A Lesson Plan for English

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Audience: Third Year, section- A Bachelor of Secondary Education students of Palompon Institute of
Technology.

I. Teaching Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. The student will be able to define and give an example of a cause and an effect.
2. The student will be able to write their own cause and effect.
3. The student will be able to give an effect for a given cause, or give a cause for a given effect.

II. Subject Matter:

“Cause and Effect”

Structure: Signal words because, since, and as a result.

Skills: Writing

Time: 40 mins.

Materials: PowerPoint, White Board

III. Motivation

The teacher will show his students a picture and ask them to write what they have seen
on it. Afterwards, the teacher will now then list down in the white board what they have
seen in the picture. With those set of vocabulary, the teacher will let his students
construct a simple sentence out from the listed vocabulary they have. And develop
within them that they have form a cause and effect sentence.

IV. Procedure

A. Preparation

A.1. The teacher introduces the topic from the class that to be tackled in
almost 40 mins.
 A.2. The teacher asks 1 student to stand up to read a composition. The
teacher asks another one student to identify the cause in a sentence, and
another one to identify the effect of the cause.

B. Presentation/ Modeling

B.1. The teacher leads the students in determining the cause and effect
signal words used in a sentence.
B.2. The teacher presents/ discusses a series of sentences patterns to
develop/ express causal relationships.

C. Practice

1. Begin by explaining that a cause is the first thing that happens, and theeffect is what happens
because of the cause, the outcome or result. You can remind the students that it is like a story, the
character does something that then makes something else happen. It would not make sense if
” they lived happily ever after ” came before, ” the prince rescued the princess .”
2. Then ask a volunteer to tell what part of ” I left my shoes on the floor, and my dog chewed them
up ” is the cause, and then what the effect is.
3. Repeat for the second example but reverse the order; ask for the effect first, then the cause.
4. As they state the cause and effect circle the cause in one marker color and then underline the
effect in another color.
5. Pair up students and then number off in pairs (in each pair, one student chooses to be #1, and the
other #2).
6. #1′s are the causes and #2′s are the effects.
7. The first round, the “cause” partner writes a cause on his or her own paper. Next the “effect”
partner writes the effect on their own paper.
8. Take time for a few groups to share.
9. Then repeat the exercise, but have the “effects” go first, “causes” go second. Allow groups to share
again. Next have everyone write a cause and an effect on their own.
10. Pick up papers, have pairs hand in the papers together.

V. Evaluation

The teacher will now then give the students list of Topic Sentences to which they are to
write with at least two paragraphs of reactions, incorporating causal relationships.
VI. Expansion/ Enrichment

The students will watch a short video about a typhoon and the students will
then answer the questions using the signal words raised by the teacher.

VII. Assignment

Direction: Cut a picture of a natural calamity as the topic sentence then paste it on a
short bond paper. Below make a paragraph that shows causal effects relationships using
signal words.