connections
(5) Waste pipe installation
(6) Cleanout requirements
(7) Waste and stack sizing
(8) Testing
C. Vent systems
(1) Air characteristics
(2) Static head and PSI conversion
(3) Vent design
(4) Alternate venting methods
D. Sumps and ejectors
(1) Design
E. Storm water systems
(1) Design
F. Site drainage
(1) Design
G. Domestic water systems
(1) Types of water flow
(2) Reynolds number
(3) Velocity requirements
(4) Types of energy
(5) Friction head loss
(6) Hydraulic shock
(7) Methods of peak demand
(8) Pressure requirements
(9) Valve types
H. Domestic hot water systems
(1) Design objectives
(2) Types of water heaters
(4) Hot water mixing
I. Backflow Prevention
(1) Types of backflow prevention
(2) Effectiveness of backflow prevention devices
J. Pumps
(1) Types of pressures
K. Expansion and contraction
(1) Types of expansion
(2) Formula and example problem
L. Fire protection
(1) Examples of authority having jurisdiction (AHJ)
(2) Types of sprinkler systems
(3) Types of flow alarms
M. Fuel gas systems
(1) Types of liquefied petroleum
(2) Pressure types
(3) Design
N. Specifications
(1) 3 parts of specification
O. Construction services
(1) Individual relationships
P. Administration
(1) Budgeting
March 24th
1. Mock Exam
2. Mock Exam Review
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLUMBING ENGINEERS
Professor Profile:
Donald Taylor, CPD, GPD

HOK
Ph. (405) 406-0548
E-mail: donald.taylor@hok.com
Donald Taylor grew up in Purvis, Mississippi. He earned his bachelor’s of Science degree in Architectural
Engineering Technology at the University of Southern Mississippi.
Donald began his career as a plumbing designer in Houston straight out of college. He began by
designing different types of local commercial projects. After two years, he advanced to senior plumbing
designer at one of the largest architectural/engineering firms in the world. There he gained experience
working on international projects, learning to meet unusual criteria by a variety of clientele. After
earning his certification in plumbing design, in a joint effort with a co-worker, he decided to start helping
other designers in Houston prepare for the CPD exam.
He became a full member of ASPE in 2004 and served as a delegate at the 2004 convention in Cleveland,
OH, 2010 convention in Philadelphia, PA, 2012 convention in Charlotte, NC and 2014 convention in
Chicago. He is currently serving on the board of directors of the Houston chapter as VP Technical, served
as co-chairman, then chairman of the ASPE Houston Product Show. With a coordinated effort, he along
with the DFW ASPE chapter started the OKC ASPE chapter and was an interim president for two years.
Donald is currently back with HOK as a senior plumbing designer.
After 9 years in Houston, Donald decided to move to Norman, OK for a slower pace of life and to start a
family. Before moving back to the Houston area, he was in Oklahoma for 5 years and decided to join
Dallas chapter of ASPE after 2 years. Now he is back with the Houston Chapter. Donald and his wife Jean
are blessed with one child, Savannah Jane Taylor.
TAB 1
CPD Key Number Quiz
Short Quiz and Key Numbers To Remember
1) 1 cubic foot = _________ gallons
2) 1 gallon of water = __________ pounds
3) Hydraulic radius (R) = _________ (hint: formula)
4) It is important to maintain a minimum of ________ fps velocity in public

sewers.
5) 2000 btuh = ________ cfh
6) .72 cfs = ___________ gpm
7) 1” wc = ____________psi
8) 1 cubic foot of water = ____________pounds
9) How many minutes minimum must an ejector pump run between high and low
water levels? _________
10) 1 psi = ____________ feet of head
11) g = _______ fps
12) Less than ___ _____ fps velocity should be maintained in water piping.
13) 1 psi gauge pressure = ____ ______ psi atmospheric
14) 1/8 “ slope pipe = ___ _______ ft/ft
15) ___ _______ btuh = 1 kw
16) ___ _____ degrees (F) is max temperature discharge in drainage system
(110, 120, 140 or 180).
17) ____ ____ inches is max distance between trap weir and fixture outlet.
18) What is the neutral PH level for water? __ ______
19) What is the coefficient of flow (K) in a fire sprinkler? ___ ______
20) There is __________ fixture units per gpm discharge flow for a fixture.
TAB 2
CPD Exam Information
TAB 3
Examination Appendix
TAB 4
Formulas
TAB 5
CPD Exam Review
ASPE Texas
CPD Exam Review
2018
Donald Taylor, CPD, GPD
1
Discuss hints for taking the exam.
Go through booklet
2
CPD Review Outline
1. Introduction
2. Gathering Information
3. Design
A. Flow in drainage systems
B. Interior Drainage Systems
C. Vent Systems
D. Sumps and Ejectors
E. Storm Water Systems
F. Site Drainage
3
3. Design (Continued)
G. Domestic Water Systems
H. Domestic Hot Water Systems
I. Pumps
J. Expansion and Contraction
K. Fire Protection
L. Fuel Gas Systems
M. Specifications
N. Construction Services
O. Administration
4. Specification
5. Construction Services
6. Administration
4
Math Review
Take Key Number Quiz
5
1. Introduction
A. This is a review class that will help prepare you to pass the
exam—not teach you plumbing engineering and design.
B. The review manual is intended to assist prospective candidates in
preparing for the Certified in Plumbing Design (CPD) examination.
It is not intended to teach or cover the complete field of plumbing
engineering.
C. Just studying the manual will not help you pass the exam.
D. Other materials for studying are the 4 volumes of ASPE Data
Books and notes given in this review.
E. There are 5 examination areas:
(1) Gathering Information (around 6 questions)
(2) Design (around 65 questions)
(3) Specification (around 13 questions)
(4) Construction Services (around 11 questions)
(5) Administration (around 5 questions)
6
2. Gathering Information
A. These questions pertain to information you can and cannot obtain
from site utility plans.
B. Site utility plans show:
(1) Materials of sewers, manholes and catch basins
(2) Shape of sewers, manholes and catch basins
(3) Elevations of manholes
(4) Slopes of sewers (If not, this information can be determined
by invert of manholes.)
C. Site utility plans do NOT show:
(1) Invert elevations of sewer lines
(2) Capacity of sewer lines
D. Remember that the invert elevation of the pipe is it’s inside
bottom.
E. When dealing with the water department, the information you
should obtain is:
(1) Available pressure
(2) Characteristics of water, such as Ph level and hardness
7
F. Before starting a project, you should obtain:
(1) Applicable codes and ordinances
(2) Location and details of existing utilities
(3) Building set back requirements
(4) Available capacities of pressures of
water and gas
(5) For renovations—”as-built-drawings”
(6) For renovations—list of current
problems and contact information for key personnel
7. Key methods for preliminary budget estimate
(1) Dollar/fixture
(2) Dollar/Sq. Ft.
(3) Percentage of building budget
8. Key method to find estimate is to perform a complete material and labor
take-off
8
3. Design
A. Flow in Drainage Systems

(1) Most of the design questions cover sanitary, storm and domestic
water systems.
(2) Flow in drainage systems should be designed to flow half full.
(3) If pipe were to flow full flow, pressure fluctuations would occur that
could siphon traps.
(4) The Manning Formula is the most popular formula for solving
gravity drainage problems.
9
Manning Formula
(use for flow through open channel – sewer)
Q = A *1.486/n * R2/3 * S1/2
Where:
• Q = Discharge (cu. ft./sec.)
• A = Cross-sectional Area of
Pipe
Flow (sq. ft.)
Air
• n = Coefficient of Roughness
• R = Hydraulic Radius (ft.)
Cross-Sectional Area of Flow
• S = Slope of Pipe (ft./ft.)
Hydraulic Radius
Water
R=D/4
Where:
Wetted Perimeter
• R = Hydraulic Radius (ft.)
• D = Diameter ( ft.)
PAY VERY CLOSE ATTENTION TO UNITS!!!!!

10
n=coefficient of roughness V=velocity (fps)
Pipe size (inches) n
1½ 0.012
2-3 0.013
4 0.014
5-6 0.015
8 0.016
For storm drains, use .0145 for all size pipes.

Note: Remember 0.014 if you can not remember the table.
S=slope (ft/ft)
1/8=1/8/12=.0104
¼=1/4/12=.0208
½=1/2/12=.0416
Ex 1: Find the velocity of flow in a storm system of a 6” pipe sloped at ½”

per foot.
11
(5) The quantity rate of flow in a gravity drainage system.
Q = AV
where:
Q = quantity of flow, cu. ft. per sec.
A = cross-sectional area of flow, sq. ft.
V = velocity of flow, ft. per sec.
Ex 2: Find flow flowing half full in a 6” storm pipe with a velocity of 4.90 ft/s.
Ex 3: Find flow in a 4” sanitary pipe at 1/8” slope flowing full flow.
(6) The minimum velocity of flow to achieve scouring action in

sanitary piping is 2 fps.
(7) The minimum velocity for grease waste is 4 fps.
12
B. Interior Drainage Systems
(1) Stack—general term for any vertical line of soil, waste or vent piping that
collects water and waste from fixtures and horizontal branch drains from 2
or more floors in building
(2) Soil Stack—collects waste that contains fecal matter
(3) Waste Stack—collects waste that does not contain fecal matter
(4) Flow in a stack is not full flow but is ¼, 1/3 or 7/24 full
(5) Terminal Velocity—velocity in a stack that remains practically
unchanged
(6) Terminal Length—the distance that terminal velocity is reached
Terminal Velocity Vt=3.0(q/d)^(2/5)

