It is a biological process by which an organism removes harmful

metabolic wastes from the body

Excretion in Human Beings Excretion in Plants

Excretory system in humans removes the nitrogen containing Plants excrete various waste products during their life
wastes such as urea in the form of urine through the kidney. processes.

Excretory System

Ureter Urinary Bladder Urethra

They are paired, thin muscular tubes coming Urine is stored here It is a duct which transmits urine
from each kidney and open into urinary bladder. temporarily. from the urinary bladder to the
They help in passage of urine. exterior of the body.

Kidney Gaseous Waste Products

It is the main organ of excretory system. It is reddish Carbon dioxide and oxygen are excreted out through
brown and bean-shaped organ. stomata and lenticels.
Functions of Kidney
● Removal of excess water and waste .
● Regulation of blood plasma concentration. Liquid Waste Products
● Regulation of blood pH. Plants get rid of excess water by transpiration through
stomata.

Nephron
Each kidney is made up of thousands of tiny tubules Solid Waste Products
called nephron. It is the structural and functional unit of
Some plants store waste substances in cell vacuoles and
kidney.
tissues with dead cells, get rid of them by dropping their
leaves.

Formation of Urine
● Ultrafiltration of blood occurs in glomerulus of
Useful Plant Wastes
Bowman's capsule. Some plants wastes are useful for human beings.
● Selective reabsorption of useful substances occurs in Examples:
tubule, forming urine. ● Essential oils.
● Gums to make adhesives and resins to make glazing
agents.
● Natural rubber for tyre industry and tannin for
Removal of Urine treatment of leather.
Urine is stored in urinary bladder and pass out through
urethra, under nervous control.

Artificial Kidney
It is a device that removes nitrogenous wastes products
from blood through dialysis, in case of kidney failure.