The Year of Jubilee - The Pattern of Prophecy

4/24/2019 The Year of Jubilee - The Pattern of Prophecy
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The Pattern of
Prophecy The Year of Jubilee
Method & Approach
The Death &
Resurrection of Levi 25:8 And you shall number 7 sabbaths of years …
Christ
Daniel's 70 Weeks Levi 25:10 And you shall hallow the 50th year… it will be a jubilee unto you…
Jeremiah's 70 Years
Ezekiel's 430 Years
The Year of Jubilee
I. The Relationship Between Jeremiah & Ezekiel’s Prophecies
The Crossing of the
Jordan River I have said several times in the last few chapters that there is a unique relationship
Isaiah's 65 Years between Jeremiah’s 70 years and Ezekiel’s 390 & 40 years.
Moses' 40 Years
1. Both prophecies concerned the future judgment of Israel – the captivity of Babylon.
Abraham's 400
Years 2. Both prophecies were fulfilled when the siege of Jerusalem began.
Noah's 120 Years
3. Both were written about the same time, only 12 years apart,
Daniel's 70th Week
Conclusions 4. Both were revealed before the judgment of Israel began – during a period of grace
The Birth of Christ
5. Both state that the captivity is a result of Israel’s past iniquity.
Ezekiel's 430 Days
Chart 6. Both reveal that the period of iniquity occurred over a specific time-span in the past.
Failed Prophecies?
* Ezekiel over a period of 390 & 40 years
Sister Sites
Sitemap * Jeremiah over a period that contained 70 missed Sabbath years
[FN: Jer 25:1-3 prophecy given in 605/604 BC…see The Mysterious Numbers of
the Hebrew Kings p183;
Ezekiel’s prophecy was given in 593/592 BC].
https://sites.google.com/site/thepatternofprophecy/the-year-of-jubilee 1/14
We are faced with a fascinating and important possibility. THE 430 YEARS OF INIQUITY OF
ISRAEL WERE THE CAUSE OF ISRAEL’S 70 YEAR PERIOD OF JUDGMENT! In other words,
the 430 years of iniquity CONTAINED 70 missed Sabbaths—the prophecies were just
recorded in different ways by different prophets.
II. 430 Years of Missed Sabbaths?
Can we prove that there were 70 missed Sabbatical years in Ezekiel’s 430 year period of
iniquity? If so, then we know that the two prophecies have the unique relationship of cause and
effect – one is the period of iniquity, the other the period of judgment.
The first step in proving that Ezekiel’s 430 years contained 70 missed Sabbaths is to establish the exact
time-frame the 430 years began and ended. We have already established these dates in the previous
chapter. The 430 years began with the ascension of Saul as King of Israel, the year that Israel rejected
God as their king – 1053/1052 BC. The 430 years ended during Josiah’s 18th year, the year of great
religious reform in Israel – 623/622 BC.
The next step to determine whether 70 missed Sabbaths occurred during this 430 year period is to answer
several fundamental questions:
What is a Sabbath year and Jubilee year?
Is the year of Jubilee considered a Sabbath year?
Was the year of Jubilee celebrated every 49th year or every 50th year?
Do we know any definite Sabbath or Jubilee years so the correct cycle can be pinpointed?
Were the 70 missed Sabbath / Jubilee Years solar or prophetic?
A. What Is a Sabbath Year and a Jubilee Year?
After the exodus, God gave the twelve tribes several commandments to obey once they entered into the
promised land. These commandments are recorded in the book of Exodus, Numbers, Leviticus and
Deuteronomy. Most of the commandments detailed the relationship of the Israelites with their families,
their neighbors, foreigners, and even with their God – but the one that concerns us here is their
relationship with their land.
Although this may seem the least important of the laws given to the Israelites, one must remember that
the land was their inheritance. It was their promise, given to them after dwelling in a foreign country for
430 years. It was part of their covenant given to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. In a prophecy given to
Abraham, God said that his seed would again return to the land after 400 years of oppression in a foreign
land.
After the Israelites came into the land of their inheritance, they were to observe a “Sabbath” of the land.
Sabbath literally means “to rest” or “to cease from labor.” The commandment specifies that Israel allow
the land to “rest” every seventh year from planting and sowing.
Sabbatical Year – Every 7 years
Levi 25:2 … When ye come into the land … then shall the land keep a sabbath unto the LORD.
Levi 25:3 Six years thou shalt sow thy field… and gather in the fruit thereof;
Levi 25:4 But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, a sabbath for
the LORD: thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.
In addition to the Sabbatical Year that occurred every seven years, God also prescribed a “year of