***Note*** Formula in CPD Review Manual is incorrect. ASPE Data Book V2 pg 2 as well as the old CIPE
Review Manual shows the correct formula.
Terminal Length Lt=.052Vt^(2)
q=flow (gpm) d=diameter(inches)
Ex 4: Find terminal velocity of a stack when an 8” stack is flowing 40 gpm.
Ex 5: Find terminal length of flow in a 6” stack with a terminal velocity of 6fps.
Ex 6: Find terminal length of flow in a 4” stack flowing 32 gpm.
13
Cross Section of Stack Flowing at Design Capacity
Pipe
Core of Air
Sheet of Water
1 1
4 to 3 Total Pipe Area
7/24 is Best to Be Used
14
Finding flow in a stack:
q=27.8 x r^(5/3) x d^(8/3)
q=flow(gpm)
r=cross sectional ratio
d=diameter(inches)
Ex 7: What is the flow capacity in a 6” stack?
Ex 8: Find terminal length for an 8” stack.
15
(7) High temperature waste at or above 180 degrees should never be
discharged directly into the drainage system.
(8) There are 3 reasons why branch connections should be made at
the top of a house drain (building drain):
a. Lower chance of stoppages in branch
b. Less flow interference at point of connection
c. Relieve pneumatic pressure fluctuations in house
drain when there is no flow
(9) Branch connections are to be made at least 10 pipe diameters
downstream of a horizontal offset from a stack.
(10) The preferred choice of branch connections is at least 2 feet
above or below a horizontal offset.
(11) For pipe installation underground, clean earth or screened
gravel should be firmly tamped under, around and above to a
level of 1 foot above. Thereafter, backfilling can be completed to
a grade every 2 feet at a compaction of 90% and 95% for
under slab.
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(12) Sanitary cleanouts should be provided at the following locations:
a. Inside or outside the building at point of exit.
b. Every change of direction greater than 45 degrees.
c. Maximum distance of 50 feet between cleanouts for piping 4”
and less than 100 feet for greater pipe sizes. A manhole should
be provided in piping larger than 10” at every change of direction
and every 150 feet.
d. At base of all stacks.
17
(13) 18-24” minimum clearance must be provided around cleanouts.
(14) Readily removable fixtures are equivalent to cleanouts.
(15) The rate of flow in gpm for a fixture drain can be expressed as:
q=13.17 x d^2 x h^(1/2)
(16) The fixture unit flow rate is the total discharge flow in gpm of a
single fixture divided by 7.5 (gal/cu.ft).
18
Solve this problem: Ex: 9
19
Solve this problem: Ex: 9 (Cont)
20
21
(18) A value of 2 fu’s can be assigned for each gpm of flow for
continuous and non-continuous flow into a drainage system
such as from a sump pump, ejector, air conditioning, etc., i.e., 60
gpm pump=120 fu’s.
(19) When testing a DWV system, the water head pressure should be
a minimum of 10 ft. wc.
(20) The test pressure should never exceed 100 ft. of head.
(21) Water testing is preferred when testing DWV systems; however,
if this can not be achieved, then an air test of 5 psi is acceptable.
22
C. Vent Systems
(1) Flow of air is the primary consideration in the design of venting
systems.
(2) There are 3 characteristics of air:
a. Density—The density of air is taken at sea level at
atmospheric pressure and 68.4 F.
b. Elasticity—Air assumes it’s original
characteristics after force has been removed.
c. Compressibility—1” wc (.036 psi) is the maximum
pressure to use in venting systems to protect traps.
23
(3) Static head is the pressure exerted at any point by the weight of the
substance about that point.
(4) Static head can be stated in feet.
(5) To convert static head to psi: ft/2.31
(6) A 2” trap seal should be maintained to prevent sewer gases from
escaping.
(7) When piping is flowing half full of water and half with air, the air has
the same velocity and capacity.
(8) Vent piping should terminate no less than 10 feet of any door,
window or air intake unless it is terminated a minimum of 2 feet
above such opening.
(9) Some municipalities require every fixture to be vented but most
localities permit alternate methods such as:
a. Wet venting
b. Stack venting
c. Circuit and loop venting
d. Combination waste and vent
24
(10) Maximum distance from vent to trap is:
a. 1 ¼” =2.5 ft.
b. 1 ½” =3.5 ft.
c. 2” =5 ft.
d. 3” =6 ft.
e. 4” =10 ft.
(11) The first horizontal run of a vent should start a minimum of 6”
above the flood level of the rim. No flat venting!
25
26
(12) There are 7 different types of venting:
a. Relief venting—used to balance pressure throughout the
drainage stack in a building having more than 10 branch
intervals.
b. Continuous venting—a system of individual or common vents
for every trap. (This is considered the most expensive and most
effective system.)
c. Wet venting—vents a particular fixture while serving as a
waste for other fixtures.
d. Combination waste and vent venting—is used primarily for
floor drains, laboratory island sinks and work tables.
e. Circuit and loop venting—is a branch vent that serves two or
more floor outlet fixtures, except blow-out water closets and
extends from the front to the last fixture.
f. Common venting—where two fixtures are connected to a
vertical branch at the same level.
g. Vapor venting—these vents are to be routed separately from
sanitary equipment and bed pan washers.
27
Various Fixture Trap Vents
Common Vent Continuous Vent

(Individual or Back)
Drain Drain
Waste Branch
A B
28
Horizontal Run of Vent
Pitch
Vent Stack
Soil Stack
Maximum Fixture Vent

Permissible 3'-6" 3'-6"
Floor
Angle, 45°
Horizontal Branch Drain
29
Circuit and Loop Venting
Loop Vent
Through Roof
Stack Vent Floor

Fixtures
Highest Branch
Connection to Vent Stack
Circuit Vent
Stack
Soil Stack
Floor
Fixtures
30
Venting for Stacks Having more than 10 Branch Intervals
Roof 2 B.I.
12th Floor
Branch interval is section
25th Floor 3 B.I. of soil stack at least 8'-0"
11th Floor
1 Branch Interval (B.I.) between horizontal
24th Floor 4 B.I. branches
Vent Stack 10th Floor
2 B.I.
23rd Floor Soil Stack 5 B.I.
9th Floor
3 B.I.
22nd Floor 6 B.I.
8th Floor
4 B.I.
21st Floor 7 B.I.
7th Floor
5 B.I.
20th Floor 8 B.I. Relief vent each 10th
6th Floor
interval
19th Floor
6 B.I.
18th Floor 9 B.I.
5th Floor
7 B.I. Diameter of relief vent
17th Floor must be same size as
8 B.I. either vent or soil stack, 10 B.I.
16th Floor 4th Floor
whichever is smaller;
relief vent each 10th 1 B.I.
3rd Floor
branch interval below
9 B.I.
15th Floor top branch 2 B.I.
2nd Floor
10 B.I.
14th Floor
1 B.I. 3 B.I.
13th Floor 1st Floor
2 B.I. Lowest branch should

12th Floor
connect to stack at least
Basement 2'-0" below the offset
31
Venting at Stack Offsets
Vent Stack used as relief

vent for upper section soil
Upper Section
stack; size only for load This Vent Stack must be
Soil Stack
carried by upper soil stack sized for total load
connected to soil stack -
upper plus lower section
Either type Relief Vent

may be used
Lower Section Soil Stack
32
(13) Vent terminals should be no smaller than 1 ½”. The minimum
size for frost closures is 3”.
(24) Venting at stack offset should connect at least 10 times the
diameter of stack downstream of hydraulic jump.
Hydraulic Jump at Offset
Air
Water
Stack
Hydraulic Jump
Varies to Maximum
10 x Stack Dia.
33
Piping for Fixtures Directly Above Offset
Soil Stack
LAV LAV
WC WC
Permissible Connection
Preferable Connection
Min. 10 x Stack Dia.

Min. 2'-0"
34
Procedure for Sizing a Stack
Stack is sized on total fixture

units on entire stack.
Lowest Branch
2'-0" Minimum
Offset of 45° or less from
vertical requires no change in
size.
Offset greater than 45° from

vertical must be sized as
house drain.
35
Procedure for Sizing an Offset Stack
Roof
16th Floor
15th Floor
Size of stack above offset based on F.U.
14th Floor connected to stack from 16th thru 8th
floors. 450 F.U. requires a 4" stack.
13th Floor Assume each branch interval is less than
90 DFU.
12th Floor
450 F.U.
11th Floor
Offset sized as house drain. 450 F.U.
10th Floor at 1 4" per foot slope requires 5" size.
NOTE: Piping does not reduce in size
9th Floor for vertical portion right after the
horizontal portion.
8th Floor
7th Floor
2'-0" Min.
6th Floor Size of stack below offset
based on total F.U.
5th Floor connected to stack from
850 F.U. 16th floor thru 2nd floor.
4th Floor 1300 F.U. requires a 6"
stack.
3rd Floor
Offset below lowest branch
2nd Floor sized as house drain. 1300
1300 F.U. F.U. at 1 4" per foot slope
1st Floor requires 8" size.
2'-0" Min.
Basement
36
D. Sumps and Ejectors
(1) Sub drain—that portion of a drainage system that can not drain by
gravity into the building sewer.
(2) Any sewage ejector basin must be of airtight construction and must
be vented.
(3) Sewage ejector pumps should be at least be equal to peak inflow.
(4) If it is critical to keep fixtures in operation at all times then a duplex
pump should be used, each carrying peak inflow.
37
(5) In sizing a sewage ejector basin, a minimum of 2.5 minutes pump capacity
should be used between high and low water levels.
Ex 11: What is the total minimum depth of a 4’x4’ sewage ejector sump basin
if the invert elevation of the incoming sanitary line is 4’-3” below finish floor
and the flow is 46 gpm? The pump start level is 3” below incoming sanitary
line. Allow 6” for pump suction. Sump to store 2.5 minute of incoming flow
before pump start.
(6) Sizing a sump basin will be the same as sizing a sewage ejector basin.
Finding the flow is different. 2 gpm is used for every 100 sq. ft. of
sandy soil, 1 gpm for every 100 sq. ft. of clay soil, and 1 gpm for every
24 sq. ft. of paved or impervious areas.
38
Ex 12: What is the gpm flow for a 4600 sq. ft. area of sandy soil, clay soil and
paved area?
(7) It is good practice to design sump pumps for 1 ¼ times the maximum
inflow rate for a safety factor for unusual flow conditions.
E. Storm Water Systems

(1) When only a combined sewer is available, the storm system can be
connected to a sanitary system within the building.
(2) Storm downspouts can never be used for soil, waste, or vent, and should
be connected at least 10 ft. downstream of a soil or waste connection.
39
(3) To find the rate of discharge from a storm drain, use the following:
1 gpm=60 gph
Convert to cubic feet=60/7.5=8 cubic feet/hr
For 4 in/hr rainfall=8/(4/12)=24 sq.ft.
Therefore 24 sq. ft. =1gpm @ 4 in/hr.
Ex 13: If the rainfall rate is 6 in. per hr. and the roof area is 24,000 sq. ft., what
is the rainfall rate in gpm? Bonus: What is it in cubic feet per second?
40
(4) There are 3 basic components of a roof drain:
a. The strainer
b. The flashing ring
c. The drain body or sump
(5) Flow in a storm drain system should be sized for a velocity of 2.5 fps in lieu
of 2 fps like sanitary.
F. Site Drainage
(1) Where there are no unusual conditions or requirements, a design
frequency of 10 years should be used for an average site.
(2) The amount of run-off created by a storm is usually determined by the
“rational method”.
Q = CiA
where:
Q = quantity of flow, cu. ft. per sec.
C = runoff coefficient, dimensionless
i = rainfall intensity, inches per hour
A = cross-sectional area of flow, acres (1 acre = 43,560 sq.ft.)
Grass: C=.20, Paved: C=.85, Roof: C=.75 Note: These will be provided on exam.
41
Ex 14: What is the gpm flow rate for an average grassy lawn with a rainfall
rate of 5 in. per hr. given a 24,500 sq. ft. area?
(3) There are 3 main groups of a drainage structure:

