How did the Philippine Archipelago formed?

There are a lot of theories on how Philippine Archipelago was formed. On a version from a
Philippine folklore, it was said that the country came from a fight between two giants from Ilocos, named
Angalo and Angarab. However, how did the Philippine Archipelago form as explained by science?

Millions of years ago, the world started from a super continent called Pangaea. Because of
continental drift, Pangaea was separated to 7 different continents. The first Philippine islands – Mindoro
and Palawan showed up about 60 million years ago, which is very near to the island of present-day
Taiwan.

The country is composed of many island arcs formed by several incidents of subduction The
island arcs are formed when the mantle melted. These hot and molten rocks stream progressively making
the plates above the mantle it move about. The plates move or rotate and at collide against each other
sometimes. Upon collision, it undergoes subduction which means the heavier plate slides beneath the
lighter plate and is dipped against the hot mantle of the earth. The subducting plate carries with it some
sediments down into the subduction zones. The heat of the mantle melts the edges of the subducted plate
and the sediments it carried which forms magma.

The magma, being less dense, is pushed up against the crust. As it tries to escape to the surface, it
sometimes creates violent explosions. As it progressed, belt of volcanoes were formed on above the
dominant plate. When an oceanic plate descends beneath another oceanic plate, the belt of volcanoes
formed results in island arcs. The Philippines is an assembly of several island arcs.

With the exemption of Palawan, Mindoro and Romblon, most of the Philippine islands are
considered to have been parts of island arcs formed at the southern edge of the Philippine Sea plate
millions of years ago. As part of the Philippine Sea plate, the islands moved northward as the plate rotated
clockwise. These Philippine Mobile Belt or the moving islands, eventually collided with the Sundaland.
The collision resulted in a series of subductions around Philippine archipelago.

On the western border, are the subductions along trenches of Manila, Negros, Sulu and Celebes
where the plates of the South China Sea, Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea are subducting beneath the Philippine
Sea plate. These eastward subductions resulted to the island arcs of Luzon, Negros, Sulu-Zamboanga and
Cotabato. On the eastern frontier are the subductions along East Luzon trough and Philippine trench.
These westward subductions resulted in the formations of the eastern island arcs of Northern Sierra
Madre, Southern Sierra Madre-Polillo-Catanduanes and the East Philippine arc. In time, some of these
arcs merged together forming big islands like Luzon and Mindanao. The Luzon arc is a complex belt of
volcanoes extending from the Coastal Range of southeastern Taiwan through the volcanic islands north of
Luzon, the Luzon Central Cordillera, and the Western Luzon arc, ending at Marinduque Island. The arc
has been active since the Oligocene period to the present.

To summary, the whole country of Philippines started first as a part of the super continent
Pangaea. After continental drift, it became separated into 7 continents. The country came from a lot of
island arcs formed from a series of subcductions.