1.1 Concentration of heavy metal in banana.

Concentration of essential and toxic element in banana (Musa spp.)

Element Control 5g of Calcium 10g of Calcium 15g of Calcium

Carbide Carbide Carbide
Cr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Co 0.00u 0.00u 0.00u 0.00u

Ni 0.00u -0.01 ± 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.00u

Cu 0.023 ± 4.7x10-3 0.03 ± 0.00 0.07 ± 0.008 0.09 ± 4.7x10-3

Zn 0.017 ± 4.7x10-3 0.06 ± 0.00 0.06 ± 0.00 0.15 ± 4.7x10-3

Mn 0.35 ± 0.02 0.34 ± 0.00 0.34 ± 0.00 0.84 ± 8.2x10-3

As 0.00u 0.00 0.01 ± 0.011 0.01± 5.7x10-3

Cd 0.00u 0.00u 0.00 0.00

Pb 0.003± 4.7x10-3 0.02 ± 0.00 0.59 ± 0.07 0.62 ± 8.2x10-3

Al 0.16 ± 0.016 0.23 ± 4.7x10-3 0.37 ± 0.033 0.5 ± 0.00

Table 4.1 Comparison of concentration (μg/g) of analytes in current study with previously reported values
Analytes Current study Current Current Current (Grembecka (Leterme (Santos et (Habte et (Hardisson
study study study & Szefer, et al., al., 2004) al., et al.,
2013) 2006) 2017) 2001)
control 5g calcium 10g 15g
carbide calcium calcium
carbide carbide
Cr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.035 3.0 0.23 0.048 -

Co 0.00u 0.00u 0.00u 0.00u - - - 0.0003 -

Ni 0.00u -0.01 0.00 0.00u 0.055 1.03 0.0002 0.109 -

Cu 0.023 0.03 0.07 0.09 0.6 1.05 - 0.91 1.25

Zn 0.017 0.06 0.06 0.15 1.45 2.78 2.3 2.15 1.7

Mn 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.84 1.30 30.0 5.4 13.2 0.7

As 0.00u 0.00 0.01 0.01 - - - 0.002 -

Cd 0.00u 0.00u 0.00 0.00 - - 0.00002 0.0005 -

Pb 0.003 0.02 0.59 0.62 - - 0.0003 0.0012 -

Al 0.16 0.23 0.37 0.5 - - 0.9 13.8 -