Social

 Contract

Government
Society
Government

The cup of power

Limited  

is half full for

government.
Who has the
other half?
the  idea  that  the  powers  
of  government  should  be  
restricted  in  order  to  
protect  individual  rights  
(or  natural  rights)
The  idea  that  society  
agrees  to  be  governed  
in  order  to  receive  a  
bene:it.
Individual   Consent  of  the  
Rights Governed

POWER
 The  idea  that  
government  derives  its  
authority  from  the  
people.
The  principle  that  even  
though  majority  rules,  
each  person  has  rights  
that  should  not  be  taken  
away
Confederacy Federalism
 A  loose  union  of  states.  
The  government  states  
had  under  the  Articles  of  
Confederation.
a  system  of  government  
that  balances  power  
between  the  national  
(central  or  federal)  and  
state  governments
Separation  of   Checks  and  
Powers Balances
 The  Constitution  
separates  the  national  
government  into  three  
branches:  Executive,  
Legislative  and  Judicial.
A  system  that  allows  each  
branch  of  government  to  
limit  the  powers  of  the  
other  branches  in  order  to  
prevent  abuse  of  power.
 Popular   Majority  Rule
Sovereignty

If they were voting on

a law, whatever the
blue people wanted
would pass.
 People  rule  
through  their  
ability  to  vote
Governance  according  to  
the  expressed  preferences  
of  the  majority
Elastic  Clause

The Rubber band of Legislative Power

1800s FUTURE
Judicial  Review

That,
my friends, is
illegal!
The  power  of  the  Supreme  
Court  to  declare  laws  and  
actions  of  local,  state,  or  
national  governments  
unconstitutional.  
It  is  a  CHECK  on  the  other  
branches.
The  ability  of  Congress  to  
stretch  their  powers  in  
order  to  do  what  is  
necessary  and  proper.
Legislative   Rule  of  Law
Branch

LAW
 The  branch  
responsible  for  
making  laws.
The  principle  that  the  law  
applies  to  everyone,  even  
those  who  govern.
Judicial  Branch Executive  
Branch
 The  branch  
responsible  for  
interpreting  
laws.
The  branch  
responsible  for  
enforcing  laws.
Impeach Veto

+
One  “team”  blocks  the  other
 To  formally  accuse  a  
president  or  judge  of  
illegal  actions  in  a  court  of  
law.
When  the  
President  blocks  
the  passing  of  a  
law  by  Congress.
Amendment

+
Override One  team  blocks The  other  returns  the  favor
 When  the  Congress  
cancels  out  a  President’s  
veto  in  order  to  pass  a  law.
A  change  made  to  the  
Constitution  in  order  to  
protect  the  rights  of  
individuals.
Eminent   Double  
Domain Jeopardy

x  2
 The  ability  of  the  
government  to  take  your  
property  in  exchange  for  
money.
When  a  person  is  tried  
twice  for  the  same  crime.  
Illegal  under  the  5th  
Amendment.
Impartial  Jury Due  Process

fair
A  jury  of  people  who  have  
no  prior  knowledge  or  
preconceived  notions  
about  the  guilt  or  
innocence  of  a  defendant
Due  process  is  the  
principle  that  the  
government  must  respect  
all  of  the  legal  rights  that  
are  owed  to  a  person  
according  to  the  law
 Equal   Discrimination
Protection

x LAW
= 100%
protection

x LAW
= 100%
protection
The  notion  that  everyone  
is  protected  by  the  law  
equally.  
This  prevents  
discrimination.
The  act  of  denying  people  
opportunities  because  
they  are  different.
Constitution Articles  of  
Confederation
 It  delegates  speci:ic  
powers  to  the  National  
government  and  reserves  
the  rest  for  people  and  the  
states.
The  :irst  Constitution  of  
the  U.S.  
It  created  a  loose  union  of  
states,  or  confederacy.