a. Manholes
b. Drain inlets
c. Catch basins
42
43
G. Domestic Water Systems
(1) There are two types of water flow.
a. Laminar Flow = RE < 4,000 Velocity
b. Turbulent Flow = RE > 4,000 Velocity
(2) Critical velocity occurs within a range of the Reynolds numbers of
2,000-4,000.
44
(3) Within the limits of accuracy required for plumbing design it can be
assumed that the critical velocity occurs at a Reynolds number 2,100 for
domestic water.
(4) Very rarely is a velocity of less than 4 fps employed in water piping
design.
(5) Plumbing design is based on turbulent flow.
(6) Laminar flow occurs when very vicious liquids or extremely low velocities
are encountered.
(7) Head—is produced by the weight of water above a point.
(8) Potential energy—when water is at rest.
(9) Kinetic energy—when water is flowing.
(10) Gravity (g)=32.2 ft per second.
(11) Total energy=potential and kinetic energy
(12) Static head=potential energy
(13) Residual pressure=pressure measured at any point while water is
flowing
45
(14) One foot of head=.433 psi
(15) One psi=2.31 ft. of head
(16) The amount of head lost because of friction is affected by:
a. Density and temperature of fluid
b. Roughness of pipe
c. Length of run
d. Velocity of fluid
(17) Hydraulic shock is commonly and erroneously referred to as
“water hammer”.
(18) Hydraulic shock occurs when fluid flowing through a pipe is
subjected to a sudden and rapid change in velocity.
(19) Most common causes of hydraulic shock:
a. Starting and stopping of pump
b. Improper check valve
c. Rapid closure of a valve
(20) Cavitation—when the direction of flow is sharply changed and the
velocity of flow is high.
46
(21) Two methods of determining peak demand:
a. Empirical method-based on arbitrary decision arrived from experience.
b. Method of probability-based on theory of probability
(22) The method of probability is the most accurate for large groups of fixtures
and should never be used for a small number of fixtures.
(23) It is good practice to assume the minimum available pressure to be 10 psi less
than stated pressure.
(24) The minimum pressure to be provided to most fixtures is 8 psi; water closets
is from 15-25 psi.
(25) A general rule of thumb is to add 50% of developed length to total distance of
pipe to get equivalent length.
(26) Maximum velocity of water flow in piping is 10 fps, but piping should be sized
for 8 fps.
(27) Three basic methods for means of increasing pressure when public mains are
inadequate.
a. Gravity—tank systems
b. Hydroneumatic---tank systems
c. Booster—pump systems
47
(28) Water control valves in a building
a. Gate
b. Globe
c. Check
d. Butterfly
e. Ball type
(29) All valves 2 ½ in. or smaller should be bronze with soldered, screwed, or
flanged ends.
(30) Valves of 3 in. or larger should be of cast iron body with bronze
mountings and screwed or flanged ends.
(31) Accessible riser control valves should be provided on each riser.
(32) Rough piping installation should be subjected to a hydrostatic
pressure of 1 ½ times the working pressure of the system, but no less
than 125 psi. The test should extend over 3 hours.
48
H. Domestic hot water systems
(1) The objective for the design of an efficient hot water distribution system
includes:
a. Providing adequate amounts of water to prescribed
temperatures.
b. Perform its function safely.
c. Utilization of an economical heat source.
d. Cost effective and durable installation.
e. Economical operational systems with reasonable
maintenance.
(2) Automatic storage heaters are generally used for less demand.
(3) Instantaneous heaters are used when the demand is constant.
49
(4) The formula for finding energy required for a water heater is:
Gallons x weight of 1 gal. of water x delta T=btuh
Divide btuh by 3413 to find KW’s.
Ex 16: How many KW’s are required to heat a 119 gal. storage water heater
with incoming water temperature of 45 degrees and stored at 140 degrees?
(5) Consider usable storage when sizing storage capacity of a water

heater.
Ex 17: If you have a large high school requiring 1250 gallons of 140 degree
water in a 15 minute period and none for the rest of the hour, what size water
heater tank would you specify and what recovery, in gallons, would be
required? 80% of storage water is usable?
50
Equation for Mixing Water
The common equation for determining the percentage of hot water

required is:
tM – tC /tH – tC
Where:
GH = Percentage of Hot Water
tH = Temperature of Hot Water
tC = Temperature of Cold Water
tM = Temperature of Mixed Water
51
Mixed Water Temperatures
Bathing temperature is 98°F to 104°F
Showering temperature is 101°F to 105°F
Hand washing temperature is 100°F to 105°F
Dishwashing temperature is 120°F to 160°F
52
Representative Hot Water Utilization Temperatures
Temperature
Use
°F °C
Lavatory
Hand washing 105 40
Shaving 115 45
Showers and tubs 110 43
Therapeutic baths 95 35
Commercial and institutional laundry 180 82
Residential dishwashing and laundry 140 60
Surgical scrubbing 110 43
Commercial Spray Type Dishwashing as required by NSF
Single or multiple tank hood or rack type
Wash 150 min. 65 min.
Final rinse 180 to 195 82 to 90
Single tank conveyor type
Wash 160 min. 71 min.
Single tank rack or door type
Single temperature wash and rinse 165 min. 74 min.
Chemical sanitizing types (see manufacturer for actual
140 60
temperature required)
Multiple tank conveyor type
Wash 150 min. 65
Pumped rinse 160 min. 71 min.
Chemical sanitizing glasswasher
Wash 140 60
Rinse 75 min. 24 min.
53
Examples of ASSE Applicable Standards
54
(6) When finding the number of gallons of hot water used to mix with
cold water to lower the temperature of water, use:
G(hot)=(T(mixed)-T(cold))/(T(hot)-T(mixed))
Ex 18: How many gallons of hot water will mix with cold water through a
mixing valve to provide 100 degrees to the building if stored water is 180
degrees and the cold water to the mixing valve is 45 degrees?
55
Ex 19: What percentage of 180 degree hot water mixed with 45 degree cold
incoming water to supply 105 degrees water?
Ex 20: What size storage water heater is required if 80% stored water is
usable and stored at 140 degrees going through a mixing valve and supplying
the building with 125 degrees hot water? 750 gallons of hot water per hour is
required by the system. The incoming water is 50 degrees.
Ex 21: How many gallons of water will 18 KW heat up 70 degrees?
Ex 22: How tall will a water heater be neglecting amount of usable storage if
the incoming water is 40 degrees, stored at 140 degrees and is supplied by 15
KW. The diameter of the tank is 2.5 ft.?
56
(8) Refer to the piping heat loss table to find total btu loss in a hot water
circulation system.
Ex 23: How much energy is lost through a 200 ft. insulated schedule 40 steel 2
inch system?
(9) To find the gpm flow in a circulation system, take the btu loss and divide
by 10,000 for a desired temperature drop of 20 degrees. Divide by
5,000 for a 10 degree loss.
Ex: At a 20 degree drop, if there is a 25,000 btu loss in a system,

25,000/10,000 leaves 2.5 gpm.
 Two common methods of maintaining hot

water temperature
Heat tracing (self limiting)
Recirculation
57
FACTS ABOUT ELECTRICITY
AMPERAGE DRAW
1KW = 2.5A, 230V, 3 Phase
I KW = 4.4A, 230V, 1 Phase
Amp (3 Phase) KW x 1000

Volts x 1.732
Amp (1 Phase) KW x 1000

Volts
RECOVERY
GPH = KW x 3412
8.33x temp. rise
Btu/hr = 8.33 · q · temp rise
1 KW will heat: 2.9 gph 140F Temp. rise

3.4 gph 120F Temp. rise
ENERGY
1 KW Hour will evaporate 3.5 lbs of water from and at
212F
1 KW Hour = 3412 BTU
1 BHP = 34.5 lbs of steam at 212F
1 BHP = 33,475 BTU
1 BHP = 9,808 KW (10 KW)

58
How Many Btus?
How many Btus are required to raise 40 gallons of water

from the temperature of 55°F to 140°F?
How many pounds of water in 40 gallons? 40 gal x 8.33 lb/gal = 333.2 lbs
What is the temperature differential? ΔT = 85°F
How is the equation set up? 333.2 lbs x 85°F = 28,322 Btu
How many watt/hr? 28,322 Btu x 60min/hr x 0.2931 = 498,071 watts/hr

≈ 500 kW/hr
59
I. Back flow prevention
(1) Back flow prevention devices listed from the most to the least
effective:
a. Air gap
b. Reduced-pressure device
c. Double-check valve assembly
d. Atmospheric vacuum breaker
e. Pressure vacuum breaker
f. Barometric loop
(2) The best back flow prevention device is the air gap.
60
Backflow
Definition:
1. A term which denotes the reversal of flow from that normally intended.
2. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the
distribution pipes of a potable supply of water from any source or sources
other than its intended source.
Types of Backflow
Back Pressure:
Occurs when the user system is at a higher pressure than the
supply water systems allowing undesirable substances to be
“pushed” back into the potable water system. Some causes are:
booster pumps, potable water system connections for boilers,
interconnection with other piping systems operating at higher
pressures, or higher elevations in user systems such as highrise
buildings.
Back Siphonage:
Occurs when negative or reduced pressure exists in the supply piping
allowing undesirable substances to be “drawn” into the potable water
supply. Some causes are: undersized supply piping, supply line breaks,
reduced supply system pressure on the suction side of an on-line booster
pump, or sudden upstream high demand. An example of this is a child
drinking milk with a straw. The child “sucks” on the straw and the milk
flows up the straw and into the child’s mouth. What the child is actually
doing is creating a subatmospheric pressure in his mouth and the
atmospheric pressure (14.7psia at sea level) is pushing down on the Water column
surface of the milk and forcing the milk up the straw and into the child’s produced by vacuum
mouth.
61
Back Pressure
62
Back Siphonage
63
Air Gap
64
Vacuum Breaker, Atmospheric Type
An atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB) is

a device which has a moving element
inside, which during flow prevents water
from spilling from the device and during
cessation of flow, drops down to provide
a vent opening. This device should not
remain under pressure for long
durations, and it cannot have any
shutoff valve downstream of it.
65
Vacuum Breaker, Pressure Type
¾” thru 2”
Spring
Test cock
First check valve
Gate valve
The pressure vacuum breaker (PVB) is a Test cock
device that contains within a single
body, a single loaded check valve and a Gate valve
loaded air opening valve which opens to
admit air whenever the pressure within
2-1/2” thru 10”
the body of the device approaches
atmospheric. The device has two tight
closing, resilient seated, shutoff valves,
and it is fitted with test cocks,
appropriately placed, for testing the
device.
66
Reduced Pressure Backflow Preventer
Commonly referred to as an RP or RPP, this device consists of

two independently acting check valves, together with an
automatically operating pressure differential relief valve
located between the two check valves. The first check valve
reduces the supply pressure at a predetermined amount so
that during normal flow, and at cessation of normal flow the
pressure between the two check valves shall be lower than
the supply pressure. If either check valve leaks, the relief valve
will discharge to atmosphere. This will maintain the pressure
in the zone between the two check valves lower than the
supply pressure. The unit also has two, resilient seated,
shutoff valves (one upstream and one downstream of the
checks) and properly located test cocks for field testing.
The following details must be adhered to when a reduced

pressure principle backflow preventer is installed:
1. Approval must be obtained for each specific application
of the device prior to installation.
2. The plans must show the location in the building.
3. Show all fixtures or equipment which will be served by
the backflow preventer.
4. There must be a periodic test of the device. It is
recommended that the testing be conducted at least
annually.
67
Rules of Thumb in Backflow Protection Inspection
Every:
 Opening
 Outlet
 Connection to non-potable source
must be protected against backflow.
Hidden Cross Connections

 Water closet ballcock
 Hose and spray
 New style kitchen faucet
 Telephone showers
 Shampoo sinks
 Commercial kitchen spray
 Boiler and mechanical equipment make-up water
 Beverage dispensers
 Soda dispensers
 Juice dispensers
 Coffee and espresso machines
 Commercial kitchen equipment
 Antifreeze in sprinkler systems
68
J. Pumps
(1) A definite relationship exists among the various pump
characteristics. When the speed changes the head and capacity
will change.
(2) The formula for the change is:
N/N1=Q/Q1=((H)^1/2)/H1=((P)^1/3)/P1 **See pg 85 of “CPD REVIEW
MANUAL”**
Ex 24: What is the new pump speed if the original speed is 1750 at 200 gpm
flow and the new flow is 150 gpm?
Ex 25: What is the pump break horsepower at 120 gpm from the original 5
break horsepower at 200 gpm?
N1=original speed, rpm

