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COMPARATOR:
A device for comparing something measurable with a reference or standard such as two
voltages or currents.

PURPOSE:
The purpose of a comparator is to detect and display the small differences between the
unknown linear dimensions and the length of the standard. The difference in lengths is
detected as a displacement of a sensing probe. The important and essential function of the
instruments is to magnify or amplify the small input displacement so that it is displayed on
an analog scale.

ESSENTIAL PARTS OF A COMPARATOR:

1. Fixed surface from which all measurements are taken
2. A very sensitive indicator which will show the movement of a sliding piece usually
terminating in an anvil with curved surface
3. Some means of setting the curved face
Arrangement of above parts is used to measure the difference between the length or
diameter of a component & a standard of length, usually made up of slip gauges.

DESIRABLE FEATURES:
1. Recording scale should be linear
2. Maximum rigidity
3. Maximum compensation of temperature effect
4. Neither lag nor backlash in the movement of the plunger & recording mechanism
5. Indicator should be constant in its return to zero
6. Measurement pressure should be low & constant
7. Instrument should be capable of a wide measuring range
8. Should be able to record variations of 0.0025mm.

USES OF COMPARATORS:
1. To inspect newly purchased gauges
2. In mass production, where components are to be checked at a very fast rate
3. As laboratory standards from which working or inspection gauges are set & correlated
4. As working, to prevent work spoilage & to maintain required tolerance at all important
stages of manufacture
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CLASSIFICATION OF COMPARATORS:
With respect to the principle used in amplifying and recording
measurement,comparators are classified as follows:
1. Mechanical Comparators
2. Mechanical-optical Comparators
3. Electric and Electronic Comparators
4. pneumatic Comparators
5. other types like projection Comparators and multi-check comparators

PNEUMATIC COMPARATOR:
The instruments which are operated by the gas or air under pressure are called
as Pneumatic.
In Pneumatic comparators, air is used as the magnification system.
Using the pneumatic comparators enables two approaches for measuring the Deflection in
measurement by

1. Measuring the Air pressure

2. Measuring the Velocity of Airflow

The response of the comparator working on the airflow is quite faster when compared to
the comparator working on the air pressure. We can magnify up to 30,000 more than the
actual movement.

pneumatic comparator
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WORKING PRINCIPLE:
The Pneumatic Comparators are working based on the Bernoulli’s Theory.
The Bernoulli’s theory states that: The velocity of the fluid will be increased with respect to
increasing pressure.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM:

COMPONENTS IN PNEUMATIC COMPARATORS:

Followings are the components in Pneumatic Comparators:

1. Control Orifice (CO)

2. Measuring Orifice (MO)
3. Pressure Gauge
4. Pressure Regulator
5. Air Filter
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components of pneumatic comparator

MANUFACTURING OF PNEUMATIC COMPARATORS:

Pneumatic comparators are manufactured by Lab Equipments Pvt. Ltd.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:

 Food grade stainless steel and hermetic technology in the military industry
 High precision,stable generating pressure,easy operation.
 Wide pressurized range, high vacuum degree
 High reliability, Wide micro-adjusting range
 Technical Specification
 Pressure range (-0.98~60) bar
 Stability Above 0.02%F.S
 Working Media air
 Output Interface M20×1.5 Female
 Dimensions(L×W×H) 380mm×380mm×200mm
 Weight 14.8Kg

Reference:

https://www.indiamart.com/labequipments/
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ADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATIC COMPARATORS:

1. High degree of magnification is possible.
2. No wear takes place in on the workpiece due to no contact of the comparator to the
workpiece.
3. High accuracy can be achieved due to very few moving parts.
4. Suitable to measure the diameter of holes.
5. Best instrument to determine the ovality and taper of the circular holes.

DISADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATIC COMPARATORS:

1. Low speed of response compared to other types of comparators like optical
comparators.
2. an accurate pressure regulator is required. and the apparatus is not portable.
3. The scale is not uniform.