Tome of Knowledge Buyer's Sample

2
6:00 PM, 20 May 2019

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The Tome of Knowledge: 2345 New Shortcuts and Techniques in
English, Filipino, Science, Mathematics, Logical Reasoning, and
General Knowledge Tests College Entrance Test Reviewer is the
first and only book with a strategically-collated summary of all the
important classroom lessons you need to know before taking your
admission exams.
What is New
Everything! This is the best book by far from The UPCAT Review.
It is a lightyear ahead of our previous Shortcuts and Techniques
versions. Thousands of corrections and revisions are made from
the previous edition to spawn this one of a kind book. Each lesson
is reexamined and revised to make sure it is not passé. Also, new
shortcuts and techniques are added based on the questions that
appeared on different college entrance tests last year. The
Redesign is something not to miss for the CET takers this year.
Shortcuts and Techniques That Really Work!
• Scientifically designed to help you learn faster
• Secret shortcuts to easily solve hard test problems
• Shortcuts used by quiz bee competitors
• Untaught and taught lessons included
• Bladder-rupturing science digest
• K to 12-aligned lessons
• Test-appearing examples
• Powerful tactics to defeat trick and trap questions
• One sentence-one lesson rule for effective cramming
• Secret formulas not found in other books
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The book is indeed, as our reviewers claim, ahead of its own time.
Each shortcut is mind-blowing and reading the whole tome will
improve your exam scores exponentially and increase your
chances of getting accepted into your dream school. Most of the
shortcuts and techniques here are NOT TAUGHT IN A REGULAR
CLASSROOM. It is better if you get yourself your own copy
because borrowing or lending books decreases the use efficiency
by a huge margin. This will render the book ineffective (interview
with the past users who lent the book). Remember, there is not
much time to read 2345 shortcuts and techniques, so always have
your book near your person.
See you this May 20!

#UPCAT2020
#TomeofKnowledge
*Photocopying without the permission of the authors and

unauthorised use of the book is a crime. If caught, infractors will
be charged with violating the Intellectual Property Code and shall
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the tome.
5
TOME OF
KNOWLEDGE
2345 NEW SHORTCUTS AND TECHNIQUES
REVISED EDITION
2019
PRAKTIKI
STUDENT DIGEST PUBLISHNG HOUSE ⋅ QUEZON CITY

6
STUDENT DIGEST PUBLISHING HOUSE
10-Ilihan Street, Quezon City
1105 Metro Manila, Philippines
Tel.: (02) 410 6803
Copyright © 2019 by the authors

First printing 2019
Revised Edition 2019
Book design by C. C. Lee

Cover design by C. C. Lee
Edited and fact-checked by Mau Bautista
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or

transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or
other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of
the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews
and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
ISBN: _________________
Printed in the Philippines
7
ENGLISH.
SHORTCUT 1
Neither is paired with nor while either is paired with or.
Wrong: Either Carl nor Tim is correct. Right: Either Carl or Tim is correct.
SHORTCUT 2
I always take am in exchange of the verb is.
Wrong: Either she or I is correct. Right: Either she or I am correct.
SHORTCUT 3
Weight, Height, Quantity take a singular verb.
Wrong: Twenty miles are quite a long distance to run.
Right: Twenty miles is quite a long distance to run.
SHORTCUT 4
Here and There cannot act as sentence subjects.
Examples: Here comes the teacher. (teacher: subject).
There are seven flowers left. (seven flowers: subject).
Complements
SHORTCUT 5
A complement completes the meaning expressed by a verb or a linking verb.
SHORTCUT 6
The compliment of a verb is called an object. It receives the action of a transitive
verb.
Examples: The boy threw the stones. (object: stones)
We read the book. (object: book)
Note: Transitive verb is a verb that has an action doer and action
receiver.
SHORTCUT 7
The complement of a linking verb is called a predicate noun/ predicate pronoun/
predicate adjective.
Examples: My classmate is smart. (predicate adjective: smart)
That is you. (predicate pronoun: you)
She is the principal. (predicate noun: principal)
Reminder
Photocopying without the permission of the authors and unauthorized
use of the book is a crime. If caught, infractors will be charged with
violating the Intellectual Property Code and shall pay damages at a cost
higher than the book they wanted to reproduce. Rewards of up to Php
10,000 shall be awarded to good samaritans who would report any
incident of illegal reproduction of this book.
8
SHORTCUT 8
Do not put To after Need Not and Dare Not.
Wrong: She needs not to do it.
Right: She need not do it.
Wrong: Pilots dare not to enter the Bermuda Triangle.
Right: Pilots dare not enter the Bermuda Triangle.
SHORTCUT 9
Hand In: to submit something / Hand Out: to appropriate something
Examples: I handed in my letter of resignation to our boss last week.
They handed out the goods to the informal settlers.
SHORTCUT 10
Agree On: a course of action. Agree Upon: a particular stand/ point raised.
Examples: I agree upon your point. Nevertheless, the whole team did not
agree on the path the company would take.
SHORTCUT 11
Bare-Infinitives are used after Modal Auxiliaries instead of To-Infinitive.
Wrong: Leonard must to attend the review classes.
Right: Leonard must attend the review classes.
Note: Modal Auxiliaries are words like can, may, might, shall, will, must.
SHORTCUT 12
Elder and eldest must be used for persons and family members only. Older and
oldest are for things and persons.
Right: She is my elder sister
Right: She is my older sister.
Kinds of Adjectives
SHORTCUT 13
Beside means by the side of; besides means in addition to.
Wrong: Please sit besides Rea. Right: Please sit beside Rea.
Wrong: We sent some soldiers to Afghanistan beside Gen. Lemarque’s.
Right: We sent some soldiers to Afghanistan besides Gen. Lemarque’s.
Reminder
9
SHORTCUT 14
Between : two or more subjects. Among : three or more.
Wrong: Carl and Tim divided the money among them.
Right: Carl and Tim divided the money between them.
Right: They divided the money between them.
Right: They divided the money among them.
SHORTCUT 15
Differs with (has different opinion or view); Differs from (is unlike in aspects).
Wrong: Carl differs from his friends on the matter of old wines.
Right: Carl differs with his friends on the matter of old wines.
Wrong: America differs with China in many things.
Right: America differs from China in many things.
SHORTCUT 16
If I were is followed by persons in subjective form.
Wrong: If I were her, I would not marry him.
Right: If I were she, I would not marry him.
SHORTCUT 17
Sympathize With: someone / Sympathize In: situation or condition
Examples: Germany sympathizes with France over the Notre Dame
conflagration.
I sympathize in your reaction to my libelous comments. I am
sorry.
SHORTCUT 18
Fewer: countable noun / Lesser: uncountable noun
Examples: You should drink fewer glasses of chocolate milk.
Lesser orcs will go dizzy at such height.
Reminder
10
SHORTCUT 19
Amoral: without regard to morality or immorality / Immoral: violating moral
standards
Examples: His job is amoral; all he needs to do is to evaluate the statistics.
Extralegal killing is immoral.
SHORTCUT 20
Search Into: examine / Search For: to find a missing object
Examples: You need to search into this matter for there must be a cause.
He is searching for his missing wallet.
..M A T H E M A T I C S .
SHORTCUT 21 Discount Percentage

𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑑 ./012
To know the percentage of the discount of an item, use 1− 3/040567 ./012
Ex: An item in the grocery store sells oranges at 30 pesos each. If the store has a
summer sale and sells the oranges at 23 pesos each, what is the discounted
89
percentage of the sale? *1 − 9: = 1 − 0.77 = 0.23 = 23%
SHORTCUT 22 How much larger than
x is larger/greater than y by a magnitude of x-y
Ex: How much larger is 3x+1 than 3x-5? *(3x+1)-(3x-5)=4x+1-3x+5=6
Reminder
11
SHORTCUT 23 How many times larger than
If the question asks ‘how many times larger than x is y’ or ‘how many times larger
is y than x’, divide the two numbers and the number with an ‘is’ word before it
goes to the numerator.
B(6D3𝑏 )
Ex: How many times larger than a+3b is 9a+27b? * =9
6D9G
SHORTCUT 24 x is y% of what number
𝒙
Formula: 100 I𝒚L
M:
Ex: 10 is 5% of what number? * 100 I L = 100(2) = 200
N
SHORTCUT 25 What part of x is y
Divide the two numbers and the number with an ‘is’ word before it goes to the
numerator.
Ex: What part is 10 of 100? *10/100 = 1/10
SHORTCUT 26 What percentage of x is y
Divide the two numbers and the number with an ‘is’ word before it goes to the
numerator. Then convert the fraction to percentage.
M: M
Ex: What percentage of 30 is 10? * = 9 = 0.33 = 33%
9:
SHORTCUT 27 Number of real solutions
To know the number of distinct real zeros/solutions a function have, factor first the
function then the number of distinct factors that has real solutions, no matter what
their degrees are, is the number of solutions.
Ex: How many factors does f(x)=x3+x2-x-1 have?
*Factoring it would give (x+1)2(x-1).
Both of which have real solutions of -1 and 1, respectively. Hence, the answer is 2
SHORTCUT 28 Multiple of 3
1. The sum of all digits must be divisible by 3.
Ex: Is 541431 a multiple of 3? *5+4+1+4+3+1 = 18
‘18’ is a multiple of 3, therefore 541431 is a multiple of 3
Reminder
12
1. The last two numbers must be divisible by 4.
Ex: Is 1235 a multiple of 4?
*35 is not a multiple of 4, therefore 1235 is not a multiple of 4
1. The sum of all digits must be divisible by 3 and the number must be even.
Ex: Is 35112 a multiple of 6? *3+5+1+1+2=12
‘12’ is a multiple of 3 and 35112 is even. Hence, 35112 is a multiple of 3
1. Get the rightmost digit, take it away from the original number
2. Multiply the removed digit by 2
3. Subtract the product from the original number without its last digit.
4. Repeat the process if the resulting number is still large
5. If the final number is divisible by seven, then the original number is divisible by
seven.
* 4325 & 6 431 & 3 42 & 5
Ex: Is 43256 a multiple of 7? 6 𝑥 2 = 12 3 𝑥 2 = 6 5 𝑥 2 = 10
4325 − 12 = 4313 431 − 6 = 425 42 − 10 = 32
’32’ is not divisible by 7, so 43256 is not divisible by 7.
1. The last three numbers must be divisible by 8.
Ex: Is 43256 a multiple of 8?
*’256’ is a multiple of 8, therefore 43256 is a multiple of 8
1. The sum of all digits must be divisible by 9.
Ex: Is 432657 a multiple of 9? *4+3+2+6+5+7 = 27
‘27’ is a multiple of 9, therefore 432657 is a multiple of 9
Reminder
13
1. Start with the leftmost digit, put a minus sign between the 1st and the 2nd digit,
then a plus sign between the 2nd and the 3rd digit, then a minus sign again, then a
plus sign… until you reach the space between the last two digits.
2. Compute for the answer
3. If the resulting number is divisible by 11, then the original number is divisible
by 11
Ex: Is 5342436 a multiple of 11? * 5 − 3 + 4 − 2 + 4 − 3 + 6 = 11
‘11’ is divisible by 11. Hence, 5342436 is also divisible by 11
SHORTCUT 35 Multiplying by 15
1. Half the number being multiplied to 15
2. Add it to the original number
3. Lastly, multiply by 10
Ex: 36 x 15 *36/2 = 18
18+36 = 54
54 x 10 = 540
SHORTCUT 36 Multiplying by 25
1. Divide the number by four
2. Multiply the quotient by 100
Ex: 52 x 25 * 52/4 = 13
13 x 100 = 1300
SHORTCUT 37 Squaring integers from 50 to 59
1. Add the ones digit to 25 (1)
2. Square the ones digit (2)
3. Combine the two to get the answer (1)(2)
*25 + 6 = 31
Ex: Solve 562 62 = 36
Thus, 562 = 3136
Reminder
14
SHORTCUT 38 ‘C Rule’ of Cartesian Plane Quadrants
1. Draw a Letter C starting from the upper-right portion
2. The Path Covered as you trace C would be the sequential order of quadrants.
*Quadrant I (+,+)
*Quadrant II (-,+)
*Quadrant III (-,-)
*Quadrant IV (+,-)
Ex: The point (-2,-9) is in what quadrant? *(-,-) = III

SHORTCUT 39 Plane
A plane is a flat, two-dimensional surface that extends infinitely far.
SHORTCUT 40 Convex vs Convex

Convex are curved outwards, while concave are curved inwards.
Convex Concave
Ex: Which of the following is concave?