Jubilee.” Israel was to count SEVEN SABBATHS, or 7 x 7 = 49 years, and the following year was to be a
Jubilee—a special and “hallowed” Sabbath year. In the year of Jubilee, like the Sabbatical year, Israel
was to allow the land to lay fallow.
Jubilee Year – Every 50 Years
Levi 25:8 And thou shalt number seven sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven
years; and the space of the seven sabbaths of years shall be unto thee forty and nine years.
Levi 25:10 And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year…: it shall be a jubilee unto you…
Levi 25:11 …ye shall not sow, neither reap…
B. Is the Year of Jubilee Considered a Sabbath Year?
The book of Chronicles records that the land lay desolate for seventy years during the Babylonian captivity
to make up for Israel’s missed Sabbath years.
2Chr 36:20 And them that had escaped from the sword carried [Nebuchadnezzar] away to
Babylon; where they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom of Persia:
2Chr 36:21 To fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had
enjoyed her sabbaths: for as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfill seventy
years.
An interesting problem must be answered. The text specifically states that as long as the land lay
desolate, it kept “sabbath.” Should the year of Jubilee be included as a “sabbath” of the land? In other
words, since the children of Israel were being punished for not honoring the Sabbath Year, did this include
missing the year of Jubilee?
The answer lies in the meaning of the term “sabbath.” As stated earlier, the word “sabbath” means to
“rest” or to “cease from labor.” In the year of Jubilee, like the Sabbatical year, the land was to remain
fallow, that is, to rest from agricultural work. In addition, if ignoring a Sabbatical year was important
enough to determine the length of the future captivity of Israel, then missing the year of Jubilee which is
even more rare and “hallowed” [Lev. 25:10] would certainly be included.
C. Was the Year of Jubilee Celebrated Every 49th Year or Every 50th year?
There has been much debate, even before the time of Christ, whether a Jubilee occurs every 49th year or
every 50th year. Once every 50 years is the clear reading of the text. But in some rabbinical sources as
well as in the ancient apocryphal Book of Jubilees written about 150 BC, the Jubilee year is considered to
occur every 49th year. An argument in favor of this interpretation is that two consecutive years of allowing
the land to lay fallow would almost certainly drive the Israelites into famine. [FN: Jack Finegan, p. 127
(s232)]
A third interpretation, proposed by Rabbi Judah, is “that the fiftieth year counts both ways.” In other words,
the year of Jubilee is both the fiftieth year, and the first year of the new fifty year cycle. In summary, there
are three possible interpretations for the cycle of Sabbaths and Jubilees.
For the moment, let’s assume that the there were indeed 70 Sabbaths missed within Ezekiel’s 430 years.
Which Scenario would allow such a possibility? How many missed Sabbath and Jubilee’s occur in a 430
year period if the Jubilee occurs on a 49 year cycle? How many if the cycle is every 50 years? How many
if the 50th year is also the first year of the next cycle? The answer is slightly more complicated than one
would first assume, because it depends on when the cycle begins.
To illustrate this point, let’s ask a simpler question. How many Sabbath days (Sunday’s) are in a period of
18 days? A week is 7 days, so the first assumption is that there are two. But it actually depends on when
the 18 day period begins and ends. The following figures illustrate the point.
If the 18 days began on a Monday, there are 2 Sabbaths days. But if the 18 days began on a Friday, there
are actually 3 Sabbaths. There is not one answer, but a RANGE of answers. In this case, the answer is
that there are 2 – 3 Sabbath days within a period of 18 days depending on when the 18 days began.
The same can be said of the previous questions: How many missed Sabbath years are in a
period of 430 years? It depends on when the cycle began. We can, though, determine the range
of possible missed Sabbath and Jubilee years for each scenario, which is shown in the table
below. In addition, I have include the probability of a given number of Sabbath and Jubilee
years occurring in a random 430 year time span for each of the possible cycles
First, we recognize that it is certainly possible that 430 years contained 70 missed
Sabbaths for the last two scenarios. This is strong evidence in support of the theory that
Ezekiel’s 430 Year Period of Iniquity contain 70 Missed Sabbath / Jubilee Years &
The Jubilee Year occurred once every 50 years!
D. Do We Know Any Sabbath or Jubilee Years So the Correct Cycle Can Be

