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THEORIES ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF THE

UNIVERSE & THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Posted on October 8, 2017

“ALL MY LIFE,

I HAVE BEEN FASCINATED BY

THE BIG QUESTIONS THAT FACE US,

AND HAVE TRIED SCIENTIFIC ANSWERS TO THEM.

IF, LIKE ME, YOU HAVE LOOKED AT THE STARS,

AND TRIED TO MAKE SENSE OF WHAT YOU SEE,

YOU TOO HAVE STARTED TO WONDER

WHAT MAKES THE UNIVERSE EXIST.”

– Stephen Hawking

UNIVERSE
 © bwastronomy.weebly.com

BIG BANG THEORY

“There was nothing and nowhere.”

PROPONENTS :
Fr. Georges Lemaître and Alexander Friedmann

13 billion years ago, there was nothing and nowhere until a random fluctuation occurred in an
empty void that causes a great explosion and expansion. It came from the forces that came out of the
singularity (tiny compact point of all the matter and energy in the universe) : strong forces, electromagnetic
forces, weak forces and gravitational forces.

EVIDENCES :
Hubble’s Law by Edwin Powell Hubble (1924)
The galaxies are not really moving through space away from each other but the space between them
are expanding. As universe expands, the galaxies get farther from each other, and the apparent
velocity will appear to be larger for the more distant galaxies.

Presence of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) by Arno Allan Penzias and

Presence of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) by Arno Allan Penzias and
Robert Woodrow Wilson (1960)
The Big Bang theory predicts that the early universe was a very hot place and that as it expands, the
gas within it cools. Thus the universe should be filled with radiation. The radio astronomers Arno Allan
Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson made the radio telescope to prove the existence of the radiation.
The CMB or known as “cosmic microwave background” represents the earliest radiation that can be
detected.
Note : This evidence put an end to steady state theory.

Inflation Theory by Alan Harvey Guth (1978)

Together with Andrei Linde, Paul Steinhart and Andy Albrecht
Cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of
space in the early universe.
The inflationary epoch lasted from 10 −36 seconds a er the conjectured Big Bang singularity to
sometime between 10−33 and 10−32 seconds after the singularity.
 © scienceblogs.com

STEADY STATE THEORY

“Everything is constant.”

PROPONENTS :
Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold

The universe is expanding, but it is unchanging and uniform in

space. It is assumed to have average p r o p e r t i e s that are constant in space and
time so that new matter must b e continuously and spontaneously created to
maintain average densities as the universe expands.

SOLAR SYSTEM
 © coub.com / via djsadhu.com

VORTEX THEORY
PROPONENT :
René Descartes

© commons.wikimedia.org

Descartes devised the Theory of Vortices which postulated that the space was entirely filled with
matter in various states, whirling about the sun. It states that the Sun is moving in the galactic plane taking
the planets with it in the helical motion or whirpool-like motion.
 © What Happens When Comets Hit The Sun via Seeker | youtube.com

COLLISION THEORY
PROPONENT :
George Louis-Leclerc (later Comte de Buffon)

© fineartamerica.com

In Les époques de la nature (1778) Buffon discussed the origins of the solar system, speculating
that the planets had been created by a giant comet’s collision with the sun.
 © jkgeography.blogspot.com

TIDAL THEORY
PROPONENTS :
James Hopwood Jeans and Harold Jeffreys

A massive star passed near the sun that set up tidal forces and the instability of the Sun which
resulted in a part of its mass being torn o due to the gravitational attraction. These materials formed a
cigar shape that later formed the 8 planets.

MVEM = Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

the first four planets to separate from the cigar shape
JSUN = Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
the last four planets cooled down from the cigar shape making them the gas giants because
they too the remaining gases and dusts in the cigar shape.
 © mattermasters.com

NEBULAR THEORY
PROPONENTS :
Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant and Pierre-Simon Laplace

The nebular theory was first proposed in 1734 by Sweden and theologian Emanuel Swedenborg
and later in 1755 developed by Immanuel Kant in his book “Universal Natural History and Theory of the
Heavens” . In 1796, a similar theory was independently formulated by Pierre-Simon Laplace which is the
Laplacian Model. Supported by the evidence presented by a Soviet astronomer Viktor Safronov in his book
“Evolution of the protoplanetary cloud and formation of the Earth and the planets” (1972).

It was said that 4.5 billion years ago, a great cloud of gas and dust called Nebula collapses because of
gravitational pull and contracts as it spins more rapidly that causes the formation of the solar system.
 © astro-interest.com

SOLAR NEBULAR THEORY

Same with nebular theory but solar nebular theory states that 4.5 billion years ago, there was an
explosion of a star called supernova caused the nebula to collapse forming the protostar (sun) after 10 million
years, then later the formation of the protoplanets (planets).

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Tags: Big Bang Theory, Buffon's Collision Theory, Descartes' Vortex Theory, Jeans-Jeffreys' Tidal Theory, Kant-Laplace Nebular
Theory, Origin Of The Solar System, Origin Of The Universe, Solar Nebular Theory, Steady State Theory, Supernova Explosion,
Theories Of Solar System, Theories Of Universe
 ONE THOUGHT ON “THEORIES ABOUT
THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE & THE
SOLAR SYSTEM”
THESCIENCEGEEK
December 31, 2017 at 4:36 pm

Great post
I wrote about the same topic at
https://thesciencegeek.org/2015/07/25/the-steady-state-theory/

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PUBLISHED BY ASHLEY JAYE
View all posts by Ashley Jaye

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