a) Angle b) Ray c) Line d) Regular Heptagon *A
Reminder
violating the Intellectual Property Code and shall pay damages at a
cost higher than the book they wanted to reproduce. Rewards of up to
Php 10,000 shall be awarded to good samaritans who would report any
15
.BIOLOGY.
SHORTCUT 41 Louis Pasteur - disproved spontaneous generation through an

experiment where beef broth was sterilized through boiling in
two flasks, one that was exposed to air and another that was
protected from it.
Animal Cell:
SHORTCUT 42 Animal cells are eukaryotic cells, or cells with a membrane-
bound nucleus.
SHORTCUT 43 Organelles – different parts of cell.
SHORTCUT 44 Semipermeable – not everything can enter or pass through.
SHORTCUT 45 Fingerlike folds – where microvilli are found.
SHORTCUT 46 Microvilli (Singular: Microvillus) – increases the surface area of
the cell.
SHORTCUT 47 Cytoplasm – fluid that fills the cell and contains cytosol. This is
where the molecules first pass through after entering or before
exiting the cell membrane. And this is where the organelles are
found and move.
SHORTCUT 48 Cytosol – fluid that contains electrolytes. This is the site of
cytosolic activities like signal transduction, DNA transcription and
replication, glycolysis, enzyme activities, etc.
SHORTCUT 49 Nucleus (Plural: Nuclei) – serves as the control center of the
cell.
SHORTCUT 50 Nuclear Envelope – boundary of the nucleus.
SHORTCUT 51 Nucleoplasm – found inside the nuclear envelope
Reminder
16
SHORTCUT 52 Chromatin – found within nucleoplasm. A combination of DNA
and proteins
Scientific Names of Some Animals
(8 items)
Human Homo Sapiens Philippine Pithecophaga
Eagle Jefferyi
Dog Canis Lupus Familiaris Crocodile Crocodylus Palustris
Cat Felis Domesticus Tiger Panthera Tigris
Carabao Bubalus Bubalis Lion Panthera Leo
Carabanesis
...G E N E R A L S C I E N C E ..
SHORTCUT 1 Living things are any organism or a living form that possesses or
shows the characteristics of life or being alive.
E.g. Bacteria, Protozoa, Plants, Fungi, Animals, Humans, etc.
SHORTCUT 2 Living things must take in nutrients in order to live.
SHORTCUT 3 Living things must take in use energy to carry on life processes.
SHORTCUT 4 Living things are classified by eight major taxonomic levels;
domain, kingdom, phyla, class, order, family, genus, and
species.
SHORTCUT 5 Non-living things are dead, not living, or inanimate.
E.g. rock, water, sand, glass, sun, etc.
SHORTCUT 6 Different organs that work together make up a system.
SHORTCUT 7 The cell wall is for the protection of a plant.
SHORTCUT 8 Water and minerals enter a plant through the root hairs.
Reminder
17
SHORTCUT 9 Chlorophyll changes sunlight to chemical energy.
SHORTCUT 10 Carbon dioxide enters a plant through stomata.
..P H Y S I C S .
SHORTCUT 1 Physical Quantity

Physical Quantities are the numerical data of physical objects.
Ex: 20 meters, 2.3 kg, 2 seconds.
SHORTCUT 2 7 Fundamental Quantities:
Quantities Unit
Length Meter (m)
Time Second (s)
Mass Kilogram (kg)
Temperature Kelvin (K)
Electric Current Ampere (A)
Amount of Substance Mole (mol)
Luminous Intensity Candela (cd)
SHORTCUT 3 Prefixes for SI Units
Prefix Factor Prefix Factor

