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A strong conicity characterizes a contact capable of self-orienting the axle, but it risks making the
bogie and therefore the vehicle unstable. It is remedied with stiff suspensions. This is a different
compromise for a TGV and a subway.
The conicity is specific to each "wheel / rail" pair and varies with wear.
The rails have symmetrical profiles and when laid, they are slightly inclined towards the inside of
the track.
For example:
- 1/20 in France, Belgium, Italy, Spain
- 1/30 in Sweden, Denmark
- 1/40 in Germany, Central Europe There is talk of laying in 20th, 40th, .....