Pinpointed?
Although scholars have theorized when the cycle of Sabbath and Jubilees occurred, I
believe the evidence supports a different cycle than the ones that have been proposed.
1. Their proposed cycle assumes the Jubilee occurs every 49th year, although a clear
reading of the text as well as the analysis of Ezekiel’s 430 years suggest a 50 year
cycle.
2. The “known” Sabbatical years used to determine the cycle were all late, many
years after the Babylonian captivity.
3. The Israelites were being punished for ignoring the Sabbath and Jubilee years
from the years 1052 - 622 BC. The likelihood that they remembered the true cycle
after the Babylonian captivity is unlikely.
I will now ask the reader to take a leap of faith. I have argued that in the study of
prophecy, one could see the hand of God shaping the events of history. It is these patterns
in time that reveal a Divine creator who could move and shape history to His will.
I have also argued that one of the patterns is that each prophecy points to one date key
date in history – the year the Israelites crossed the Jordan River and entered the land of
Canaan. It is this year “when they came into the land” [Lev. 25:2], that the cycle of
Sabbaths and Jubilees began. The Jubilee year served as an anniversary and reminder of
this important date in Israel’s history.
It seems likely that if the Jubilee year was such a celebrated event, that God would shape
the events of history, that ever so often, a significant event would occur on a
Jubilee Year. Of course history and the Bible are filled with important events—which
might correspond to the year of Jubilee?
The dates we are looking for are found both in the Bible and also secular history. I will argue
that there are at least four dates, shown in the following table, that fall on or near the true
Jubilee cycle. These dates have a unique trait; not only do they fall on nearly the same 50 year
cycle, but they all in some way have a relationship to the year of Jubilee.
Saul’s Ascension Over Israel (1053 / 1052 BC) – This was the year that Israel
rejected God as their King. It symbolizes the year Israel become a nation for it is the year
that they were first given a king, who would unite the twelve tribes as one. There is even
a scriptural tie between the year the Israelites crossed into their land and the day they
cried for a king:
Deut 17:14 When you come unto the land which the LORD thy God gives thee, and shalt
possess it, and shalt dwell therein, and shalt say, I will set a king over me, like as all the
nations that are about me;
It is also the beginning of the Ezekiel’s 430 years of Iniquity. We have already shown that
this period of iniquity corresponds to 70 MISSED SABBATH and JUBILEE YEARS. It seems
appropriate that the first year of the period of iniquity is a Jubilee year, the most sacred of
the Sabbath years. Knowing that the first year of the 430 year period is a Jubilee, we can
determine the number of missed Sabbath years with certainty.
Elijah & Elisha Cross Over Jordan (853 / 852 BC) -- Of all dates in history, this date
alone has a strong and unique relationship to the year that the Israelites crossed over
Jordan into Canaan. The events that occurred when Elijah and Elisha stood before Jordan,
mirrored the events that occurred 600 years earlier when Joshua stood before the very
same river, ready to lead his people into Canaan.
Josh 3:8 And thou shalt command the priests that bear the ark of the covenant, saying,
When ye are come to the brink of the water of Jordan, ye shall stand still in Jordan.
Josh 3:13 And it shall come to pass, as soon as the soles of the feet of the priests that bear
the ark of the LORD … shall rest in the waters of Jordan, that the waters of Jordan shall be
cut off from the waters that come down from above; and they shall stand upon an heap.
...
Josh 3:15 And as they that bare the ark were come unto Jordan.…
Josh 3:16 … the waters which came down from above stood and rose up upon an heap …
Josh 3:17 … and all the Israelites passed over on dry ground…
Josh 4:23 For the LORD your God dried up the waters of Jordan from before you, until ye
were passed over, as the LORD your God did to the Red sea…
The waters of the Jordan River were cut off and rose in a heap as the Israelites crossed
over. Afterwards, God instructed them to name the area in which they camped “Gilgal,”
meaning “to roll,” as a reminder that God had rolled away the reproach of Egypt off them.
This miracle is only repeated ONCE MORE IN THE HISTORY OF ISRAEL. At the end of
Elijah’s prophetic career, before he was taken to heaven in a chariot of fire, he took Elisha
under his wing as his protégé. During his last few weeks, he went from city to city with
Elisha. The first of these sites was Gilgal, the city where the Israelites camped after
crossing the Jordan River.
2Kin 2:1 And it came to pass, when the LORD would take up Elijah into heaven by a whirlwind,
that Elijah went with Elisha from Gilgal.
The final place they visited was the banks of the Jordan River. There Elijah struck the
waters of Jordan with his mantle, and the same miracle that allowed the Israelites to cross
over Jordan on dry land occurred again. The waters of the Jordan River parted so that the