N=new speed, rpm
Q1=original capacity, gpm
Q=new capacity, gpm
H1=original head, ft
H=new head, ft
hp1=original horsepower, bhp
hp=new horsepower, bhp
69
(3) There are 3 pressure components in finding total head on a pump.
a. Static head
b. Residual head
c. Friction head loss
(4) To find break horsepower, use the following formula:
BHP=(gpm x head)/(3960 x efficiency)
Ex 26: What is the bhp for a pump flowing 250 gpm at a 44 psi pressure with a
75% efficiency rating?
(5) Power capacity curves (see examples).
Ex 27: What is the pressure in psi at the base of a 6 in. and a 3 in. stack if each
are 200 ft. high and the residual pressure is 10 ft. at the top?
70
Ex 28: What is the pressure in psi at the top of a 4 in. stack when there is 60 psi at
the main and loses 5 psi through the meter? The connection at the main is 8 ft.
below a 50 psi pump and the stack is 120 ft. high. Exclude pipe friction loss.
71
Parallel Pump Selection
Each pump Two pumps

in operation
Head
(ft)
Flow (gpm) 72
Series Pump Selection
Two pumps
in operation
Head
(ft) Each pump
Flow (gpm)
73
K. Expansion and contraction
(1) To find length of pipe expansion due to temperature change, see
formula.
L2-L1=CL1(T2-T1)
Ex 29: How much will a 125 ft. of steel pipe expand in length when the
original temperature is 45 degrees and is increased to 125 degrees and the
coefficient of expansion is 6.5 x 10^-6 ?
(2) 2 methods commonly employed to absorb pipe expansion or contraction

without danger to the piping:
a. Expansion loops and offsets
b. Expansion joints
(3) There are two types of expansion joints:
a. Slip type
b. Bellows type
(4) Good engineering practice is to limit the total movement to be
absorbed by an expansion loop at a maximum of 1 ½ in.
74
L. Fire protection systems
(1) The following are examples of authority having jurisdictions.
a. State fire marshall
b. Local fire department or bureau
c. Building department
d. Insurance agency
(2) There are 4 types of automatic sprinkler systems:
a. Wet pipe
b. Dry pipe
c. Deluge
d. Pre-action
75
(3) There are 2 types of flow alarms and automatic sprinkler systems:
a. Vane type
b. Water motors
(4) To find flow through an orifice:
Q=K√P
Ex 30: If a sprinkler has a flow coefficiency (K) of 7.6, what is the flow rate in
gpm when the pressure at the head is 15 psi?
M. Fuel gas systems

(1) Two types of liquefied petroleum:
a. Propane
b. Butane
76
(2) Pressure higher than 2 psi is “high pressure gas”.
(3) Pressure lower than 2 psi is “low pressure gas”.
(4) When sizing gas piping, take the total distance from each outlet to the
meter.
(5) There are two types of methods for sizing gas piping:
a. Longest Length Method (Conservative method)
b. Branch Method
Ex 31: Find the pipe size for each branch in the system using branch method.
77
Fuel Gas
Heat Values
• Natural gas 1,000 Btu/ft3 (MBH)
• Manufactured gas 520 Btu/ft3 (MBH)
• Liquefied petroleum gas (propane, etc.) 2,500 Btu/ft3 (MBH)
Example
• How much natural gas is required to heat 50 gallons of water from 40F to 140F?
(8.33 x 50 x 100) / 1000 = 41.65 cu.ft.

• Btu input if recovery time is 30 minutes?
(8.33 x 50 x 100) x (60min/hr) / 30 min = 83,300 Btu/hr
• How much if an 84% efficient water heater is used?
(83,300 Btu/hr) / 0.84 = 99,167 Btu/hr ≈ 100 MBH
78
Water Supply for Sprinkler Systems
•Based on Sprinkler Design Density

•Light Hazard 0.1 gpm/sq.ft. over 1500 sq.ft. *
•Ordinary Hazard Group 1 - 0.15 gpm/sq.ft. over 1500 sq.ft. *
•Ordinary Hazard Group 2 - 0.2 gpm/sq.ft. over 1500 sq.ft. *
*Requirements can differ due to local codes and Factory Mutual.
•Theoretical minimum
•0.10 x 1500 = 150 gpm *
*This can never be achieved; always assume at least double this number
•Add hose stream allowance
•100 gpm for light hazard*
•250 gpm for ordinary hazard*
*Requirements can differ due to local codes
•Pipe Sizing for Pumps
•500 gpm for first standpipe, 250 for each additional
•Maximum pump size per NFPA now 1000 gpm (local codes may differ)
•6” fire service good up to 750 gpm
•8” fire service for over 750 gpm
•May need to increase combined service if domestic load is too large
79
4. Specifications
A. Specification is divided into 3 parts:
(1) Part 1—general
(2) Part 2—products
(3) Part 3—execution
5. Construction Services
A. Three relationships are basic in the performance of an inspector’s
duties. There are his/her relationships with fellow:
(1) inspectors
(2) supervisors
(3) contractors
B. There are 3 parts of a contractor’s submittal.
(1) Approved as noted
(2) Revise and resubmit
(3) Not approved
80
6. Administration
A. There are 2 separate budgets that must be prepared for production of
drawings and specifications.
(1) Man hours
(2) Costs
7. Test Information
A. What to expect on exam day.
B. Test format
81
What to Expect on Exam Day
Examination Practice exam
• April 5th and 6th, 2018 • Had a lot of a,b OR a,c OR all of the above
• You will be notified by ASPE which day and type of questions
location for your exam • There is currently a pool of about 200-300
• Examination Admission Ticket questions – each exam will be unique; so, no
• Exam is electronic sense in copying from your neighbor
• 100 multiple choice questions
• Open book (You can bring up to 6 reference material
commercially produced only) ASPE Publications that may help
• Booklet received in this class is not permitted • Plumbing Engineering Design Handbook,
• Bring pencil and clean paper incase they do not Volume 1
provide this for working out your formulas etc • ASPE Data Books Volumes 1 - 4
• Non-programmable calculators only • CPD Review Manual
• 2 forms of identification • Plumbing Engineering & Design Handbook of
Tables
Know these
1kW = 3413 Btu/hr
Five Examination Areas
1 gallon of water weighs 8.33 pounds
• Gathering Information/Administration – 11 questions
1 cubic foot of water is 7.48 gallons
• Design – 65 questions
Definitions (ASPE Plumbing Engineering
• Specifications – 13 questions
Design Handbook; Volume 1, Chapter 1)
• Construction Services – 11 questions
82
TAB 6
PowerPoint Examples
Ex: 1 Find the velocity of flow in a storm system of a 6” pipe sloped at ½” per foot.
Ex: 2 Find flow flowing half full in a 6” storm pipe with a velocity of 4.90 ft/s.
Ex: 3 Find flow in a 4” sanitary pipe at 1/8” slope flowing full flow.
Ex: 4 Find terminal velocity of a stack when an 8” stack is flowing 40 gpm.
Ex: 5 Find terminal length of flow in a 6” stack with a terminal velocity of 6fps.
Ex: 6 Find terminal length of flow in a 4” stack flowing 32 gpm.
Ex: 7 What is the flow capacity in a 6” stack?
Ex. 8 Find terminal length for an 8” stack.

Ex. 11 What is the total minimum depth of a 4’x4’ sewage ejector sump basin if the
invert elevation of the incoming sanitary line is 4’-3” below finish floor and the flow is
46 gpm? The pump start level is 3” below incoming sanitary line. Allow 6” for pump
suction. Sump to store 2.5 minutes of incoming flow before pump start.
Ex. 12 What is the gpm flow for a 4600 sq.ft. area of

Sand?
Clay?
Paved are?
Ex. 13 If the rainfall rate is 6”/hr and the roof area is 24,000 sq.ft., what is the rainfall rate
in gpm? Bonus: what is it in cfs?
Ex. 14 What is the gpm flow rate for the average grassy lawn with a rainfall rate of 5”/hr
given a 24,500 sq.ft. area?
Ex 16: How many KW’s are required to heat a 119 gal.storage water heater with
incoming water temperature of 45 degrees and stored at 140 degrees?
Ex 17: If you have a large high school requiring 1250 gallons of 140 degree water in a 15
minute period and none for the rest of the hour, what size storage water heater would you
specify and what recovery, in gallons, would be required? 80% of stored water is usable.
Ex 18: How many gallons of hot water will mix with cold water through a master mixing
valve to provide 100 degrees to the building if stored water is 180 degrees and the cold
water to the mixing valve is 45 degrees?
Ex 19: What percentage of 180 degree hot water mixed with 45 degree cold incoming
water to supply 105 degrees water?
Ex 20: What size storage water heater is required if 80% stored water is usable and stored
at 140 degrees going through a mixing valve and supplying the building with 125 degrees
hot water? 750 gallons of hot water per hour is required by the system. The incoming
water is 50 degrees.
Ex 22: How tall will a water heater be neglecting amount of usable storage if the
incoming water is 40 degrees, stored at 140 degrees and is supplied by 15 KW. The
diameter of the tank is 2.5 ft.?
Ex 23: How much energy is lost through a 200 ft. insulated schedule 40 steel 2 inch
system?
Ex 24: What is the new pump speed if the original speed is 1750 and 200 gpm flow new
flow is 150 gpm?
Ex 25: What is the pump break horsepower at 120 gpm from the original 5 break
horsepower at 200 gpm?
Ex 26: What is the bhp for a pump flowing 250 gpm at a 44 psi pressure with a 75%
efficiency rating?
Ex 27: What is the pressure in psi at the base of a 6 in. and a 3 in. stack if each are 200 ft.
high and the residual pressure is 10 ft. at the top?
Ex 28: What is the pressure in psi at the top of a 4 in. stack when there is 60 psi at the
main and loses 5 psi through the meter? The connection at the main is 8 ft. below a 50
psi pump and the stack is 120 ft. high. Exclude pipe friction loss.
Ex 29: How much will a 125 ft. of steel pipe expand in length when the original
temperature is 45 degrees and is increased to 125 degrees and the coefficient of
expansion is 6.5 x 10^-6 ?
Ex 30: If a sprinkler has a flow coefficiency (K) of 7.6, what is the flow rate in gpm when
the pressure at the head is 15 psi?
EX: 31
TAB 7
CPD Key Numbers Quiz & Answers
Short Quiz and Key Numbers To Remember
1) 1 cubic foot = ___7.48______ gallons
2) 1 gallon of water = ____8.33______ pounds
3) Hydraulic radius (R) = ___D/4______ (hint: formula)
4) It is important to maintain a minimum of ____2____ fps velocity in public

sewers.
5) 2000 btuh = ____2____ cfh
6) .72 cfs = ___323.14____ gpm
7) 1” wc = ____.036_____psi
8) 1 cubic foot of water = ___62.4______pounds
9) How many minutes minimum must an ejector pump run between high and low
water levels? ____2.5____
10) 1 psi = ____2.31_____ feet of head
11) g = __32.2_____ fps
12) Less than ___10_____ fps velocity should be maintained in water piping.
13) 1 psi gauge pressure = ____14.7______ psi atmospheric
14) 1/8 “ slope pipe = ___.0104_______ ft/ft
15) ___3413_______ btuh = 1 kw
16) ___140_____ degrees (F) is max temperature discharge in drainage system

(110, 120, 140 or 180).
17) ____24____ inches is max distance between trap weir and fixture outlet.
18) What is the neutral PH level for water? __7______
19) What is the coefficient of flow (K) in a fire sprinkler? ___7.6______
20) There are 7.5 fixture units per gpm discharge flow for a fixture.
TAB 8
PowerPoint Example Answers
Ex: 1 Find the velocity of flow in a storm system of a 6” pipe sloped at ½” per foot.
V=(1.486/.0145) x (.5/4)^(2/3) x .0416^(1/2)
102.5 x .25 x .204 = 5.23 ft/s
Ex: 2 Find flow flowing half full in a 6” storm pipe with a velocity of 4.90 ft/s.
Q= AV
= (pi*(r^2))V
= ((pi((.25)^2))/2)4.90
= .48 cfs
Ex: 3 Find flow in a 4” sanitary pipe at 1/8” slope flowing full flow.
Q=A x (1.486/n) x R^(2/3) x S^(1/2)
=(pie(.17)^2) x (1.486/.014) x ((.33/4)^2/3) x ((1/8/12)^1/2)
= .09 x 106.14 x .1895 x .102
= .185 cfs
Ex: 4 Find terminal velocity of a stack when an 8” stack is flowing 40 gpm.

