University of the Cordilleras

School of Engineering and Architecture

Department of Electronics Engineering

Baguio City

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirement of the Course

ECE 421L Broadcasting and Acoustics Laboratory

By:

Bismonte, Isaac

Dacumos, Bryan Paul

Datuin, Ivan Jed

Gabay, Stephen Elly

Ebuen, Ivy Clariz

Marquez, Gerard Martin D.

Rodriguez, Melvin

Salah, Ridha

Engr. Rose Ellen N. Macabiog, PECE

Adviser
ECE 432 (Broadcast Engineering)

Radio Station Visit: DZEQ Radyo Pilipinas 999

A. List of Baguio AM Broadcast Stations

Frequency Name Call Sign

89.5 FM 89.5 Star FM Baguio DWIM

91.9 FM 91.9 Easy Rock Baguio DZST

92.7 FM Barangay FM 92.7 DWRA

Baguio

95.1 FM 95.1 Love Radio Baguio DWMB

95.9 FM 95.9 Big Sound FM DWBG

Baguio

96.7 FM 96.7 K-Lite Baguio DWSK

99.9 FM 99.9 Country Baguio DZWR

102.3 FM Radyo5 102.3 News FM DZYB

Baguio

103.1 FM MOR 103.1 For Life! DZRR

Baguio

103.9 FM 103.9 iFM Baguio DWHB

105.1 FM 105.1 Crossover Baguio DZBM

107.1 FM Memories FM 107.1 DZLL

Baguio
 B. Block Diagram of a Radio Broadcasting System

Functions:

 Crystal Oscillator – is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses the mechanical

resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal
with a precise frequency.
 Selenium Rectifier – is a type of metal rectifier used in power supplies for electronic
equipment, and in high current battery charger applications.
 Audio Amplifier – is an electronic amplifier that reproduces low-power electronic
audio signals.
 Buffer – provides sufficient drive capability to pass signals or data bits along to a
succeeding stage.
 RF Exciter – it is the low-power RF stages of a radio transmitter.
 Modulator – takes a baseband input signal and then outputs a radio frequency
modulated signal.
 Silicon Rectifier Diode – is a four-layer solid-state current-controlling device.
 Antenna – it is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and
electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or receiver.
 1. Identify and describe the soundproofing used in the broadcast studio.

According to the DJ we interviewed at IFM 103.9 their soundproofing is a DIY (do it

yourself). It is made with foam and cloth.

2. What type of antennas are used? Discuss the characteristics of these

antennas.

The antenna tower at the transmitter site of IFM 103.9 has a height of 120 ft. The
antenna used in the radio station is a directional antenna while the transmitter site
uses a unidirectional antenna.

3. Identify the various equipment in the transmitter site and discuss the
function of each.

IFM 103.9 uses an R405700x vacuum tube type transmitter it has a maximum power of
10kW, but they only use 3kW which is a downgrade from last year’s 5kW. They also have
a studio tower link which receives RF signal from the studio and converts it to audio
signal to be inputted to their transmitter and will be filtered by their harmonic
transmitter.

4. Discuss the antenna lighting

According to the station’s technician their transmitter antenna has three lights. One
from the top and two to the bottom. The lights has an estimated distance of 50 ft.

5. Identify and discuss the software used by the FM Broadcast Station.

The software used by IFM 103.9 is adobe audition. They use it for mixing music and
filtering noise, it can also be used for playing music when the DJ is out.

6. Identify the Broadcast Day.

The commercial/ broadcast time of IFM 103.9 is from 4:00 am in the morning until
1:00am on weekdays and Sunday. During Saturdays they only broadcast from 4:00am –
9:00 pm.

7. Discuss the Classes of FM Radio Broadcast Stations and identify to what

class station is categorized.

Classes of FM stations are defined as follows:

o Class A Station. A Class A station is an unlimited time station (that is, it can broadcast
24 hours per day) that operates on a clear channel. The operating power shall not be less
than 10 kilowatts (kW) or more than 50kW.
o Class B Station. A Class B station is an unlimited time station. Class B stations are
authorized to operate with a minimum power of 0.250 kW (250 watts) and a maximum
power of 50 kW. (If a Class B station operates with less than 0.250 kW, the RMS must be
equal to or greater than 107.5 mV/m at 1 km at the actual power.) If the station is
authorized to operate in the expanded band (1610 to 1700 kHz), the maximum power is 10
kW.

o Class C Station. A Class C station is an unlimited time station that operates on a local
channel. The power shall not be less than 0.25 kW nor more than 1 kW. Class C stations
that are licensed to operate with 0.100 kW may continue to operate as licensed.

o Class D Station. A Class D station operates either daytime, limited time, or unlimited
time with a nighttime power less than 0.250 kW and an equivalent RMS antenna field less
than 107.5 mV/m at 1 km at the actual power. Class D stations shall operate
with daytime powers not less than 0.250 kW nor more than 50 kW. NOTE: If a station is
an existing daytime-only station, its class will be Class D.

According to the station technician, they are a class B station, because they are
operating for only 21hrs a day. Also, class A station’s are only allowed at Metro Manila
and Metro Cebu.

8. What are the licenses/permits posted in the studio/transmitters site? Where

are these posted?

The licenses/permits posted in the studio are construction permit, permit to possess,
permit to test broadcast, DTI permits and the licenses for their Electronics Engineer
and Electronics Technicians. The transmitter site has a separate construction permit
because IFM 103.9 is a split type station. Also licenses and permit to possess where
posted at the transmitter site. All of the permit and licenses where posted on the walls
where it is visible.

9. Identify the Service Areas.

The areas served IFM 103.9 are CAR, Pangasinan and some parts of Nueva Ecija and
La Union.

10. Is the station an EBS Station? Discuss the procedures during an

emergency.

Yes, IFM 103.9 is an EBS Station. According to the DJ they are mandated to have an
article every day to announce to the public. They also provide the President with an
expeditious method of communicating in the event of calamities or war.
 11. What is the commercial time, broadcast time, etc.?

IFM 103.9 has 15 commercials for every quarter on an hour.

12. How frequent do the announce station ID?

They frequently announce their station ID every hour.

13. Identify the electronic engineer and/or technicians and the corresponding
broadcast licenses they hold.

IFM 103.9 three has electronic technicians and one Electronics Engineer they hold a
legitimate electronics technician professional ID and Electronics Engineer
professional ID respectively from the PRC.

Station Manager:

 Ian Glenn Binaldo

Technical Supervisor:

 Arnold E. Estigoy