two prophets could cross over!
2Kin 2:8 And Elijah took his mantle, and wrapped it together, and smote the waters, and they
were divided hither and thither, so that they two went over on dry ground.
The date of this miracle can be fixed to the year. In the first chapter of 2 Kings,
immediately before the record of Elijah’s assumption, the date of the event is recorded:
2Kin 1:1 Then Moab rebelled against Israel after the death of Ahab.
2Kin 1:2 And Ahaziah fell down through a lattice in his upper chamber that was in Samaria,
and was sick…
These events can be dated by a synchronism with Assyria – the battle of Qarqar in 853
BC. This date corresponds to the death of Ahab and the first year of Ahaziah. Since
Ahaziah’s reign was only two years, the likely date of Elijah and Elisha’s crossing of the
Jordan River is 853 / 852 BC. [FN: The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings,
p.95].
One other clue that this date is a Jubilee year is the unusually high occurrence of the word
“fifty” in the first two chapter of 2 Kings, which culminates in Elijah being caught up in a
whirlwind. Remember that the Jubilee year is the 50th year of the sabbatical cycle.
2Kin 1:9 Then the king sent unto him a captain of fifty with his fifty…
2Kin 1:10 And Elijah answered and said to the captain of fifty,
… then let fire come down from heaven, and consume thee and thy fifty.
And there came down fire from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty.
2Kin 1:11 Again also he sent unto him another captain of fifty with his fifty…
2Kin 1:12 And Elijah … said … let fire come down from heaven, and consume thee and thy
fifty.
And the fire of God came down from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty.
2Kin 1:13 And he sent again a captain of the third fifty with his fifty.
And the third captain of fifty went up…
and said unto him.. let my life, and the life of these fifty thy servants, be
precious in thy sight.
2Kin 1:14 Behold, there came fire down from heaven, and burnt up the two captains of the
former fifties with their fifties: therefore let my life now be precious in thy sight.
….
2Kin 2:7 And fifty men of the sons of the prophets went, and stood to view afar off: and
they two stood by Jordan.
….
2Kin 2:16 And they said unto him, Behold now, there be with thy servants fifty strong men;
let them go, we pray thee, and seek thy master…
2Kin 2:17 … They sent therefore fifty men; and they sought three days, but found him not.
The word “fifty” occurs eighteen times between the two chapters—more than any other two
chapters in the Bible. The chance that the description of the miracle of the parting of the
Jordan River occurs in such close proximity to the high density of the word “fifty,” seems to
signal that the year is indeed a YEAR OF JUBILEE!
Hezekiah’s Forced Jubilee (701 – 699 BC) In 701 BC, Hezekiah was attacked by
Assyria. As a sign that Judah would not fall to the Assyrian forces, Isaiah prophesied that
although they would not be able to sow their crops (due to the siege of their city by
Assyrian forces – a forced “sabbath” of the land), God would still provide sustenance for
them. The wording parallels the description found in Leviticus 25 where God promises to
provide for Israel during their Sabbath and Jubilee years (see Leviticus 25:20-22).
2Kin 19:29 And this shall be a sign unto thee, Ye shall eat this year such things as grow of
themselves, and in the second year that which springeth of the same; and in the third year sow
ye, and reap, and plant vineyards, and eat the fruits thereof.
2Kin 19:30 And the remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah shall yet again take root
downward, and bear fruit upward.
This year seems to be a forced Jubilee year, that is, God is forcing Israel to allow the land
to lay fallow. Although extremely subtle, this is additional evidence that Jeremiah’s 70
years for the land begins with the SIEGE of Jerusalem and no earlier or later!
Israel Declared a Nation (May 1948 AD) – The final date that symbolizes the year
Israel became a nation is May 1948 AD. During this year, after centuries of not having a
home in the Middle East, the world declared that Israel was once again a nation and that
the land of their ancestors was to be their homeland. The year falls almost exactly on the
cycle of Jubilees as the other dates.
Conclusion
The dates cluster around a common Jubilee cycle which repeats every 50 years and begins
(although does not originate) in 1053 / 1052 BC, the year Saul was anointed King of
Israel. Although this analysis does not prove that this is the correct Jubilee cycle, the
probability that all these dates fall within one year of an anniversary date of the crossing of
the Jordan River demands some consideration. It will be shown later in this chapter, that in
each case the number of Jubilees is significant, and that only a Divine Creator could have
shaped history so perfectly.
If these dates are indeed Jubilee years, then the Jubilee cycle must occur on a 50 year
cycle in which the 50th year DOES NOT count as the first year of the next cycle! This
corresponds to “scenario 2” given in the previous table.
E. Were the 70 Missed Sabbath / Jubilee Years in Ezekiel’s 430 Years