Vt = 3.0 x (40/8)^(2/5)
= 3 x 1.904
= 5.71 fps
Ex: 5 Find terminal length of flow in a 6” stack with a terminal velocity of 6fps.
Lt = .052 x (6)^2
= 1.872 ft.
Ex: 6 Find terminal length of flow in a 4” stack flowing 32 gpm.

Lt = .052 x ([3.0(32/4)^(2/5)])^2
= 2.47 ft.
Ex: 7 What is the flow capacity in a 6” stack?

q = 27.8 x ((7/24)^(5/3)) x 6^(8/3)
= 27.8 x .1283 x 118.87
= 423.9 gpm
Ex. 8 Find terminal length for an 8” stack.

q = 27.8 x ((7/24)^(5/3)) x 8^(8/3)
= 27.8 x .1283 x 256
= 913.08 gpm
Vt = 3.0 x (913.08/8)^2/5)
= 19.96 fps
Lt = .052 (19.96)^2
= 20.71 ft.
Ex. 11 What is the total minimum depth of a 4’x4’ sewage ejector sump basin if the
invert elevation of the incoming sanitary line is 4’-3” below finish floor and the flow is
46 gpm? The pump start level is 3” below incoming sanitary line. Allow 6” for pump
suction. Sump to store 2.5 minute of incoming flow before sump start.
46x2.5=115
4’x4’x ? x7.48=115
? x119.68=230
? =.96’
Therefore:
4.25’ for invert of pipe
.96’ for depth of water
.5’ for sump suction
.25 from shut-off to invert of pipe
Total depth of 5.96’
Ex. 12 What is the gpm flow for a 4600 sq.ft. area of

Sand? 4600/100=46x2gpm=92
Clay? 46x1gpm=46
Paved are? 4600/24=192
Ex. 13 If the rainfall rate is 6”/hr and the roof area is 24,000 sq.ft., what is the rainfall rate
in gpm? Bonus: what is it in cfs?
8/(6/12) = 16sq.ft.
24,000/16 = 1500 gpm
Bonus:
1500 gal/min (1cu.ft./7.48 gal.) (1 min./60 sec) = 1500/(7.48x60)=3.34 cfs
Ex. 14 What is the gpm flow rate for the average grassy lawn with a rainfall rate of 5”/hr
given a 24,500 sq.ft. area? Coefficiency of grass is .2
A=24500/43560=.56
Q=.2(5)(.56)=.56 cfs
.56 cu.ft/sec (60 sec./1 min.) (7.48 gal)/1 cu.ft)=251.3 gpm
Ex 16: How many KW’s are required to heat a 119 gal.storage water heater with
incoming water temperature of 45 degrees and stored at 140 degrees?
(119 x 8.33 x 95)/3412 = 27.59
Ex 17: If you have a large high school requiring 1250 gallons of 140 degree water in a 15
minute period and none for the rest of the hour, what size storage water heater would you
specify and what recovery, in gallons, would be required? 80% of stored water is usable.
1250/.80 = 1562.5 = 1600 gal. storage and 1250 gal. recovery
Ex 18: How many gallons of hot water will mix with cold water through a master mixing
valve to provide 100 degrees to the building if stored water is 180 degrees and the cold
water to the mixing valve is 45 degrees?
(100-45)/(180-100) = 55/80 = .69 gal. of hot water
Ex 19: What percentage of 180 degree hot water mixed with 45 degree cold incoming
water to supply 105 degrees water?
(105-45)/(180-45) = 60/135 = .44 = 44%
Ex 20: What size storage water heater is required if 80% stored water is usable and stored
at 140 degrees going through a mixing valve and supplying the building with 125 degrees
hot water? 750 gallons of hot water per hour is required by the system. The incoming
water is 50 degrees.
(125-50)/(140-50) = 75/90 = .833 = 83.3%
750 x .833 = 624.75
624.75/.80 = 781

(? x 8.33 x 70)/3412 = 18
(? x 583.1)/3412 = 18
? x 583.1 = 61416
? = 105.33 gal
Ex 22: How tall will a water heater be neglecting amount of usable storage if the
incoming water is 40 degrees, stored at 140 degrees and is supplied by 15 KW. The
diameter of the tank is 2.5 ft.?
Use energy formula
Find amount to be stored first
(? x 8.33 x 100)/3412 = 15KW
(? x 833)/3412 = 15
? x 833 = 51180
? = 61.44
Find area of circle
Pi x r^2 = Pi x 1.25^2 = 4.9 sq.ft.
4.9 x ? x 7.48 = 61.44
? x 36.7 = 61.44
? = 1.67’
Ex 23: How much energy is lost through a 200 ft. insulated schedule 40 steel 2 inch
system?
200 x 28 = 5600 btuh
Ex 24: What is the new pump speed if the original speed is 1750 and 200 gpm flow and
new flow is 150 gpm?
n/1750 = 150/200
n/1750 = .75
n = 1312.5
Ex 25: What is the pump break horsepower at 120 gpm from the original 5 break
horsepower at 200 gpm?
P = P1(n/n1)^3
P = 5(120/200)^3
P = 1.08
Ex 26: What is the bhp for a pump flowing 250 gpm at a 44 psi pressure with a 75%
efficiency rating?
(250 x 101.64)/(3960 x .75) =
25410/2970 =
8.6
Ex 27: What is the pressure in psi at the base of a 6 in. and a 3 in. stack if each are 200 ft.
high and the residual pressure is 10 ft. at the top?
210/2.31 = 90.9 psi
Ex 28: What is the pressure in psi at the top of a 4 in. stack when there is 60 psi at the
main and loses 5 psi through the meter? The connection at the main is 8 ft. below a 50
psi pump and the stack is 120 ft. high. Exclude pipe friction loss.
Ex 29: How much will a 125 ft. of steel pipe expand in length when the original
temperature is 45 degrees and is increased to 125 degrees and the coefficient of
expansion is 6.5 x 10^-6 ?
L2-125 = (6.5x10^-6)(125)(125-45)
L2-125 = .0008125(80)
L2-125 = .065
L2 = 125.065
Ex 30: If a sprinkler has a flow coefficiency (K) of 7.6, what is the flow rate in gpm when
the pressure at the head is 15 psi?
Q = 7.6 √15 = 29.43
slope
X
x = slope y
8. Step 2:
y
355.73-341.11 = 14.62
Step 3: 1.5% Step 5:
14.62/975 = .015 = 1.5% 1.5% X X/395 = .015
14.62' X = .015 x 395
395' X = 5.93
975'
Step 1: Step 4:
Step 6:
837-1812 = 975 1232-837 = 395
355.73-5.93 = X
X = 349.8
9. Step 3: Step 2:
19.5/975 = .02 = 2% 360-340.5 = 19.5
Step 5:
2% X/425 = .02
2%
19.5' X=8.5' X = .02 x 425
X = 8.5
975' Step 4: 425'
350-325 = 425
Step 1:
1300-325 = 975 Step 7:
Step 6:
4.75/155 = .0306
356.25-351.5 = 4.75'
= 3.06% 3.06%
4.75'
155'
EX: 31 Answer
Find the pipe size for each branch in the system using branch method. Use table 14-1 on pg 108 of your “CPD
REVIEW MANUAL”.
1"
1"
1-1/2"
3/4" 3/4"
1/2"
1/2"
TAB 9
Math Mock Exam
CPD MOCK EXAM-MATH ONLY
Time: 3-1/2 Hours
Name: ______________________________
Score: ________
1. If a mixing valve mixes 180 degree hot water with 60 degree cold water to get
120 degree tempered water, what percentage of the tempered water is hot water?
a. 40%
b. 50%
c. 60%
d. 70%
2. How many BTU’s would be required to provide 120 degree water to a 2.5 gpm
mop sink supplied from an instantaneous water heater if the incoming water
temperature is 40 degrees?
a. 2,080
b. 125,000
c. 99,960
d. 1,020
3. If you have a storage water heater that is 60 inches tall at a diameter of 36 inches,
approximately how many KW’s will be required to heat the water to 140 degrees
from 45 degrees incoming temperature? Neglect usable storage.
a. 209,205
b. 100,300
c. 82
d. 61
4. For a high school, the size of a storage type water heater supplying 8 showers, 3
break room sinks, 6 lavatories and one mop sink will most nearly be:
a. 591 gallons
b. 1,182 gallons
c. 788 gallons
d. 1,970 gallons
5. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 12 cubic feet of water from
50 degree average temperature to 140 degrees Fahrenheit?
a. 67,290 BTU
b. 19.7 BTU
c. 21.9 BTU
d. 74,770 BTU
6. A tank 4 feet in diameter at the ends holds 400 gallons. How tall is the tank to the
nearest inch?
a. 5’11”
b. 6’6”
c. 4’3”
d. 12’0”
7. A storage tank 40 inches in diameter by 70 inches high, how many gallons of

water will the storage tank hold?
a. 380
b. 350
c. 208
d. None of the above
8. What is the velocity of flow in feet per second for a 12 inch storm drain flowing
half full at 1/8” per foot slope?
a. 1.97
b. 4.14
c. 20.27
d. 5.67
9. Find the stack size.

