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READING II
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Chocolate Revealed
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CHOCOLATE REVEALED
The secrets of the success of chocolate. By Patrick Howarth

D
Pre-reading
ANSWERS ON PAGE 45

1 o you like chocolate?

Match the senses (1 to 5) to the parts of the body (a-e). It’s popular all over
1. Sight the world, but why?
2. Smell Scientists have been trying
3. Sound to discover its secrets.
4. Touch
5. Taste The main thing is that
chocolate makes us happy.
This may have something
to do with the 380 known
a b chemicals found in it. The
problem is that many of
these chemicals appear in
other types of food too. So,
c e it’s difficult to know why
the ones in chocolate make
d us feel good. But we aren’t
all lost. Adam Drewnowski
at the University of
2 Reading I Michigan found that
What would a good definition of the perfect chocolate be? chocolate makes the human brain produce natural opiates, called optoids.
Refer to the following areas: sight, smell, sound, touch These can stop pain and make us feel good.
and taste. Think. Then, read the article once to check your
ideas. Others think that we feel good after eating chocolate because of a chemical
called anandamide. This occurs naturally in the brain and seems to give us
3 Reading II a feeling of happiness. Normally, our levels of anandamide are very low and
Read the article again and complete the information. our body uses it quickly. But two scientists, Emmanuelle di Tomaso of Harvard
1. There are about chemicals University and Daniele Piomelli of the University of California believe that the
in chocolate. anandamide in chocolate raises levels of the chemical in our brain. And other
2. Chocolate makes the human brain substances in chocolate slow down the speed at which we use the chemical.
produce natural . So, chocolate helps us feel happier for longer! Great!
3. Chocolate contains a called GLOSSARY
have something to do with exp
anandamide. But which chocolate is the best? Well, for a start, there’s if X has something to do with Y, X is
4. This chemical gives us a feeling of more anandamide in dark chocolate than milk chocolate. connected
lost adj
with or linked to Y

. So, you need to buy some dark chocolate. Then, you if you are “lost”, you don’t know
how to do something, or you don’t
should follow these five tips from connoisseur chocolate understand it
4 Language focus makers Ghirardelli. They say that when choosing a brain n
the organ in your head that you use
Raise versus Rise chocolate, you need to use all five senses: for thinking
an optiate n
Look at this extract from the article, “...that the a drug containing opium or one of
anandamide in chocolate raises levels of the 1. Sight: good chocolate has its natural or synthetic derivatives
to raise vb
chemical in our brain.” The writer has used the verb a shine to it. to increase
to raise. This verb is a transitive verb (it requires an object). to slow down phr vb
if X “slows down” Y, X makes Y
However, to rise is an intransitive verb (it doesn’t require 2. Smell: rub the chocolate with your happen more slowly and not so
quickly
an object). Complete the following sentences with a finger to release the aroma. It should a tip n
conjugated form of either raise or rise. have a deep chocolate smell. advice / information
to have a shine to it exp
1. The sun in the east. if something “has a shine to it”, it is
2. The government interest 3. Sound: when you break a piece of chocolate it bright and clean
deep adj
rates last week. should snap crisply, creating a sound similar to a “deep” smell is a strong, powerful
smell
3. The level of the water if you that of a thin piece of wood being broken. to snap vb
put the stones in the container. to break
crisply adv
4. They want to standards of 4. Touch: the chocolate should melt easily in your if something breaks “crisply”, it
literacy in schools. mouth becoming a thick liquid. breaks cleanly, completely and easily
to melt vb
when a solid “melts”, it becomes
5 Discussion 5. Taste: good chocolate should not taste too sweet a liquid
thick adj
1. What’s your favourite brand of chocolate? or too bitter. not thin
sweet adj
Why? with sugar
2. What’s your favourite sweet or dessert? So, why don’t you go out and buy some chocolate and bitter adj
a taste that is not sweet, and slightly
3. How much chocolate do you eat a week? put it to the test!  unpleasant

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