Solar Or Prophetic?
We have enough information now to answer our original question – How many missed
Sabbaths are in Ezekiel’s 430 year period? In solving this problem, though, we now have
an opportunity to answer a dilemma from a previous chapter. In the chapter on Jeremiah’s
70 years, it was concluded that the 70 years were probably PROPHETIC. That is, the years
were 360 days long instead of 365.2422 days (a solar year). In fact, 70 prophetic years
are almost EXACTLY 69 solar years:
70 Prophetic years x 360 days / year = 25200 days
69 Solar years x 365.2422 days / year = 25202 days
Therefore, if Jeremiah’s 70 years are PROPHETIC years, there should only be 69 MISSED
SABBATH AND JUBILEE YEARS IN EZEKIEL’S 430 YEARS. From the charts earlier (scenario
2) 68, 69, or 70 missed Sabbaths are possible in 430 year period.
We now know the EXACT range over which the 70 missed Sabbath and Jubilee years occurred.
We know which type of cycle God intended for the Israelites to follow. We know which years
correspond to the year of Jubilee. This information is all we need to determine the answer to
our two questions: “How many missed Sabbaths are in Ezekiel’s 430 year period?” & “Were
Jeremiah’s 70 years prophetic years or solar?” When the information is put together in table
form, the answer is obvious. There were 69 missed Sabbath & Jubilees in Ezekiel’s 430 years.
If everything we have assumed is correct – then there were 69 MISSED JUBILEE AND
SABBATH YEARS IN EZEKIEL’S 430 YEARS. This emphasizes three points
1. Ezekiel’s 430 Years of Iniquity corresponds to the period of Missed Sabbaths of Jeremiah’s
70 years.
2. Jeremiah’s 70 years are PROPHETIC – that is, they are years of 360 days each.
3. The Jubilee Year occurred once every 50 years, and did not count as the first year of the
next cycle.
III. Emerging Patterns
Pa ern 1—The Pa ern of Sin and Judgment
The pattern of sin and judgment continues with the prophecy of Ezekiel’s. Simply put, Ezekiel’s period of
430 years is the period of iniquity, containing 69 missed Sabbath and Jubilee years (70 prophetic years).
Jeremiah’s 70 years is the period of judgment, spanning exactly 69 years from the siege of Babylon to the
year God began to bless the land again.
Pa ern 2–The Prophetic Year
Ezekiel’s prophecy is 390 SOLAR years, and 40 SOLAR years. It is, though, intimately tied to the
prophetic year. The 430 year period contains 69 years of missed Sabbath and Jubilee years, which
equals exactly 70 Prophetic years. This ties the prophecy to Jeremiah’s 70 years.
Ezekiel’s 430 years has an intimate relationship with a second prophesy. In the prophecy of Daniel’s 70
Weeks, the weeks were divided into three periods: 7 weeks, 62 weeks, and 1 week. The final week
corresponded to the time of Tribulation that would one day fall upon the world. The 7 weeks and 62 weeks
seemed out of place, since there was no obvious reason for the division. Ezekiel’s prophecy is also
divided into two periods: 390 years for Israel and 40 years for Judah. The interconnection between
Ezekiel’s and Daniel’s prophecy is subtle yet incredible, for there are 62 missed Sabbath years in the
period of 390 years and 7 missed Sabbath years in the period of 40 years!
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Ezekiel’s prophecy was given in 593/592 BC].

II. 430 Years of Missed Sabbaths?

What is a Sabbath year and Jubilee year?

Is the year of Jubilee considered a Sabbath year?

Were the 70 missed Sabbath / Jubilee Years solar or prophetic?

A. What Is a Sabbath Year and a Jubilee Year?

Sabbatical Year – Every 7 years

Jubilee Year – Every 50 Years

Levi 25:11 …ye shall not sow, neither reap…

B. Is the Year of Jubilee Considered a Sabbath Year?

The Jubilee Year occurred once every 50 years!

D. Do We Know Any Sabbath or Jubilee Years So the Correct Cycle Can Be

And the third captain of fifty went up…

E. Were the 70 Missed Sabbath / Jubilee Years in Ezekiel’s 430 Years

70 Prophetic years x 360 days / year = 25200 days

69 Solar years x 365.2422 days / year = 25202 days

III. Emerging Patterns

Pa ern 1—The Pa ern of Sin and Judgment

Pa ern 2–The Prophetic Year

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