a. 4”
b. 5”
c. 6”
d. 8”
10. If you have a sewage ejector pumping 48 GPM, how many FU’s will this be?
a. 24
b. 48
c. 96
d. 192
11. What would be the flow in cubic feet per second from a sink with 4.5 inches of
water depth and has a 2” orifice
a. 23.62
b. .017
c. .0719
d. .0125
12. What would be the terminal velocity in a 6 inch stack with a cross sectional ratio
of 7/24?
a. 8 f/s
b. 9.5 f/s
c. 15.7 f/s
d. 16.5 f/s
13. What is the velocity of flow in feet per second for a 4 inch sanitary drain flowing
half full at ¼” per foot slope?
a. 1.97
b. 2.90
c. 20.27
d. 5.67
14. What is the hydraulic mean depth of flow or “hydraulic radius” for a 4” pipe that
is half full?
a. 0.0625
b. 0.0833
c. 0.1040
d. 0.1250
15. If a fire sprinkler has a coefficient (K) of 7.6, the flow rate in gpm when the
pressure at the head is 15 psi is:
a. 24.29
b. 29.43
c. 41.35
d. 57.00
16. What would be the CFH given 80 feet of 2” pipe with a pressure of 4 oz.?
a. 989
b. 928
c. 1060
d. 1989
17. Assuming the static pressure at the outlet of the meter is 45 psi, the outlet of a
pump is 15 feet above the meter. The residual pressure is 30 psi 80 feet above the
pump and there is 35 feet of head loss due to friction after the pump. What is the
pressure, in psi, required by the pump? (Neglect the friction loss between the
meter and the pump)
a. 125
b. 80
c. 41
d. 28.29
18. If you were to change a pumps RPM from 1750 to 3500 given 15 gpm and 25
ft/hd, what would be the gpm and head at the new RPM?
a. 30 gpm at 100 ft of head
b. 40 gpm at 80 ft of head
c. 40 gpm at 160 ft of head
d. 60 gpm at 120 ft of head
19. What is the pressure in psi at A with a 14 ft/hd pressure drop in the system?
a. 26
b. 30
c. 40
d. 43
20. If you were to change the head of the pump to 150 ft/hd from 100 ft/hd with an
original flow rate of 100 gpm an original RPM of 1750, what would be the new
rate of flow and speed?
a. 122.5 gpm at 2145 RPM
b. 122.5 gpm at 3560 RPM
c. 225 gpm at 2145 RPM
d. 225 gpm at 3560 RPM
21. If the diameter of the pump impeller changes from 6” with a flow rate of 125 gpm
to 8”, what will the new flow rate be?
a. 84 gpm
b. 94 gpm
c. 166 gpm
d. 176 gpm
22. If water entering a copper piping system at 40 degrees and is heated with a heat
trace system to 120 degrees, how much will 10 feet expand in length?
a. 4.96 inch
b. .0076 inch
c. .072 inch
23. What is the terminal length of a 4” sanitary drainage stack when the terminal
velocity is 12 fps.
a. 2.31 feet
b. 7.5 feet
c. 8.33 feet
d. 5.5 feet
24. What is the flow in cfs for a 6” storm stack?
a. 1290
b. .94
c. 129.0
d. 94
25. What is the flow in cfs in a 3” sanitary stack

a. .17
b. 77
c. 67
d. .15
26. What is the flow rate of a 4” sanitary drain line flowing half full at a ¼” per foot
slope?
a. .127 gpm
b. .23 gpm
c. 103 gpm
d. 57 gpm
27. How much horizontal area is equivalent to 1 gpm with a rainfall rate of 6” per
hour?
a. 16 sq.ft.
b. 19.2 sq.ft.
c. 32 sq.ft.
d. 42.2 sq.ft.
28. What is the coefficient of runoff with a runoff rate of 60 cfs with a rainfall rate of
6” per hour with an area of 3500 sq.ft.?
a. 124
b. 112
c. 108
d. none of the above
29. How many gallons will be in a storage tank if 180 degree hot water is used to mix
with 300 gallons of 40 degree cold water to change the temperature of the water
to 100 degrees? The tank is 4 feet square and 6 feet high.
a. 225
b. 525
c. 718
d. 725
30. How many btuh is lost thru a 3” hot water pipe at 140 degrees with ½” insulation
150 feet long.
a. 2000
b. 4300
c. 5700
d. 6300
31. Referring to the Site Plan shown in the diagram below, the invert elevation of the
Main St. storm sewer at the point where it connects with the building storm drain
is:
a. 348.35 ft.
b. 349.80 ft.
c. 351.70 ft.
d. 353.00 ft.
32. Referring to the Site plan shown in the diagram below, the maximum slope of the
building sanitary sewer is:
a. 1.5000%
b. 2.000%
c. 2.8065%
d. 3.0650%
TAB 10
Math Mock Exam Answers
CPD MOCK EXAM-MATH ONLY
Time: 3-1/2 Hours
Answer Key
Name: ______________________________
Score: ________
a. 40% 120-60 = 60 = RE: pg 70 CPD Review
b. 50% .5 = 50% Manual
180-60 120
c. 60%
d. 70%
a. 2,080 RE: pg 69 CPD Review
b. 125,000 (2.5 X 60) X 8.33 X 80 = 99,960 Manual
c. 99,960
d. 1,020
from 45 degrees incoming temperature? Neglect usable storage.
a. 209,205 36" / 12 = 3' 7.07 sq.ft. x 5' = 35.35 cu.ft.
b. 100,300 3' / 2 = 1.5' radius 35.35 cu.ft. x 7.48 gal/cu.ft. = 264.42 gal
c. 82 A = pi x r^2 264.42 x 8.33 x 95
d. 61 A = pi x (1.5)^2 = 7.07 sq.ft. 3412 = 61.32
60 / 12 = 5' tall
4. For a high school, the size of a storage type water heater supplying 8 showers, 3
break room sinks, 6 lavatories and one mop sink will most nearly be:
a. 591 gallons 8 sh x 225 gph = 1800 1970
b. 1,182 gallons 3 sk x 20 gph = 60 x .4 Demand Factor
c. 788 gallons 6 lav x 15 gph = 90 788
1 ms x 20 gph = 20 x 1 storage Factor
d. 1,970 gallons
1970 788
50 degree average temperature to 140 degrees Fahrenheit?
a. 67,290 BTU
12 sq.ft. x 7.48 gal/cu.ft. = 89.76 gal
b. 19.7 BTU 89.76gal x 8.33 x 90 = 67,293 btu
c. 21.9 BTU
d. 74,770 BTU
6. A tank 4 feet in diameter at the ends holds 400 gallons. How tall is the tank to the
nearest inch?
A = pi (2)^2 = 12.566 sq.ft. H = 400
a. 5’11” 12.566 sq.ft. x (H) Height = cu.ft. 93.996
b. 6’6” 7.48 gal/cu.ft. H = 4.25' = 4'3"
c. 4’3” 12.566 x H x 7.48 = 400 gal
d. 12’0” 93.996 x H = 400

a. 380 40 / 12 = 3.33' 51.08 cu.ft. x 7.48 gal/cu.ft.
b. 350 3.33 / 2 = 1.67' radius 382 gal
c. 208 pi (1.67)^2 = 8.76 area
d. None of the above 70 / 12 = 5.83'
8.76 sq.ft. x 5.83' = 51.08 cu.ft.
8. What is the velocity of flow in feet per second for a 12 inch storm drain flowing
half full at 1/8” per foot slope?
a. 1.97 V = 1.486/n x (D'/4)^(2/3) x (1/8/12)^(1/2) RE: pg 3 CPD Review
b. 4.14 = 1.486/.0145 x (1/4)^(2/3) x (.0104)^(1/2) Manual
c. 20.27 = 102.48 x .3968 x .102 = 4.15 fps
d. 5.67
9. Find the stack size. RE: pg 14 CPD Review

a. 4” 120 DFU Manual
b. 5” 210 DFU
c. 6”
120 DFU 1050 Total DFU's = 5"
d. 8” However:
120 DFU 210 Branch = 6"
Stack = 6"
120 DFU 120 DFU
120 DFU 120 DFU
a. 24
48 x 2 DFU's = 96 RE: pg 16 CPD Review
b. 48
Manual
c. 96
d. 192
water depth and has a 2” orifice RE: pg 9 CPD Review
a. 23.62 q = 13.17 x d^2 x h^(1/2) Manual
b. .017 = 13.17 x 2^2 x (.375)^(1/2)
= 32.26
= 32.26 gal (1 min) (1 cu.ft.) 7.41
= = .072
min (60sec) (7.48 gal) 60 x 7.48
c. .0719
d. .0125
of 7/24? q = 27.8 x (7/24)^(5/3) x 6^(8/3) RE: pg 13 CPD Review
a. 8 f/s = 27.8 x .128 x 118.87 Manual
b. 9.5 f/s = 423 gpm
c. 15.7 f/s Vt= 3 (423/6)^(2/5)
= 16.45
d. 16.5 f/s
13. What is the velocity of flow in feet per second for a 4 inch sanitary drain flowing
half full at ¼” per foot slope? RE: pg 3 CPD Review
a. 1.97 V = (1.486/.014) x (.33/4)^(2/3) x .0208^(1/2) Manual
b. 2.90 = 106.14 x .1895 x .144
c. 20.27 = 2.9 fps
d. 5.67
14. What is the hydraulic mean depth of flow or “hydraulic radius” for a 4” pipe that
is half full? RE: pg 4 CPD Review
a. 0.0625 .333/4 = .0833
Manual
b. 0.0833
c. 0.1040
d. 0.1250
15. If a fire sprinkler has a coefficient (K) of 7.6, the flow rate in gpm when the
pressure at the head is 15 psi is: RE: pg 14 2015-2016
a. 24.29 q = 7.6 15
ASPE Data Book Vol 3
b. 29.43 = 29.43
c. 41.35
d. 57.00
16. What would be the CFH given 80 feet of 2” pipe with a pressure of 4 oz.?
a. 989
b. 928 RE: pg 108 CPD
c. 1060 Review Manual
d. 1989
17. Assuming the static pressure at the outlet of the meter is 45 psi, the outlet of a
pump is 15 feet above the meter. The residual pressure is 30 psi 80 feet above the
pump and there is 35 feet of head loss due to friction after the pump. What is the
pressure, in psi, required by the pump? (Neglect the friction loss between the
meter and the pump) 30 psi
a. 125 80' = 34.6 psi
b. 80
c. 41 38.5 psi @ Pump
d. 28.29 15'=6.5 psi
35' friction loss = 15.2 psi Meter
30 + 34.6 + 15.2 = 79.8 psi
79.8 - 38.5 = 41.3 psi
45 psi
RE: pg 85 CPD Review
Manual
18. If you were to change a pumps RPM from 1750 to 3500 given 15 gpm and 25
ft/hd, what would be the gpm and head at the new RPM?
a. 30 gpm at 100 ft of head N/N1 = Q/Q1 (H/25)^(1/2) = 3500/1750
b. 40 gpm at 80 ft of head 3500/1750 = Q/15 (H/25) = 2^2
c. 40 gpm at 160 ft of head 2 = Q/15 H = 4 x 25
d. 60 gpm at 120 ft of head 2(15) = Q H = 100
30 = Q
19. What is the pressure in psi at A with a 14 ft/hd pressure drop in the system?
a. 26 40 - 15 = 25
b. 30 15' 25 / 2.31 = 10.82 psi (Head)
A
c. 40 40'
14 / 2.31 = 6.06 psi (Friction)
d. 43 10.82 + 6.06 = 16.88 psi
800 gal 8' 60 - 16.88 = 43.12 psi (Residual)
60 psi @ Pump Outlet
20. If you were to change the head of the pump to 150 ft/hd from 100 ft/hd with an
original flow rate of 100 gpm an original RPM of 1750, what would be the new
rate of flow and speed? N/N1 = (H/H1)^(1/2) Q/Q1 = (H/H1)^(1/2)
a. 122.5 gpm at 2145 RPM N/1750 = (150/100)^(1/2) Q/100 = 1.22
b. 122.5 gpm at 3560 RPM 1750(N/1750) = 1.22 (1750) 100(Q/100) = 1.22 x 100
c. 225 gpm at 2145 RPM N = 2143 Q = 122
d. 225 gpm at 3560 RPM RE: pg 85 CPD Review
Manual
21. If the diameter of the pump impeller changes from 6” with a flow rate of 125 gpm
to 8”, what will the new flow rate be? RE: pg 86 CPD Review
a. 84 gpm D/D1 = Q/Q1 Manual
b. 94 gpm 8/6 = Q/125
c. 166 gpm 125(8/6) = (A/125)125
166.67 = Q
d. 176 gpm
22. If water entering a copper piping system at 40 degrees and is heated with a heat
trace system to 120 degrees, how much will 10 feet expand in length?
a. 4.96 inch L2 - L1 = CL1 (T2 - T1) RE: pg 73 CPD Review
b. .0076 inch L2 - 10 = (19.5 x 10^-6)(10)(120-40) Manual
c. .072 inch L2 - 10 = .0076
23. What is the terminal length of a 4” sanitary drainage stack when the terminal
velocity is 12 fps. RE: pg 12 CPD Review
a. 2.31 feet Lt = .052 x (12)^2
Manual
b. 7.5 feet = 7.49
c. 8.33 feet
d. 5.5 feet
24. What is the flow in cfs for a 6” storm stack?
a. 1290 q = 27.8 x r^(5/3) x d^(8/3) 423.98 gal/min (1 min/60 sec) (1 cu.ft./7.48 gal)
b. .94 = 27.8 x (7/24)^(5/3) x 6^(8/3) .94 cfs
c. 129.0 = 27.8 x .1283 x 118.87
= 423.98 gpm RE: pg 13 CPD Review
d. 94 Manual
25. What is the flow in cfs in a 3” sanitary stack