yotta- (Y) 108U deci- (d) 10VM
zetta- (Z) 108M centi- (c) 10V8
exa- (E) 10MW milli- (m) 10V9
peta- (P) 10MN
micro- (𝜇) 10VY
M8
tera- (T) 10 nano- (n) 10VB
B
giga- (G) 10 pico- (p) 10VM8
Y
mega- (M) 10 femto- (f) 10VMN
9
kilo- (k) 10 atto- (a) 10VMW
hecto- (h) 108 zepto- (z) 10V8M
deka- (da) 10M yocto- (y) 10V8U
SHORTCUT 4 Scalars
A scalar quantity is a kind of physical quantity that describes only the magnitude
(number and unit) of an object.
Ex: Mass, Distance, Speed, Temperature, Density
Reminder
18
SHORTCUT 5 Vectors
A vector quantity is a kind of physical quantity that describes the magnitude
(number and unit) and direction of an object.
Ex: Weight, Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration, Force
..LOGICAL REASONING .
SHORTCUT 6 The sequence can have two changing patterns being used
interchangeably
Ex: 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 15, 30, 34
+1 *2 +2 *2 +3 *2 +4
SHORTCUT 7 Changing Shapes
SHORTCUT 8 Inner & Outer Objects
SHORTCUT 9 The sequence can have two independent patterns in it. 1st
pattern occurs on the 1st,3rd,5th,... element; 2nd pattern
occurs on the 2nd,4th,6th,... element
Reminder
19
SHORTCUT 10 A is to B Kind of Question
SHORTCUT 11 Tools
The common use of the subject
Ex. Axe : Timber :: Camera : ____ Photos
SHORTCUT 12 Age
The subject in each stages of its life
Ex. Lion : Cub :: Horse : ____ Foal
SHORTCUT 13 Vocation
The subject’s job or role
Ex. Bible : Priest :: Quran : ____ Imam
SHORTCUT 14 Sound
What the subject sounds like
Ex. Dog : Arf-arf :: Gecko : ______ Tokay-tokay
SHORTCUT 15 Measurement
How the subject is being measured
Ex. Light : Wavelength :: Sound : ____ Frequency
SHORTCUT 16 Repeating letters
Repeating letters in the spelling of the subject
Ex. Archon : Archly :: Centaur : ____ Centavos
Reminder
20
. FILIPINO.
SHORTCUT 17 Paruparo hindi paru-paro o paro-paro.

SHORTCUT 18 Haluhalo hindi halo-halo (pagkain)
Hal. Maraming sahog ang haluhalo ni Aling Marie.
SHORTCUT 19 Taga- hindi tiga.
Hal. Si Ering ay taganayon habang si Cypher naman ay taga-
Quezon.
SHORTCUT 20 Hatiin at Hatian
Hatiin kung ang isang bagay ay papartihin.
Hatian kung ang bahagi ng isang bagay ay ibibigay sa iba.
Hal. Hatiin mo sa apat ang tinapay.
Hindi makatarungan ang hatian sa lupa.
SHORTCUT 21 Walisin ang dumi. Walisan ang sahig o ang isang lugar.
SHORTCUT 22 Hatinggabi hindi hating-gabi.
SHORTCUT 23 Kaganapan at Pangyayari
Hindi iisa ang ibig sabihin ng dalawang salita. Ginagamit ang
“kaganapan” upang ipahiwatig ang “kabuoan” ng isang bagay o
pangyayari. Ang “pangyayari” ay ang Tagalog ng “event”.
Hal. Ang kaganapan niya bilang Diyos.
Maraming pangyayari ang hindi kayang ipaliwanag ng lohika.
SHORTCUT 24 Imahen hindi imahe.
SHORTCUT 25 Aspekto hindi aspeto.
Reminder
21
. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE .
HISTORICAL EVENTS
SHORTCUT 26 The Great Pyramid of Giza was built during the time of the
Egyptian ruler Cheops.
SHORTCUT 27 Rome was founded in the year 753 BCE.
SHORTCUT 28 Suez Canal opened in the year 1869.
SHORTCUT 29 The Eiffel tower was built in 1889.
SHORTCUT 30 WW1 lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 Nov 1918.
SHORTCUT 31 WW2 lasted from 1 Sep 1939 to 2 Sep 1945.
SHORTCUT 32 Cold War lasted from 1947 to 1991.
SHORTCUT 33 Bangladesh separated from Pakistan in 1971.
DISCOVERIES
SHORTCUT 1 Marie Curie and Pierre Curie discovered the radium in 1898.
SHORTCUT 2 Clyde Tonbaugh discovered Pluto in 1930.
Reminder
22
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23

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6:00 PM, 20 May 2019

See you this May 20!

*Photocopying without the permission of the authors and

STUDENT DIGEST PUBLISHNG HOUSE ⋅ QUEZON CITY

Copyright © 2019 by the authors

Book design by C. C. Lee

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or

Printed in the Philippines

SHORTCUT 21 Discount Percentage

Ex: The point (-2,-9) is in what quadrant? *(-,-) = III

SHORTCUT 40 Convex vs Convex

Ex: Which of the following is concave?

SHORTCUT 41 Louis Pasteur - disproved spontaneous generation through an

SHORTCUT 1 Physical Quantity

Prefix Factor Prefix Factor

SHORTCUT 7 Changing Shapes

SHORTCUT 8 Inner & Outer Objects

SHORTCUT 17 Paruparo hindi paru-paro o paro-paro.

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