a. .17 q = 27.8 x r^(5/3) x d^(8/3) 66.5 gal/min (1 min/60 sec) (1 cu.ft./7.48 gal)
b. 77 = 27.8 x (7/24)^(5/3) x 3^(8/3) .148 cfs
c. 67 = 27.8 x .1283 x 18.7
= 66.5 gpm RE: pg 13 CPD Review
d. .15 Manual
26. What is the flow rate of a 4” sanitary drain line flowing half full at a ¼” per foot
slope? V = (1.486/.014) x (.333/4)^(2/3) x .0104^(1/2) .254 cu.ft. (60 sec) (7.48 gal)
a. .127 gpm = 106.14 x .1906 x .144 sec (1 min) (1 cu.ft.)
Q = AV
b. .23 gpm = 2.92 fps
= pi (r)^2 =113.9 gal
c. 103 gpm = pi(.167^2)(2.92) =114/2 = 57
d. 57 gpm = .087(2.92)
= .254 cfs
27. How much horizontal area is equivalent to 1 gpm with a rainfall rate of 6” per
hour? RE: pg 34 CPD Review
8 cu.ft./hr = 8 = 16 Manual
a. 16 sq.ft.
6/12 .5
b. 19.2 sq.ft.
c. 32 sq.ft.
d. 42.2 sq.ft.
28. What is the coefficient of runoff with a runoff rate of 60 cfs with a rainfall rate of
6” per hour with an area of 3500 sq.ft.?
a. 12 Q = CiA 60/.48 = (C .48)/.48
b. 112 60 = C (6) .08 125 = C
c. 108 60 = C (6) (.08) RE: pg 39 CPD Review
6 (.08) 6 (.08) Manual
d. none of the above
29. How many gallons will be in a storage tank if 180 degree hot water is used to mix
with 300 gallons of 40 degree cold water to change the temperature of the water
to 100 degrees? The tank is 4 feet square and 6 feet high. RE: pg 70 CPD Review
a. 225 100-40 = 60 Manual
b. 525 180-100 80 = .75 = 75% hot
c. 718
d. 725 300 x .75 = 225 gal hot
300 gal cold + 225 gal hot = 525 gal mixed
30. How many btuh is lost thru a 3” hot water pipe at 140 degrees with ½” insulation
150 feet long. RE: pg 72 CPD Review
a. 2000 38 btuh x 150' = 5700 btuh Manual
b. 4300
c. 5700
d. 6300
31. Referring to the Site Plan shown in the diagram below, the invert elevation of the
Main St. storm sewer at the point where it connects with the building storm drain
is: 1812' - 837' = 975' (Diff between MH 8 and 7) RE: pg 6 CPD Review
a. 348.35 ft. MH 8 I.E.=341.11, MH 7 I.E.=355.73 = 14.62 (Difference) Manual
b. 349.80 ft. 14.62/975 = .015% slope
c. 351.70 ft. Storm Conn = 1232' = 395' from MH 7
d. 353.00 ft. 395' x .015 slope = 5.93' drop
MH 7 I.E. = 355.73 - 5.93' = 349.8
32. Referring to the Site plan shown in the diagram below, the maximum slope of the
building sanitary sewer is: RE: pg 6 CPD Review
a. 1.5000% 1300' - 325' = 975' (Diff between MH 22 and 23) Manual
b. 2.000% MH 22 I.E.=340.5, MH 23 I.E.=360.00 (Diff = 19.5')
c. 2.8065% 19.5/975 = .02% slope
d. 3.0650% San Conn = 750' - 325' = 425' from MH 23
425' x .02 = 8.5' drop
MH 23 I.E.=360.00 - 8.5' = 351.5 at conn to main
356.25 I.E. at building - 351.5' = 4.75' drop
155' from building to main
4.75/155 = .03065 - 3.065%
TAB 11
Design Guide Quizzes
HANDOUTS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
CPD exam review
Sample questions
1. If you were asked to estimate a preliminary plumbing budget from architectural drawings, what method would be best suited?
A. A percentage of the budget

B. Cost per fixture
C. Square foot pricing
D. A detailed material & labor take-off
(I personally think this question is subjective and that answers A, B & C could all be right.)
2. If you were asked to estimate a set of 95% plumbing construction documents, what method would be best suited?
A. A percentage of the budget
B. Cost per fixture
C. Square foot pricing
D. A detailed material & labor take-off
3. The location of the following can be determined from a new project’s civil utility survey except:
A. Sanitary sewer
B. Water main
C. Building drain
D. Storm sewer
4. Before designing a plumbing system, the engineer must determine:
A. The applicable code

B. The specification format
C. The drawing size
D. The scope of work
(Here I believe that answers A and D are both correct.)
5. What is the hydraulic radius of a 4" pipe flowing half-full?
A. 0.0625
B. 0.0833
C. 0.1040
D. 0.1250
(Hydraulic radius, Rh, is the ratio of the area of the flowing fluid over the wetted perimeter. It is measured in feet. For half-full and full flowing pipes it is
the same, D/4.)
6. What is the weight per square foot of 2" of water on a roof?
A. 7.48 lbs/sf
B. 10.4 lbs/sf
C. 5.2 lbs/sf
D. 8.33 lbs/sf
7. Which has the greatest runoff coefficient?
A. Grass
B. Frozen ground
C. Loose dirt
D. Pavement
8. What is the approximate pressure exerted at the thrust block for a 6” water main at 400 gpm (5 ft/s)? This requires the Joukowsky formula:
P = WaV/144g
A. 270 psi
B. 470 psi
C. 150 psi
D. 570 psi
(You must know that W is the specific weight of water, “a” is the pressure wave speed of water or about 4,000 ft/s, V is the velocity change, and g is the
gravitational acceleration.)
9. The critical velocity associated with laminar flow occurs at approximately what Reynolds number?
A. 1
B. 200
C. 2,000
D. 4,000
10. What is the neutral pH of water?
A. 1
B. 7
C. 11
D. 14
11. What are the color markings of copper pipe?
A. Type K has a green stripe

B. Type L has a blue stripe
C. Type M has a red stripe
D. All of the above
12. Which valve type is least suitable for balancing?
A. Gate
B. Globe
C. Ball
D. Butterfly
13. If you were to change a pump’s rpm from 1750 to 3500 given 20 gpm and 40 feet of head, the new flow and head would be:
A. 20 gpm at 40 feet
B. 40 gpm at 80 feet
C. 40 gpm at 160 feet
D. 60 gpm at 120 feet
14. Two parallel risers are 200' tall. One is 2" and one is 6". The pressure at the base of the 6" riser is:
A. One-third the pressure of the 2" riser

B. The same as the 2" riser
C. Three times that of the 2" riser
D. None of the above
15. Which type of copper has the thickest wall?
A. K
B. L
C. M
D. DWV
16. A 60’ tall riser reads 100 psi at its top. The pressure at the base of the riser would be:
A. 126 psi
B. 100 psi
C. 74 psi
D. 160 psi
17. Approximately how much KW is required to raise 500 gallons of water from 50 deg-F to 110 deg-F?
A. 63
B. 66
C. 73
D. 85
18. The ratio of a liquid’s density to that of water at 4 deg-C is:
A. Its viscosity
B. Its specific gravity
C. 4 to 1
D. 1.4 to 1
19. The mass of a fluid per unit volume is its:
A. Residual pressure
B. Density
C. Viscosity
D. Specific gravity
20. A 4” pipe has an invert elevation of 92.4 feet and runs 200 feet at 1/8” slope. The final invert elevation is:
A. 95.8’
B. 90.3’
C. 88.2’
D. None of the above
21. Which material is most resistant to corrosion?
A. Zinc
B. Cast iron
C. Copper
D. Steel
22. Fire sprinkler hydraulic calculations are based on which formula?
A. Manning
B. Bernoulli
C. Hazen-Williams
D. Haagen-Dazs
23. A fire sprinkler head has a k-factor of 7.6. What is the flow rate at 15 psi?
A. 24.3
B. 29.4
C. 41.3
D. 57.1
24. All valves controlling the supply of a fire sprinkler system should be:
A. Gate
B. Butterfly
C. Indicating
D. Insulated
25. The water flow in fire sprinkler system hydraulics is assumed to be:
A. Laminar
B. Tubular
C. Turbulent
D. Muddled
Answers: 1) C, 2) D, 3) C, 4) D, 5) B, 6) B, 7) D, 8) A, 9) D, 10) B, 11) D, 12) A, 13) C, 14) B, 15) A, 16) A, 17) C, 18) B, 19) B, 20) B, 21) C, 22) C, 23)
B, 24) C, 25) C
CPD Quiz - Interior Drainage Systems
April 6, 2006
Name: ______________________________
Score: ________
1. Find the stack size.

a. 4”
b. 5”
c. 6”
d. 8”
a. 24
b. 48
c. 96
d. 192
3. The total discharge in terms of fixture units, for a 2 inch waste stack, three branch
intervals or less, is:?
a. 1 dfu
b. 2 dfu
c. 4 dfu
d. 10 dfu
4. For a continuous flow into a drainage system, such as from a pump, ejector, air
conditioning equipment, or similar device, ________ fixture units shall be
allowed for each gallon per minute of flow.
a. 2
b. 2.5
c. 7.5
d. 21
e. Replacing PVC piping with cast iron piping
5. What would be the correct air gap distance from the bottom of a 2” indirect pipe
and the flood level of the receptacle.
a. 2”
b. 2.5”
c. 3”
d. 4”
water depth and has a 2” orifice
a. 23.62
b. 32.26
c. .0719
d. .0125
7. Any offset of a stack greater than ______ degrees can cause a hydraulic jump.
a. 30
b. 45
c. 60
d. 90
of 7/24?
a. 8 f/s
b. 9.5 f/s
c. 15.7 f/s
d. 16.5 f/s
9. What is the terminal length below point of entry in an 8” sanitary stack with a
cross sectional ratio of 7/24?
a. 9.13 feet
b. 19.96 feet
c. 20.72 feet
d. 913 feet
10. Ultimate vertical velocity of water through a stack is called _______________.

a. Terminal Length
b. Terminal Velocity
c. Velocity
d. Ultimate Velocity
11. A _____________ collects waste that do not contain fecal matter.

a. Soil Stack
b. Drainage Stack
c. Sanitary Stack
d. Waste Stack
12. Where indirect waste piping exceeds ________ in developed length to a floor
sink, it should be vented.
a. 25 ft
b. 50 ft
c. 100 ft
d. Indirect waste piping does not need to be vented because the floor sink is
trapped and vented.
CPD - Domestic Hot Water and Backflow Prevention Quiz
June 29, 2005
Time: 30 minutes
Name: ______________________________
Score: ________
1. How many BTU’s are required to raise 1 gallon of water 1 degree F?

a. 212
b. 1
c. 8.33
d. 7.48
2. How many BTU’s are in 1 KW hour?

a. 212
b. 3,413
c. 1000
d. 62.4
a. 88.3%
b. 71.5%
c. 75.2%
d. 57.1%
a. 62,500
b. 125,000
c. 1,040
d. 2,080
5. How many gallons would a semi-instantaneous water heater store with a rating of
300 gpm.
a. 100
b. 150
c. 200
d. 300
from 45 degrees incoming temperature if 80% of the water is usable?
a. 273,364
b. 100
c. 80
d. 341705
7. For Taylor High School in Alief, the size of a storage type water heater supplying
8 showers, 3 break room sinks, 6 lavatories and one mop sink will most nearly be:
a. 710
b. 591
c. 788
d. 1970
45 degree average temperature to 120 degrees Fahrenheit for household hot water
use?
a. 5,004 BTU
b. 22,464 BTU
c. 37,455 BTU
d. 59,904 BTU
9. A tank 3 feet square at the ends holds 400 gallons. How tall is the tank to the
nearest inch?
a. 5’11”
b. 6’6”
c. 10’0”
d. 12’0”
a. 308
b. 350
c. 208
d. 250
11. Approximately how many KW are required to raise 500 gallons of water from 50
to 110 degrees Fahrenheit?
a. 63
b. 66
c. 73
d. 85
12. One gallon of water weighs:

a. 1 lb.
b. 8.33 lb.
c. 7.48 lb.
d. 62.4 lb.
13. A high school gym facility has 60 shower heads that operate 10 minutes out of
every hour during the day. What is the most efficient method of heating the
water?
a. instantaneous water heater
b. semi-instantaneous water heater
c. storage type water heater
d. point-of-use heater
14. What kind of backflow prevention is acceptable for a cooling tower make-up
connection?
a. lift check valve
b. check valve
c. double check valve
d. air gap
15. What is the most effective backflow preventer?

a. check valve
b. air gap
c. double check valve
d. reduced pressure backflow preventer
16. vacuum breakers for water closet flushometer valves shall be installed with the
critical level above the overflow rim of the bowl at least:
a. 1”
b. 6”
c. 12”
d. 36”
17. Vacuum breakers are not required for water supplies provided with:
a. check valve
b. air chambers
c. an air break
d. an air gap
18. A pressure-type vacuum breaker is designed to be used for:

a. controlling water pressure
b. developing a vacuum
c. preventing back siphonage
d. eliminating water hammering
19. An atmospheric vacuum breaker can be installed in which position?

a. on its side
b. upright
c. in a vault below the flood rim
d. below the flood rim
20. Which of the following type of valve can be installed downstream of an

atmospheric vacuum breaker?
a. gate valve
b. ball valve
c. globe valve
d. none
21. If a carbonated beverage machine has a backflow condition, what does the
carbonated water do to the copper water lines?
a. It causes calcium to build up on the wall of the pipe.
b. It causes the water to fizz.
c. It causes the copper to dissolve and can cause poisoning.
d. It turns the pipe green.
22. Municipalities are requiring a fire protection system to have a reduced pressure
backflow preventer if the following is installed in the system:
a. sprinkler riser
b. hose standpipe
c. fire hoses
d. ethylene glycol antifreeze
23. An atmospheric vacuum breaker will protect against?

a. negative pressure
b. back pressure
c. installation errors
d. atmospheric pressure fluctuations
CPD - Domestic Hot Water Quiz
June 15, 2005
Time: 30 minutes
Name: ______________________________
Score: ________
1. How many BTU’s are required to raise 1 gallon of water 1 degree F?

a. 212
b. 1
c. 8.33
d. 7.48
2. How many BTU’s are in 1 KW hour?

a. 212
b. 3,413
c. 1000
d. 62.4
a. 88.3%
b. 71.5%
c. 75.2%
d. 57.1%
a. 62,500
b. 125,000
c. 1,040
d. 2,080
5. How many gallons would a semi-instantaneous water heater store with a rating of
300 gpm.
a. 100
b. 150
c. 200
d. 300
from 45 degrees incoming temperature if 80% of the water is usable?
a. 273,364
b. 100
c. 80
d. 341705
7. For Taylor High School in Alief, the size of a storage type water heater supplying
8 showers, 3 break room sinks, 6 lavatories and one mop sink will most nearly be:
a. 710
b. 591
c. 788
d. 1970
45 degree average temperature to 120 degrees Fahrenheit for household hot water
use?
a. 5,004 BTU
b. 22,464 BTU
c. 37,455 BTU
d. 59,904 BTU
9. A tank 3 feet square at the ends holds 400 gallons. How tall is the tank to the
nearest inch?
a. 5’11”
b. 6’6”
c. 10’0”
d. 12’0”
a. 308
b. 350
c. 208
d. 250
11. Approximately how many KW are required to raise 500 gallons of water from 50
to 110 degrees Fahrenheit?
a. 63
b. 66
c. 73
d. 85
12. One gallon of water weighs:

a. 1 lb.
b. 8.33 lb.
c. 7.48 lb.
d. 62.4 lb.
13. A high school gym facility has 60 shower heads that operate 10 minutes out of
every hour during the day. What is the most efficient method of heating the
water?
a. instantaneous water heater
b. semi-instantaneous water heater
c. storage type water heater
d. point-of-use heater
14. Which one of these objectives do not apply to the design of an efficient hot-water
distribution system.
a. Providing adequate amounts of water at the prescribed temperature to all
fixtures and equipment during the busiest hours in a timely manner.
b. A system that will perform it’s function safely.
c. The utilization of an economical heat source.
d. A cost-effective and durable installation.
15. Generally, hot water should be available at any time of the day or night and
during low-demand periods as well as during peak flows.
a. Yes
b. No
16. Waste hot water is an economical heat source in conserving energy.

a. Yes
b. No
17. Standard plumbing equipment, including water heaters and storage tanks, is
designated for a working pressure of ___ psi and any pressure that exceeds this
should be considered hazardous.
a. 120
b. 125
c. 150
d. 180
ANSWER SHEET:
1) b
2) b
3) d
4) b
5) a
6) c
7) c
8) c
9) a
10) a
11) c
12) b
13) c
14) a
15) a
16) a
17) b
ADVANCED PLUMBING
THE
END!

An Intro To Pumping Stations For Water Supply Systems

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CERIFIED IN PLUMBING DESIGN (CPD) EXAM REVIEW

March 17th & 18st

Donald Taylor, CPD, GPD

1) 1 cubic foot = _________ gallons

2) 1 gallon of water = __________ pounds

3) Hydraulic radius (R) = _________ (hint: formula)

4) It is important to maintain a minimum of ________ fps velocity in public

5) 2000 btuh = ________ cfh

6) .72 cfs = ___________ gpm

8) 1 cubic foot of water = ____________pounds

10) 1 psi = ____________ feet of head

11) g = _______ fps

13) 1 psi gauge pressure = ____ ______ psi atmospheric

14) 1/8 “ slope pipe = ___ _______ ft/ft

15) ___ _______ btuh = 1 kw

18) What is the neutral PH level for water? __ ______

Donald Taylor, CPD, GPD

Take Key Number Quiz

A. Flow in Drainage Systems

PAY VERY CLOSE ATTENTION TO UNITS!!!!!

For storm drains, use .0145 for all size pipes.

Ex 1: Find the velocity of flow in a storm system of a 6” pipe sloped at ½”

Ex 3: Find flow in a 4” sanitary pipe at 1/8” slope flowing full flow.

(6) The minimum velocity of flow to achieve scouring action in

Terminal Velocity Vt=3.0(q/d)^(2/5)

Ex 4: Find terminal velocity of a stack when an 8” stack is flowing 40 gpm.

Ex 5: Find terminal length of flow in a 6” stack with a terminal velocity of 6fps.

Ex 6: Find terminal length of flow in a 4” stack flowing 32 gpm.

q=27.8 x r^(5/3) x d^(8/3)

Ex 7: What is the flow capacity in a 6” stack?

Ex 8: Find terminal length for an 8” stack.

Common Vent Continuous Vent

Maximum Fixture Vent

Horizontal Branch Drain

Stack Vent Floor

2 B.I. Lowest branch should

Vent Stack used as relief

Either type Relief Vent

Lower Section Soil Stack

Hydraulic Jump at Offset

Min. 10 x Stack Dia.

Stack is sized on total fixture

Offset greater than 45° from

E. Storm Water Systems

(3) There are 3 main groups of a drainage structure:

(5) Consider usable storage when sizing storage capacity of a water

The common equation for determining the percentage of hot water

Bathing temperature is 98°F to 104°F

Showering temperature is 101°F to 105°F

Hand washing temperature is 100°F to 105°F

Dishwashing temperature is 120°F to 160°F

Ex 21: How many gallons of water will 18 KW heat up 70 degrees?

Ex: At a 20 degree drop, if there is a 25,000 btu loss in a system,

 Two common methods of maintaining hot

Amp (3 Phase) KW x 1000

Amp (1 Phase) KW x 1000

Btu/hr = 8.33 · q · temp rise

1 KW will heat: 2.9 gph 140F Temp. rise

1 KW Hour = 3412 BTU

1 BHP = 34.5 lbs of steam at 212F

1 BHP = 33,475 BTU

1 BHP = 9,808 KW (10 KW)

How many Btus are required to raise 40 gallons of water

13) 1 psi gauge pressure = __ psi atmospheric

14) 1/8 “ slope pipe = _ _____ ft/ft

15) _ _____ btuh = 1 kw

18) What is the neutral PH level for water? ____

1) 1 cubic foot = _7.48____ gallons

2) 1 gallon of water = 8.33__ pounds

3) Hydraulic radius (R) = _D/4____ (hint: formula)

4) It is important to maintain a minimum of 2 fps velocity in public

5) 2000 btuh = 2 cfh

6) .72 cfs = _323.14__ gpm

8) 1 cubic foot of water = _62.4____pounds

10) 1 psi = 2.31_ feet of head

11) g = 32.2___ fps

13) 1 psi gauge pressure = 14.7__ psi atmospheric

14) 1/8 “ slope pipe = _.0104_____ ft/ft

15) _3413_____ btuh = 1 kw

16) _140___ degrees (F) is max temperature discharge in drainage system

18) What is the neutral PH level for water? 7____

19) What is the coefficient of flow (K) in a fire sprinkler? _7.6____